1절 카드 ↗
1. God shall arise: his enemies shall be scattered In this verse the Psalmist intimates, as it were by way of preface, the subject which he proposed to treat in the psalm, and which related to the truth that God, however long he may seem to connive at the audacity and cruelty of the enemies of his Church, will eventually arise to avenge it, and will prove himself able to protect it by the mere forth-putting of his hand. I agree with other interpreters in thinking that the sentiment is borrowed from Moses, ( Numbers 10:35 ) (9) There can be little doubt that in dictating the form of prayer there referred to, he had an eye to the instruction and comfort of all succeeding ages, and would teach the Lord’s people confidently to rely for safety upon the ark of the covenant, which was the visible symbol of the Divine presence. We may notice this difference, however, that Moses addressed the words to God as a prayer, while David rather expresses his satisfaction and delight in what he saw daily fulfilling before his own eyes. Some indeed read, Let God arise; but they appear to misapprehend the scope of the Psalmist. He means to say that observation attested the truth which Moses had declared of God’s needing only to rise up that all his enemies might be scattered before his irresistible power. Yet I see no objections to the other reading, provided the idea now mentioned be retained, and the words be considered as intimating that God needs no array of preparation in overthrowing his enemies, and can dissipate them with a breath. We are left to infer, that when his enemies at any time obtain an ascendancy, it is owing to an exercise of Divine forbearance, and that rage as they may, it is only with his permission; the time being not yet come for his rising. There is much comfort to be derived from the circumstance, that those who persecute the Church are here spoken of as God’s enemies. When he undertakes our defense, he looks upon the injuries done to us as dishonors cast upon his Divine Majesty. The Psalmist adds a striking figure to illustrate how easily God can overthrow the machinations of our enemies, comparing them to smoke which vanishes when blown upon by the wind, or wax which melts before the fire (10) We consider it utterly incredible that such a formidable array of opposition should be made to disappear in a moment. But the Spirit takes this method of chiding the fearfulness of our carnal minds, and teaching us that there is no such strength in our enemies as we suppose, — that we allow the smoke of them to blind our eyes, and the solid mass of resistance which they present to deceive us into a forgetfulness of the truth, that the mountains themselves flow down at the presence of the Lord. (11) (9) That passage contains the words which Moses used when the ark began a procession. Whenever the tabernacle was moved, and the Levites marched onward, bearing upon their shoulders the ark of the covenant, and the whole host of Israel proceeded on their march, “Moses said, Rise up, Lord,” etc. Martin observes, that “the God whom these opening words of the psalm have in view is manifestly the same of whom it is said in verse 18, that he ascended up on high, and led captivity captive. Now he of whom that is said, being, according to the interpretation of the Apostle Paul, ( Ephesians 4:8 ,) Jesus Christ, the Son of God, it clearly follows that it was the Son of God, the true God, Jehovah the eternal God, whom the Prophet had in his eye in the first verse and in the rest of the psalm.” See Appendix. (10) As wax melteth before the fire , “a proverbial expression, denoting speedy dissolution, consumption, and death . ” — Bythner . (11) “ Sed quasi fumo hebetari nostros oculos; falli etiam nos in ipsa duritie, quia non reputamus solo Dei conspectu liquefieri montes ipsos .” — Lat . “ Mais qu’il y a comme une fumee qu’il nous esblouist les yeux; semblablement que nons nous abusons quant a leur durete et obstination; pource que nous ne venons point a considerer qu’au seul regard de Dieu les montagnes mesmes fondent et s’ecoulent .” Fr . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
1. **하나님은 일어나시리니, 그의 원수들은 흩어지리로다.** 이 절에서 시편 기자는 말하자면 서문 방식으로 자신이 시편에서 다루려는 주제를 암시하는데, 그것은 하나님이 아무리 오래 그의 교회의 원수들의 방자함과 잔인함을 묵인하는 것처럼 보이더라도 결국 일어나 그것을 보복하시고, 단지 그의 손을 내밀심으로써 그것을 보호할 수 있음을 증명하실 것이라는 진리이다. 나는 그 감정이 모세에게서 빌려온 것이라는 다른 해석자들의 의견에 동의한다(민수기 10장 35절). 거기서 언급된 기도의 형식을 구술하면서 그가 모든 후속 시대의 교훈과 위로에 눈을 두었고, 주의 백성에게 언약의 궤, 즉 하나님의 임재의 가시적 상징에 안전을 위해 자신있게 의지하도록 가르치고자 했음은 의심할 여지가 없다. 그러나 이 차이를 주목할 수 있다. 모세는 그 말씀들을 기도로 하나님께 말했지만, 다윗은 오히려 날마다 자기 눈앞에서 성취되는 것을 본 것에 대한 만족과 기쁨을 표현한다. 어떤 이들은 실로 '하나님은 일어나소서'로 읽지만, 시편 기자의 의도를 잘못 파악하는 것 같다. 그는 모세가 선언한 진리, 즉 하나님이 단지 일어나심만으로 모든 원수들이 그의 저항할 수 없는 능력 앞에 흩어질 것이라는 것이 관찰로 입증된다고 말하고자 한다. 그러나 이제 언급한 생각을 유지하고, 말씀들이 하나님이 원수들을 넘어뜨리는 데 어떤 준비 배열도 필요 없으시며, 한 번의 호흡으로 그들을 흩어버릴 수 있음을 암시하는 것으로 본다면, 다른 번역에 반대할 이유가 없다. 그의 원수들이 때로 우세를 얻을 때는 하나님의 오래 참으심의 행사로 인한 것이며, 그들이 아무리 날뛰어도 그의 허락 아래서만 그러할 수 있다고, 그가 일어나실 때가 아직 오지 않았을 뿐이라고 추론할 수 있다. 교회를 핍박하는 자들이 여기서 하나님의 원수들로 말해진다는 사정에서 많은 위로를 끌어낼 수 있다. 그분이 우리의 변호를 맡으실 때, 우리에게 가해진 불의들을 그의 신적 위엄에 던져진 수치로 바라보신다. 시편 기자는 하나님이 우리 원수들의 음모를 얼마나 쉽게 뒤엎으실 수 있는지를 예시하기 위해 인상적인 비유를 덧붙인다. 그것들을 바람에 불려 사라지는 연기나 불 앞에서 녹는 밀납에 비유한다. 그처럼 강력한 대적의 배열이 순간에 사라진다는 것은 우리가 전혀 믿을 수 없는 것이다. 그러나 성령은 이 방법으로 우리 육신적 마음의 두려움을 책망하고, 우리 원수들에게 우리가 생각하는 것만큼의 강함이 없다는 것을, 우리가 그 연기로 눈이 멀게 하고 그들이 제시하는 단단한 저항의 덩어리로 인해 산들도 주 앞에서 녹아 흘러내린다는 진리를 잊어버리도록 속임을 당한다는 것을 가르친다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
3절 카드 ↗
3 But the righteous shall be glad It is here intimated by David, that when God shows himself formidable to the wicked, this is with the design of securing the deliverance of his Church. He would seem indirectly to contrast the joy of which he now speaks with the depression and grief felt by well affected men under the reign of Saul — suggesting, that God succeeds a season of temporary trouble with returns of comfort, to prevent his people from being overwhelmed by despondency. He leaves us also to infer, that one reason of that joy which they experience is derived from knowing that God is propitious to them, and interests himself in their safety. The Hebrew words, מפני , mipne, and לפני , liphne, admit of the same meaning; but I think that the Psalmist intended to note a distinction. The wicked flee from the presence of God, as what inspires them with terror; the righteous again rejoice in it, because nothing delights them more than to think that God is near them. When commenting upon the passage, Psalms 18:26 , we saw why the Divine presence terrifies some and comforts others; for “with the pure he will show himself pure, and with the froward he will show himself froward.” One expression is heaped by the Psalmist upon another, to show how great the joy of the Lord’s people is, and how entirely it possesses and occupies their affections. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
3. **그러나 의인은 기뻐하리로다.** 여기서 다윗은, 하나님이 악인들에게 두렵게 나타내심은 그의 교회의 구원을 보장하기 위한 것임을 암시한다. 그는 간접적으로 지금 말하는 기쁨과 사울의 통치 아래 선한 마음을 가진 자들이 느꼈던 침체와 슬픔을 대조하는 것 같다. 하나님이 일시적 고난의 시기에 위로의 돌아옴을 뒤따르게 하여 그의 백성이 낙담에 압도되지 않도록 하신다고 암시하는 것이다. 그들이 경험하는 기쁨의 한 이유가, 하나님이 그들에게 자비로우시고 그들의 안전에 관심을 가지신다는 것을 아는 것에서 온다고 추론할 수 있도록 남겨두기도 한다. 히브리어 단어들 '미프네'와 '리프네'는 같은 의미로 취할 수 있다. 그러나 나는 시편 기자가 구분을 의도했다고 생각한다. 악인들은 두려움을 주는 것으로서 하나님의 임재에서 도망한다. 의인들은 다시 기뻐하는데, 하나님이 가까이 계신다는 생각보다 더 그들을 기쁘게 하는 것이 없기 때문이다. 시편 18편 26절을 주석할 때, 하나님의 임재가 어떤 이들에게는 두렵게 하고 다른 이들에게는 위로가 되는 이유를 보았다. "깨끗한 자에게는 깨끗하게 나타내시리로다, 사특한 자에게는 사특하게 행하실 것이니라." 시편 기자는 주의 백성의 기쁨이 얼마나 크고, 그것이 얼마나 완전히 그들의 마음을 사로잡고 차지하는지를 보여주기 위해 한 표현에 또 다른 표현을 쌓는다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-3-3(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
4절 카드 ↗
4 Sing unto God, sing praises to his name: exalt him (12) that rideth, etc. He now proceeds to call upon the Lord’s people to praise God. And he begins by pointing out the grounds in general, as I have already hinted, which they have for this exercise, because he comprehends the whole world under his power and government, adding, that he condescends to take the poorest and the most wretched of our family under his protection. His infinite power is commended, when it is said that he rides upon the clouds, or the heavens, (13) for this proves that he sits superior over all things. The Holy Spirit may signify by the expression, that we should exclude from our minds every thing gross and earthly in the conceptions we form of him; but he would, doubtless, impress us chiefly with an idea of his great power, to produce in us a due reverence, and make us feel how far short all our praises must come of his glory. We would attempt in vain to comprehend heaven and earth; but his glory is greater than both. As to the expression which follows, in Jah, his name, there has been some difference of opinion. The Hebrew preposition ב , beth, may here, as sometimes it is, be a mere expletive, and we may read, Jah is his name (14) Others read, in Jah is his name; (15) and I have no objection to this, though I prefer the translation which I have adopted. It is of less consequence how we construe the words, as the meaning of the Psalmist is obvious. The whole world was at that time filled with the vain idols of superstition, and he would assert the claim of God, and set them aside when he brought forward the God of Israel. But it is not enough that the Lord’s people should bow before him with suppliant spirits. Even the wicked, while they fear and tremble before him, are forced to yield him reverence. David would have them draw near to him with cheerfulness and alacrity; and, accordingly, proceeds to insist upon his transcendent goodness shown in condescending to the orphans and widows. The incomprehensible glory of God does not induce him to remove himself to a distance from us, or prevent him from stooping to us in our lowest depths of wretchedness. There can be no doubt that orphans and widows are named to indicate in general all such as the world are disposed to overlook as unworthy of their regard. Generally we distribute our attentions where we expect some return. We give the preference to rank and splendor, and despise or neglect the poor. When it is said, God is in the habitation of his holiness, this may refer either to heaven or to the temple, for either sense will suit the connection. God does not dwell in heaven to indulge his own ease, but heaven is, as it were, his throne, from which he judges the world. On the other hand, the fact of his having chosen to take up his residence with men, and inviting them familiarly to himself there, is one well fitted to encourage the poor, who are cheered to think that he is not far off from them. In the next verse, other instances of the Divine goodness are mentioned — that he gives the bereaved and solitary a numerous offspring, and releases the bonds of the captive. In the last clause of the verse, he denounces the judgment of God against those who impiously despise him, and this that he might show the Lord’s people the folly of envying their lot as well as strike terror into their minds. The sense of the words is, That we ought to comfort ourselves under the worst afflictions, by reflecting that we are in God’s hand, who can mitigate all our griefs and remove all our burdens. The wicked, on the other hand, may congratulate themselves for a time upon their prosperity, but eventually it will fare ill with them. By dwelling in a dry land, is meant being banished, as it were, to a wilderness, and deprived of the benefits of that fatherly kindness which they had so criminally abused. (12) The reading of the Septuagint is, ‘ Οδοποιήσατε , “Make way.” The Hebrew word סלו , sollu , has this sense, as well as that of exalt In two passages in Isaiah, the forms of expression are very like the present passage, ( Isaiah 57:14 ,) “Cast ye up, cast ye up, prepare the way;” and ( Isaiah 62:10 ,) “Cast up, cast up the highway.” Jerome has, “ Praeparate viam ,” “Prepare yea way.” Walford adopts the same translation, — “Prepare a way for him who rideth through the deserts,” — which he explains in the following note: “The imagery is borrowed from the custom of Eastern princes, who sent pioneers before their armies, to reduce the hills, and carry raised roads through the valleys, to facilitate their progress. God is described as riding through the deserts, from his having accompanied Israel through the wilderness, to conduct them to Canaan.” (13) The word בערבות , baaraboth , here rendered the clouds , or the heavens , is by the LXX. translated the west , as if it were derived from ערב , ereb , evening ; and by the Vulgate, “ Super occasum ,” “Upon the going down of the sun.” Others translate it “deserts.” Thus, Jerome reads, “ ascendenti per deserta ,” “for him that rideth through the deserts.” In this he is followed by Dr Boothroyd, Bishops Lowth and Horsley, Drs Kennicott and Chandler, Fry, and others; but critics of no less note read heavens , as Paginus, Buxtorf, and Hammond. “The feminine ערבה ,” says this last critic, “is frequently taken for a plain , and so for the desert ; but ערבות , in the plural, is acknowledged by the Hebrews to signify the heavens . ” The idea is altogether fanciful which has been put forth by some, that this word, which frequently signifies a plain or desert , is applied to the highest heavens, “either as being plain and void of stars, and so a kind of superior desert, without anything in it, or (as the learned Grotius piously conjectures from 1 Timothy 6:16 ) because, as a desert, it is ἀπρόσοιτον , not approached or approachable by any.” (14) This is the rendering in all the ancient versions, as the Septuagint, Chaldee, Syriac, Vulgate, etc. Ma
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
4. **하나님께 노래하며, 그의 이름을 찬양하라. 구름을 타시는 이를 높이 올리라.** 이제 그는 주의 백성이 하나님을 찬양하도록 촉구하는 것으로 나아간다. 그리고 이미 암시했듯이 일반적인 근거들을 먼저 지적하는 것으로 시작하는데, 그가 온 세상을 그의 권능과 통치 아래 포함하시기 때문이다. 덧붙여 그가 우리 가족 중 가장 가난하고 가장 비참한 자들을 그의 보호 아래 두기를 기꺼이 굽어 내려오신다는 것을 말한다. 그의 무한한 권능은 그가 구름 위에, 혹은 하늘 위에 타신다고 말함으로써 칭송된다. 이것이 그가 만물 위에 월등함을 증명하기 때문이다. 성령은 이 표현으로 우리가 그에 대해 형성하는 개념들에서 거칠고 지상적인 모든 것을 마음에서 제외해야 함을 의미할 수 있다. 그러나 그는 의심할 여지 없이 주로 그의 큰 권능에 대한 인상을 우리에게 심어, 우리가 마땅한 경외를 갖도록 하고, 우리의 모든 찬양이 그의 영광에 얼마나 크게 미치지 못하는지를 느끼게 하려 할 것이다. 이어지는 '야, 그의 이름이라'는 표현에 대해서는 의견의 차이가 있어왔다. 히브리어 전치사 '베트'는 여기서 때로 그러하듯 단순히 강조어일 수 있으며, '야'는 그의 이름이다라고 읽을 수도 있다. 다른 이들은 '야 안에 그의 이름이 있다'로 읽는다. 내가 채택한 번역을 선호하지만 이에 반대하지는 않는다. 시편 기자의 의미가 분명하므로 우리가 말씀들을 어떻게 구성하는가는 덜 중요하다. 당시 온 세상은 미신의 헛된 우상들로 가득했고, 그는 이스라엘의 하나님을 앞에 세울 때 그들을 제쳐두고 하나님의 주장을 주장하려 했다. 그러나 주의 백성이 겸손한 영으로 그 앞에 절하는 것으로 충분하지 않다. 악인들조차 그를 두려워하고 떨면서도 어쩔 수 없이 경의를 표하지 않을 수 없다. 다윗은 그들이 기쁨과 민첩함으로 그에게 나아오기를 원하며, 따라서 고아와 과부들에 굽어 내려오심에서 나타난 그의 탁월한 선하심을 주장하는 것으로 나아간다. 하나님의 불가해한 영광은 그를 우리에게서 멀리 물러나도록 유도하지 않으며, 우리의 가장 깊은 비참함에까지 굽어 내려오시는 것을 방해하지 않는다. 고아와 과부가 언급되는 것은 일반적으로 세상이 무가치한 자들로 간과하는 모든 자들을 나타내기 위함임은 의심할 여지가 없다. 일반적으로 우리는 어떤 보답을 기대하는 곳에 관심을 기울인다. 신분과 화려함을 선호하며 가난한 자들을 멸시하거나 등한히 한다. '하나님은 그의 거룩한 처소에 계시니'라고 할 때, 이것은 하늘이나 성전 어느 쪽을 가리킬 수 있다. 어느 의미도 문맥에 맞기 때문이다. 하나님은 하늘에 거하시며 자신의 안락을 즐기시는 것이 아니라, 하늘은 말하자면 그가 세상을 심판하시는 보좌이다. 반면에 그가 사람들과 함께 거하기로 선택하시고 거기서 친근하게 그들을 자신에게 초청하신다는 사실은, 그분이 그들에게서 멀지 않다는 것을 생각하며 격려받는 가난한 자들을 고무시키는 데 적합한 것이다. 다음 절에서는 신적 선하심의 다른 예시들이 언급된다. 즉 그가 사별하고 고독한 자에게 많은 자녀를 주시고, 포로의 결박을 풀어주신다는 것이다. 이 절의 마지막 절에서는 그를 불경건하게 멸시하는 자들에 대한 하나님의 심판을 선언하는데, 이것은 주의 백성이 그들의 운명을 시기하는 어리석음을 보여주고 또한 그들의 마음에 두려움을 심기 위함이다. 말씀들의 의미는, 우리가 최악의 고난 아래서도 우리가 하나님의 손 안에 있다는 것을 생각함으로써 위로해야 한다는 것이다. 그분은 우리의 모든 슬픔을 완화하고 모든 짐을 제거할 수 있다. 반면에 악인들은 그들의 번성을 일시적으로 축하할 수 있지만 결국에는 그들에게 불리하게 될 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-4-4(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
7절 카드 ↗
7 O God! when thou wentest forth before thy people, etc. The Psalmist now proceeds to show that the Divine goodness is principally displayed in the Church, which God has selected as the great theater where his fatherly care may be manifested. What follows is evidently added with the view of leading the posterity of Abraham, as the Lord’s chosen people, to apply the observations which had been just made to themselves. The deliverance from Egypt having been the chief and lasting pledge of the Divine favor, which practically ratified their adoption under the patriarch, he briefly adverts to that event. He would intimate that in that remarkable exodus, proof had been given to all succeeding ages of the love which God entertained for his Church. Why were so many miracles wrought? why were heaven and earth put into commotion? why were the mountains made to tremble? but that all might recognize the power of God as allied with the deliverance of his people. He represents God as having been their leader in conducting them forth. And this not merely in reference to their passage of the Red Sea, but their journeys so long as they wandered in the wilderness. When he speaks of the earth being moved, he would not seem to allude entirely to what occurred upon the promulgation of the law, but to the fact that, throughout all their progress, the course of nature was repeatedly altered, as if the very elements had trembled at the presence of the Lord. It was upon Mount Sinai, however, that God issued the chief displays of his awful power; it was there that thunders were heard in heaven, and the air was filled with lightnings; and, accordingly, it is mentioned here by name as having presented the most glorious spectacle of the Divine majesty which was ever beheld. Some read, This Sinai, etc., connecting the pronoun זה , zeh, with the mountain here named; but it is much more emphatical to join it with the preceding clause, and to read, the heavens dropped at the presence of This God; David meaning to commend the excellency of the God of Israel. The expression is one frequently used by the prophets to denote that the God worshipped by the posterity of Abraham was the true God, and the religion delivered in his law no delusion, as in Isaiah 25:9 , “This, this is our God, and he will save us.” To establish the Lord’s people in their faith, David leads them, as it were, into the very presence of God; indicates that they were left to no such vague uncertainties as the heathen; and indirectly censures the folly of the world in forsaking the knowledge of the true God, and fashioning imaginary deities of its own, of wood and stone, of gold and silver. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
7. **하나님이여, 주께서 주의 백성 앞에서 나오실 때에.** 이제 시편 기자는 하나님의 선하심이 교회에서 주로 나타난다는 것을 보여주는 것으로 나아간다. 하나님은 교회를 그의 아버지적 돌봄이 나타날 큰 극장으로 선택하셨다. 이어지는 것은 분명히 방금 한 관찰들을 자신들에게 적용하도록 주의 선택된 백성인 아브라함의 후손을 이끌기 위해 덧붙여진 것이다. 이집트에서의 구원이 하나님의 은총의 으뜸이자 지속적인 보증이었으며, 족장 아래서 그들의 입양을 실천적으로 확증했으므로, 그는 그 사건을 간략히 언급한다. 그 주목할 만한 출애굽에서 모든 후속 시대들에게 하나님이 그의 교회에 품으신 사랑의 증거가 주어졌음을 암시하려 한다. 왜 그토록 많은 기적이 행해졌는가? 왜 하늘과 땅이 동요되었는가? 왜 산들이 떨었는가? 모든 이가 하나님의 능력이 그의 백성의 구원과 연합되어 있음을 인식하도록 하기 위함이 아닌가? 그는 하나님이 그들을 인도하여 나오신 그들의 지도자로 표현한다. 이것은 단지 그들의 홍해 통과를 가리키는 것이 아니라, 그들이 광야에서 방랑하는 동안의 여정들을 가리킨다. 그가 땅이 흔들렸다고 말할 때, 율법이 공포될 때 일어난 것만을 전적으로 암시하는 것이 아니라, 그들의 진행 내내 자연의 과정이 반복적으로 변경되었다는 사실을 가리키는 것 같다. 마치 원소들 자체가 주의 임재에서 떨었던 것처럼. 그러나 하나님이 그의 두려운 권능의 주요 표시들을 드러내신 것은 시내산에서였다. 거기서 하늘에서 뇌성이 들렸고 공기가 번개로 가득 찼다. 따라서 그것이 일찍이 목격된 하나님 위엄의 가장 영광스러운 광경을 보여주었으므로 여기서 이름으로 언급된다. 어떤 이들은 '이 시내'로 읽어 대명사 '제'를 여기 명명된 산과 연결시킨다. 그러나 그것을 앞의 절과 연결하여 '하늘이 이 하나님의 임재에서 비를 내렸다'로 읽는 것이 훨씬 더 강조적이다. 다윗이 이스라엘의 하나님의 탁월함을 칭송하고자 함을 의미하는 것이다. 이 표현은 아브라함의 후손들이 예배한 하나님이 참 하나님이시며, 그의 율법에서 전달된 종교가 기만이 아님을 나타내기 위해 선지자들이 자주 사용한다(이사야 25장 9절). 주의 백성을 믿음 안에 굳게 세우기 위해, 다윗은 그들을 말하자면 하나님의 임재 앞에 직접 이끈다. 그들이 이방인들처럼 막연한 불확실함에 내버려지지 않았음을 암시하며, 세상이 참 하나님에 대한 지식을 버리고 나무와 돌, 금과 은으로 상상적인 신들을 만들어내는 어리석음을 간접적으로 책망한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-7-7(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
9절 카드 ↗
9. Thou, O God! shalt make a liberal rain to fall (19) upon thine inheritance Mention is made here of the continued course of favor which had been extended to the people from the time when they first entered the promised land. It is called the inheritance of God, as having been assigned over to his own children. Others understand by the inheritance spoken of in the verse, the Church, but this is not correct, for it is afterwards stated as being the place where the Church dwelt. The title is appropriately given to the land of Canaan, which God made over to them by right of inheritance. David takes notice of the fact, that, from the first settlement of the seed of Abraham in it, God had never ceased to make the kindest fatherly provision for them, sending his rain in due season to prepare their food. The words translated a liberal rain, read literally in the Hebrew a rain of freenesses, and I agree with interpreters in thinking that he alludes to the blessing as having come in the exercise of free favor, (20) and to God, as having of his own unprompted goodness provided for all the wants of his people. Some read a desirable rain; others, a rain flowing without violence, or gentle; but neither of these renderings seems eligible. Others read a copious or plentiful rain; but I have already stated what appears to me to be the preferable sense. It was a proof, then, of his Divine liberality, that God watered the land seasonably with showers. There is clearly a reference to the site of Judea, which owed its fertility to dews and the rains of heaven. In allusion to the same circumstance, he speaks of its being refreshed when weary. The reason is assigned — because it had been given to his chosen people to dwell in. On no other account was it blessed, than as being the habitation of God’s Church and people. The more to impress upon the minds of the Jews their obligations to Divine goodness, he represents them as pensioners depending upon God for their daily food. He fed them upon the finest of the wheat, giving them wine, and honey, and oil in abundance — still he proportioned the communication of his kindness so as to keep them always dependent in expectation upon himself. Some, instead of reading, Thou wilt prepare with thy goodness, etc., render it, Thou wilt prepare with rich food; but, without absolutely objecting to this translation, I rather think that he adverts to the circumstance of God’s being led to provide for his people entirely by his own good pleasure. (19) Heb. Shall shake out , i . e . , from the clouds, a liberal rain . (20) Ainsworth reads, “a rain of liberalities.” Horsley, “a shower of unmerited kindnesses;” “literally,” says he, “ a plentiful rain , rain being used here metaphorically.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
9. **하나님이여, 주께서 주의 기업에 넉넉한 비를 내려 주셨나이다.** 여기서는 그들이 약속의 땅에 처음 들어간 때부터 백성에게 확장된 은혜의 계속되는 과정이 언급된다. 그것은 그 자신의 자녀들에게 양도된 것이므로 하나님의 기업이라 불린다. 다른 이들은 이 절에서 말하는 기업으로 교회를 이해하지만 이것은 옳지 않다. 왜냐하면 이후에 그것이 교회가 거하는 장소로 진술되기 때문이다. 이 제목은 가나안 땅에 적절하게 주어지는데, 하나님이 그들에게 상속권으로 넘겨주셨다. 다윗은 아브라함의 씨가 그 안에 처음 정착한 때부터, 하나님이 그들에게 음식을 준비하기 위해 제때에 비를 보내시는 가장 친절한 아버지적 공급을 결코 그치지 않으셨다는 사실에 주목한다. '넉넉한 비'로 번역된 말들은 히브리어에서 문자적으로 '값없음의 비'로 읽히며, 나는 이 복이 값없는 은혜의 행사로 왔다는 것, 즉 하나님이 그 자신의 전혀 외부에서 촉구되지 않은 선하심으로 그의 백성의 모든 필요를 공급하셨다는 것을 암시한다고 해석자들의 의견에 동의한다. 어떤 이들은 '바람직한 비'로, 다른 이들은 '폭력 없이 흐르는 비', 즉 '온화한 비'로 번역하지만, 이 번역들 중 어느 것도 적합해 보이지 않는다. 또 다른 이들은 '풍성하거나 넉넉한 비'로 읽지만, 이미 내가 선호하는 의미로 보이는 것을 진술했다. 따라서 하나님의 신적 관대함의 증거가, 그가 그 땅을 제때에 소나기로 적시셨다는 것이다. 유대의 위치에 대한 분명한 언급이 있는데, 그 비옥함은 이슬과 하늘의 비에 빚졌다. 같은 사정을 암시하면서 그는 그것이 지쳐 있을 때 새로워졌다고 말한다. 이유가 제시된다. 그것이 그의 선택된 백성이 거하도록 주어졌기 때문이라고. 하나님의 교회와 백성의 거처가 된다는 것 이외의 이유로는 복을 받지 않았다. 유대인들의 마음에 하나님의 선하심에 대한 의무를 더 깊이 인상시키기 위해, 그는 그들이 일용할 음식을 위해 하나님께 의지하는 연금 수급자들로 표현한다. 그분은 가장 좋은 밀로 그들을 먹이시고, 포도주와 꿀과 기름을 풍성히 주셨다. 그럼에도 그는 항상 그들이 그 자신에 대한 기대감에 의존하도록 유지할 만큼 그의 친절함의 전달을 조절하셨다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-9-9(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
11절 카드 ↗
11. The Lord shall give the word, etc. David now adverts to the victories by which God had signally displayed his power in behalf of his people. He had himself been the instrument of restoring peace to the country, by putting down its foes, and he had extended the boundaries of the kingdom; but he ascribes the praise of all that had been done in stratagems and counsels of war to God. In representing God as issuing orders for the song of triumph, he intimates, figuratively, that it is he who determines the successful issue of battles. Notice is taken of the women who announce the army, for it was the custom anciently for women to sing the song of triumph, as Miriam, the sister of Moses, with her companions, sounded the praises of God upon the timbrel, and the women celebrated David’s victory upon the harp, when he slew Goliath, and routed the Philistines, ( Exodus 15:20 ; Judges 11:34 ; 1 Samuel 18:6 .) In making this reference to a song of praise, the Psalmist, as I have already said, intended to impress the truth upon the people, that the victories gained were entirely owing to God; though, at the same time, he tacitly reminds them of its being their duty to proclaim his benefits with due gratitude. From the verse which succeeds, we are taught that the mightiest preparations which the enemies of the Church may make for its destruction shall be overthrown. We may consider the words as spoken in the person of the Psalmist himself, or as forming the song of the women mentioned above. It was a circumstance illustrative of the Divine favor, that the most formidable kings, before whom the Jews could never have stood in their own strength, had been put to flight. That princes, who could easily have overrun the world with their forces, should have not only departed without obtaining their purpose, but been forced to fly to a distance, could be accounted for on no other supposition than God’s having stood forward signally as their defender. In the Hebrew the verb is repeated, they shall flee, they shall flee, signifying that the attacks of the enemy had been repelled by Divine assistance once and again. The greatness of the spoil taken is intimated by the circumstance stated, that a share of it would come even to the women who remained at home. While the soldiers would return from battle clothed with the spoils, such would be the quantity of booty taken, that the females, who took no part in war, would partake of it. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
11. **주께서 말씀을 주시니.** 다윗은 이제 하나님이 그의 백성을 위해 그의 권능을 현저하게 나타내신 승리들로 전환한다. 그 자신이 나라의 원수들을 진압함으로써 나라에 평화를 회복하는 도구였으며 왕국의 경계를 확장했지만, 그는 전쟁의 계략과 모의에서 행해진 모든 것의 찬양을 하나님께 돌린다. 하나님을 승전가의 명령을 내리시는 분으로 표현함으로써, 그는 비유적으로 전투의 성공적인 결과를 결정하시는 분이 그분임을 암시한다. 군대를 선포하는 여인들에 주목하는데, 예전에 여인들이 승전가를 부르는 것이 관습이었기 때문이다. 모세의 자매 미리암이 그 동료들과 함께 소고로 하나님을 찬양했고, 다윗이 골리앗을 죽이고 블레셋 사람들을 격파했을 때 여인들이 수금으로 다윗의 승리를 기념했다(출애굽기 15장 20절; 사사기 11장 34절; 사무엘상 18장 6절). 이 찬양의 노래에 대한 언급으로, 시편 기자는 이미 말했듯이 거둔 승리들이 전적으로 하나님의 덕분임을 백성에게 인상 지으려 했다. 동시에 그는 그의 유익들을 마땅한 감사로 선포하는 것이 그들의 의무임을 그들에게 조용히 상기시킨다. 이어지는 절에서 우리는 교회의 원수들이 그것을 파괴하기 위해 할 수 있는 가장 강력한 준비들이 뒤엎어질 것임을 배운다. 우리는 그 말씀들을 시편 기자 자신의 인격으로 말해진 것으로, 또는 위에서 언급된 여인들의 노래의 일부를 이루는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 하나님의 은총을 예시하는 사정은, 유대인들이 결코 자신의 힘으로 당해낼 수 없었던 가장 강력한 왕들이 도망쳤다는 것이다. 자신들의 군대로 쉽게 온 세상을 뒤덮을 수 있었던 왕들이, 그 목적을 이루지 못하고 멀리 도망가지 않을 수 없게 되었다는 것은 하나님이 현저하게 그들의 보호자로 나서신 것 외의 다른 어떤 가정으로도 설명될 수 없다. 히브리어에서 동사가 반복된다. 그들이 도망치리로다, 도망치리로다. 이는 원수의 공격이 한 번 또 한 번 신적 도움으로 격퇴되었음을 의미한다. 빼앗은 전리품의 크기는 집에 남아 있던 여인들도 그 몫을 나눌 것이라는 진술된 사정으로 암시된다. 군인들이 전리품을 갖추고 전쟁에서 돌아오는 동안, 전쟁에 아무 부분도 하지 않은 여성들도 그것을 나눠 가질 만큼 취한 노획물의 양이 많을 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-11-11(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
13절 카드 ↗
13. Though ye should lie among the pots (25) Having spoken of God as fighting the battles of his people, he adds, by way of qualification, that they may lie for a time under darkness, though eventually God will appear for their deliverance; There can be little doubt that he hints at the state of wretchedness and distress to which the nation had been reduced under the government of Saul, for the interposition was the more remarkable, considering the misery from which it had emerged. The words, however, convey a further instruction than this. They teach us the general truth, that believers are, by the hidden and mysterious power of God, preserved unhurt in the midst of their afflictions, or suddenly recovered so as to exhibit no marks of them. The language admits of being interpreted to mean either that they shine even when lying under filth and darkness, or that, when freed from their troubles, they shake off any defilement which they may have contracted. Let either sense be adopted, and it remains true that the believer is never consumed or overwhelmed by his afflictions, but comes out safe. An elegant figure is drawn from the dove, which, though it lie amongst the pots, retains the beauty which naturally belongs to it, and contracts no defilement on its wings. From this we learn that the Church does not always present a fair or peaceable aspect, but rather emerges occasionally from the darkness that envelops it, and recovers its beauty as perfectly as if it had never been subjected to calamity. (25) The interpretation of this verse is attended with great difficulty. Speaking of it and the following verse, Dr Lowth says, “I am not at all satisfied with any explication I have ever met with of these verses, either as to sense or construction, and I must give them up as unintelligible to me. Houbigant helps out the construction in his violent method: ‘ Aut invenit viam , aut facit .’” It is pretty generally admitted, that in the first part of this verse a “state of wretchedness and distress,” as Calvin remarks, is indicated; but it is difficult to ascertain the meaning of the word שפתים , shephataim , which he renders pots , and, consequently, to ascertain to what the allusion particularly is. None of the old translators have so rendered it; and numerous significations have been given to it. The Chaldee renders it, “bounds in the divisions of the way;” the Syriac and Arabic, “paths” or “ways;” the Septuagint, κλήρων , “allotments,” “inheritances,” or “portions,” apparently deriving the word from שפת , divisit , ordinavit , and perhaps attaching to it a similar idea as in the preceding translations, men’s portions of land or possessions having been divided and distinguished by paths Jerome, adhering to the Septuagint, makes it “ inter medios terminos .” Thus, the word will not be without significance, expressing a forlorn and wretched condition, lying down betwixt the bounds; that is, in the highways. But many modern critics think that it signifies something in relation to pots, and that it may very probably be the same as that which the Arabs call אתאפי , Athaphi , stones set in a chimney for a pot to rest on, the pots being without legs. “Of these,” says Hammond, “the Arabians had three, and the third being commonly (to them in the desert) some fast piece of a rock, or the like, behind the pot, — as in a chimney the back of the chimney itself, and that not looked on as distinct from the chimney, — the other two at the sides, which were loose, might fitly be here expressed in the dual number שפתים ; and then the lying between these will betoken a very low, squalid condition, as in the ashes, or amidst the soot and filth of the chimney.” “These two renderings,” he adds, “may seem somewhat distant; and yet, considering that the termini or bounds in divisions of ways were but heaps of stones, or broken bricks, or rubbish, the word שפתים , which signifies these, may well signify these supporters of the pots also, in respect of the matter of these being such stones or broken bricks.” Parkhurst takes a view somewhat similar to this last interpretation. He reads, “among the fire ranges,” or “rows of stones.” “Those,” says he, “on which the caldrons or pots were placed for boiling; somewhat like, I suppose, but of a more structure, than those which Niebuhr says are used by the wandering Arabs. ‘Their fire-place is soon constructed: they only set their pots upon several separate stones , or over a hole digged in the earth.’ Lying among these denotes the most abject slavery; for this seems to have been the place of rest allotted to the vilest slaves. So, old Laertes, grieving for the loss of his son, is described by Homer (in the Eleventh Book of the Odyssey) as, in the winter, sleeping where the slaves did, in the ashes near the fire: — ‘—Oqi dmwev eni oikw En koni agci purov.’” See his Lexicon on שפת ii. The Chaldee has “broken bricks,” or “rubbish,” that are thrown away; the word, according to this sense, being derived from שפה , shephah , to bruise , to trample on A similar noun, אשפת , ashpoth , derived from the verb שפה , is used in Psalms 113:7 , for a dunghill , or the vilest place, whither all kinds of rubbish are cast out, and where the poor are said to lie. When Job was brought by Satan to the lowest depths of affliction, he sat down among the ashes, and scraped himself with a potsherd, which indicated the state of extreme sadness and debasement to which he was reduced. If this is the sense here, “lying among the broken bricks or rubbish” expresses, in like manner as the preceding translations, the most mean, dejected, and wretched condition. Harmer’s attempt to explain this passage is at least very ingenious: — As shepherds in the East betake themselves, during the night, for shelter to the caves which they find in their rocky hills, where they can kindle fires to warm themselves, as well as dress their provisions, and as doves, as well as other birds, frequently haunt such places, he con
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
13. **너희가 양 우리에 누울 때에.** 하나님이 그의 백성의 전쟁을 싸우신다고 말한 후, 그는 한정 조건으로, 그들이 한동안 어둠 아래 있을 수 있으나 결국 하나님이 그들의 구원을 위해 나타나실 것이라고 덧붙인다. 그가 사울의 통치 아래 나라가 전락한 비참하고 고통스러운 상태를 암시한다는 것은 의심할 여지가 없다. 그 비참함에서 나왔다는 점을 고려할 때 개입이 더욱 주목할 만했기 때문이다. 그러나 이 말씀들은 이것 이상의 교훈을 전달한다. 신자들이 하나님의 숨겨지고 신비로운 권능으로, 고난 중에도 해를 입지 않고 보전되거나, 혹은 갑작스럽게 회복되어 어떤 흔적도 보이지 않게 된다는 일반적 진리를 가르친다. 말씀들은 그들이 더러움과 어둠 아래 누워서도 빛나거나, 혹은 고난에서 자유롭게 될 때 그들이 받았을 수 있는 모든 오염을 떨쳐낸다는 의미로 해석될 수 있다. 어느 의미를 채택하든, 신자는 결코 자신의 고난으로 소모되거나 압도되지 않고 안전하게 나온다는 것이 참이다. 비둘기에서 우아한 비유가 그려지는데, 그것이 솥 사이에 누운다 하더라도 자연스럽게 속하는 아름다움을 유지하고 날개에 어떤 오염도 묻히지 않는다. 이로부터 우리는 교회가 항상 공정하거나 평화로운 모습을 나타내지 않고, 오히려 때로는 그것을 에워싸는 어둠에서 떠오르며, 마치 재난을 겪은 적이 없는 것처럼 완전히 아름다움을 회복한다는 것을 배운다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-13-13(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
14절 카드 ↗
14. When the Almighty scattered kings in it We might read extended, or divided kings, etc., and then the allusion would be to his leading them in triumph. But the other reading is preferable, and corresponds better with what was said above of their being put to flight. There is more difficulty in the second part of the verse, some reading, it was white in Salmon; that is, the Church of God presented a fair and beautiful appearance. Or the verb may be viewed as in the second person — Thou, O God! Didst make it fair and white as mount Salmon (26) with snows The reader may adopt either construction, for the meaning is the same. It is evident that David insists still upon the figure of the whiteness of silver, which he had previously introduced. The country had, as it were, been blackened or sullied by the hostile confusions into which it was thrown, and he says that it had now recovered its fair appearance, and resembled Salmon, which is well known to have been ordinarily covered with snows. (27) Others think that Salmon is not the name of a place, but an appellative, meaning a dark shade. (28) I would retain the commonly received reading. At the same time, I think that there may have been an allusion to the etymology. It comes from the word צלם , tselem, signifying a shade, and mount Salmon had been so called on account of its blackness. (29) This makes the comparison more striking; for it intimates, that as the snows whitened this black mountain, so the country had resumed its former beauty, and put on an aspect of joy, when God dispelled the darkness which had lain upon it during the oppression of enemies. (30) (26) Salmon is the name of a mountain in Samaria, in the tribe of Ephraim, ( Judges 9:48 ,) white with perpetual snow. (27) Carrieres, in his paraphrase, has, “You became white as snow on mount Salmon.” “We certainly think,” says the author of the Illustrated Commentary upon the Bible, “that Carrieres has seized the right idea. The intention evidently is, to describe by a figure the honor and prosperity the Hebrews acquired by the defeat of their enemies, and to express this by whiteness, and superlatively by the whiteness of snow. Nothing can be more usual in Persia, for instance, than for a person to say, under an influx of prosperity or honor, or on receiving happy intelligence, ‘My face is made white;’ or gratefully, in return for a favor or compliment, ‘You have made my face white;’ so also, ‘His face is whitened,’ expresses the sense which is entertained of the happiness or favor which has before been received. Such a figurative use of the idea of whiteness does, we imagine, furnish the best explanation of the present and some other texts of Scripture.” (28) Instead of “in Salmon,” the Targum has, “in the shade of death;” and Boothroyd has, “The Almighty having scattered these kings, hath by this turned death-shade to splendor.” Walford gives a similar version, and explains the meaning to be, “Though you have been in bondage and the darkness of a dejected condition, you are now illuminated with the splendor of victory and prosperity.” (29) That is, it was so called from the dark shade produced by its trees. (30) “ Que comme les neiges font blanchir ceste montagne, laquelle de soy est obscure et noire, ainsi quand il a pleu a Dieu d’oster l’obscurite qu’apportoit l’affliction des ennemis, lors on a veu la terre reluire d’un lustre naif, et par maniere de dire, porter une face joyeuse .” — Fr . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-15" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
14. **전능자가 거기에서 왕들을 흩으실 때에.** '펼쳤다' 혹은 '왕들을 나누었다'로 읽을 수도 있는데, 그러면 그들을 개선 행진으로 이끌었다는 것을 암시할 것이다. 그러나 다른 번역이 더 낫고, 위에서 그들이 도망친다고 말한 것과 더 잘 일치한다. 이 절의 두 번째 부분에는 더 많은 어려움이 있다. 어떤 이들은 '살몬에서 희었도다'로 읽는데, 즉 하나님의 교회가 공정하고 아름다운 모습을 나타냈다는 것이다. 혹은 동사를 2인칭으로 보아 '하나님이여, 주께서 그것을 눈처럼 살몬 산처럼 공정하고 희게 하셨다'로 읽을 수 있다. 어느 구성을 채택해도 의미는 같다. 다윗이 이전에 도입했던 은의 흰빛 비유를 계속 주장함이 분명하다. 나라가 말하자면, 그것이 던져진 적대적 혼란으로 검게 됐거나 더럽혀졌는데, 이제 공정한 모습을 회복하여 눈으로 보통 뒤덮였다고 잘 알려진 살몬 산과 닮게 되었다고 말한다. 어떤 이들은 살몬이 지명이 아니라 어두운 그늘을 의미하는 보통 명사라고 생각한다. 나는 일반적으로 받아들여지는 번역을 유지하겠다. 동시에 어원에 대한 암시가 있었을 수 있다고 생각한다. 그늘을 의미하는 '첼렘'이라는 단어에서 왔으며, 살몬 산은 그 검음 때문에 그렇게 불렸다. 이는 비교를 더 인상적으로 만든다. 눈이 이 검은 산을 희게 하듯이, 그 나라가 하나님이 원수들의 억압 동안 그것 위에 누웠던 어둠을 쫓아내실 때 이전 아름다움을 회복하고 기쁨의 모습을 띠게 되었음을 암시하기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-14-14(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
15절 카드 ↗
15. The hill of God, the hill of Bashan Here he adverts to the spring and source of all the kindness which God had shown, this being the circumstance that he had chosen mount Zion as the place of his palace and temple, whence all blessings should go out to the nation. A Divine declaration to that effect had been made to David, and this pre-eminence and dignity conferred upon mount Zion is very properly adduced as a proof of his being king, lawfully and by Divine appointment; for there was an inseparable connection between God’s dwelling upon that mountain, and David’s sitting upon the throne to govern the people. The words of the verse admit of two senses. We may suppose that the mountain of God is compared to mount Bashan as being like it, or we may understand that it is opposed to it. The first is the sense adopted almost by all interpreters, that while Bashan was famed for its fertility, Zion excelled it. It is of little importance which we prefer; but perhaps the distinction would be brought out as well were we to construe the words the hill of God by themselves, and consider that Bashan with its boasted height is afterwards ordered to yield precedence, as if David would say, that there was but one mountain which God had consecrated to himself by an irrevocable decree, and that though Bashan was renowned for height and fertility, it must rank with other mountains, which might in vain exalt themselves to an equality with Zion, honored as the chosen residence of God. If we read the verse differently, and consider it as applying to mount Zion throughout, then the Psalmist extols it as high and illustrious, and this because there emanated from it the Divine favor, which distinguished the Jews from every other nation. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-16" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
15. **하나님의 산은 바산의 산이요.** 여기서 그는 하나님이 나타내신 모든 친절함의 원천과 근거에 주목한다. 이것은 그가 시온 산을 모든 복이 그 나라로 나아가야 할 그의 궁전과 성전의 자리로 선택하셨다는 사정이다. 그 효과에 대한 신적 선언이 다윗에게 이루어졌으며, 이 탁월함과 위엄이 시온 산에 부여된 것은 그가 합법적으로 그리고 신적 임명으로 왕임을 증거하는 것으로서 매우 적절하게 제시된다. 하나님이 그 산에 거하심과 다윗이 백성을 다스리기 위해 보좌에 앉음 사이에 불가분의 연결이 있기 때문이다. 이 절의 말씀들은 두 가지 의미로 취할 수 있다. 하나님의 산이 바산 산에 비교되어 그것과 같다고 가정할 수 있고, 혹은 그것이 대립된다고 이해할 수 있다. 첫 번째가 거의 모든 해석자들이 채택한 의미인데, 바산이 비옥함으로 유명했지만 시온이 그것을 능가했다는 것이다. 어느 것을 선호하든 크게 중요하지 않다. 그러나 아마도 '하나님의 산'이라는 말을 단독으로 구성하고, 그 자랑스러운 높이를 지닌 바산이 나중에 우선권을 양보하라는 명령을 받는 것으로 본다면 구분이 잘 드러날 것이다. 다윗이 말하려는 것은, 하나님이 취소할 수 없는 칙령으로 자신에게 성별한 산은 오직 하나뿐이며, 바산이 높이와 비옥함으로 유명하지만 하나님의 선택된 거처로 영예를 받는 시온과의 동등함에 이르려고 헛되이 자신을 높이는 다른 산들과 같은 위치에 있어야 한다는 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-15-15(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
16절 카드 ↗
16. Why leap ye, (32) ye high hills? In this verse there is no obscurity or ambiguity. David having said that there was only one mountain in all the world which God had chosen, calls upon the highest hills to yield it the pre-eminency. As he repeats in the plural number what had been said immediately before of Bashan, this leads me to think that he intended first to oppose that mountain, and then all other high mountains generally, to Zion. (33) Mountains are here to be understood figuratively, and the great truth conveyed is, that the kingdom of Christ, which God had begun to shadow forth in the person of David, far excels all that is reckoned glorious by the world. The reproof which the Psalmist administers, in order to humble the proud boasting of the world, is justified by that contempt which we know that carnal and ungodly persons entertain of Christ’s kingdom, devoted as they are to their own pleasures or wealth, and unable to appreciate spiritual blessings. The lesson will be felt to be the more useful and necessary, if we consider that this vain pride of man rises to an additional height, when the slightest occasion is afforded for its exercise. When we see those indulging it who have no grounds to do so, we need not wonder at the arrogance of such as are possessed of wealth and influence. But the Lord’s people may afford to leave them to their self-complacency, resting satisfied with the privilege of knowing that God has chosen to take up his habitation in the midst of them. They have no reason to repine at their lot so long as they have union with God, the only and the sufficient source of their happiness. (32) The word here rendered leap ye “occurs only here,” observes Hammond, “and is by guess rendered to leap , or lift up , or exalt one’s self; but may best be interpreted, not leap as an expression of joy, but lift up , or exalt yourselves, as an effect of pride;” and he understands the meaning to be, Why do ye lift up or exalt yourselves, ye high hills, God not having chosen any of the highest hills to build his temple on, but the hill of Zion, of a very moderate size, lower than the hill of Hermon, and at the foot of it, ( Psalms 133:3 .) Some Jewish commentators, founding their opinion on the cognate Arabic word רצר , would render it, to look after This gives the same sense. What look ye for? what expect ye, ye high hills, to be done to you? Ye are not those which God has chosen to beautify with his glorious presence, but mount Zion is the object of his choice. Aquila and Jerome read, “Why contend ye?” Dr Chandler renders it, “Why look askance?” i e . , “with jealous leer malign,” as Milton expresses it. “Why are ye jealous?” Horsley, following Jerome, has, “For what would ye contend?” (33) “The Psalmist,” says Horsley, “having settled the Israelites between their hills, proceeds to the circumstance of God’s choice of a hill for the site of his temple. He poetically imagines the different hills as all ambitious of the honor, anxiously waiting God’s decision, and ready to enter into a jealous contention; watching each other with an anxious eye . The lofty hill of Bashan first puts in his claim, pleading his stately height — The hill for God is the hill of Bashan; A hill of lofty brows is the hill of Bashan. The Psalmist cuts short the contention — For what would ye contend, ye hills of lofty brows? This is the hill desired of God for himself to dwell in; Yea, Jehovah will dwell in it for ever.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-17" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
16. **높은 산들아, 어찌하여 뛰느냐?** 이 절에는 모호함이나 불명확함이 없다. 다윗은 온 세상에서 하나님이 선택하신 산이 오직 하나라고 말한 뒤, 가장 높은 산들을 그것에 우선권을 양보하도록 부른다. 그가 방금 바산에 대해 말한 것을 복수로 반복하므로, 그가 먼저 그 산을, 그다음 다른 모든 높은 산들 일반을 시온에 대립시키려 했다고 생각된다. 여기서 산들은 비유적으로 이해해야 하며, 전달되는 큰 진리는 하나님이 다윗의 인격 안에서 그림자로 나타내기 시작했던 그리스도의 나라가, 세상이 영광스럽다고 여기는 모든 것보다 훨씬 탁월하다는 것이다. 시편 기자가 세상의 교만한 자랑을 낮추기 위해 주는 책망은, 자신의 쾌락이나 재물에 헌신하고 영적 복을 감사할 수 없는 육신적이고 불경건한 사람들이 그리스도의 나라에 대해 가지는 경멸로 정당화된다. 이 교훈은 사람의 이 헛된 교만이 행사할 아주 작은 기회라도 생기면 추가적 높이에 이른다는 것을 고려하면 더욱 유용하고 필요하게 느껴질 것이다. 그렇게 할 근거도 없는 자들이 그것을 방종하는 것을 볼 때, 재물과 영향력을 가진 자들의 오만함에 놀랄 필요가 없다. 그러나 주의 백성은 하나님이 그들 가운데 거처를 잡기로 선택하셨다는 것을 아는 특권에 안주하며, 스스로 만족하는 자들에게 자만에 자족하도록 내버려 둘 여유가 있다. 그들의 행복의 유일하고 충분한 원천인 하나님과의 연합이 있는 한 그들의 처지를 원망할 이유가 없다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-16-16(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
17절 카드 ↗
17. The chariots of God are twenty thousand thousands of angels. (34) For the most part, we are apt to undervalue the Divine presence, and therefore David presents us with a description fitted to exalt our thoughts of it. Owing to our unbelieving hearts, the least danger which occurs in the world weighs more with us than the power of God. We tremble under the slightest trials; for we forget or cherish low views of his omnipotence. To preserve us from this error, David directs us to the countless myriads of angels which are at his command, — a circumstance, the consideration of which may well enable us to defy the evils which beset us. Twenty thousand are spoken of; but it is a number designed to intimate to us that the armies of the living God, which he commissions for our help, are innumerable; and surely this should comfort us under the deadliest afflictions of this life. In adding that the Lord is among them, the Psalmist is still to be considered as designing to give us an exalted view of what is included in God’s presence; for the words suggest that he can no more divest himself of his existence than not have this power whereby angels are subordinated to his will. Another idea suggested is, that one God is better than a universe of angels. The great distance to which we are apt to conceive God as removed from us is one circumstance which tries our faith, and in order to obviate this, the Psalmist reminds us of Sinai, where there was a display of his majesty. The inference was conclusive that he still abode in the sanctuary. For why did God appear upon that occasion in such a glorious manner? Evidently to show that his covenant formed a sacred bond of union between him and the posterity of Abraham. Hence the words of Moses — “Say not in thine heart, Who shall go up into heaven? or who shall descend into the deep? or who shall go over the sea? For the word is nigh unto thee,” etc. ( Deuteronomy 30:12 .) Sinai accordingly is mentioned by David, to teach us that if we would fortify our minds with a firm faith in the Divine presence, we must derive it from the Law and the Prophets. (34) The words אלפי שנאן , alphey shinan , which Calvin renders “thousands of angels,” are literally “thousands of repetition;” the noun שנאן , shanan , being derived from שנה , shanah , he repeated or reiterated Accordingly, the reading which many prefer is, “The chariots of God are twenty thousand thousands multiplied or reiterated.” Hammond, who adopts this translation, observes, that “though angels are not mentioned, they are to be understood, as Judges 1:14 , μυριάδες ἁγίαι , holy myriads . ” Horsley reads, “Twenty thousand thousand of thousands is the cavalry of God.” “The cavalry of God,” says he, “is every thing in nature which he employs as the instruments or vehicles of his power. The image, which some would introduce here of God riding in a car drawn by angels, I cannot admire; nor do I think that it is really to be found in any passage of Scripture rightly understood.” But God, though not here represented as riding on a car drawn by angels, is undoubtedly, in the most magnificent style of Eastern poetry, represented as riding on his exalted car, attended by legions of angels, mounted also on cars. Comp. Deuteronomy 32:3 , and 2 Kings 6:16 . French and Skinner give a different view of the passage, which brings out a very good sense — “God hath been to them [the Israelites] twice ten thousand chariots, Even thousand of thousands.” Chariots were much used in war by the nations of antiquity; and the chosen people were forbidden to use chariots and horses in war; but God was to them as effectual a safe-guard as innumerable war-chariots would have been. He was “the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof,” 2 Kings 2:12 . Comp. Psalms 20:7 . And in his protection and aid they were to trust. “When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the Lord thy God is with thee, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.” “For the Lord your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies to save you,” ( Deuteronomy 20:1 .) return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-18" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
17. **하나님의 병거가 이만이천이요, 수천만이라.** 대부분 우리는 하나님의 임재를 과소평가하는 경향이 있으므로, 다윗은 우리에게 그것에 대한 우리의 생각을 높이는 데 적합한 묘사를 제시한다. 우리의 불신하는 마음으로 인해, 세상에서 일어나는 가장 작은 위험이 하나님의 능력보다 더 많이 우리를 압도한다. 우리는 가장 작은 시련에서 떤다. 그의 전능하심에 대해 낮은 생각을 품거나 잊기 때문이다. 이 오류에서 우리를 보호하기 위해, 다윗은 그의 명령에 있는 수많은 천사들을 우리에게 향하게 한다. 이 고려가 우리를 괴롭히는 악들을 감히 대적할 수 있게 할 것이다. 이만이 말해지지만, 그것은 우리의 도움을 위해 그가 임명하는 살아있는 하나님의 군대가 무수히 많다는 것을 암시하기 위한 수이다. 이것이 분명히 이 생의 가장 치명적인 고난 아래서 우리를 위로해야 한다. 주가 그들 가운데 계신다고 덧붙임으로써, 시편 기자는 여전히 하나님의 임재 안에 포함된 것의 높은 견해를 우리에게 주려는 것으로 보아야 한다. 그 말씀들은 그가 천사들을 그의 뜻에 복종시키는 이 권능을 가지지 않는 것만큼 자신의 존재를 박탈할 수 없음을 암시하기 때문이다. 제안된 또 다른 생각은, 하나의 하나님이 천사들의 우주보다 낫다는 것이다. 우리가 하나님이 멀리 제거되어 있다고 생각하기 쉽다는 큰 거리가 우리의 믿음을 시험하는 한 사정이다. 이를 극복하기 위해, 시편 기자는 그의 위엄의 표시가 있었던 시내산을 상기시킨다. 그가 여전히 성소에 거하셨다는 추론은 결정적이다. 왜 하나님이 그토록 영광스러운 방식으로 그 때에 나타나셨는가? 분명히 그의 언약이 그와 아브라함의 후손 사이에 거룩한 연합의 띠를 이루었음을 보여주기 위함이었다. 따라서 모세의 말씀들 — "네 마음에 가로되 누가 하늘에 올라가겠느냐 하지 말며... 그 말씀이 네게 매우 가까이 있어"(신명기 30장 12절) — 이 있다. 따라서 시내산이 다윗에 의해 언급되는데, 우리가 하나님의 임재에 대한 확고한 믿음으로 우리 마음을 강화하려면, 그것을 율법과 선지자들에서 이끌어내야 함을 가르치기 위함이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-17-17(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
18절 카드 ↗
18. Thou hast ascended on high, thou hast led captivity captive There can be little doubt that these words are intended to magnify the proofs of Divine favor granted upon the elevation of David to the throne, by contrasting the state of matters with that under Saul. The ascending on high implies the being previously low, and intimates, that under the melancholy confusions which had prevailed in the kingdom, there was no longer the same conspicuous display of the Divine glory as formerly. The government of Saul, which, from the first, had originated in a way that was condemnable, was doomed to fall under the displeasure of God, while his favor, on the other hand, was to be restored under David; and the undeniable appearances of this left no room for doubt that one who began his reign under such auspices was the object of the Divine choice. David, although he had acquitted himself with courage in the battles which were fought, ascribes all the glory of them to God, saying, that it was he who had taken captive the enemy, and forced them to pay tribute, and reduced the more fierce and rebellious to subjection. By the term סוררים sorerim, rebellious, contumacious, or revolters, he would evidently seem to mean a distinct class of persons from the other enemies, whom he mentions as having been taken captive; and it intimates, that while those who did not venture to resist, and who surrendered, had been brought under the yoke, the more proud and unyielding had been forced into submission. The end designed by this is stated in the words which follow, that God might dwell in the midst of his people; and that he might demonstrate himself to be an all-sufficient protector to those who put their trust in him. As the passage which we have now been considering is applied by Paul in a more spiritual sense to Christ, ( Ephesians 4:8 ,) it may be necessary to show how this agrees with the meaning and scope of the Psalmist. It may be laid down as an incontrovertible truth, that David, in reigning over God’s ancient people, shadowed forth the beginning of Christ’s eternal kingdom. This must appear evident to every one who remembers the promise made to him of a never-failing succession, and which received its verification in the person of Christ. As God illustrated his power in David, by exalting him with the view of delivering his people, so has he magnified his name in his only begotten Son. But let us consider more particularly how the parallel holds. Christ, before he was exalted, emptied himself of his glory, having not merely assumed the form of a servant, but humbled himself to the death of the cross. To show how exactly the figure was fulfilled, Paul notices, that what David had foretold was accomplished in the person of Christ, by his being cast down to the lowest parts of the earth in the reproach and ignominy to which he was subjected, before he ascended to the right hand of his Father, ( Psalms 22:7 .) That in thinking upon the ascension, we might not confine our views to the body of Christ, our attention is called to the result and fruit of it, in his subjecting heaven and earth to his government. Those who were formerly his inveterate enemies he compelled to submission and made tributary — this being the effect of the word of the Gospel, to lead men to renounce their pride and their obstinacy, to bring down every high thought which exalteth itself, and reduce the senses and the affections of men to obedience unto Christ. As to the devils and reprobate men who are instigated to rebellion and revolt by obstinate malice, he holds them bound by a secret control, and prevents them from executing intended destruction. So far the parallel is complete. Nor when Paul speaks of Christ having given gifts to men, is there any real inconsistency with what is here stated, although he has altered the words, having followed the Greek version in accommodation to the unlearned reader. (39) It was not himself that God enriched with the spoils of the enemy, but his people; and neither did Christ seek or need to seek his own advancement, but made his enemies tributary, that he might adorn his Church with the spoil. From the close union subsisting between the head and members, to say that God manifest in the flesh received gifts from the captives, is one and the same thing with saying that he distributed them to his Church. What is said in the close of the verse is no less applicable to Christ — that he obtained his victories that as God he might dwell among us. Although he departed, it was not that he might remove to a distance from us, but, as Paul says, “that he might fill all things,” ( Ephesians 4:10 .) By his ascension to heaven, the glory of his divinity has been only more illustriously displayed, and though no longer present with us in the flesh, our souls receive spiritual nourishment from his body and blood, and we find, notwithstanding distance of place, that his flesh is meat indeed, and his blood drink indeed. (39) Paul’s words are not exactly those of the Septuagint, the present reading of which is, ἔλαβες δοματα ἐν ἀνθρώπω , “Thou hast received gifts for man;” while Paul’s words are, ἔδωκε δόματα τοῖς ἀνθρώποις But Bloomfield thinks that ἐν ἀςθρώπω in the Septuagint is a corruption for ἐπ᾿ ἀνθρώποις ; and that Paul read in that version ἔλαθες δοματα ἐπ᾿ ανθρώποις , which is the true sense of the Hebrew words, being no other than this, “Thou hast received gifts on account of men;” i e . , to give to men. Paul, therefore, might say ἔδωκε instead of ἔλαθες ἐπι, to make the sense plainer; as also does the Chaldee Paraphrast, and the Syriac and Arabic translators. Paul’s words are evidently not intended to be a regular quotation, as appears from his changing the second person into the third. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
18. **주께서 높은 곳으로 오르시며, 사로잡은 자들을 끌고 가셨나이다.** 이 말씀들이 다윗이 왕좌에 오름에 있어 허락된 하나님의 은총의 증거들을 사울 시대의 상태와 대조함으로써 높이려는 의도임은 의심할 여지가 없다. 높은 곳으로 오름은 이전에 낮았음을 암시하며, 나라에 만연했던 슬픈 혼란 아래서 이전에 있었던 것과 같은 하나님의 영광의 현저한 나타남이 더 이상 없었음을 암시한다. 처음부터 책망받을 방식으로 유래한 사울의 통치는 하나님의 진노 아래 무너지도록 정해졌지만, 반면 그의 은총은 다윗 아래서 회복되도록 되어 있었다. 이것의 부인할 수 없는 나타남들은, 그런 전조 아래 통치를 시작한 자가 하나님의 선택의 대상이었음을 의심할 여지가 없었다. 다윗은 싸웠던 전쟁들에서 용기 있게 자신을 드러냈음에도, 그것들의 모든 영광을 하나님께 돌리며, 그분이 원수들을 사로잡고 조공을 바치도록 강요하여 더 사납고 반항적인 자들을 복종시키셨다고 말한다. '소레림' 즉 '반항하는, 완고한, 혹은 이탈한 자들'이라는 용어로, 그는 분명히 앞에서 포로로 잡혔다고 언급된 다른 원수들과 구별되는 별개의 계층을 의미하려 한다. 저항하지 않고 항복한 자들은 멍에 아래 놓인 반면, 더 교만하고 굴복하지 않는 자들은 어쩔 수 없이 복종하게 되었다는 것을 암시한다. 이의 목적은 이어지는 말씀들에 진술된다. 하나님이 그의 백성 가운데 거하실 수 있도록, 그리고 자신을 신뢰하는 자들에게 모든 충분한 보호자임을 나타내시도록 하기 위함이다. 지금까지 고찰한 구절이 바울에 의해 그리스도에게 더 영적인 의미로 적용되므로(에베소서 4장 8절), 이것이 시편 기자의 의미와 의도와 어떻게 일치하는지를 보여주는 것이 필요할 수 있다. 다윗이 하나님의 고대 백성을 다스림에 있어 그리스도의 영원한 나라의 시작을 그림자로 나타냈다는 것은 논쟁의 여지없는 진리로 놓을 수 있다. 그에게 결코 끊이지 않는 계승을 약속했고, 그리스도의 인격 안에서 검증을 받은 약속을 기억하는 모든 이에게 이것이 분명해야 한다. 하나님이 그의 백성을 구원하기 위해 다윗을 높이심으로써 그 안에서 그의 권능을 예시하신 것처럼, 그분은 그의 독생자 안에서 그의 이름을 높이셨다. 그러나 그 병행이 어떻게 성립되는지 더 특별히 살펴보자. 그리스도는 높임 받기 전에 자신의 영광을 비우셨는데, 단지 종의 형체를 취하셨을 뿐만 아니라 십자가의 죽음까지 자신을 낮추셨다. 그 형상이 얼마나 정확히 성취되었는지를 보여주기 위해, 바울은 다윗이 예언했던 것이 그가 그의 아버지의 우편에 오르기 전에 그가 당한 수치와 치욕으로 땅의 가장 낮은 부분들로 던져짐으로써 그리스도의 인격 안에서 성취되었음을 주목한다(시편 22편 7절). 그리스도의 승천을 생각할 때 우리의 시야를 그의 몸에 한정하지 않도록, 하늘과 땅을 그의 통치에 복종시키심에서 그 결과와 열매에 우리의 주의가 향한다. 이전에 그의 완고한 원수들이었던 자들을 복종시키고 조공을 바치도록 만들었는데, 이것이 복음의 말씀의 효과로서, 사람들이 그들의 교만과 완고함을 버리고 자신을 높이는 모든 높은 생각들을 낮추며, 사람들의 감각과 감정을 그리스도에 대한 순종으로 이끈다. 완고한 악의로 반항과 이탈로 격동되는 마귀들과 버림받은 사람들에 대해서는, 그는 비밀스러운 통제로 그들을 묶어 의도된 파멸을 실행하는 것을 방해한다. 여기까지 병행이 완전하다. 바울이 그리스도가 사람들에게 선물을 주셨다고 말할 때도, 그리스어 번역을 따라 무식한 독자에게 맞추어 말씀들을 변경했음에도, 여기서 진술된 것과 어떤 실질적 불일치가 없다. 하나님이 원수의 전리품으로 풍요롭게 하신 것은 그 자신이 아니라 그의 백성이었다. 그리스도도 자신의 진보를 추구하거나 추구할 필요가 없었으며, 그의 원수들을 조공 바치게 한 것은 교회를 전리품으로 장식하기 위함이었다. 머리와 지체들 사이에 존재하는 긴밀한 연합에서, 육신 안에 나타나신 하나님이 포로들에게서 선물을 받으셨다고 말하는 것은 그분이 그것들을 교회에 나누어 주셨다고 말하는 것과 동일하다. 이 절 마지막에 말씀된 것은 그리스도에게도 마찬가지로 적용된다. 즉 그분은 하나님으로서 우리 가운데 거하시기 위해 승리를 거두셨다. 비록 그분이 떠나셨어도, 그것은 우리에게서 멀리 물러가기 위함이 아니라, 바울이 말하듯 "만물을 충만하게 하려" 하기 위함이었다(에베소서 4장 10절). 하늘에 오르심으로 그의 신성의 영광이 더 빛나게 나타났을 뿐이며, 비록 더 이상 육신으로 우리와 함께하시지 않지만, 우리의 영혼들은 그의 몸과 피에서 영적 양육을 받으며, 장소의 거리에도 불구하고 그의 살이 참된 음식이요 그의 피가 참된 음료임을 발견한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-18-18(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
19절 카드 ↗
19. Blessed be the Lord, etc. David would have us to understand, that in recounting the more particular deliverances which God had wrought, he did not mean to draw our minds away from the fact, that the Church is constantly and at all times indebted for its safety to the Divine care and protection. He adds, Blessed be God daily And he intimates, that deliverances might be expected from him with great abundance of every blessing. Some read, he will load, others, he will carry; (40) but it is of little importance which reading we adopt. He points at the fact, that God extends continued proofs of his kindness to his people, and is unwearied in renewing the instances of it. I read this Lord in the second part of the verse, for the letter ה , he , prefixed in the Hebrew, has often the force of a demonstrative pronoun; and he would point out, as it were with the finger, that God in whom their confidence ought to be placed. So in the next verse, which may be read, this our God is the God of salvation What is here said coincides with the scope of what immediately precedes, and is meant to convey the truth that God protects his Church and people constantly. In saying this God, he administers a check to the tendency in men to have their minds diverted from the one living and true God. The salvation of God is set before the view of all men without exception, but is very properly represented here as something peculiar to the elect, that they may recognize themselves as continually indebted to his preserving care, unlike the wicked, who pervert that which might have proved life into destruction, through their unthankfulness. The Hebrew word in the 20 th verse is salvations, in the plural number, to convince us that when death may threaten us in ever so many various forms, God can easily devise the necessary means of preservation, and that we should trust to experience the same mercy again which has been extended to us once. The latter clause of the verse bears the same meaning, where it is said, that to the Lord belong the issues of death Some read, the issues unto death, (41) supposing that the reference is to the ease with which God can avenge and destroy his enemies; but this appears a constrained interpretation. The more natural meaning obviously is, that God has very singular ways, unknown to us, of delivering his people from destruction. (42) He points at a peculiarity in the manner of the Divine deliverances, that God does not generally avert death from his people altogether, but allows them to fall in some measure under its power, and afterwards unexpectedly rescues them from it. This is a truth particularly worthy of our notice, as teaching us to beware of judging by sense in the matter of Divine deliverances. However deep we may have sunk in trouble, it becomes us to trust the power of God, who claims it as his peculiar work to open up a way where man can see none. (40) “The word עמם , amas , which we translate to load , signifies to lift , bear up , support , or, to bear a burden for another Hence it would not be going far from the ideal meaning to translate, ‘Blessed be the Lord, day by day, who bears our burthens for us.’” — Dr Adam Clarke Boothroyd, on the contrary, asserts, that “as an active verb it signifies ‘to load, to lay a burthen on another,’ but in no instance to bear or support one, 1 Kings 12:2 .” (41) The Septuagint has, Τοῦ Κυρίου διέξοδοι τοῦ θανάτου , “To the Lord belong the passages of death,” expressing the ways by which death goes out upon men to destroy them. The Vulgate has, “ exitus mortus ,” “the goings out of death;” and the Chaldee Paraphrast, “From before the Lord, death, and the going out of the soul to suffocation, do contend or fight against the wicked.” Hammond follows the LXX. He observed, that the original words “must literally be rendered goings forth to death , and must signify the several plagues and judgments inflicted by God on impenitent enemies, the ways of punishing and destroying the Egyptians and Canaanites, drowning in the sea, killing by the sword, infesting by hornets, etc.; and these are properly to be attributed and imputed to God, as the deliverances of the Israelites, his people, in the former part of the verse; and to this sense the consequents incline, verse 21, ‘Even God shall wound.’ Horsley reads the verse, “He that is our God is a God of salvation, And for death are the goings forth of the Lord Jehovah; “ i . e . ,” says he, “When Jehovah takes the field, deadly is the battle to his enemies.” (42) Agreeably to this, Hewlett observes, that the “ issues of death mean the many providential escapes and deliverances from death;” and Boothroyd reads, “For to Jehovah we owe our escapes from death.” The Syriac version has, — “The Lord God is the Lord of death and of escaping.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-21" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
19. **날마다 우리 짐을 지시는 주를 찬송할지로다.** 다윗은 하나님이 행하신 더 특별한 구원들을 열거할 때, 교회가 끊임없이 항상 하나님의 돌봄과 보호에 안전을 빚졌다는 사실에서 우리의 마음을 돌려놓으려는 것이 아님을 우리가 이해하기를 원한다. 그는 '하나님을 날마다 찬송하라'고 덧붙인다. 그리고 모든 복의 풍성함으로 그분에게서 구원들을 기대할 수 있다고 암시한다. 어떤 이들은 '그분이 짐을 지신다'로, 다른 이들은 '그분이 짐을 가지고 가신다'로 읽는다. 어느 번역을 채택하든 크게 중요하지 않다. 그분이 그의 백성에게 계속된 친절함의 증거를 미치시고 그것을 새롭게 하는 데 지치지 않으신다는 사실을 지적한다. 이 절의 두 번째 부분에서 '이 주'로 읽는데, 히브리어에서 접두된 문자 '헤'는 종종 지시 대명사의 힘을 가지기 때문이다. 그는 말하자면 그들의 신뢰가 놓여야 할 하나님을 손가락으로 가리키는 것이다. 다음 절도 마찬가지로 '이 우리 하나님은 구원의 하나님이시다'로 읽을 수 있다. 여기서 말씀된 것은 바로 앞에 있는 것의 의도와 일치하며, 하나님이 그의 교회와 백성을 끊임없이 보호하신다는 진리를 전달하려는 것이다. '이 하나님'이라고 말함으로써, 그는 사람들의 마음이 유일하시고 참되신 하나님에게서 분산되려는 경향을 억제한다. 하나님의 구원은 예외 없이 모든 사람에게 제시되지만, 여기서 택함 받은 자들에게 특별한 것으로 표현하는 것은 매우 적절하다. 그들이 불신자들과 달리, 자신들이 그의 보전하는 돌봄에 끊임없이 빚진 것으로 인식하도록 하기 위함이다. 불신자들은 생명이 되었을 수 있는 것을 감사함 없음으로 파멸로 전환시킨다. 20절의 히브리어 단어는 구원들로 복수인데, 죽음이 아무리 다양한 형태로 우리를 위협할지라도 하나님이 보전을 위한 필요한 수단을 쉽게 고안하실 수 있으며, 우리가 한 번 미쳤던 같은 자비를 다시 경험할 것이라 믿어야 함을 우리에게 확신시키기 위함이다. 이 절의 마지막 절도 같은 의미를 지니는데, 거기서 죽음의 출구들이 주께 속한다고 말한다. 어떤 이들은 '죽음으로의 출구들'로 읽으며, 그 언급이 하나님이 그의 원수들을 보복하고 파멸시킬 수 있는 용이함을 가리킨다고 가정한다. 그러나 이것은 억지로 해석하는 것 같다. 더 자연스러운 의미는 분명히, 하나님이 그의 백성을 파멸에서 구원하는 우리에게 알려지지 않은 매우 특별한 방법들을 가지고 계신다는 것이다. 그는 신적 구원들의 방식에서의 특수성을 지적한다. 즉 하나님이 일반적으로 죽음을 그의 백성에게서 완전히 막지는 않고, 어느 정도 그의 권능 아래 빠지도록 허용하셨다가 그 이후 예상치 못하게 그것에서 구하신다는 것이다. 이것은 우리에게 하나님의 구원 문제를 감각으로 판단하는 것을 경계하도록 가르치는 특별히 우리의 주목을 받을 만한 진리이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-19-19(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
21절 카드 ↗
21. Surely God shall wound, etc. The enemies of the Church are fierce and formidable, and it is impossible that she can be preserved from their continued assaults, without a vigorous protection being extended. To persuade us that she enjoys such a defense, David represents God as armed with dreadful power for the overthrow of the ungodly. The verse stands connected as to scope with the preceding, and we might render the Hebrew particle אך , ach, by wherefore, or on which account; but it seems better to consider it as expressing simple affirmation. We are to notice the circumstance, that God counts all those his enemies who unjustly persecute the righteous, and thus assures us of his being always ready to interpose for our defense. The concern he feels in our preservation is forcibly conveyed by the expressions which follow, that he will wound the head of his enemies, and the crown of their hair; (43) intimating, that he will inflict a deadly and incurable wound upon such as harass his Church. This is still more strikingly brought out in what is added immediately afterwards, when God is described as wading through destruction. (43) Bishops Hare and Horsley suppose that there is here an allusion to the usage of the people in those Arabian regions, who nourished their hair on the crown of their head, that by their unshorn heads and shaggy hair they might appear more fierce. “The expressions, ‘the head,’ and ‘the hairy crown,’” observes Bishop Horne, “denote the principal part, the strength, the pride, and the glory of the adversary which was to be crushed;” and Roberts, in his Oriental Illustrations, observes, that “this language, ‘ wounding the crown of the hair , ’ still used in the East, is equivalent to saying, ‘I will kill you.’” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-22" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
21. **오직 하나님은 원수들의 머리를 치시리니.** 교회의 원수들은 사납고 강력하며, 계속되는 그들의 공격에서 교회가 보전될 수 없다. 활기찬 보호가 미치지 않는다면. 그녀가 그러한 방어를 누린다는 것을 우리에게 설득하기 위해, 다윗은 하나님이 불경건한 자들을 넘어뜨리는 두려운 권능으로 무장하셨다고 표현한다. 이 절은 의도에 있어서 앞의 것과 연결되어 있으며, 히브리어 조사 '아크'를 '그러므로' 혹은 '그 이유로'로 번역할 수 있다. 그러나 단순한 긍정을 표현하는 것으로 보는 것이 더 나을 것 같다. 하나님이 불의하게 의인들을 핍박하는 모든 자들을 그의 원수들로 여기시고, 이로써 우리의 변호를 위해 항상 개입하실 준비가 되어 있음을 우리에게 보장하신다는 사정을 주목해야 한다. 우리의 보전에서 그가 느끼는 관심은 이어지는 표현들로 강력하게 전달된다. 그분이 그의 원수들의 머리와 털이 많은 머리꼭대기를 상하게 하실 것이라고. 이것은 그의 교회를 괴롭히는 자들에게 치명적이고 치유할 수 없는 상처를 입히실 것임을 암시한다. 이것은 하나님이 파멸을 헤쳐가시는 것으로 묘사될 때 바로 이어지는 것에서 더욱 충격적으로 드러난다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-21-21(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
22절 카드 ↗
22. The Lord said, I will bring back from Bashan. That the Israelites might not be led to take an irreligious and self-glorious view of their victories; that they might look to God as the author of them; and rest assured of his protection in time to come, David sends them back to the first periods of their history, and reminds them how their fathers had been originally brought by the victorious hand of God out of the lowest depths of trouble. He would have them argue that if God rescued his people at first from giants, and from the depths of the Red Sea, it was not to be imagined that he would desert them in similar dangers, but certain that he would defend them upon every emergency which might occur. The prophets are in the constant habit, as is well known, of illustrating the mercy of God by reference to the history of Israel’s redemption, that the Lord’s people, by looking back to their great original deliverance, might find an argument for expecting interpositions of a future kind. To make the deeper impression, God is introduced speaking himself. In what he says he may be considered as asserting his Divine prerogative of raising the dead to life again, for his people’s passage through the Red Sea, and victory over warlike giants, was a species of resurrection. (44) Some read, I will cause the enemy to fly from Bashan; (45) but this cannot be received, and does not agree with the context, as it follows, I will bring back from the depths of the sea In representing God as bedewed or stained with blood, David does not ascribe to him anything like cruelty, but designs to show the Lord’s people how dear and precious they are in his sight, considering the zeal which he manifests in their defense. We know that David himself was far from being a man of cruel disposition, and that he rejoiced in the destruction of the wicked from the purest and most upright motives, as affording a display of the Divine judgments. That is here ascribed to God which may be asserted equally of his Church or people, for the vengeance with which the wicked are visited is inflicted by their hands. Some read the close of the verse, the tongue of thy dogs in thine enemies, even in him, i.e., the king and chief of them all. This is not the meaning of the Psalmist, which simply is, that the tongues of the dogs would be red with licking blood, such would be the number of dead bodies scattered round. (44) Or, “I will bring again from Bashan,” may be thus explained. I will perform for my people the like wonders which I did in the days of old; I will render them victorious over their proud enemies, as I before enabled them to triumph in the conflict with Og king of Bashan, ( Deuteronomy 3:3 ;) and I will deliver them from the greatest dangers, as I saved them from the Red Sea, by opening up a passage for them through the midst of it. (45) Walford considers the persons here intended, not God’s people, but their enemies. “It is evident,” says he, “from the next verse, that the persons who are here meant are the enemies of God and his people; because the purpose for which they were to be brought was, that his people might completely triumph over them in their utter slaughter and destruction. These, he says, I will bring back from Bashan, and from the abysses of the sea; thus referring to the victories that had been gained over the kings of the Canaanites, and the triumph of Israel at the Red Sea. The design of this declaration is, to express the determination of God to bring forth all his enemies to destruction: be they on the heights of Bashan, or in the profoundest depths of the ocean, they shall not escape; his hand will lay hold upon them, and his power utterly destroy them. In Amos 9:2 , and in Obadiah 1:4 , there are two sublime illustrations of the sentiment that is here delivered.” “Bashan was east of Judea,” says Boothroyd, “and the sea in the west, so that the meaning is, that God would bring his enemies from every quarter to be slain by his people.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-24" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
22. **주께서 말씀하시기를 내가 그들을 바산에서 돌아오게 하며.** 이스라엘인들이 그들의 승리들에 대한 불경건하고 자기를 영광스럽게 하는 견해를 취하지 않도록, 그것들의 저자로서 하나님을 바라보도록, 그리고 미래에 그의 보호를 확신할 수 있도록, 다윗은 그들을 그들의 역사의 첫 시기들로 보내며, 그들의 조상들이 처음에 어떻게 하나님의 승리의 손에 의해 고난의 가장 깊은 곳에서 인도되었는지를 상기시킨다. 그는 하나님이 처음에 그의 백성을 거인들에게서, 그리고 홍해의 깊음에서 구원하셨다면, 비슷한 위험들에서 그들을 버리신다고 상상할 수 없으며, 어떤 긴박한 상황이 발생하든 그들을 방어하실 것이 확실하다고 주장하도록 했을 것이다. 선지자들은 알려진 것처럼, 하나님이 이스라엘의 구속 역사를 언급함으로써 그의 자비를 예시하는 끊임없는 습관이 있다. 주의 백성이 그들의 큰 원래의 구원을 돌아봄으로써 미래의 개입을 기대하는 논거를 찾을 수 있도록 하기 위함이다. 더 깊은 인상을 주기 위해, 하나님이 직접 말씀하시는 것으로 도입된다. 그가 말씀하시는 것에서 그는 죽은 자들을 다시 살릴 그의 신적 특권을 단언하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 홍해를 통한 그의 백성의 통과와 호전적인 거인들에 대한 승리가 일종의 부활이었기 때문이다. 어떤 이들은 '내가 원수를 바산에서 도망하게 하리라'로 읽지만, 이것은 받아들일 수 없고 문맥과도 일치하지 않는다. 이어서 '내가 바다의 깊음에서 돌아오게 하리라'이기 때문이다. 하나님이 피로 물들거나 더럽혀지는 것으로 표현함에 있어, 다윗은 그에게 잔인함 같은 것을 돌리지 않고, 그의 변호에서 나타내는 열심을 고려할 때 그들이 그의 눈에 얼마나 소중하고 귀중한지를 주의 백성에게 보여주려 한다. 우리는 다윗 자신이 잔인한 성향의 사람이 전혀 아니었으며, 가장 순수하고 올바른 동기에서 악인들의 파멸을 기뻐했다는 것을 안다. 하나님의 교회나 백성에 대해 동등하게 단언될 수 있는 것이 여기서 하나님께 돌려지는데, 악인들에게 내려지는 보복이 그들의 손에 의해 집행되기 때문이다. 어떤 이들은 이 절의 마지막을 '원수 중에, 즉 그들 모두의 왕과 우두머리 안에 있는 네 개들의 혀'로 읽는다. 이것이 시편 기자의 의미가 아니며, 그 의미는 단순히 개들의 혀들이 피를 핥으므로 붉게 되리라는 것이다. 그것은 흩어진 사체들의 수가 너무 많을 것이기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-22-22(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
24절 카드 ↗
24. They have seen thy goings, O God! This verse may refer to processions of a warlike kind, or to such as are made in times of peace by those who give thanks for victory. It is customary for the people of God, on occasions of the latter description, to go forth and present peace-offerings in the temple. This has led some to understand by the goings of God, (46) the crowds of his people when they proceed to the temple. But I am disposed to think that God himself is here represented as a king leading and marshalling forth his armies. Accordingly, it is added, in the sanctuary, under which expression there is an apt allusion to the visible symbol of the Divine presence. The great reason why God undertakes the guardianship of his people, and goes before them to repel the attacks of the enemy, is his having promised that he will hear their prayers in the sanctuary. He is therefore described as if he were seen coming out of his holy habitation, that he might conduct his people to victory. David calls him his King, to divert the attention of the people from himself, and lead them to view a name which belonged to a frail mortal man such as he was, in its higher application to the supreme Head of all. He speaks, it is true, in the name of the people, but not to the exclusion of himself. (46) “This doubtless refers to the order of the procession then on its march, and to that of religious processions in general. In the religious and festal processions of the Hindoos there is the same order and classes of performers. The singers, men and women, precede, singing songs appropriate to the occasion; and then the players on instruments follow after.” — Illustrated Commentary upon the Bible . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-25" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
24. **하나님이여, 그들이 주의 행차를 보았나이다.** 이 절은 전쟁 종류의 행진, 혹은 승리로 감사를 드리는 자들이 평화 시에 행하는 행진을 가리킬 수 있다. 하나님의 백성은 후자의 경우에 나와 성전에서 화목제를 드리는 것이 관습이었다. 이로 인해 어떤 이들은 하나님의 행차로, 성전으로 나아가는 그의 백성의 무리를 이해한다. 그러나 나는 하나님 자신이 여기서 군대를 이끌고 정렬하는 왕으로 표현된다고 생각한다. 따라서 '성소에서'가 덧붙여지는데, 이 표현에서 하나님의 임재의 가시적 상징에 대한 적절한 암시가 있다. 하나님이 그의 백성의 보호를 맡으시고 원수의 공격을 막기 위해 그들 앞에 나가시는 큰 이유는, 그가 성소에서 그들의 기도를 들으실 것을 약속하셨기 때문이다. 따라서 그분은 마치 자신의 거룩한 처소에서 나오시는 것처럼 묘사되어 그의 백성을 승리로 인도하신다. 다윗은 그를 자신의 왕이라고 부름으로써, 백성의 주의를 자신에게서 돌려 그처럼 연약한 인간인 그에게 속한 이름을 모든 것의 최고의 머리에 대한 더 높은 적용으로 바라보게 한다. 그는 실로 백성의 이름으로 말하지만, 자기 자신을 배제하지는 않는다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-24-24(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
25절 카드 ↗
25. The singers went before It is evident that he does not now speak of an army in battle array, but of a solemn assembly held for offering up thanksgivings to God for victory. God had openly shown that he was their leader in war, and to him the song of triumph is with propriety addressed. Mention is made of distinct choirs employed in his service, and particularly of such as played upon the timbrel; for, absurd as the practice may appear to us, it was then customary for the women to play upon that instrument. By the fountain (48) from which they are called upon to bless God, some understand the heart, as it is known that those praises which proceed from the lips merely, and are hypocritical, meet with the Divine reprobation. But I conceive the true meaning to be, that all are summoned to praise the Lord who could deduce their origin from the patriarch Jacob. Many might not sustain the character which answered to their high vocation; but, as the whole race had been chosen of God, the Psalmist very properly invites them to engage in this devotional exercise. At the same time, I see nothing objectionable in the opinion, if any persist in preferring it, that the term is here used to distinguish the true saints of God from those who vainly boasted of being the posterity of Abraham, while they had degenerated from his spirit. Those only who walk in the footsteps of his faith are reckoned to be his children. It has caused some surprise that, in a general description of the sacred assemblies of the people, precedence should have been given to the tribe of Benjamin According to certain interpreters, this is owing to the position which it occupied, as being next to David; and honor is put upon the tribes of Zebulun and Naphtali, (49) which, though they lay at a great distance, were in a particular manner friendly and attached to him. Others think that the whole nation is represented under the tribes specified, which were at once the nearest and most distant. (50) These conjectures (51) are probable enough, but the point is one which may be left in uncertainty, as there may have been some other reason, which it is impossible for us to discover. It has been suggested that Benjamin is called little on account of the smallness of its numbers, the tribe having been nearly exterminated for the crime of the men of Gibeah, ( Judges 19:20 ;) but David would not probably have adverted to any reproach of this kind in calling them to take so prominent a part in the praises of God. (52) The inspired writers, in speaking of the tribes, often allude to the patriarchs from whom they respectively took their origin; nor is it surprising that the posterity of Benjamin, who was the youngest of Jacob’s children, (53) should receive the designation here given to them; and the truth is, that even antecedently to the heavy stroke which befell them, they were not numerous. Interpreters, by general consent, have considered that Benjamin is called ruler, as Saul, who was first made king in Israel, belonged to this tribe; but I cannot bring myself to think it probable that David would have made such an unseasonable allusion to Saul’s memory, whose government is everywhere represented in Scripture as pregnant with disaster, and which was to be buried in that of his successor, whose reign is so prominently brought forward in this psalm. The more likely conjecture is, that this title of dignity is applied in order to put honor upon a tribe, which some might despise for its smallness, and to intimate that the Benjamites, though few in numbers, and not possessed of great influence, formed one head in Israel as well as the rest. (54) Others may be disposed to think that there must have been some illustrious individual in this and the two tribes mentioned along with it, or that the whole tribe had signalised itself in a recent battle. Though honorable mention is made of these tribes, yet the chief place in the numbers assembled together at this time is assigned to the princes of Judah. Some think that the copulative is understood, and read, the princes of Judah and their congregation The Hebrew word which we translate congregation is by others translated stoning. (55) But it seems preferable to construe the words as implying that this tribe presided over the assembly which marched under its auspices in war. The power of summoning the people together is thus asserted as belonging to Judah, and it is represented as honored with the government and primacy of the kingdom. (48) “A metaphor denoting the posterity of Israel, springing, as it were, from a common source or fountain.” — Mant Bishop Hare’s conjectural emendation gives a good sense; but it seems unnecessary. Instead of ממקור , mimmekor , he proposes to read מקור , mekor ; and then the passage would run thus: — “The fount whence blessings spring to Israel’s race.” Horsley reads, “The Lord of the stock of Israel;” and explains it of the Messiah, who was of the stock of Israel according to the flesh. Fry conceives that the reading more strictly may be, “ from the quarry of Israel ; dug, as it were, from this pit, hewn from this rock. See Isaiah 51:1 .” “They blessed Elohim in the congregations, The Lord from the stock of Israel, (or from the quarry of Israel.)” (49) Zebulun and Naphtali were in Galilee, divided from the country of the half-tribe of Manasseh; the former by the Jordan, the latter by the Lake of Gennesareth. (50) Why these tribes in particular? May it be, Judah (having, instead of Reuben, succeeded to the blessing which conveyed the privilege of having the Chief Ruler and Messiah of his line) and Benjamin ( צעיר ) the youngest? or Judah and Benjamin, as two of the tribes most southern and nearest to Jerusalem; and Zebulun and Naphtali, as two of the most northern and most remote? as another way of expressing ‘from Dan to Beersheba,’ to include them all.” — Dr Lowth (51) Of other conjectures the following are a specimen: “As for Zebulun and Naphtali, why their names
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
25. **노래하는 자들이 앞에 서고.** 그가 이제 전투 대열의 군대가 아니라 승리를 위해 하나님께 감사를 드리기 위해 열린 엄숙한 집회에 대해 말한다는 것이 분명하다. 하나님이 전쟁에서 그들의 지도자이심을 공개적으로 나타내셨으므로, 승전가가 적절하게 그분께 향해진다. 그의 섬김에 고용된 구별된 합창대들에 대한 언급이 있는데, 특히 소고를 연주하는 자들에 대해이다. 왜냐하면 우리에게는 터무니없어 보일지라도, 당시 여인들이 그 악기를 연주하는 것이 관습이었기 때문이다. 그들이 하나님을 축복하도록 부름 받는 원천으로, 어떤 이들은 마음을 이해한다. 단지 입술에서만 나오고 위선적인 찬양들이 신적 책망을 받는다는 것이 알려져 있기 때문이다. 그러나 나는 참된 의미가 야곱 족장에게서 자신들의 기원을 추적할 수 있는 모든 이가 주를 찬양하도록 초대된다는 것이라고 생각한다. 많은 이들이 높은 소명에 답하는 성품을 지니지 않을 수 있다. 그러나 온 민족이 하나님에 의해 선택되었으므로, 시편 기자가 그들을 이 경건한 훈련에 참여하도록 매우 적절하게 초청하는 것이다. 동시에, 이 용어가 아브라함의 후손임을 자랑하면서도 그의 정신에서 타락한 자들과 하나님의 참된 성도들을 구별하기 위해 사용된다는 의견에 어떤 반대도 없다. 그의 믿음의 발자취 안에서 걷는 자들만이 그의 자녀로 여겨진다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-25-25(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
28절 카드 ↗
28. Thy God hath commanded thy strength Men are always disposed to arrogate to themselves the glory of what they may have done instead of tracing their success to God, and David reminds the people once more that they had not triumphed by their own strength, but by power communicated from above. If they had acquitted themselves with energy on the field, he would have them consider that it was God who inspired them with this valor, and would guard them against the pride which overlooks and disparages the Divine goodness. As a consideration which might farther tend to promote humility in their minds, he adverts to the dependence in which they stood of the future continuance of the same favor and protection; this being the great cause of presumptuous confidence, that we do not feel our own helplessness, and are not led under a sense of it to resort humbly to God for the supply of our wants. Another lesson which the passage teaches us is, that more is required than that God should visit us at first with his preventing grace; that we stand constantly in need of his assistance throughout our whole lives. If this be true in the literal warfare, where our conflict is with flesh and blood, it must be still more so in matters of the soul. It is impossible that we could stand one moment in the contest with such enemies as Satan, sin, and the world, did we not receive from God the grace which secures our perseverance. What is said of the temple in the following verse is intended to carry out the same strain of sentiment which has been already expressed. It gives the reason why God had exerted his power in behalf of the Israelites rather than others; which was, that it might be displayed as coming forth from the sanctuary and the ark of the covenant. Hence the emphasis with which David calls him in a previous part of the psalm — the God of Israel. It was not in vain that God had erected his sanctuary, or promised his presence in connection with it; and his power is here represented as issuing from the temple, to denote that the only security for his favor was to be found in his gracious covenant and promises. Some read, From thy temple in Jerusalem — a frigid interpretation, and one which does not express the meaning of the Psalmist. His prayer is to the effect that the Divine power might be commanded from the sanctuary upon his chosen people, here denoted by a common figure of speech by Jerusalem. It may be asked how he speaks of the temple, when it had not been yet built. The word temple or palace may have been used to express the tabernacle. This, at least, I think more probable than that he should speak of the temple by anticipation, as some suppose; and there can be no doubt that the ark had already been placed in Zion. Having already traced all the honor of the recent victories to God, he next proceeds to vindicate his claim to reap the fruits of them, by asserting that the kings who had been subdued would acknowledge God to have been their conqueror, as well as yield themselves tributary to David and his successors, — a circumstance which should lay the people of God under an additional obligation to present him with their free-will offerings of praise. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-30" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
28. **하나님이여, 주의 권능을 명하소서.** 사람들은 항상 자신들이 한 일의 영광을 자신들에게 귀속시키는 경향이 있어, 그들의 성공을 하나님의 덕분으로 돌리지 않는다. 다윗은 그들이 자신들의 힘으로 승리하지 않았고, 위에서 전해진 권능으로 승리했음을 백성에게 다시 한번 상기시킨다. 그들이 전쟁터에서 기력을 다해 활약했다면, 그것은 하나님이 이 용기를 그들에게 불어넣어 주셨음을 생각하도록, 그리고 신적 선하심을 간과하고 경시하는 교만함에 대해 경계하도록 해야 한다. 그들의 마음에 겸손함을 더 증진시킬 수 있는 고려로서, 같은 은혜와 보호의 미래 계속에 대해 그들이 처한 의존성을 언급한다. 이것이 주제넘는 자신감의 큰 원인이기 때문이다. 우리 자신의 무력함을 느끼지 않고, 그 감각 아래서 우리의 필요 공급을 위해 겸손히 하나님께 의지하도록 이끌리지 않기 때문이다. 이 구절이 우리에게 가르치는 또 다른 교훈은, 하나님이 처음에 우리를 예방하는 은혜로 방문하시는 것 이상이 요구된다는 것이다. 우리는 평생 동안 그의 도움이 끊임없이 필요하다는 것이다. 이것이 문자적 전쟁에서 참이라면, 거기서 우리의 충돌은 혈육과 있는 것인데, 영혼의 문제에서는 더욱 그럴 것이다. 사탄, 죄, 세상과 같은 원수들과의 싸움에서 우리가 한 순간도 견딜 수 없었을 것이다. 우리의 인내를 보장하는 은혜를 하나님에게서 받지 않았다면. 다음 절에서 성전에 대해 말씀된 것은 이미 표현된 감정의 같은 기조를 계속 이어나가기 위한 것이다. 하나님이 다른 이들보다 이스라엘인들을 위해 그의 권능을 행사하신 이유를 제시한다. 성소와 언약의 궤에서 나오는 것으로 나타나도록 하기 위함이었다. 따라서 다윗이 시편의 이전 부분에서 그를 이스라엘의 하나님이라고 강조하여 부르는 것이다. 하나님이 성소를 세우시거나 그것과 관련하여 임재를 약속하신 것이 헛되지 않았다. 그리고 그의 권능이 성전에서 나오는 것으로 표현되는 것은, 그의 은총에 대한 유일한 보증이 그의 은혜로운 언약과 약속에서 발견됨을 나타낸다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-28-28(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
30절 카드 ↗
30. Destroy the company of spearmen Some read rebuke, but I approve of the distinction which has been noticed by those who are most skilled in the Hebrew language, that while the verb גער , gear, has this meaning when the letter ב beth, is interposed, it signifies without it to destroy. The word, חית , chayath, which I have rendered company, has been translated beast, (56) but no such sense can apply to it here. David evidently prays in this passage that God would deliver his chosen people by destroying their cruel and bloody enemies. In calling these the company of the reed or cane, (57) he does not mean to say that they are weak, but alludes to the kind of armor which they wore, and which were lances or spears. The reed grows in some countries to a tree, or at least has all the consistency of wood, and the people are in the habit of making darts from it. In the East missile weapons are commonly used in war. He compares them for their fierceness to bulls, so I have rendered the word אבירים , abbirim; for though it may be translated strong or stout persons — the congregation of the strong — it occasionally bears the other meaning; and as David adds, calves of the people, (58) it would seem evident that he uses a figure to represent the rage and fury of the enemy, and perhaps their strength, which the Israelites were wholly unequal to combat except with Divine assistance. It is not so easy to discover the meaning of the next clause in the verse, treading upon pieces of silver The Hebrew verb רפס , raphas, signifies to tread, or literally, (for it, is here in the hithpael conjugations) causing themselves to tread; and some consider that the allusion is to the arrogance and vain-glorious boasting of the enemy. Others attach exactly the opposite sense to the words, holding that they denote submission, and that the enemy would bring pieces of silver in token of subjection. (59) But how could we suppose that David would pray for the destruction of enemies who were already subdued, and paying tribute in the character of suppliants? To this it has been said in reply, that enemies may retain their animosity in all its force within their own breasts, ready to vent itself in rebellion upon the first opportunity, although when deprived of arms they cannot display it openly, and that this is especially true of the enemies of the Church, whose antipathies are virulent, ever breaking forth afresh so soon as an occasion offers. But I see no necessity for doing violence to the words of the Psalmist, and would take them in their plain acceptation, as meaning that the enemy in their pride trampled upon pieces of silver. The reference may be to attachments of silver upon their sandals, as the Eastern nations were always proverbial for their luxury. (60) What immediately follows by no means favors the sense we have formerly adverted to, scatter the people who delight in war, where he hints that they sought groundless occasions for quarrel and tumult, and gratuitously attacked such as were disposed for peace. When we find David, after all the victories he had gained, still commending himself and his people to the protection of God, it should teach us to abandon the hope of ever seeing the Church placed in a state of perfect tranquillity in this world, exposed, as it is, to a succession of enemies raised up by the malice of Satan, and designed by God for the trial and exercise of our patience. In comparing their enemies to the beasts here mentioned, and taking notice that they delighted in war, it was no doubt his intention to influence the minds of the people of God to the contrary dispositions of clemency and mercy, as being that frame of spirit in the exercise of which they might expect to receive the Divine assistance. The more violently their enemies raged, and the more lawless their attempts might prove, they had only the more reason to expect the interposition of God, who humbles the proud and the mighty ones of this world. Such being the character of God, let us learn from this prayer of David to resort to him with confidence when the objects at any time of unmerited persecution, and to believe that he is able to deliver us at once from all our enemies. (56) Instead of the company of spearmen , the greater number of modern critics consider the wild beast of the reeds as the most correct translation; and this is understood by many to represent the Egyptian people and government under the emblem of the hippopotamus or river-horse, the behemoth of Scripture. This animal — which is a quadruped of enormous size, of prodigious strength, fierce and cruel in its disposition, and whose skin is so impenetrable that no arrows can pierce it — shelters and reposes itself among the tall reeds which skirt in abundance the banks of the Nile, ( Job 40:21 .) It is a very appropriate emblem of the Egyptian power, in the height of its greatness so formidable, and the inveterate enemy of Israel. And that the Psalmist here refers to it has been thought the more probable, from his mentioning, in the clause immediately following, the bulls and calves of the people, these animals having been honored and worshipped as deities by that degenerate and superstitious nation. Or, the wild beast of the reeds may, as is supposed by others, denote the same power under the representation of the crocodile, to which the characteristics of the hippopotamus, now specified, are equally applicable. By this ferocious and truculent animal Pharaoh king of Egypt is represented in Ezekiel 29:3 ; and in Psalms 74:14 . This, it would appear, was anciently employed as an emblem of Egypt. On a medal which the Emperor Augustine caused to be struck after he had completely reduced this powerful kingdom, Egypt is represented by the figure of a crocodile bound with a chain to a palm-tree, with the inscription, Nemo antea relegavit . Dathe, however, rejects the opinion, that the crocodile, and under it the King of Egypt, is pointed at; and observes, that Dav
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
30. **갈대밭의 짐승을 꾸짖으소서.** 어떤 이들은 '꾸짖다'로 읽지만, 히브리어를 가장 능숙하게 아는 자들에 의해 주목된 구분을 나는 찬성한다. 동사 '게아르'는 문자 '베트'가 사이에 오면 이 의미를 가지지만, 그것 없이는 '파멸시키다'를 의미한다. '하야트'라는 단어는 내가 '무리'로 번역했는데, '짐승'으로 번역되었지만 그 의미는 여기에 적용될 수 없다. 다윗은 이 구절에서 하나님이 그의 선택된 백성을 그들의 잔인하고 피 흘리는 원수들을 파멸시킴으로써 구원하시기를 분명히 기도한다. 그는 이것들을 갈대 혹은 회초리의 무리라고 부름으로써, 그들이 약하다고 말하려는 것이 아니라 그들이 입은 무기의 종류, 즉 창이나 투창을 암시한다. 갈대는 어떤 나라들에서는 나무처럼 자라거나 적어도 나무의 단단함을 가지며, 사람들은 그것으로 화살을 만드는 습관이 있다. 동방에서 투척 무기는 전쟁에 흔히 사용된다. 그는 그들을 그 사나움으로 황소들에 비유한다. 내가 '아비림'이라는 단어를 이렇게 번역했다. 비록 그것이 강하거나 억센 사람들, 즉 '강한 자들의 무리'로 번역될 수 있지만, 때로 다른 의미를 가지기 때문이다. 그리고 다윗이 '백성들의 송아지들'을 덧붙이므로, 그가 하나님의 도움이 아니고서는 이스라엘이 전혀 맞설 수 없었던 원수들의 분노와 광분, 그리고 아마도 그 힘을 표현하기 위해 비유를 사용함이 분명해 보인다. 이 절에서 이어지는 '은 조각들을 짓밟는'이라는 절의 의미를 파악하기는 쉽지 않다. 히브리어 동사 '라파스'는 짓밟다를 의미하거나, 문자적으로는(여기서 히트파엘 활용으로 있으므로) '자신들이 짓밟게 한다'를 의미한다. 어떤 이들은 원수들의 오만함과 허황된 자랑에 대한 암시가 있다고 본다. 다른 이들은 그 말씀들에 정반대의 의미, 즉 복종을 나타낸다고 보는데, 원수들이 복종의 표로 은 조각들을 가져올 것이라는 것이다. 그러나 이미 제압되어 탄원자들의 성격으로 조공을 바치고 있는 원수들의 파멸을 다윗이 어떻게 기도할 수 있겠는가? 이에 대한 대답으로, 원수들은 무장 해제되었을 때 공개적으로 그것을 나타낼 수 없어도, 마음속에는 그 적개심을 전력으로 유지하면서 기회가 생기는 첫 순간에 반항으로 분출할 준비를 하고 있을 수 있다고, 이것은 특히 교회의 원수들에 대해 참인데, 그들의 반감은 격렬하여 기회가 생기는 즉시 항상 새롭게 분출한다고 말한다. 그러나 시편 기자의 말씀들에 억지를 가할 필요가 없으며, 그것들을 평이하게 원수들이 교만으로 은 조각들을 짓밟는 것을 의미하는 것으로 취하겠다. 동방 민족들이 늘 그 사치로 유명했으므로, 그것은 그들의 샌들에 은 장식품에 대한 언급일 수 있다. 바로 이어지는 것이 우리가 이전에 주목한 의미를 전혀 지지하지 않는다. '전쟁을 즐기는 백성들을 흩으소서'인데, 여기서 그들이 다툼과 소동의 근거 없는 기회를 찾고, 평화를 추구하는 자들을 이유 없이 공격했다고 암시한다. 다윗이 거둔 모든 승리들 이후에도 여전히 자신과 자신의 백성을 하나님의 보호에 맡기는 것을 볼 때, 교회가 이 세상에서 완전한 평온의 상태에 놓이는 것을 결코 기대해서는 안 된다는 것을 우리에게 가르쳐야 한다. 교회는 사탄의 악의로 일으켜진 계속되는 원수들에게 노출되어 있으며, 하나님이 우리의 인내의 시험과 훈련을 위해 정하신 것이기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-30-30(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
31절 카드 ↗
31. Princes shall come out of Egypt. He resumes the strain of thanksgiving, and confirms what he had previously asserted, that kings would come and pay tribute unto God. The examples which he brings forward are those of the Egyptians and Ethiopians. This sufficiently proves that the prediction must be extended to Christ, by whom the Egyptians and Ethiopians were brought under the sway of God. The word תריף , tarits, translated, shall soon stretch out, might have been rendered, shall cause to run. (61) But it seemed necessary to soften the harshness of the figure. It is doubtful whether the allusion be to the promptness with which they should yield subjection, or whether he means that they would stretch out their hands to entreat pardon, this being an attitude common to suppliants. According to either interpretation, it is their submission which is intended, and it is enough to know that David asserts that Ethiopia and Egypt would come under the power of God, and not they only, but the most distant parts of the world. (61) “The Hebrew is very emphatic: — ‘Cush will cause her hands to run out to God.’ She will with great alacrity and delight surrender her power and influence unto God.” — Dr Adam Clarke . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-32" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
31. **고관들은 이집트에서 나오고.** 그는 감사의 기조를 재개하며, 왕들이 와서 하나님께 조공을 바칠 것이라고 이전에 단언한 것을 확증한다. 그가 제시하는 예들은 이집트인들과 에티오피아인들의 것이다. 이것은 그 예언이 그리스도에게까지 확장되어야 한다는 것을 충분히 증명한다. 이집트인들과 에티오피아인들은 그에 의해 하나님의 통치 아래 놓였다. '타리츠'라는 단어는 '즉시 펼칠 것이다'로 번역되었는데, '달려가게 할 것이다'로도 번역될 수 있다. 그러나 그 비유의 거침을 부드럽게 할 필요가 있는 것 같았다. 그것이 그들이 복종을 나타낼 민첩함에 대한 암시인지, 혹은 그가 그들이 용서를 구하기 위해 손을 내밀 것임을 의미하는 것인지는 불확실하다. 이것이 탄원자들에게 흔한 자세이기 때문이다. 어느 해석에 따라도 그들의 복종이 의도되며, 다윗이 에티오피아와 이집트가 하나님의 권능 아래 놓일 것이라고, 그것들만이 아니라 세상의 가장 먼 곳들까지 단언한다는 것을 아는 것으로 충분하다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-31-31(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
32절 카드 ↗
In the next verse he goes farther than before, and calls upon the kingdoms of the earth to praise God, language which implies that those who had once been distinguished by their hostility to him would be ranked amongst his willing worshippers. There must be the knowledge of God, as I have remarked elsewhere, before men can celebrate the praises of his name; and we have a proof of the calling of the Gentiles, in the fact that Moses and the prophets invite them to offer sacrifices of praise. That it might not seem a strange and incredible thing to speak of the extension of the worship of God from one land, within which it had been hitherto confined, to the whole world, David insists upon God’s rightful dominion over all parts of the earth. He rideth upon the heaven of heavens; that is, as we have observed at the beginning of the psalm, he has supreme power over all creatures, and governs the universe at his will. This truth is one which, even in its general application, is well fitted to beget a reverential consideration of the majesty of God; but we must not overlook the more particular reason for which it is here introduced. Mention having been made of the Gentiles, who lay as yet without the pale of the Church, he proves them to be embraced in the government of God by virtue of his sovereignty as Creator, and intimates that there was nothing wonderful in the fact, that he who sits upon the heavens should comprehend the whole inhabitants of the earth under his sway. By the heavens of ancient times, it is meant to intimate that the whole human family were under his power from the very beginning. We have a signal proof of the glorious power of God in the fact, that, notwithstanding the immensity of the fabric of the heavens, the rapidity of their motion, and the conflicting revolutions which take place in them, the most perfect subordination and harmony are preserved; and that this fair and beautiful order has been uninterruptedly maintained for ages. It is apparent then how the ancientness of the heavens may commend to us the singular excellency of the handiwork of God. Having touched upon the work of creation, he particularises thunder, for this is what he intends by a mighty voice , as in Psalms 29:4 . There are two constructions which we may put upon the words used, either that by his voice of command he calls forth the thunders which shake heaven and earth with the loudness of their sound, or that he sends forth his mighty voice in the thunder. I have already shown, at some length, in commenting upon the other passage just quoted, that there is a propriety in God’s being represented as thundering; for the phenomenon is one which, more than any other, impresses an awe upon the spirits of men. And the words are introduced with the exclamation lo! or behold! the better to arrest our wandering thoughts, or rather to reprehend our security. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-34" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
32. 다음 절에서 그는 전보다 더 나아가 지구의 왕국들이 하나님을 찬양하도록 부른다. 이 말씀은 한때 그를 적대시하는 것으로 두드러졌던 자들이 기꺼이 예배하는 자들 중에 속할 것임을 암시한다. 내가 다른 곳에서 주목한 것처럼, 사람들이 그의 이름의 찬양을 기념하기 전에 하나님에 대한 지식이 있어야 한다. 이방인들이 찬양의 희생을 드리도록 모세와 선지자들이 그들을 초청한다는 사실에서 이방인 소명의 증거를 가진다. 그것이 지금까지 한정되어 있던 한 땅에서 온 세상으로 하나님 예배가 확장되는 것에 대해 이상하고 믿을 수 없는 것처럼 보이지 않도록, 다윗은 땅의 모든 부분에 대한 하나님의 합당한 주권을 주장한다. 그분이 하늘들의 하늘 위에 타신다. 즉, 우리가 이 시편의 시작에서 주목한 것처럼, 그는 모든 피조물에 대한 최고의 권능을 가지시며, 그의 뜻에 따라 우주를 다스리신다. 이 진리는 일반적인 적용에서도, 하나님의 위엄에 대한 경외하는 고려를 낳기에 적합하다. 그러나 그것이 여기서 도입된 더 특별한 이유를 간과해서는 안 된다. 이방인들에 대한 언급이 있었는데, 그들은 아직 교회의 범위 밖에 있었으므로, 그는 그들이 창조자로서 그의 주권의 덕분으로 하나님의 통치에 포함된다는 것을 증명하고, 하늘 위에 앉으시는 그분이 온 땅의 주민들을 그의 통치 아래 포함시키신다는 사실에 놀라운 것이 없음을 암시한다. 옛적 하늘들이라고 함으로써, 온 인류가 처음부터 그의 권능 아래 있었음을 암시하려 한다. 우리는 하늘 구조의 거대함에도 불구하고, 그 운동의 신속함과 거기서 일어나는 충돌하는 회전들에도 불구하고, 가장 완전한 복종과 조화가 유지된다는 사실에서, 그리고 이 아름답고 훌륭한 질서가 수 세기 동안 중단 없이 유지되어왔다는 사실에서, 하나님의 영광스러운 권능의 현저한 증거를 가진다. 그다음 천지를 흔드는 큰 소리, 즉 그가 의도하는 뇌성을 특별히 언급하는데(시편 29편 4절에서처럼). 우리가 사용할 수 있는 두 가지 구성이 있는데, 그가 명령의 음성으로 하늘과 땅을 그 소리의 크기로 흔드는 뇌성들을 불러내시거나, 혹은 뇌성 안에서 강한 음성을 발하신다는 것이다. 이미 인용한 다른 구절을 주석할 때, 하나님이 천둥치신다고 표현되는 것에 적절함이 있음을 어느 정도 자세히 보여주었다. 그 현상은 다른 어떤 것보다 더 사람들의 영에 경외감을 심어주기 때문이다. 그리고 그 말씀들은 '보라!'는 감탄사와 함께 도입되는데, 우리의 방황하는 생각들을 더 잘 붙잡거나, 오히려 우리의 안전함을 책망하기 위함이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-32-32(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
34절 카드 ↗
34. Give strength unto God over Israel The expression is in allusion to the sentence which went before, and in which God was said to send forth a strong or mighty voice. Not that, properly speaking, we can give anything to Him, but, disposed as we are to withhold that honor which is his due, David subjoins to what he had said of his thundering with a mighty voice, an injunction that we should, on our part, be ready to sound forth his praises. To guard the Gentile nations against those false ideas upon religion in which they were accustomed to indulge, he brings them back to the doctrine of the Law, in which God had specially revealed himself, and intimates that, if they would not lose themselves in error, they must advance by necessary steps from the creation and government of the world, to that doctrine in which God had condescended to make a familiar revelation of himself to men. So much is included when God is spoken of here as the God of Israel But he does not satisfy himself with enjoining them to celebrate the power of God with praises of the voice. He exhorts them to the exercise of faith, for in reality we cannot better ascribe strength unto God, than by reposing in his protection as all-sufficient. Thus, after having said that his strength is in the clouds; (62) he adds, that he is terrible out of his holy places, by which is meant, that he exerts a power in his temple which is sufficient to confound his enemies. Some understand heaven and earth to be the holy places intended, but this does not agree with the context, for it is immediately added, that the God of Israel would give strength unto his people. It is evident, therefore, that the Psalmist speaks of God’s protection of his Church. The plural number is used in speaking of the sanctuary, here as in other places, because the tabernacle was divided into three parts. He points, in short, to the ark of the covenant, as that which the believing people of God should recognize as a symbol of confidence, remembering the promise, “I will dwell in the midst of you,” and thus resting with security under the wings of the Divine protection, and confidently calling upon his name. Any right which Israel might have in distinction from others to trust in the guardianship of God, rested entirely upon that covenant of free grace by which they had been chosen to be God’s peculiar heritage. Let it be remembered, however, that God continues to exert in behalf of his Church still these terrible displays of his power of which the Psalmist speaks. (62) “This refers to the phenomena of thunder and lightning; for all nations have observed that the electric fluid is an irresistible agent — destroying life, tearing towers and castles to pieces, rending the strongest oaks, and cleaving the most solid rocks; and the most enlightened nations have justly considered it as an especial manifestation of the power and Sovereignty of God.” — Greenfield . return to ' Top of Page ' Psalms Psa 67 Psalms Psa Psalms Psa 69 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Psalms 68". "Calvin's Commentary on the Bible". https://www.studylight.org/ commentaries/ eng/ cal/ psalms-68.html. 1840-57. terms of use • privacy policy • • rights and permissions • contact sl • about sl • link to sl To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient contact form StudyLight.org © 2001-2026 Powered by Light speed Technology Ads Free Profile .sub-menu{font-size:12px;padding:10px 0;max-width:1260px;width:100%;background-color:#f7f7f7;color:#6b6b6b;border-bottom:5px solid #6b6b6b;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:absolute;z-index:9998} .sub-menu .menu-group{width:100%;margin:0 5px 0;padding:0 5px 0;border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer{display:none} .sub-menu .menu-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-name a{color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-ul li a{color:#6b6b6b;} .sub-menu .menu-ul li:hover{color:#DD8000} .search-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;-webkit-appearance:square-button;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px} .int-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .int-search-div .int-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:0 5px 0;margin-right:5px;width:30%;height:30px;flex:1 1 100%} .int-search-div .int-s-button{width:50px;margin-right:10px;height:30px;flex:0 0 50px} .int-selections-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px} .int-selections-div .int-s-section{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;width:70px;height:30px;flex:1 1 50%} .int-selections-div .int-s-translation{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px;width:40%;height:30px;flex:1 1 40%} .lex-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;width:95%;height:30px;font-size:13px;padding:5px;margin-right:5px} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;height:30px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px;width:100px} .lex-search-languages{width:95%;font-size:11px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:5px} .ill-quo-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;margin-top:10px} .ill-quo-s-query{font-size:15px;color:#6b6b6b;padding:0 10px 0;border:1px solid #dadada;height:30px;width:100px;margin-right:5px;flex:1 1 auto} .ill-quo-s-select{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;padding:5px;height:30px;margin-right:5px} .clickable{cursor:pointer} ia, qa{cursor:pointer;margin:0 4px; line-height:25px} @media only screen and (max-width: 899px) { .sub-menu{height:65%;overflow:scroll} .sub-menu .menu-group, .sub-menu .menu-group:first-child{border-right:0} .sub-menu .par
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-psa-68-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
34. **하나님께 능력을 돌리소서. 그의 위엄이 이스라엘 위에 있으며.** 이 표현은 하나님이 강한 혹은 강력한 음성을 발하신다고 했던 앞 문장에 대한 암시이다. 우리가 그에게 무엇을 줄 수 있다고 말하는 것이 적절하지 않지만, 우리가 그에게 합당한 영예를 보류하는 경향이 있으므로, 다윗은 그가 강한 음성으로 천둥치신다고 말한 것에 이어, 우리가 우리 편에서 그의 찬양을 소리 높여 울릴 준비를 해야 한다는 명령을 덧붙인다. 이방 나라들이 그들이 탐닉하는 데 익숙했던 종교에 대한 그릇된 생각들로 인해 길을 잃지 않도록, 그는 그들을 율법의 교훈으로 돌려보낸다. 거기서 하나님이 특별히 자신을 나타내셨다. 그리고 오류 속에서 자신을 잃지 않으려면, 세상의 창조와 통치에서 그 자신을 사람들에게 친근하게 나타내기를 굽어 내려오신 그 교훈으로 필요한 단계들을 거쳐 나아가야 함을 암시한다. 이것이 하나님이 여기서 이스라엘의 하나님으로 말씀될 때 포함되는 것이다. 그러나 그는 그들이 음성의 찬양으로 하나님의 권능을 기념하도록 명령하는 것으로 만족하지 않는다. 그는 그들에게 믿음의 행사를 권면한다. 왜냐하면 실제로 우리가 그의 보호에 모든 충분한 것으로 안주하는 것보다 더 잘 하나님께 능력을 돌릴 수 없기 때문이다. 이처럼 그가 그의 능력이 구름에 있다고 말한 뒤, 그가 거룩한 처소들에서 두렵다고 덧붙인다. 이는 그가 자신의 원수들을 혼란스럽게 할 수 있는 충분한 권능을 성전 안에 행사하신다는 뜻이다. 어떤 이들은 하늘과 땅이 의도된 거룩한 처소들로 이해하지만, 이것은 문맥과 맞지 않는다. 이스라엘의 하나님이 그의 백성에게 능력을 주실 것이라고 즉시 덧붙여지기 때문이다. 따라서 시편 기자가 그의 교회의 보호에 대해 말한다는 것이 분명하다. 성소에 대해 말할 때 복수가 사용되는데, 여기서와 다른 곳에서도 장막이 세 부분으로 나뉘었기 때문이다. 그는 짧게 말해 언약의 궤를 가리키는데, 하나님의 믿는 백성이 그것을 신뢰의 상징으로 인식하고, '내가 너희 가운데 거하리라'는 약속을 기억하며, 이로써 신적 보호의 날개 아래 안전하게 쉬고 자신있게 그의 이름을 부르도록 해야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-psa-68-34-34(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역