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주석[칼빈]창세기 › 3장

주석[칼빈] — 창세기 3장 · 타락

요약
칼빈 주석 · 섹션 21개 · 한국어 번역 있음(한국어 우선) · 본문 보기
아래 주석은 원문(및 번역문) 그대로입니다.

1절 카드 ↗

1. Now the serpent was more subtil In this chapter, Moses explains, that man, after he had been deceived by Satan revolted from his Maker, became entirely changed and so degenerate, that the image of God, in which he had been formed, was obliterated. He then declares, that the whole world, which had been created for the sake of man, fell together with him from its primary original; and that in this ways much of its native excellence was destroyed. But here many and arduous questions arise. For when Moses says that the serpent was crafty beyond all other animals, he seems to intimate, that it had been induced to deceive man, not by the instigation of Satan, but by its own malignity. I answer, that the innate subtlety of the serpent did not prevent Satan from making use of the animal for the purpose of effecting the destruction of man. For since he required an instrument, he chose from among animals that which he saw would be most suitable for him: finally, he carefully contrived the method by which the snares he was preparing might the more easily take the mind of Eve by surprise. Hitherto, he had held no communication with men; he, therefore, clothed himself with the person of an animal, under which he might open for himself the way of access. Yet it is not agreed among interpreters in what sense the serpent is said to be ערום ( aroom, subtle ,) by which word the Hebrews designate the prudent as well as the crafty . Some, therefore, would take it in a good, others in a bad sense. I think, however, Moses does not so much point out a fault as attribute praise to nature because God had endued this beast with such singular skill, as rendered it acute and quick-sighted beyond all others. But Satan perverted to his own deceitful purposes the gift which had been divinely imparted to the serpent. Some captiously cavil, that more acuteness is now found in many other animals. To whom I answer, that there would be nothing absurd in saying, that the gift which had proved so destructive to the human race has been withdrawn from the serpent: just, as we shall hereafter see, other punishments were also inflicted upon it. Yet, in this description, writers on natural history do not materially differ from Moses, and experience gives the best answer to the objection; for the Lord does not in vain command his own disciples to be ‘prudent as serpents,’ ( Matthew 10:16 .) But it appears, perhaps, scarcely consonant with reason, that the serpent only should be here brought forward, all mention of Satan being suppressed. I acknowledge, indeed, that from this place alone nothing more can be collected than that men were deceived by the serpent. But the testimonies of Scripture are sufficiently numerous, in which it is plainly asserted that the serpent was only the mouth of the devil; for not the serpent but the devil is declared to be ‘the father of lies,’ the fabricator of imposture, and the author of death. The question, however, is not yet solved, why Moses has kept back the name of Satan. I willingly subscribe to the opinion of those who maintain that the Holy Spirit then purposely used obscure figures, because it was fitting that full and clear light should be reserved for the kingdom of Christ. In the meantime, the prophets prove that they were well acquainted with the meaning of Moses, when, in different places, they cast the blame of our ruin upon the devil. We have elsewhere said, that Moses, by a homely and uncultivated style, accommodates what he delivers to the capacity of the people; and for the best reason; for not only had he to instruct an untaught race of men, but the existing age of the Church was so puerile, that it was unable to receive any higher instruction. There is, therefore, nothing absurd in the supposition, that they, whom, for the time, we know and confess to have been but as infants, were fed with milk. Or (if another comparison be more acceptable) Moses is by no means to be blamed, if he, considering the office of schoolmaster as imposed upon him, insists on the rudiments suitable to children. They who have an aversion to this simplicity, must of necessity condemn the whole economy of God in governing the Church. This, however, may suffice us, that the Lord, by the secret illumination of his Spirit, supplied whatever was wanting of clearness in outward expressions; as appears plainly from the prophets, who saw Satan to be the real enemy of the human race, the contriver of all evils, furnished with every kind of fraud and villainy to injure and destroy. Therefore, though the impious make a noise, there is nothing justly to offend us in this mode of speaking by which Moses describes Satan, the prince of iniquity, under the person of his servant and instrument, at the time when Christ, the Head of the Church, and the Sun of Righteousness, had not yet openly shone forth. Add to this, the baseness of human ingratitude is more clearly hence perceived, that when Adam and Eve knew that all animals were given, by the hand of God, into subjection to them, they yet suffered themselves to be led away by one of their own slaves into rebellion against God. As often as they beheld any one of the animals which were in the world, they ought to have been reminded both of the supreme authority, and of the singular goodness of God; but, on the contrary, when they saw the serpent an apostate from his Creator, not only did they neglect to punish it, but, in violation of all lawful order, they subjected and devoted themselves to it, as participators in the same apostasy. What can be imagined more dishonorable than this extreme depravity? Thus, I understand the name of the serpent, not allegorically, as some foolishly do, but in its genuine sense. Many persons are surprised that Moses simply, and as if abruptly, relates that men have fallen by the impulse of Satan into eternal destruction, and yet never by a single word explains how the tempter himself had revolted from God. And hence it has arisen, that f

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-1

Source

**뱀은 여호와 하나님이 지으신 들짐승 중에 가장 간교하니라.** 이 장에서 모세는 사람이 사탄에게 속아 그의 창조주에게서 반역하여 완전히 변화되고 그토록 타락하여, 그 안에 형성되었던 하나님의 형상이 지워지게 되었음을 설명한다. 그다음 그는, 사람의 유익을 위해 창조된 온 세계가 그와 함께 그 원래의 기원에서 무너졌고, 이 방식으로 그 본래의 탁월함의 많은 부분이 파괴되었다고 선언한다.

그러나 여기서 많고 어려운 질문들이 생긴다. 왜냐하면 모세가 뱀이 다른 모든 동물들보다 교활하다고 말할 때, 그는 뱀이 사탄의 사주가 아니라 자기 자신의 악의에 의해 사람을 속이도록 유도되었음을 암시하는 것처럼 보이기 때문이다.

나는 대답한다. 뱀의 타고난 교활함이 사탄이 그 동물을 사람의 멸망을 이루기 위한 목적으로 사용하는 것을 방해하지 않았다. 왜냐하면 그는 도구를 필요로 했으므로, 동물들 중에서 자기에게 가장 적합한 것을 선택했기 때문이다. 마침내 그는 자기가 준비하는 함정이 이브의 마음을 더 쉽게 기습할 수 있도록 방법을 신중히 고안하였다.

지금까지 그는 사람과 어떠한 교통도 하지 않았다. 그러므로 그는 동물의 인격으로 자신을 감쌌다. 그 아래 그는 자기를 위해 접근의 길을 열 수 있었다.

그러나 모세가 뱀을 "교활하다"는 히브리어 '아룸'으로 묘사한 의미에 대해 해석자들 사이에 의견 일치가 없다. 히브리인들은 이 단어로 신중한 자와 교활한 자 모두를 지칭하기 때문이다. 따라서 어떤 이들은 그것을 좋은 의미로, 다른 이들은 나쁜 의미로 취한다.

나는 그러나 모세가 결함을 지적한다기보다는 자연에 찬사를 돌린다고 생각한다. 하나님께서 이 짐승에게 그처럼 특별한 기술을 부여하셨기 때문이다. 그러나 사탄은 뱀에게 신적으로 주어진 선물을 자기 자신의 기만적 목적에 악용하였다.

혹자는 트집을 잡아, 지금은 다른 많은 동물들에서 더 큰 예리함이 발견된다고 한다. 나는 대답한다. 인류에게 그토록 파괴적으로 입증된 선물이 뱀에게서 거두어졌다고 말하는 것이 불합리하지 않다. 마치 뒤에서 보겠지만 다른 형벌들도 그것에게 가해진 것처럼.

그러나 자연사 저술가들은 이 묘사에서 모세와 크게 다르지 않는다. 경험이 이 반론에 가장 잘 대답한다. 왜냐하면 주께서 헛되이 그분의 제자들에게 "뱀같이 지혜롭게 되라"(마태 10:16)고 명하지 않으셨기 때문이다.

그러나 여기서 사탄에 대한 모든 언급을 억제하고 오직 뱀만이 소개된다는 것이 이성에 맞지 않는 것처럼 보일 것이다. 나는 실로 인정한다. 이 구절만으로는 사람들이 뱀에 의해 속임을 당했다는 것 이상을 수집할 수 없다.

그러나 성경의 증거들은 뱀이 단지 마귀의 입이었다고 명확히 주장하는 곳에서 충분히 많다. 왜냐하면 뱀이 아니라 마귀가 "거짓의 아버지", 속임수의 창안자, 죽음의 창시자로 선언되기 때문이다.

그러나 그 질문은 아직 해결되지 않았다. 왜 모세가 사탄의 이름을 숨겼는가. 나는 성령께서 그때 의도적으로 불분명한 표현들을 사용하셨다는 견해를 기꺼이 따른다. 완전하고 분명한 빛이 그리스도의 왕국을 위해 보류되는 것이 합당하였기 때문이다.

그러는 동안, 선지자들은 그들이 모세의 의미를 잘 알고 있었음을 증명한다. 다양한 곳에서 우리 멸망의 책임을 마귀에게 돌릴 때이다. 우리는 다른 곳에서, 모세가 간단하고 세련되지 않은 문체로 자신이 전달하는 것을 사람들의 이해력에 맞추었다고 말하였다.

따라서 아담의 인간에 대한 이 생생한 묘사에서 타락한 본성의 생생한 그림이 우리에게 제시된다. 야고보서는 "각 사람이 자기 욕심에 이끌려 시험을 받는다"고 말한다(약 1:14). 그리고 아담도 마찬가지로 알면서도 기꺼이 반역자로서 하나님께 자기 자신을 세웠다.

또한 여기서, 우리가 세상에 있는 동물들 중 하나를 볼 때마다, 하나님의 최고의 권위와 그분의 특별한 선하심을 상기해야 했는데도, 반대로 뱀이 그의 창조주에게서 배도하는 것을 보았을 때, 그들은 그것을 벌할 생각을 하지 않을 뿐만 아니라, 모든 합법적인 질서를 어기고 같은 배도에 참여자로서 자신들을 그것에게 종속하고 헌신하였다는 것에서 인간의 배은망덕의 비천함이 더 명확하게 인식된다.

원주석

4절 카드 ↗

4. And the serpent said unto the woman Satan now springs more boldly forward; and because he sees a breach open before him, he breaks through in a direct assault, for he is never wont to engage in open war until we voluntarily expose ourselves to him, naked and unarmed. He cautiously approaches us at first with blandishments; but when he has stolen in upon us, he dares to exalt himself petulantly and with proud confidence against God; just as he now seizing upon Eve’s doubt, penetrates further, that he may turn it into a direct negative. It behaves us to be instructed, by much examples, to beware of his snares, and, by making timely resistance, to keep him far from us, that nearer access may not be permitted to him. He now, therefore, does not ask doubtingly, as before, whether or not the command of God, which he opposes, be true, but openly accuses God of falsehood, for he asserts that the word by which death was denounced is false and delusive. Fatal temptation! when while God is threatening us with death, we not only securely sleep, but hold God himself in derision! return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-4

Source

**뱀이 여자에게 이르되 너희가 결코 죽지 아니하리라.** 사탄은 이제 더 담대하게 앞으로 나아간다. 그는 자기 앞에 빈틈이 열린 것을 보고 직접적인 공격으로 돌파한다. 왜냐하면 우리가 자발적으로 벌거벗고 무장 해제된 채로 그에게 노출될 때까지는 그가 공개적인 전쟁에 뛰어들지 않기 때문이다.

그는 처음에는 우리에게 조심스럽게 알랑거리며 접근한다. 그러나 그가 우리 안에 침투하면, 하나님에 대항하여 교만하고 대담한 자신감으로 자신을 높이는 것을 감히 한다. 마치 그가 이제 이브의 의심을 포착하여 그것을 직접적인 부정으로 돌리는 것처럼.

우리는 그의 함정을 경계하고, 제때에 저항함으로써 그를 멀리하도록, 그에게 더 가까운 접근이 허용되지 않도록 많은 예에 의해 교훈받아야 한다.

그는 이제, 그가 이전에 의심스럽게 물었던 것처럼, 그가 반대하는 하나님의 명령이 사실인지 아닌지를 묻지 않는다. 대신 공개적으로 하나님이 거짓말쟁이라고 비난한다. 왜냐하면 그는 죽음이 선언된 말씀이 거짓되고 기만적이라고 주장하기 때문이다.

치명적인 유혹이여! 하나님께서 우리에게 죽음으로 위협하시는 동안, 우리가 안전하게 잠들 뿐만 아니라 하나님 자신을 조롱할 때이다!

원주석

5절 카드 ↗

5. For God doth know. There are those who think that God is here craftily praised by Satan, as if He never would prohibit men from the use of wholesome fruit. But they manifestly contradict themselves, for they at the some time confess that in the preceding member of the sentence he had already declared God to be unworthy of confidence, as one who had lied. Others suppose that he charges God with malignity and envy, as wishing to deprive man of his highest perfection; and this opinion is more probable than the other. Nevertheless, (according to my judgments) Satan attempts to prove what he had recently asserted, reasoning, however, from contraries: (167) God, he says, has interdicted to you the tree, that he may not be compelled to admit you to the participation of his glory; therefore, the fear of punishment is quite needless. In short, he denies that a fruit which is useful and salutary can be injurious. When he says, God does know, he censures God as being moved by jealousy: and as having given the command concerning the tree, for the purpose of keeping man in an inferior rank. Ye shall be as gods. Some translate it, ‘Ye shall be like angels.’ It might even be rendered in the singular number, ‘Ye shall be as God.’ I have no doubt that Satan promises them divinity ; as if he had said, For no other reason does God defraud you of the tree of knowledge, than because he fears to have you as companions. Moreover, it is not without some show of reason that he makes the Divine glory, or equality with God, to consist in the perfect knowledge of good and evil; but it is a mere pretense, for the purpose of ensnaring the miserable woman. Because the desire of knowledge is naturally inherent in and happiness is supposed to be placed in it; but Eve erred in not regulating the measure of her knowledge by the will of God. And we all daily suffer under the same disease, because we desire to know more than is right, and more than God allows; whereas the principal point of wisdom is a well-regulated sobriety in obedience to God. (167) “ Sumpta a contraria ratione .” The meaning of the passage seems to be this: Satan had first said in plain terms, “Ye shall not surely die;” and then, to confirm his position, had argued that, supposing God had forbidden the tree, he must have done it out of envy, lest he should be compelled to raise them to an equality with himself, and therefore on no possible supposition had they any ground to fear; for they had only to eat in order to be beyond the reach of his vengeance. — Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-5

Source

**너희가 그것을 먹는 날에는 너희 눈이 밝아.** 어떤 이들은 하나님이 여기서 사탄에 의해 교활하게 찬양된다고 생각한다. 마치 그분이 결코 사람들을 유익한 열매의 사용에서 금하지 않으실 것이라는 듯이. 그러나 그들은 명백히 자기모순에 빠진다. 왜냐하면 그들은 동시에 그 앞 절에서 그가 이미 하나님을 거짓말하신 분으로 신뢰할 수 없다고 선언하였음을 인정하기 때문이다.

다른 이들은 그가 하나님이 악의와 시기로 움직이신다고, 사람을 가장 높은 완전함의 참여에서 박탈하기를 원하신다고 비난한다고 생각한다. 이 견해는 다른 것보다 더 가능성이 있다.

그럼에도 내 판단으로는 사탄은 반대로부터 추론하면서 그가 최근에 주장한 것을 증명하려 한다. 하나님께서, 그는 말한다, 너희에게 그 나무를 금하셨다. 그분이 너희를 그분의 영광의 참여로 인정하도록 강요받지 않으려 하시기 때문이다. 그러므로 형벌에 대한 두려움은 전혀 필요없다. 요약하면, 그는 유익하고 건강한 열매가 해로울 수 없다고 부정한다.

그분이 "하나님이 아시므로"라고 말할 때, 그는 하나님이 시기심에 의해 움직이신다고, 그리고 사람을 열등한 지위에 두기 위한 목적으로 나무에 관해 계명을 주셨다고 비판한다.

**너희가 하나님과 같이 될 것이라.** 어떤 이들은 그것을 "너희가 천사들과 같이 될 것이라"고 번역한다. 단수로 "너희가 하나님과 같이 될 것이라"로도 번역될 수 있다. 나는 사탄이 그들에게 신성을 약속한다는 것을 의심하지 않는다. 마치 "다른 어떤 이유도 없이 하나님께서 너희에게 지식의 나무를 빼앗으신 것은, 그분이 너희를 동반자로 두기를 두려워하시기 때문이다"라고 말하는 것처럼.

그가 선과 악의 완전한 지식에 하나님의 영광이나 하나님과의 동등함이 있다고 만드는 데 어떤 이성의 겉모양이 없지 않다. 그러나 이것은 비참한 여자를 함정에 빠뜨리기 위한 단지 가장에 불과하다.

지식에 대한 욕망이 자연스럽게 내재되어 있기 때문이다. 행복은 그 안에 있다고 가정된다. 그러나 이브는 자신의 지식의 척도를 하나님의 뜻으로 조절하지 않는 데서 오류를 범하였다. 우리 모두는 매일 같은 병으로 고통받는다. 우리는 올바른 것보다, 하나님이 허용하시는 것보다 더 많이 알기를 욕망하기 때문이다. 반면에 지혜의 주된 요점은 하나님께 복종하는 데서의 잘 규제된 절제이다.

원주석

6절 카드 ↗

6. And when the woman saw This impure look of Eve, infected with the poison of concupiscence, was both the messenger and the witness of an impure heart. She could previously behold the tree with such sincerity, that no desire to eat of it affected her mind; for the faith she had in the word of God was the best guardian of her heart, and of all her senses. But now, after the heart had declined from faith, and from obedience to the word, she corrupted both herself and all her senses, and depravity was diffused through all parts of her soul as well as her body. It is, therefore, a sign of impious defection, that the woman now judges the tree to be good for food, eagerly delights herself in beholding it, and persuades herself that it is desirable for the sake of acquiring wisdom; whereas before she had passed by it a hundred times with an unmoved and tranquil look. For now, having shaken off the bridle, her mind wanders dissolutely and intemperately, drawing the body with it to the same licentiousness. The word להשכיל ( lehaskil ,) admits of two explanations: That the tree was desirable either to be looked upon or to impart prudence . I prefer the latter sense, as better corresponding with the temptation. And gave also unto her husband with her From these words, some conjecture that Adam was present when his wife was tempted and persuaded by the serpent, which is by no means credible. Yet it might be that he soon joined her, and that, even before the woman tasted the fruit of the tree, she related the conversation held with the serpent, and entangled him with the same fallacies by which she herself had been deceived. Others refer the particle עמה ( immah ,) “with her,” to the conjugal bond, which may be received. But because Moses simply relates that he ate the fruit taken from the hands of his wife, the opinion has been commonly received, that he was rather captivated with her allurements than persuaded by Satan’s impostures. (168) For this purpose the declaration of Paul is adduced, ‘Adam was not deceived, but the woman.’ ( 1 Timothy 2:14 .) But Paul in that place, as he is teaching that the origin of evil was from the woman, only speaks comparatively. Indeed, it was not only for the sake of complying with the wishes of his wife, that he transgressed the law laid down for him; but being drawn by her into fatal ambition, he became partaker of the same defection with her. And truly Paul elsewhere states that sin came not by the woman, but by Adam himself, ( Romans 5:12 .) Then, the reproof which soon afterwards follows ‘Behold, Adam is as one of us,’ clearly proves that he also foolishly coveted more than was lawful, and gave greater credit to the flatteries of the devil than to the sacred word of God. It is now asked, What was the sin of both of them? The opinion of some of the ancients, that they were allured by intemperance of appetite, is puerile. For when there was such an abundance of the choicest fruits what daintiness could there be about one particular kind? Augustine is more correct, who says, that pride was the beginning of all evils, and that by pride the human race was ruined. Yet a fuller definition of the sin may be drawn from the kind of temptation which Moses describes. For first the woman is led away from the word of God by the wiles of Satan, through unbelief. (169) Wherefore, the commencement of the ruin by which the human race was overthrown was a defection from the command of God. But observe, that men then revolted from God, when, having forsaken his word, they lent their ears to the falsehoods of Satan. Hence we infer, that God will be seen and adored in his word; and, therefore, that all reverence for him is shaken off when his word is despised. A doctrine most useful to be known, for the word of God obtains its due honor only with few so that they who rush onward with impunity in contempt of this word, yet arrogate to themselves a chief rank among the worshippers of God. But as God does not manifest himself to men otherwise than through the word, so neither is his majesty maintained, nor does his worship remain secure among us any longer than while we obey his word. Therefore, unbelief was the root of defection; just as faith alone unites us to God. Hence flowed ambition and pride, so that the woman first, and then her husband, desired to exalt themselves against God. For truly they did exalt themselves against God, when, honor having been divinely conferred upon them, they not contented with such excellence, desired to know more than was lawful, in order that they might become equal with God. Here also monstrous ingratitude betrays itself. They had been made in the likeness of God; but this seems a small thing unless equality be added. Now, it is not to be endured that designing and wicked men should labor in vain, as well as absurdly, to extenuate the sin of Adam and his wife. For apostasy is no light offense, but detestable wickedness, by which man withdraws himself from the authority of his Creator, yea, even rejects and denies him. Besides it was not simple apostasy, but combined with atrocious contumelies and reproaches against God himself. Satan accuses God of falsehoods of envy, and of malignity, and our first parents subscribe to a calumny thus vile and execrable. At length, having despised the command of God, they not only indulge their own lust, but enslave themselves to the devil. If any one prefers a shorter explanation, we may say unbelief has opened the door to ambition, but ambition has proved the parent of rebellion, to the end that men, having cast aside the fear of God, might shake off his yoke. On this account, Paul teaches use that by the disobedience of Adam sin entered into the world. Let us imagine that there was nothing worse than the transgression of the command; we shall not even thus have succeeded far in extenuating the fault of Adam. God, having both made him free in everything, and appointed him as king of the world, chose to put his o

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**여자가 그 나무를 본즉.** 탐욕의 독으로 감염된 이 이브의 불순한 시선은 불순한 마음의 전달자이자 증인이었다. 그녀는 이전에 어떤 먹고 싶은 욕망도 그녀의 마음을 사로잡지 않을 만큼 순수하게 그 나무를 바라볼 수 있었다. 하나님의 말씀에 대한 그녀의 믿음이 그녀의 마음과 그녀의 모든 감각의 최선의 보호자였기 때문이다.

그러나 이제 마음이 믿음과 말씀에 대한 순종에서 기울어진 후에, 그녀는 자기 자신과 그녀의 모든 감각을 부패시켰다. 타락이 그녀의 영혼과 몸 모두의 모든 부분들에 퍼졌다.

그러므로 이제 여자가 나무가 먹기에 좋고, 열심히 그것을 바라보며 기뻐하고, 지혜를 얻기 위해 탐스럽다고 판단하는 것은 불경건한 배도의 표시이다. 반면에 이전에는 흔들리지 않고 평온한 시선으로 백 번씩 그 나무 옆을 지나쳤다.

이제, 멍에를 벗어던지고, 그녀의 마음이 방종하고 절제 없이 방황하여, 그 몸을 같은 방종으로 끌고 간다. 히브리어 동사는 두 가지 설명이 가능하다. 그 나무가 바라보기에 탐스럽거나 분별을 주기에 탐스럽다. 나는 후자의 의미를 더 좋아한다. 그것이 시험과 더 잘 상응하기 때문이다.

**자기와 함께 있는 남편에게도 주매.** 이 말씀에서 어떤 이들은 아담이 뱀에게 의해 유혹되고 설득을 받을 때 현재 있었다고 추측한다. 이것은 결코 믿기 어렵다. 그러나 그가 곧 그녀에게 합류하여, 심지어 여자가 나무의 열매를 맛보기 전에도, 그녀가 뱀과 나눈 대화를 그에게 전했을 수 있다. 그리고 자기 자신이 속임을 당한 것과 같은 궤변으로 그를 얽어맸을 수 있다.

아담은 그의 아내의 유혹에 매혹되었지, 사탄의 사기에 설득된 것이 아니라는 견해가 일반적으로 받아들여졌다. 이 목적으로 바울의 선언이 인용된다. "아담은 속은 것이 아니요 여자가 속아서 죄에 빠졌다"(딤전 2:14). 그러나 바울은 그 구절에서 논쟁하는 것이 아니라, 삶의 일반적인 관습에서 악의 기원이 여자에게서였다고 선언할 뿐이다.

그러나 실제로 그는 단지 아내의 소원에 따르기 위해 자기에게 정해진 법을 어긴 것이 아니다. 그녀에게 의해 치명적인 야망으로 이끌려, 그녀와 같은 이탈에 참여하게 되었다. 그리고 진실로 바울은 다른 곳에서 죄가 여자가 아니라 아담 자신에 의해 왔다고 진술한다(로마 5:12).

이제 둘의 죄가 무엇이었냐고 물어진다. 어떤 고대인들의 견해, 즉 그들이 식욕의 방종으로 유혹을 받았다는 것은 유치하다. 최상의 열매들이 그처럼 풍요로운 곳에서 어느 특정 종류에 대한 탐식이 있을 수 있겠는가?

어거스틴이 더 옳다. 교만이 모든 악의 시작이었으며 교만으로 인류가 파멸되었다고 말하면서.

그러나 죄의 더 완전한 정의는 모세가 묘사하는 시험의 종류에서 이끌어낼 수 있다. 왜냐하면 먼저 여자는 불신앙으로 사탄의 계략에 의해 하나님의 말씀에서 이끌려 나가기 때문이다. 그러므로 인류가 무너진 멸망의 시작은 하나님의 명령에서의 이탈이었다. 그러나 주목하라. 그때 사람들이 하나님에게서 반역한 것은, 그분의 말씀을 버리고 사탄의 거짓말에 귀를 기울였을 때이다.

이로부터 우리는 하나님이 그분의 말씀 안에서 바라보이고 경배받으신다는 것을 추론한다. 그러므로 그분의 말씀이 경멸될 때 그분에 대한 모든 경외가 떨쳐버려진다. 알기에 가장 유용한 교훈이다. 왜냐하면 하나님의 말씀은 소수에게만 그 합당한 영예를 얻기 때문이다.

불신앙이 이탈의 뿌리였다. 믿음만이 우리를 하나님과 연합시키는 것처럼. 거기서 교만과 자부심이 흘러나왔다. 여자가 먼저, 그다음 그녀의 남편이 하나님에 대항하여 자신들을 높이기를 원했다.

원주석

7절 카드 ↗

7. And the eyes of them both were opened . It was necessary that the eyes of Eve should be veiled till her husband also was deceived; but now both, being alike bound by the chain of an unhappy consent, begin to be sensible of their wretchedness although they are not yet affected with a deep knowledge of their fault. They are ashamed of their nakedness, yet, though convinced, they do not humble themselves before God, nor fear his judgements as they ought; they even do not cease to resort to evasions. Some progress, however, is made; for whereas recently they would, like giants, assault heaven by storm; now, confounded with a sense of their own ignominy, they flee to hiding-places. And truly this opening of the eyes in our first parents to discern their baseness, clearly proves them to have been condemned by their own judgment. They are not yet summoned to the tribunal of God; there is none who accuses them; is not then the sense of shame, which rises spontaneously, a sure token of guilt? The eloquence, therefore, of the whole world will avail nothing to deliver those from condemnation, whose own conscience has become the judge to compel them to confess their fault. It rather becomes us all to open our eyes, that, being confounded at our own disgrace, we may give to God the glory which is his due. God created man flexible; and not only permitted, but willed that he should be tempted. For he both adapted the tongue of the serpent beyond the ordinary use of nature, to the devil’s purpose, just as if any one should furnish another with a sword and armor; and then, though the unhappy event was foreknown by him, he did not apply the remedy, which he had the power to do. On the other hand, when we come to speak of man, he will be found to have sinned voluntarily, and to have departed from God, his Maker, by a movement of the mind not less free than perverse. Nor ought we to call that a light fault, which, refusing credit to the word of God, exalted itself against him by impious and sacrilegious emulation, which would not be subject to his authority, and which, finally, both proudly and perfidiously revolted from him. Therefore, whatever sin and fault there is in the fall of our first parents remains with themselves; but there is sufficient reason why the eternal counsel of God preceded it, though that reason is concealed from us. We see, indeed, some good fruit daily springing from a ruin so dreadful, inasmuch as God instructs us in humility by our miseries and then more clearly illustrates his own goodness; for his grace is more abundantly poured forth, through Christ, upon the world, than it was imparted to Adam in the beginning. Now, if the reason why this is so lies beyond our reach, it is not wonderful that the secret counsel of God should be to us like a labyrinth. (175) And they sewed fig - leaves together . What I lately said, that they had not been brought either by true shame or by serious fear to repentance, is now more manifest. They sew together for themselves girdles of leaves. (176) For what end? That they may keep God at a distance, as by an invincible barrier! Their sense of evil, therefore, was only confused, and combined with dulness, as is wont to be the case in unquiet sleep. There is none of us who does not smile at their folly, since, certainly, it was ridiculous to place such a covering before the eyes of God. In the meanwhile, we are all infected with the same disease; for, indeed, we tremble, and are covered with shame at the first compunctions of conscience; but self-indulgence soon steals in, and induces us to resort to vain trifles, as if it were an easy thing to delude God. Therefore unless conscience be more closely pressed there is no shadow of excuse too faint and fleeting to obtain our acquiescence; and even if there be no pretext whatever, we still make pleasures for ourselves, and, by an oblivion of three days’ duration, we imagine that we are well covered. (177) In short, the cold and faint (178) knowledge of sin, which is inherent in the minds of men, is here described by Moses, in order that they may be rendered inexcusable. (179) Then (as we have already said) Adam and his wife were yet ignorant of their own vileness, since with a covering so light they attempted to hide themselves from the presence of God. (175) To the question, ‘Why God did not create man without a possibility of sinning’, Peter Martyr replies: “Because such a state could not be suitable to the nature of any rational creature; since the creature, as a creature, remains infirm and feeble; whereas, also, he is not entirely one with the rule by which he is to be directed, (otherwise he would be God, the chief good, and chief rectitude,) it follows, that his nature may diverge from that rule. It was, however, possible for grace to confirm him so that he should not sin, which is believed to be the state of angels and of saints in heaven. But that dignity or reward would not be so highly esteemed, if this fallible and inconstant state of man had not preceded it.” — Peter Martyr, in Gen., fol. 14. Tiguri, 1579. — Ed . (176) “ Ex foliis perizomata .” (177) “ Imo si nullus fucus suppetat, facimus tamen nobis delicias, et tridui oblivione putamus nos bene esse tectos .” (178) “ Semimortua .” (179) What immediately follows is here given in the original: “ Quaeritamen potest, si tota natura peccati sordibus infecta est, cur tantum una in parte corporis deformitas appareat. Neque enim faciem vel pectus operiunt Adam et Heva: sed tantum pudenda quae vocamus. Hac occasione factum esse arbitror ut vulgo non aliam vitae corruptelam agnoscerent quam in libidine venerea. Atqui expendere debebant, non minorem fuisse in oculis et auribus verecundiae causam, quam in parte genitali, quae peccato nondum foedata erat: quum aures et oculi inquinassent Adam et Heva, et diabolo quasi arma praebuissent. Sed Deo fuit satis, extare in corpore humano aliquam pudendam notam, quae nos peccati commonefaciat .” return to '

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-7

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**이에 그들의 눈이 밝아졌고.** 이브의 눈이 그녀의 남편도 속임을 당할 때까지 가려져 있어야 할 필요가 있었다. 그러나 이제 불행한 동의의 사슬로 묶인 둘 다 자기들의 비참함을 느끼기 시작한다. 비록 그들이 아직 자기들의 잘못에 대한 깊은 인식에 사로잡혀 있지 않지만.

그들은 그들의 벌거벗음을 부끄러워한다. 그러나 확신을 받았음에도 그들은 하나님 앞에 자신을 낮추지도, 그래야 하는 것처럼 그분의 심판을 두려워하지도 않는다. 심지어 도망을 계속한다.

그러나 어떤 진전은 이루어진다. 왜냐하면 최근에 그들이 거인들처럼 폭풍으로 하늘을 공격하려 했던 반면에, 이제 자기들의 수치에 대한 인식으로 혼란스러워져서 숨을 곳을 향해 달려가기 때문이다.

그리고 진실로 우리 첫 부모가 그들의 비열함을 분별하기 위해 눈이 열렸다는 이것은 그들이 자기 자신의 판단에 의해 정죄되었음을 명확히 증명한다. 그들은 아직 하나님의 법정에 소환되지 않았다. 그들을 고발하는 자도 없다. 그렇다면 자발적으로 일어나는 수치심이 죄책의 확실한 증거가 아닌가?

그러므로 온 세계의 웅변도 자기 자신의 양심이 자기 잘못을 고백하도록 강요하는 판사가 된 자들을 정죄에서 구할 수 없을 것이다.

**무화과나무 잎을 엮어.** 내가 조금 전에 말한 것, 즉 그들이 참된 수치나 심각한 두려움에 의해 회개로 이끌리지 않았다는 것이, 이제 더욱 분명하다. 그들은 자기들을 위해 잎 허리띠를 꿰맨다. 무슨 목적으로? 그들이 마치 난공불락의 장벽으로 하나님을 거리에 두려는 것처럼! 따라서 그들의 악에 대한 인식은 단지 혼란스럽고 무감각과 결합된 것이었다. 마치 불안한 잠에서처럼.

우리 중에 그들의 어리석음에 미소 짓지 않는 사람이 없다. 왜냐하면 그러한 덮개를 하나님의 눈앞에 두는 것은 확실히 어리석은 일이기 때문이다.

그러는 동안, 우리 모두는 같은 병으로 감염되어 있다. 왜냐하면 실로 우리는 양심의 첫 번째 가책에서 떨고 수치심으로 덮이기 때문이다. 그러나 자기만족이 곧 스며들어, 마치 하나님을 속이는 것이 쉬운 일인 것처럼 허망한 것들에 의존하도록 우리를 유도한다.

따라서 양심이 더 가까이 압박받지 않으면, 우리의 동의를 얻기에는 너무 희미하고 덧없는 변명의 그림자가 없다. 그리고 어떤 구실도 없더라도, 우리는 여전히 쾌락을 만들어내며, 사흘간의 망각으로 우리가 잘 가려졌다고 상상한다.

요약하면, 사람들의 마음에 내재된 차갑고 희미한 죄에 대한 인식이 여기서 모세에 의해 묘사된다. 그들이 변명할 수 없게 되도록 하기 위해서이다.

원주석

8절 카드 ↗

8. And they heard the voice of the Lord God . As soon as the voice of God sounds, Adam and Eve perceive that the leaves by which they thought themselves well protected are of no avail. Moses here relates nothing which does not remain in human nature, and may be clearly discerned at the present day. The difference between good and evil is engraven on the hearts of all, as Paul teaches, ( Romans 2:15 ;) but all bury the disgrace of their vices under flimsy leaves till God, by his voice, strikes inwardly their consciences. Hence, after God had shaken them out of their torpor, their alarmed consciences compelled them to hear his voice. Moreover, what Jerome translates, ‘at the breeze after midday,’ (180) is, in the Hebrew, ‘at the wind of the day;’ (181) the Greeks, omitting the word ‘wind,’ have put ‘at the evening.’ (182) Thus the opinion has prevailed, that Adam, having sinned about noon, was called to judgment about sunset. But I rather incline to a different conjecture, namely, that being covered with their garment, they passed the night in silence and quiet, the darkness aiding their hypocrisy; then, about sunrise, being again thoroughly awakened, they recollected themselves. We know that at the rising of the sun the air is naturally excited; together, then, with this gentle breeze, God appeared; but Moses would improperly have called the evening air that of the day . Others take the word as describing the southern part or region; and certainly רוח ( ruach ) sometimes among the Hebrews signifies one or another region of the world. (183) Others think that the time is here specified as one least exposed to terrors, for in the clear light there is the greater security; and thus, they conceive, is fulfilled what the Scripture declares that they who have accusing consciences are always anxious and disquieted, even without any danger. To this point they refer what is added respecting the wind, as if Adam was terrified at the sound of a falling leaf. But what I have advanced is more true and simple, that what was hid under the darkness of the night was detected at the rising of the sun. Yet I do not doubt that some notable symbol of the presence of God was in that gentle breeze; for although (as I have lately said) the rising sun is wont daily to stir up some breath of air, this is not opposed to the supposition that God gave some extraordinary sign of his approach, to arouse the consciences of Adam and his wife. For, since he is in himself incomprehensible, he assumes, when he wishes to manifest himself to men, those marks by which he may be known. David calls the winds the messengers of God, on the wings of which he rides, or rather flies, with incredible velocity. ( Psalms 104:3 .) But, as often as he sees good, he uses the winds, as well as other created things, beyond the order of nature, according to his own will. Therefore, Moses, in here mentioning the wind, intimates (according to my judgment) that some unwonted and remarkable symbol of the Divine presence was put forth which should vehemently affect the minds of our first parents. This resource, namely, that of fleeing from God’s presence, was nothing better than the former; since God, with his voice alone, soon brings back the fugitives. It is. written, ‘Whither shall I flee from thy presence? If I traverse the sea, if I take wings and ascend above the clouds, if I descend into the profound abyss, thou, Lord, wilt be everywhere,’ ( Psalms 139:7 .) This we all confess to be true; yet we do not, in the meantime, cease to snatch at vain subterfuges; and we fancy that shadows of any kind will prove a most excellent defense. Nor is it to be here omitted, that he, who had found a few leaves to be unavailing, fled to whole trees; for so we are accustomed, when shut out from frivolous cavils, to frame new excuses, which may hide us as under a denser shade. When Moses says that Adam and his wife hid themselves ‘in the midst of the tree (184) of Paradise,’ I understand that the singular member is put for the plural; as if he had said, among the trees . (180) “ Ad auram post meridiem .” Vulgate. (181) לרוח היום , ( leruach hayom ). (182) Τὸ δειλινόν . Sept. (183) This criticism, it is presumed, cannot be maintained. It seems to derive no countenance whatever but from some passages of Scripture, which speak of God as scattering his people to the four winds of heaven. (See Jeremiah 49:32 , and Jeremiah 52:23 .) The common interpretation given in our version, “the cool of the day,” as applied to evening, is supported by the highest authorities, such as Cocceius, Schindler, Gesenius, and Lee. Le Clerc, however, adopts the same interpretation as Calvin. — Ed . (184) בתיך עץ הגו . ( Betok aitz haggan .) “ In medio ligni Paradisi .” — Vulgate. Εν μέσω του ξύλου του παραδείσου — Sept. Where the singular number is used in each case. It may be translated, “in the midst of the wood of Paradise;” and wood may be, as in English, used collectively for a number of trees, a forest, or a thicket. Calvin, in his version, translates the clause, “ in medio arborum horti .” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-8

Source

**그들이 날이 서늘할 때에 동산에 거니시는 여호와 하나님의 소리를 듣고.** 하나님의 소리가 울리자마자, 아담과 이브는 자기들이 잘 보호받았다고 생각했던 잎들이 아무 소용없다는 것을 깨닫는다.

모세는 여기서 인간 본성에 여전히 남아 있지 않고 현재에 명확히 분별될 수 없는 아무것도 서술하지 않는다. 선과 악의 차이는 바울이 가르치듯이(로마 2:15) 모든 이의 마음에 새겨져 있다. 그러나 모두가 하나님이 그분의 소리로 내적으로 그들의 양심을 치실 때까지 그들의 악덕의 수치를 희박한 잎들 아래 묻는다.

따라서 하나님께서 그들을 무기력에서 흔드신 후에, 그들의 놀란 양심이 그들을 그분의 목소리를 듣도록 강요하였다.

그러나 히에로니무스가 "한낮의 바람에"라고 번역하는 것은 히브리어로 "하루의 바람에"이다. 그리스인들은 "바람"이라는 단어를 빼고 "저녁에"라고 번역하였다. 따라서 아담이 정오쯤 죄를 지어 해 질 무렵에 심판으로 불려나갔다는 견해가 우세하게 되었다.

그러나 나는 다른 추측에 더 기울어진다. 즉 그들의 의복으로 덮인 채 어둠이 그들의 위선을 돕는 가운데 밤을 고요함과 침묵 안에서 보냈을 것이다. 그다음 해가 뜰 무렵에 완전히 깨어 그들이 정신을 차렸을 것이다.

우리는 해가 뜰 때 공기가 자연스럽게 흥분한다는 것을 안다. 따라서 이 부드러운 바람과 함께 하나님께서 나타나셨다. 그러나 모세는 적절하게 저녁 공기를 하루의 것으로 불렀을 것이다.

어떤 이들은 그 단어를 남쪽 부분 또는 지역을 묘사하는 것으로 취한다. 다른 이들은 이 시간이 가장 공포에 덜 노출된 것으로 여기서 명시된다고 생각한다. 밝은 빛 안에서 더 큰 안전이 있기 때문이다.

그러나 내가 제시한 것이 더 진실하고 단순하다. 즉 밤의 어둠 아래 숨어 있던 것이 해가 뜰 때 드러났다는 것이다. 그러나 나는 그 부드러운 바람 안에 어떤 주목할 만한 하나님의 임재의 상징이 있었다는 것을 의심하지 않는다.

다윗은 바람을 하나님의 사자라고 부른다. 그 날개 위에 그분이 타시거나 오히려 믿을 수 없는 속도로 날으신다(시편 104:3). 그러나 그분이 좋다고 보실 때마다, 그분은 그분 자신의 뜻에 따라 자연의 질서를 넘어서서 다른 피조된 것들과 마찬가지로 바람을 사용하신다.

따라서 모세는 여기서 바람을 언급함으로써, 내 판단에 의하면, 우리 첫 부모의 마음에 강렬하게 영향을 주어야 할 어떤 전례 없고 주목할 만한 하나님의 임재의 상징이 나타났다는 것을 암시한다.

하나님의 임재에서 도망치는 이 방법은 이전 것보다 나을 것이 없었다. 하나님께서 그분의 목소리만으로 곧 도망자들을 다시 데려오시기 때문이다. 기록되어 있다. "내가 주의 임재에서 어디로 도망하리이까? 내가 바다를 건너거나 날개를 달고 구름 위로 올라가거나 깊은 심연으로 내려가도, 주여, 당신은 어디서나 계실 것입니다"(시편 139:7).

원주석

9절 카드 ↗

9. And the Lord God called unto Adam . They had been already smitten by the voice of God, but they lay confounded under the trees, until another voice more effectually penetrated their minds. Moses says that Adam was called by the Lord. Had he not been called before? The former, however, was a confused sound, which had no sufficient force to press upon the conscience. Therefore God now approaches nearer, and from the tangled thicket of trees (185) draws him, however unwilling and resisting, forth into the midst. In the same manner we also are alarmed at the voice of God, as soon as his law sounds in our ears; but presently we snatch at shadows, until he, calling upon us more vehemently, compels us to come forward, arraigned at his tribunal. Paul calls this the life of the Law, (186) when it slays us by charging us with our sins. For as long as we are pleased with ourselves, and are inflated with a false notion that we are alive, the law is dead to us, because we blunt its point by our hardness; but when it pierces us more sharply, we are driven into new terrors. (185) “ Ex multiplici arborum complexu .” (186) “ Vitam Legis .” The life or power of the law. — See Romans 7:6 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-9

Source

**여호와 하나님이 아담을 부르시며.** 그들은 이미 하나님의 목소리에 쳐졌지만, 다른 목소리가 그들의 마음에 더 효과적으로 침투할 때까지 나무들 아래 혼란스럽게 누워 있었다.

모세는 아담이 주님에 의해 불려나갔다고 말한다. 그가 이전에 불려나가지 않았는가? 그러나 이전 것은 양심에 충분히 압박할 힘이 없는 혼란스러운 소리였다. 그러므로 하나님께서 이제 더 가까이 오시어, 복잡하게 얽힌 나무들의 숲에서 그가 마지못해 저항하더라도 그를 한가운데로 데려오신다.

마찬가지로 우리도 하나님의 목소리에 놀란다. 그분의 율법이 우리 귀에 울리자마자이다. 그러나 곧 우리는 그림자를 움켜잡는다. 그분이 우리를 더 강력하게 부르시어 그분의 법정에 기소되어 나오도록 강요하실 때까지.

바울은 이것을 율법의 생명이라고 부른다(로마 7:6). 우리를 죄로 고발함으로써 죽이는 것이다. 왜냐하면 우리가 자기 자신에게 기뻐하고 우리가 살아 있다는 잘못된 관념으로 부풀어 있는 한, 율법은 우리에게 죽어 있기 때문이다. 우리가 우리의 완고함으로 그 날카로움을 무디게 하기 때문이다. 그러나 그것이 우리를 더 날카롭게 찌를 때, 우리는 새로운 공포로 몰아간다.

원주석

10절 카드 ↗

10. And he said, I heard thy voice . Although this seems to be the confession of a dejected and humbled man, it will nevertheless soon appear that he was not yet properly subdued, nor led to repentance. He imputes his fear to the voice of God, and to his own nakedness, as, if he had never before heard God speaking without being alarmed, and had not been even sweetly exhilarated by his speech. His excessive stupidity appears in this, that he fails to recognize the cause of shame in his sin; he, therefore, shows that he does not yet so feel his punishment, as to confess his fault. In the meantime, he proves what I said before to be true, that original sin does not reside in one part of the body only, but holds its dominion over the whole man, and so occupies every part of the soul, that none remains in its integrity; for, notwithstanding his fig-leaves, he still dreads the presence of God. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-10

Source

**이르되 내가 동산에서 하나님의 소리를 듣고.** 이것이 낙심하고 겸손해진 사람의 고백처럼 보이지만, 그럼에도 그가 아직 적절하게 복종되지 않았고, 회개로 이끌리지 않았다는 것이 곧 나타날 것이다.

그는 두려움을 하나님의 목소리와 자기 자신의 벌거벗음에 귀속시킨다. 마치 그가 이전에 놀라지 않고 하나님이 말씀하시는 것을 들은 적이 결코 없었던 것처럼, 그리고 심지어 그분의 말씀으로 달콤하게 기쁨을 얻은 적이 없었던 것처럼.

그의 지나친 어리석음은 수치심의 원인을 자기 죄에서 인식하지 못하는 데서 나타난다. 따라서 그는 자기가 자기 잘못을 고백할 정도로 자기 형벌을 아직 느끼지 못하고 있음을 보여 준다.

그러는 동안, 그는 내가 전에 말한 것이 사실임을 증명한다. 즉 원죄가 몸의 한 부분에만 거주하지 않고, 온 사람 위에 그 지배권을 유지하며 영혼의 모든 부분을 그토록 차지하여 그 완전함 속에 남아 있는 것이 없다는 것이다. 왜냐하면 그의 무화과잎에도 불구하고 그가 여전히 하나님의 임재를 두려워하기 때문이다.

원주석

11절 카드 ↗

11. Who told thee that thou wast naked ? An indirect reprimand to reprove the sottishness of Adam in not perceiving his fault in his punishment, as if it had been said, not simply that Adam was afraid at the voice of God, but that the voice of his judge was formidable to him because he was a sinner. Also, that not his nakedness, but the turpitude of the vice by which he had defiled himself, was the cause of fear; and certainly he was guilty of intolerable impiety against God in seeking the origin of evil in nature. Not that he would accuse God in express terms; but deploring his own misery, and dissembling the fact that he was himself the author of it, he malignantly transfers to God the charge which he ought to have brought against himself. What the Vulgate translates, ‘Unless it be that thou hast eaten of the tree,’ (187) is rather an interrogation. (188) God asks, in the language of doubt, not as if he were searching into some disputable matter, but for the purpose of piercing more acutely the stupid man, who, laboring under fatal disease, is yet unconscious of his malady; just as a sick man, who complains that he is burning, yet thinks not of fever. Let us, however remember that we shall profit nothing by any prevarications but that God will always bind us by a most just accusation in the sin of Adam. The clause, “whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat,” is added to remove the pretext of ignorance. For God intimates that Adam was admonished in time; and that he fell from no other cause than this, that he knowingly and voluntarily brought destruction upon himself. Again, the atrocious nature of sin is marked in this transgression and rebellion; for, as nothing is more acceptable to God than obedience, so nothing is more intolerable than when men, having spurned his commandments, obey Satan and their own lust. (187) “ Nisi quod de arbore ,” are the words which Calvin gives. The expression of the Vulgate really is — “ Nisi quod ex ligno .” There is no difference in the sense. — Ed . (188) “ Nonne ex ipsa arbore... comedisti ?” as in our own version. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-12" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-11

Source

**이르시되 누가 너의 벗었음을 네게 알렸느냐.** 아담의 어리석음을 논박하기 위한 간접적인 꾸지람이다. 형벌에서 자기 잘못을 인식하지 못하면서이다. 마치 말씀하시기를, 아담이 단순히 하나님의 목소리에 두려워했다는 것이 아니라, 그가 죄인이었기 때문에 심판관의 목소리가 그에게 가공할 것이 되었다는 것처럼.

또한, 그의 벌거벗음이 아니라 자기가 스스로를 더럽힌 악덕의 수치가 두려움의 원인이었다는 것이다. 그리고 분명히 그는 악의 원점을 자연에서 찾음으로써 하나님에 대해 참을 수 없는 불경건을 범하고 있었다.

**내가 네게 먹지 말라 명한 그 나무 열매를 네가 먹었느냐?** 이 절은 무지의 구실을 제거하기 위해 추가된다. 왜냐하면 하나님은 아담이 제때에 경고받았다는 것을, 그리고 그가 알면서도 자발적으로 자신에게 멸망을 가져왔다는 것 이외의 다른 어떤 원인으로 타락하지 않았다는 것을 암시하시기 때문이다.

또한, 이 범죄와 반역에서 죄의 흉악한 성질이 표시된다. 하나님께 순종보다 더 열납되는 것이 없는 것처럼, 사람들이 그분의 계명을 거부하여 사탄과 그들 자신의 욕망에 복종할 때보다 더 참을 수 없는 것이 없기 때문이다.

원주석

12절 카드 ↗

12. The woman whom thou gavest to be with me . The boldness of Adam now more clearly betrays itself; for, so far from being subdued, he breaks forth into coarser blasphemy. He had before been tacitly expostulating with God; now he begins openly to contend with him, and triumphs as one who has broken through all barriers. Whence we perceive what a refractory and indomitable creature man began to be when he became alienated from God; for a lively picture of corrupt nature is presented to us in Adam from the moment of his revolt. ‘Every one,’ says James, ‘is tempted by his own concupiscence,’ ( James 1:14 ;) and even Adam, not otherwise than knowingly and willingly, had set himself, as a rebel, against God. Yet, just as if conscious of no evil, he puts his wife as the guilty party in his place. ‘Therefore I have eaten,’ he says, ‘because she gave.’ And not content with this, he brings, at the same time, an accusation against God; objecting that the wife, who had brought ruin upon him, had been given by God. We also, trained in the same school of original sin, are too ready to resort to subterfuges of the same kind; but to no purpose; for howsoever incitements and instigations from other quarters may impel us, yet the unbelief which seduces us from obedience to God is within us; the pride is within which brings forth contempt. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-12

Source

**아담이 이르되 하나님이 주셔서 나와 함께 있게 하신 여자.** 아담의 담대함이 이제 더욱 분명히 나타난다. 왜냐하면 그가 복종하기는커녕 더 거친 신성 모독으로 터져 나오기 때문이다.

그는 이전에 조용히 하나님께 항의하고 있었다. 이제 그는 공개적으로 그분과 다투기 시작하며, 모든 장벽을 뚫고 나온 자처럼 승리한다. 이로부터 우리는 사람이 하나님에게서 소외되었을 때 얼마나 반항적이고 제어할 수 없는 피조물이 되기 시작했는지를 인식한다.

"각 사람은 자기 자신의 탐욕에 의해 유혹을 받는다"(약 1:14). 그리고 아담도, 알면서도 기꺼이 외에 다름없이, 반역자로서 하나님께 대항하여 자신을 세웠다. 그러나 마치 아무 악도 알지 못하는 것처럼, 그는 자기 대신 죄 있는 당사자로 그의 아내를 내세운다.

"그러므로 내가 먹었습니다. 왜냐하면 그녀가 주었기 때문입니다"라고 그가 말한다. 그리고 이것에 만족하지 않고, 그는 동시에 하나님에 대한 비난을 제기한다. 그에게 멸망을 가져온 아내가 하나님에 의해 주어졌다고 반박하면서.

우리도, 원죄의 같은 학교에서 훈련되어, 그와 같은 종류의 도피처에 너무 기꺼이 의지한다. 그러나 아무 소용이 없다. 어떤 자극과 선동이 다른 곳에서 우리를 밀어붙이든, 하나님께 대한 복종에서 우리를 유혹하는 불신앙은 우리 안에 있기 때문이다. 경멸을 낳는 교만도 우리 안에 있다.

원주석

13절 카드 ↗

13. And the Lord God said unto the woman . God contends no further with the man, nor was it necessary; for he aggravates rather than diminishes his crime, first by a frivolous defense, then by an impious disparagement of God, in short, though he rages he is yet held convicted. The Judge now turns to the woman, that the cause of both being heard, he may at length pronounce sentence. The old interpreter thus renders God’s address: ‘Why hast thou done this?’ (189) But the Hebrew phrase has more vehemence; for it is the language of one who wonders as at something prodigious. It ought therefore rather to be rendered, ‘How hast thou done this?’ (190) as if he had said, ‘How was it possible that thou shouldst bring thy mind to be so perverse a counsellor to thy husband?’ The serpent beguiled me . Eve ought to have been confounded at the portentous wickedness concerning which she was admonished. Yet she is not struck dumb, but, after the example of her husband, transfers the charge to another; by laying the blame on the serpent, she foolishly, indeed, and impiously, thinks herself absolved. For her answer comes at length to this: ‘I received from the serpent what thou hadst forbidden; the serpent, therefore, was the impostor.’ But who compelled Eve to listen to his fallacies, and even to place confidence in them more readily than in the word of God? Lastly, how did she admit them, but by throwing open and betraying that door of access which God had sufficiently fortified? But the fruit of original sin everywhere presents itself; being blind in its own hypocrisy, it would gladly render God mute and speechless. And whence arise daily so many murmurs, but because God does not hold his peace whenever we choose to blind ourselves? (189) “ Quare hoc fecisti ?” — Vulgate . (190) “ Quomodo hoc fecisti ?” מה - זאת עשית return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-14" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-13

Source

**여호와 하나님이 여자에게 이르시되.** 하나님께서는 그 남자와 더 이상 다투지 않으신다. 필요하지도 않았다. 그는 사소한 변명으로 먼저, 그다음에 하나님에 대한 불경건한 폄하로 그의 죄를 더 가중시키기 때문이다. 요약하면, 비록 그가 분노할지라도 여전히 유죄로 붙들려 있다.

이제 심판관은 둘의 원인이 들려진 후 마침내 판결을 선언하기 위해 여자에게 돌이키신다. 하나님의 호소는 "네가 어찌하여 이렇게 하였느냐?"이다. 히브리어 구절은 더 큰 강도를 가진다. 그것은 무언가 엄청난 일에 놀라는 자의 언어이기 때문이다. 따라서 오히려 "네가 어떻게 이것을 행하였느냐?"로 번역되어야 한다. 마치 "네가 어떻게 이처럼 비뚤어진 조언자로 네 남편에게 행할 마음을 품을 수 있었느냐?"라고 하신 것처럼.

**뱀이 나를 꾀므로.** 이브는 그녀에게 경고된 엄청난 사악함으로 인해 혼란스러워져야 했다. 그러나 그녀는 말을 잃지 않는다. 오히려 남편의 예를 따라 그 책임을 다른 이에게로 전가한다. 뱀을 탓함으로써, 그녀는 어리석게도, 그리고 불경건하게도, 자기 자신이 사면받았다고 생각한다.

왜냐하면 그녀의 대답은 결국 이것에 이르기 때문이다. "나는 뱀에게서 당신이 금하신 것을 받았습니다. 따라서 뱀이 사기꾼입니다." 그러나 누가 이브에게 그의 궤변에 귀를 기울이도록, 심지어 그것을 하나님의 말씀보다 더 기꺼이 신뢰하도록 강요하였는가?

마지막으로, 하나님께서 충분히 요새화하셨던 그 접근의 문을 열고 배반한 것 외에 어떻게 그녀가 그것들을 받아들였는가?

그러나 원죄의 열매가 어디서나 나타난다. 자기 자신의 위선에 눈멀어, 그것은 기꺼이 하나님을 말없게 하고 침묵시키고 싶어한다. 그리고 우리가 스스로 눈멀기를 선택할 때마다 하나님이 침묵을 지키지 않으시므로 많은 불평이 날마다 일어난다.

원주석

14절 카드 ↗

14. And the Lord God said unto the serpent . He does not interrogate the serpent as he had done the man and the woman; because, in the animal itself there was no sense of sin, and because, to the devil he would hold out no hope of pardon. He might truly, by his own authority, have pronounced sentence against Adam and Eve, though unheard. Why then does he call them to undergo examination, except that he has a care for their salvation? This doctrine is to be applied to our benefit. There would be no need of any trial of the cause, or of any solemn form of judgment, in order to condemn us; wherefore, while God insists upon extorting a confession from us, he acts rather as a physician than as a judge. There is the same reason why the Lords before he imposes punishment on man, begins with the serpent. For corrective punishments (as we shall see) are of a different kind, and are inflicted with the design of leading us to repentance; but in this there is nothing of the sort. It is, however, doubtful to whom the words refer, whether to the serpent or to the devil. Moses, indeed, says that the serpent was a skillful and cunning animal; yet it is certain, that, when Satan was devising the destruction of man, the serpent was guiltless of his fraud and wickedness. Wherefore, many explain this whole passage allegorically, and plausible are the subtleties which they adduce for this purpose. But when all things are more accurately weighed, readers endued with sound judgment will easily perceive that the language is of a mixed character; for God so addresses the serpent that the last clause belongs to the devil. If it seem to any one absurd, that the punishment of another’s fraud should be exacted from a brute animal, the solution is at hand; that, since it had been created for the benefit of man, there was nothing improper in its being accursed from the moment that it was employed for his destruction. And by this act of vengeance God would prove how highly he estimates the salvation of man; just as if a father should hold the sword in execration by which his son had been slain. And here we must consider, not only the kind of authority which God has over his creatures, but also the end for which he created them, as I have recently said. For the equity of the divine sentence depends on that order of nature which he has sanctioned; it has, therefore, no affinity whatever with blind revenge. In this manner the reprobate will be delivered over into eternal fire with their bodies; which bodies, although they are not self-moved, are yet the instruments of perpetrating evil. So whatever wickedness a man commits is ascribed to his hands, and, therefore, they are deemed polluted; while yet they do not more themselves, except so far as, under the impulse of a depraved affection of the heart, they carry into execution what has been there conceived. According to this method of reasoning, the serpent is said to have done what the devil did by its means. But if God so severely avenged the destruction of man upon a brute animal, much less did he spare Satan, the author of the whole evil, as will appear more clearly in the concluding part of the address. Thou art cursed above all cattle This curse of God has such force against the serpents as to render it despicable, and scarcely tolerable to heaven and earth, leading a life exposed to, and replete with, constant terrors. Besides, it is not only hateful to us, as the chief enemy of the human race, but, being separated also from other animals, carries on a kind of war with nature; for we see it had before been so gentle that the woman did not flee from its familiar approach. But what follows has greater difficulty because that which God denounces as a punishment seems to be natural; namely, that it should creep upon its belly and eat dust. This objection has induced certain men of learning and ability to say, that the serpent had been accustomed to walk with an erect body before it had been abused by Satan. (191) There will, however, be no absurdity in supposing, that the serpent was again consigned to that former condition, to which he was already naturally subject. For thus he, who had exalted himself against the image of God, was to be thrust back into his proper rank; as if it had been said, ‘Thou, a wretched and filthy animal, hast dared to rise up against man, whom I appointed to the dominion of the whole world; as if, truly, thou, who art fixed to the earth, hadst any right to penetrate into heaven. Therefore, I now throw thee back again to the place whence thou hast attempted to emerge, that thou mayest learn to be contented with thy lot, and no more exalt thyself, to man’s reproach and injury.’ In the meanwhile he is recalled from his insolent motions to his accustomed mode of going, in such a way as to be, at the same time, condemned to perpetual infamy. To eat dust is the sign of a vile and sordid nature. This (in my opinion) is the simple meaning of the passage, which the testimony of Isaiah also confirms, ( Isaiah 65:25 ;) for while he promises under the reign of Christ, the complete restoration of a sound and well-constituted nature, he records, among other things, that dust shall be to the serpent for bread. Wherefore, it is not necessary to seek for any fresh change in each particular which Moses here relates. (191) See Bishop Patrick’s Commentary. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-15" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-14

Source

**여호와 하나님이 뱀에게 이르시되.** 그분은 남자와 여자에게 하신 것처럼 뱀을 심문하지 않으신다. 왜냐하면 그 동물 자체에는 죄에 대한 인식이 없었기 때문이다. 그리고 마귀에게는 그분이 사면의 어떤 희망도 제시하지 않으실 것이었기 때문이다.

그분은 진실로 그분 자신의 권위로 듣지 않고 아담과 이브에 대한 판결을 선언하실 수 있었을 것이다. 그렇다면 왜 그분이 그들을 심문 받게 부르셨는가? 그분이 그들의 구원을 돌보시기 때문이 아닌가? 이 교훈은 우리의 유익을 위해 적용되어야 한다.

그분이 사람에게 형벌을 부과하시기 전에 뱀에서 시작하시는 데도 같은 이유가 있다. 왜냐하면 교정적 형벌들(우리가 보게 될 것처럼)은 다른 종류이며 우리를 회개로 이끌기 위해 가해지기 때문이다. 그러나 이것에는 그런 것이 전혀 없다.

그러나 그 말씀들이 누구에게 관련되는지, 뱀에게인지 마귀에게인지 의문이다. 모세는 실로 뱀이 교활하고 능숙한 동물이었다고 말한다. 그러나 사탄이 사람의 파멸을 꾀하고 있었을 때, 뱀은 그의 사기와 사악함에 대해 무죄였음이 확실하다.

**땅에 기어다니고 흙을 먹을지니라.** 하나님의 이 저주가 뱀을 땅 위에서 비열하게, 하늘과 땅에 거의 참을 수 없게 만들 만큼 강한 힘을 가진다. 지속적인 공포에 노출되고 그것으로 가득 찬 삶을 인도하게 한다.

더욱이 그것은 인류의 주된 적으로서 우리에게 혐오스럽게 될 뿐만 아니라, 다른 동물들에게서도 분리되어 자연과 일종의 전쟁을 수행한다. 왜냐하면 우리는 그것이 이전에 여자가 그 친밀한 접근에서 달아나지 않을 만큼 순했음을 보기 때문이다.

그러나 그 다음에 오는 것이 더 큰 어려움을 가진다. 왜냐하면 하나님께서 형벌로 선언하시는 것이 자연스러운 것처럼 보이기 때문이다. 즉 그것이 배로 기어다니며 흙을 먹을 것이라는 것이다.

이 반론은 어떤 학식 있고 유능한 사람들을 사탄에 의해 남용되기 전에 뱀이 직립하는 몸으로 걷는 데 익숙해져 있었다고 말하도록 유도하였다.

그러나 뱀이 이미 자연적으로 종속된 그 이전 상태로 다시 내맡겨졌다고 가정하는 데 불합리한 것이 없다. 왜냐하면 이렇게 하나님의 형상에 대항하여 자신을 높인 자는 자기 고유한 위치로 다시 밀어 넣어져야 했기 때문이다. 마치 말씀하시기를, "너, 비천하고 더러운 동물이여, 내가 온 세계의 지배권으로 임명한 사람에 대항하여 감히 일어섰구나. 마치 진실로 땅에 고정되어 있는 너에게 하늘을 뚫을 어떤 권리가 있는 것처럼. 그러므로 이제 내가 너를 다시 네가 솟아나오려 했던 곳으로 던져 보낸다. 너의 몫에 만족하고 더 이상 사람의 책망과 해로움을 위해 자신을 높이지 않도록 배우기 위해"라고 하시는 것처럼.

그러는 동안 그는 자기의 거만한 움직임들에서 그의 일상적인 이동 방식으로 소환된다. 동시에 영구적인 불명예에 정죄되도록.

흙을 먹는 것이 비열하고 저열한 본성의 표시이다. 이것이 내 견해로는 이 구절의 단순한 의미이다. 이사야의 증언도 확인한다(사 65:25). 그분이 그리스도의 통치 아래 건전하고 잘 구성된 본성의 완전한 회복을 약속하는 동안, 그는 다른 것들 중에 뱀에게는 흙이 양식이 될 것이라고 기록한다.

원주석

15절 카드 ↗

15. I will put enmity . I interpret this simply to mean that there should always be the hostile strife between the human race and serpents, which is now apparent; for, by a secret feeling of nature, man abhors them. It is regarded, as among prodigies, that some men take pleasure in them; and as often as the sight of a serpent inspires us with horrors the memory of our fall is renewed. With this I combine in one continued discourse what immediately follows: ‘It shall wound thy head, and thou shalt wound its heel.’ For he declares that there shall be such hatred that on both sides they shall be troublesome to each other; the serpent shall be vexatious towards men, and men shall be intent on the destruction of serpents. Meanwhile, we see that the Lord acts mercifully in chastising man, whom he does not suffer Satan to touch except in the heel ; while he subjects the head of the serpent to be wounded by him. For in the terms head and heel there is a distinction between the superior and the inferior. And thus God leaves some remains of dominion to man; because he so places the mutual disposition to injure each other, that yet their condition should not be equal, but man should be superior in the conflict. Jerome, in turning the first member of the sentence, ‘Thou shalt bruise the head;’ (192) and the second, “Thou shalt be ensnared in the heel”, (193) does it without reason, for the same verb is repeated by Moses; the difference is to be noted only in the head and the heel, as I have just now said. Yet the Hebrew verb whether derived from שוף ( shooph ,) or from שפה ( shapha ,) some interpret to bruise or to strike , others to bite (194) I have, however, no doubt that Moses wished to allude to the name of the serpent which is called in Hebrew שפיפון ( shipiphon ,) from שפה ( shapha ,) or שוף ( shooph ). (195) We must now make a transition from the serpent to the author of this mischief himself; and that not only in the way of comparison, for there truly is a literal anagogy ; (196) because God has not so vented his anger upon the outward instrument as to spare the devil, with whom lay all the blame. That this may the more certainly appear to us, it is worth the while first to observe that the Lord spoke not for the sake of the serpent but of the man; fur what end could it answer to thunder against the serpent in unintelligible words? Wherefore respect was had to men; both that they might be affected with a greater dread of sin, seeing how highly displeasing it is to God, and that hence they might take consolation for their misery, because they would perceive that God is still propitious to them. But now it is obvious to and how slender and insignificant would be the argument for a good hope, if mention were here made of a serpent only; because nothing would be then provided for, except the fading and transient life of the body. Men would remain, in the meanwhile, the slaves of Satan, who would proudly triumph over them, and trample on their heads. Wherefore, that God might revive the fainting minds of men, and restore them when oppressed by despair, it became necessary to promise them, in their posterity victory over Satan, through whose wiles they had been ruined. This, then, was the only salutary medicine which could recover the lost, and restore life to the dead. I therefore conclude, that God here chiefly assails Satan under the name of the serpent, and hurls against him the lightning of his judgment. This he does for a twofold reason: first, that men may learn to beware of Satan as of a most deadly enemy; then, that they may contend against him with the assured confidence of victory. Now, though all do not dissent in their minds from Satan yea, a great part adhere to him too familiarly — yet, in reality, Satan is their enemy; nor do even those cease to dread him whom he soothes by his flatteries; and because he knows that the minds of men are set against him, he craftily insinuates himself by indirect methods, and thus deceives them under a disguised form. (197) In short, it is in grafted in us by nature to flee from Satan as our adversary. And, in order to show that he should be odious not to one generation only, God expressly says, ‘between thee and the seed of the woman,’ as widely indeed, as the human race shall be propagated. He mentions the woman on this account, because, as she had yielded to the subtlety of the devils and being first deceived, had drawn her husband into the participation of her ruin, so she had peculiar need of consolation. It shall bruise (198) This passage affords too clear a proof of the great ignorance, dullness, and carelessness, which have prevailed among all the learned men of the Papacy. The feminine gender has crept in instead of the masculine or neuter. There has been none among them who would consult the Hebrew or Greek codices , or who would even compare the Latin copies with each other. (199) Therefore, by a common error, this most corrupt reading has been received. Then, a profane exposition of it has been invented, by applying to the mother of Christ what is said concerning her seed. There is, indeed no ambiguity in the words here used by Moses; but I do not agree with others respecting their meaning ; for other interpreters take the seed for Christ , without controversy; as if it were said, that some one would arise from the seed of the woman who should wound the serpent’s head. Gladly would I give my suffrage in support of their opinion, but that I regard the word seed as too violently distorted by them; for who will concede that a collective noun is to be understood of one man only ? Further, as the perpetuity of the contest is noted, so victory is promised to the human race through a continual succession of ages. I explain, therefore, the seed to mean the posterity of the woman generally. But since experience teaches that not all the sons of Adam by far, arise as conquerors of the devil, we must necessarily come to one head, that we may find to

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-15

Source

**내가 너로 여자와 원수가 되게 하고.** 나는 이것을 단순히, 지금 분명한 것처럼, 인류와 뱀들 사이에 항상 적대적인 다툼이 있을 것이라는 것을 의미하는 것으로 해석한다. 왜냐하면 자연의 비밀스러운 느낌으로 사람이 그들을 혐오하기 때문이다.

어떤 사람들이 그들에서 즐거움을 얻는 것은 이례적인 일들 가운데 여겨진다. 그리고 뱀의 시각이 우리에게 공포감을 줄 때마다 우리의 타락에 대한 기억이 새로워진다.

나는 즉시 따라오는 것을 하나의 연속된 담화에 결합시킨다. "그것이 네 머리를 상하게 할 것이요 너는 그 발꿈치를 상하게 할 것이니라." 왜냐하면 그분은 양쪽에서 서로 성가시게 할 만큼의 증오가 있을 것이라고 선언하시기 때문이다. 뱀은 사람에게 해롭고, 사람은 뱀의 파괴에 열중할 것이다.

그러는 동안 우리는 주께서 사람을 징계하시는 데 자비롭게 행동하심을 본다. 그분은 사탄이 그 발꿈치 외에는 건드리지 못하도록 허용하시지 않으신다. 반면에 그분은 뱀의 머리가 그에 의해 상하도록 하신다. 왜냐하면 머리와 발꿈치라는 용어에서 더 우월한 것과 더 열등한 것 사이의 구별이 있기 때문이다.

따라서 하나님께서는 사람에게 지배권의 어떤 흔적을 남겨 두신다. 왜냐하면 그분이 서로 상처를 주려는 상호 성향을 그렇게 배치하셔서, 그럼에도 그들의 처지가 동등하지 않고, 사람이 갈등에서 우월하도록 하시기 때문이다.

이제 우리는 뱀에서 이 해악의 창시자 자신에게로 전환해야 한다. 그리고 단순한 비교의 방식에서만이 아니라, 하나님께서 그분의 노를 외적 도구에 쏟으시되 모든 책임이 있는 마귀를 아끼지 않으실 정도로이다.

이것이 우리에게 더 확실히 나타나도록, 주께서 사람을 위해서가 아니라 뱀의 유익을 위해 말씀하지 않으셨다는 것을 주목할 가치가 있다. 알아들을 수 없는 말로 뱀에게 천둥을 치는 것이 무슨 목적을 달성하겠는가?

그러므로 사람들에 대한 존중이 있었다. 죄가 하나님께 얼마나 크게 불쾌한지를 보여줌으로써 더 큰 죄에 대한 경외감으로 그들이 영향을 받도록 하기 위해서이다. 그리고 그들의 비참함을 위한 위로를 거기서 취할 수 있도록 하기 위해서이다. 하나님이 여전히 그들에게 은혜로우시다는 것을 그들이 인식할 것이기 때문이다.

원주석

16절 카드 ↗

16. Unto the woman he said . In order that the majesty of the judge may shine the more brightly, God uses no long disputation; whence also we may perceive of what avail are all our tergiversations with him. In bringing the serpent forward, Eve thought she had herself escaped. God, disregarding her cavils, condemns her. Let the sinner, therefore, when he comes to the bar of God, cease to contend, lest he should more severely provoke against himself the anger of him whom he has already too highly offended. We must now consider the kind of punishment imposed upon the woman. When he says, ‘I will multiply thy pains,’ he comprises all the trouble women sustain during pregnancy (201) It is credible that the woman would have brought forth without pain, or at least without such great suffering, if she had stood in her original condition; but her revolt from God subjected her to inconveniences of this kind. The expression, ‘pains and conception,’ is to be taken by the figure hypallage , (202) for the pains which they endure in consequence of conception. The second punishment which he exacts is subjection . For this form of speech, “Thy desire shall be unto thy husband,” is of the same force as if he had said that she should not be free and at her own command, but subject to the authority of her husband and dependent upon his will; or as if he had said, ‘Thou shalt desire nothing but what thy husband wishes.’ As it is declared afterwards, Unto thee shall be his desire, ( Genesis 4:7 .) Thus the woman, who had perversely exceeded her proper bounds, is forced back to her own position. She had, indeed, previously been subject to her husband, but that was a liberal and gentle subjection; now, however, she is cast into servitude. (201) “ Quum dicit, Multiplicabo dolores, complecitur quicquid molestiae sustinent mulieres, ex quo gravidae esse incipiunt, fastidium cibi, deliquia, lassitudines, aliaque innumera, usque dum ventum est ad partum, qui acerbissima tormenta secum affert. Est enim credibile ,” etc. (202) The use of one word for another. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-17" class="com-number"

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**또 여자에게 이르시되.** 심판관의 위엄이 더욱 빛날 수 있도록 하나님께서는 긴 논쟁을 사용하지 않으신다. 이로부터 또한 우리는 그분과의 모든 회피가 얼마나 소용없는지를 인식할 수 있다.

뱀을 내세움으로써, 이브는 자기 자신이 빠져나갔다고 생각하였다. 하나님께서는 그녀의 기만을 무시하시고 그녀를 정죄하신다. 따라서 죄인은 하나님의 법정에 올 때 다투기를 그치자. 이미 너무 심하게 죄를 지은 분의 노를 더 심하게 자기에게 자극할까 봐.

우리는 이제 여자에게 부과된 형벌의 종류를 고려해야 한다. 그분이 "내가 네 고통을 크게 더하리라"고 말씀하실 때, 그분은 여자들이 임신 기간에 겪는 모든 수고를 포함한다. 여자가 원래 상태에 서 있었다면 고통 없이, 또는 적어도 그토록 큰 고통 없이 출산했을 것임이 믿기지 않는 것이 아니다. 그러나 하나님에게서의 그녀의 반역이 이런 종류의 불편을 그녀에게 종속시켰다.

두 번째 형벌은 복종이다. "네 소원이 네 남편에게로 돌아갈 것이며"라는 이 말씀의 형식은 그녀가 자유롭지 않고 자기 자신의 통제 아래 있지 않으며, 남편의 권위에 종속되고 그의 뜻에 의존한다고 말하는 것과 같은 효력이다.

따라서 자기 적절한 경계를 왜곡하여 초과한 여자가 자기 자신의 위치로 다시 강제로 돌려보내진다. 그녀는 실로 이전에 남편에게 종속되어 있었다. 그러나 그것은 자유롭고 부드러운 복종이었다. 이제 그러나 그녀는 예속으로 내던져진다.

원주석

17절 카드 ↗

17. And unto Adam he said . In the first place, it is to be observed, that punishment was not inflicted upon the first of our race so as to rest on those two alone, but was extended generally to all their posterity, in order that we might know that the human race was cursed in their person; we next observe, that they were subjected only to temporal punishment, that, from the moderation of the divine anger, they might entertain hope of pardon. God, by adducing the reason why he thus punishes the man, cuts off from him the occasion of murmuring. For no excuse was left to him who had obeyed his wife rather than God; yea, had despised God for the sake of his wife, placing so much confidence in the fallacies of Satan, — whose messenger and servant she was, — that he did not hesitate perfidiously to deny his Maker. But, although God deals decisively and briefly with Adam, he yet refutes the pretext by which he had tried to escape, in order the more easily to lead him to repentance. After he has briefly spoken of Adam’s sin, he announces that the earth would be cursed for his sake. The ancient interpreter has translated it, ‘In thy work;’ (203) but the reading is to be retained, in which all the Hebrew copies agree, namely, the earth was cursed on account of Adam . Now, as the blessing of the earth means, in the language of Scripture, that fertility which God infuses by his secret power, so the curse is nothing else than the opposite privation, when God withdraws his favor. Nor ought it to seem absurd, that, through the sin of man, punishment should overflow the earth, though innocent. For as the primum mobile (204) rolls all the celestial spheres along with it, so the ruin of man drives headlong all those creatures which were formed for his sake, and had been made subject to him. And we see how constantly the condition of the world itself varies with respect to men, according as God is angry with them, or shows them his favor. We may add, that, properly speaking, this whole punishment is exacted, not from the earth itself, but from man alone. For the earth does not bear fruit for itself, but in order that food may be supplied to us out of its bowels. The Lord, however, determined that his anger should like a deluge, overflow all parts of the earth, that wherever man might look, the atrocity of his sin should meet his eyes. Before the fall, the state of the world was a most fair and delightful mirror of the divine favor and paternal indulgence towards man. Now, in all the elements we perceive that we are cursed. And although (as David says) the earth is still full of the mercy of God, ( Psalms 33:5 ,) yet, at the same time, appear manifest signs of his dreadful alienation from us, by which if we are unmoved, we betray our blindness and insensibility. Only, lest sadness and horror should overwhelm us, the Lord sprinkles everywhere the tokens of his goodness. Moreover although the blessing of God is never seen pure and transparent as it appeared to man in innocence yet, if what remains behind be considered in itself, David truly and properly exclaims, ‘The earth is full of the mercy of God.’ Again, by ‘eating of the earth,’ Moses means ‘eating of the fruits’ which proceed from it. The Hebrew word עצבון ( itsabon ,) which is rendered pain , (205) is also taken for trouble and fatigue . In this place, it stands in antithesis with the pleasant labor in which Adam previously so employed himself, that in a sense he might be said to play; for he was not formed for idleness, but for action. Therefore the Lord had placed him over a garden which was to be cultivated. But, whereas in that labor there had been sweet delight; now servile work is enjoined upon him, as if he were condemned to the mines. And yet the asperity of this punishment also is mitigated by the clemency of God, because something of enjoyment is blended with the labors of men, lest they should be altogether ungrateful, as I shall again declare under the next verse. (203) “ In opere tuo .” — Vulgate . The Septuagint makes the same mistake; Εν τοῖς ἕργοις σου . In thy works. (204) The primum mobile of ancient astronomy was held to be the ninth heaven, which surrounded those of the fixed stars, planets, and the atmosphere, and was regarded as the first mover of all the heavenly bodies. These bodies were at that time supposed to be carried round the earth by this powerful agent, while the earth itself remained as the center of the system. The Newtonian philosophy put all such theories to flight. — Ed . (205) “ Quod vertunt dolorem .” In Calvin’s own text it is, “ In labore “; in the Vulgate, “ In laboribus .” Gesenius renders the word “ Saure Arbeit ,” severe labor. — Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-18" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

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**아담에게 이르시되.** 첫째로, 우리 최초 인류에 대한 형벌이 그 둘에게만 머물도록 가해진 것이 아니라, 일반적으로 그들의 모든 자손에게로 확장되었음을 주목해야 한다. 우리가 인류가 그들의 인격 안에서 저주를 받았다는 것을 알 수 있도록 하기 위해서이다.

다음으로 우리는 그들이 단지 시간적 형벌에 종속되었음을 주목한다. 하나님의 노의 절제에서 그들이 사면의 소망을 품을 수 있도록 하기 위해서이다.

하나님께서는 그분이 이처럼 사람을 벌하시는 이유를 제시함으로써 불평의 계기를 그에게서 없애신다. 왜냐하면 하나님을 위해 아내를 경시하면서까지 아내에게 복종한 자, 심지어 사탄의 거짓말을 그토록 신뢰하여 그의 창조주를 불신하는 것을 망설이지 않은 자에게는 어떤 변명도 남겨지지 않기 때문이다.

그러나 하나님께서 아담을 결정적이고 간략하게 다루시지만, 그가 도망치려 했던 구실을 논박하신다. 그가 회개로 더 쉽게 이끌리도록 하기 위해서이다.

**땅은 너로 말미암아 저주를 받으리라.** 성경 언어에서 땅의 복이 하나님께서 그분의 은밀한 능력으로 불어넣으시는 비옥함을 의미하는 것처럼, 저주는 그분이 그분의 은혜를 철수시키실 때의 정반대 박탈 이외에 아무것도 아니다.

또한, 비록 죄 없는 땅을 통해 사람의 죄로 형벌이 흘러 넘쳐야 한다는 것이 불합리하게 보여서는 안 된다. 왜냐하면 원동자(primum mobile)가 모든 천구를 자기와 함께 움직이는 것처럼, 사람의 멸망은 그의 유익을 위해 형성되고 그에게 종속되었던 모든 피조물을 거꾸로 몰아넣기 때문이다.

그러나 사실 이 온 형벌은 땅 자체가 아니라 사람에게만 징수된다고 말하는 것이 더 적절하다. 왜냐하면 땅은 자기 자신을 위해 열매를 맺지 않고, 그 품에서 우리에게 양식이 공급되도록 하기 위해서이기 때문이다.

타락하기 전에 세계의 상태는 사람을 향한 하나님의 은혜와 아버지다운 관대함의 가장 아름답고 즐거운 거울이었다. 이제 모든 원소에서 우리는 우리가 저주받았음을 인식한다. 비록 다윗이 말하듯이 땅이 여전히 하나님의 자비로 충만하지만(시편 33:5), 우리에 대한 그분의 두려운 소외의 분명한 징표들도 나타난다.

원주석

18절 카드 ↗

18. Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth . He more largely treats of what he has already alluded to, namely, the participation of the fruits of the earth with labor and trouble. And he assigns as the reason, that the earth will not be the same as it was before, producing perfect fruits; for he declares that the earth would degenerate from its fertility, and bring forth briers and noxious plants. Therefore we may know, that whatsoever unwholesome things may be produced, are not natural fruits of the earth, but are corruptions which originate from sin. Yet it is not our part to expostulate with the earth for not answering to our wishes, and to the labors of its cultivators as if it were maliciously frustrating our purpose; but in its sterility let us mark the anger of Gods and mourn over our own sins. It here been falsely maintained by some that the earth is exhausted by the long succession of time, as if constant bringing forth had wearied it. They think more correctly who acknowledge that, by the increasing wickedness of men, the remaining blessing of God is gradually diminished and impaired; and certainly there is danger, unless the world repent, that a great part of men should shortly perish through hunger, and other dreadful miseries. The words immediately following, Thou shalt eat the herb of the field, are expounded too strictly (in my judgment) by those who think that Adam was thereby deprived of all the fruits which he had before been permitted to eat. God intends nothing more than that he should be to such an extent deprived of his former delicacies as to be compelled to use, in addition to them, the herbs which had been designed only for brute animals. For the mode of living at first appointed him, in that happy and delightful abundance, was far more delicate than it afterwards became. God, therefore, describes a part of this poverty by the word herbs , just as if a king should send away any one of his attendants from the upper table, to that which was plebeian and mean; or, as if a father should feed a son, who had offended him, with the coarse bread of servants; not that he interdicts man from all other food, but that he abates much of his accustomed liberality. This, however might be taken as added for the purpose of consolation, as if it had been said, ‘Although the earth, which ought to be the mother of good fruits only, be covered with thorns and briers, still it shall yield to thee sustenance whereby thou mayest be fed.’ return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"

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bible-text/gen-3-18

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**가시덤불과 엉겅퀴를 낼 것이라.** 그분은 이미 암시하신 것, 즉 수고와 어려움으로 땅의 열매에 참여하는 것을 더 넓게 다루신다. 그리고 그분은, 땅이 이전과 같지 않고 완전한 열매를 생산하지 않을 것이므로, 그 이유로 그것이 본래의 비옥함에서 퇴화하여 가시와 해로운 식물들을 낼 것이라고 선언하신다.

따라서 우리는 생산될 수 있는 어떤 건강에 해로운 것들도 땅의 자연적인 열매가 아니라, 죄에서 기원하는 부패임을 알 수 있다.

그러나 땅이 우리의 소원과 경작자들의 수고에 응하지 않는다고 땅에 항의하는 것은 우리의 할 일이 아니다. 마치 그것이 의도적으로 우리의 목적을 좌절시키는 것처럼. 오히려 그 불모지에서 하나님의 노를 인식하고 우리 자신의 죄를 슬퍼하자.

어떤 이들은 땅이 오랜 세월의 연속으로 지쳐 있다고 거짓으로 주장해 왔다. 마치 끊임없는 출산이 그것을 피곤하게 한 것처럼. 그들이 더 올바르게 생각한다. 사람들의 증가하는 사악함으로 하나님의 나머지 복이 점진적으로 감소하고 줄어든다고 인정하는 자들이다.

원주석

19절 카드 ↗

19. In the sweat of thy face . Some indeed, translate it ‘labor;’ the translation, however, is forced. But by “sweat” is understood hard labor and full of fatigue and weariness, which, by its difficulty produces sweat. It is a repetition of the former sentence, where it was said, ‘Thou shalt eat it in labor.’ Under the cover of this passage, certain ignorant persons would rashly impel all men to manual labor; for God is not here teaching as a master or legislator, but only denouncing punishment as a judge. And, truly, if a law had been here prescribed, it would be necessary for all to become husband men, nor would any place be given to mechanical arts; we must go out of the world to seek for clothing and other necessary conveniences of life. What, then, does the passage mean? Truly God pronounces, as from his judgment-seat, that the life of man shall henceforth be miserable, because Adam had proved himself unworthy of that tranquil, happy and joyful state for which he had been created. Should any one object that there are many inactive and indolent persons, this does not prevent the curse from having spread over the whole human race. For I say that no one lies torpid in such a degree of sloth as not to be under the necessity of experiencing that this curse belongs to all. Some flee from troubles, and many more do all they can to grasp at immunity from them; but the Lord subjects all, without exception, to this yoke of imposed servitude. It is, nevertheless, to be, at the same time, maintained that labor is not imposed equally on each, but on some more, on others less. Therefore, the labor common to the whole body is here described; not that which belongs peculiarly to each member, except so far as it pleases the Lord to divide to each a certain measure from the common mass of evils. It is, however, to be observed, that they who meekly submit to their sufferings, present to God an acceptable obedience, if, indeed, there be joined with this bearing of the cross, that knowledge of sin which may teach them to be humble. Truly it is faith alone which can offer such a sacrifice to God; but the faithful the more they labor in procuring a livelihood, with the greater advantage are they stimulated to repentance, and accustom themselves to the mortification of the flesh; yet God often remits a portion of this curse to his own children, lest they should sink beneath the burden. To which purpose this passage is appropriate, ‘Some will rise early and go late to rest, they will eat the bread of carefulness, but the Lord will give to his beloved sleep,’ ( Psalms 127:2 .) So far, truly, as those things which had been polluted in Adam are repaired by the grace of Christ, the pious feel more deeply that God is good, and enjoy the sweetness of his paternal indulgence. But because, even in the best, the flesh is to be subdued, it not infrequently happens that the pious themselves are worn down with hard labors and with hunger. There is, therefore, nothing better for us than that we, being admonished of the miseries of the present life, should weep over our sins, and seek that relief from the grace of Christ which may not only assuage the bitterness of grief, but mingle its own sweetness with it. (206) Moreover, Moses does not enumerate all the disadvantages in which man, by sin, has involved himself; for it appears that all the evils of the present life, which experience proves to be innumerable, have proceeded from the same fountain. The inclemency of the air, frost, thunders, unseasonable rains, drought, hail, and whatever is disorderly in the world, are the fruits of sin. Nor is there any other primary cause of diseases. This has been celebrated in poetical fables, and was doubtless handed down, by tradition, from the fathers. Hence that passage in Horace: — “When from Heaven’s fane the furtive hand Of man the sacred fire withdrew, A countless host — at God’s command — To earth of fierce diseases flew; And death — till now kept far away Hastened his step to seize his prey. (207) But Moses, who, according to his custom, studies a brevity adapted to the capacity of the common people, was content to touch upon what was most apparent, in order that, from one example, we may learn that the whole order of nature was subverted by the sin of man. Should any one again object, that no suffering was imposed on men which did not also belong to women: I answer, it was done designedly, to teach us, that from the sin of Adam, the curse flowed in common to both sexes; as Paul testifies, that ‘all are dead in Adam,’ ( Romans 5:12 .) One question remains to be examined — ‘When God had before shown himself propitious to Adam and his wife, — having given them hope of pardon, — why does he begin anew to exact punishment from them? Certainly in that sentence, ‘the seed of the woman shall bruise the head of the serpent,’ the remission of sins and the grace of eternal salvation is contained. But it is absurd that God, after he has been reconciled, should actually prosecute his anger. To untie this knot, some have invented a distinction of a twofold remission, namely, a remission of the fault and a remission of the punishment , to which the figment of satisfactions was afterwards annexed. They have feigned that God, in absolving men from the fault, still retains the punishment; and that, according to the rigour of his justice, he will inflict at least a temporal punishment. But they who imagined that punishments are required as compensations , have been preposterous interpreters of the judgments of God. For God does not consider, in chastising the faithful, what they deserve; but what will be useful to them in future; and fulfils the office of a physician rather than of a judge. (208) Therefore, the absolution which he imparts to his children is complete and not by halves. That he, nevertheless, punishes those who are received into favor, is to be regarded as a kind of chastisement which serves as medicine for future time, but o

Pericope (part_of)

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bible-text/gen-3-19

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**네 얼굴에 땀을 흘려야.** 어떤 이들은 그것을 "노동"으로 번역한다. 그러나 그 번역은 강요된 것이다. "땀"으로 어렵고 피로와 피곤함으로 가득한 노동이 이해된다. 그 어려움으로 땀을 낸다.

이것은 이전 문장의 반복이다. "네가 수고해야 그것을 먹을 것이라"고 말씀하신 곳에서처럼. 이 구절의 빌미로 어떤 무지한 사람들은 모든 사람을 경솔하게 육체노동으로 내몰려 한다. 왜냐하면 하나님은 여기서 주인이나 입법자로서가 아니라 단지 심판관으로서 형벌을 선언하시기 때문이다.

그리고 진실로, 만일 법이 여기서 규정되었다면, 모두가 농부가 되어야 하는 것이 필요하고, 기계적인 기술에는 어떤 자리도 주어지지 않는다.

그렇다면 이 구절의 의미는 무엇인가? 진실로 하나님께서는 그분의 심판석에서, 마치 그분의 판결석에서처럼, 이제부터 사람의 삶이 비참할 것이라고 선언하신다. 아담이 그를 위해 창조된 그 평온하고 행복하고 즐거운 상태에 어울리지 않음을 입증하였기 때문이다.

혹자가 게으르고 태만한 많은 사람들이 있다고 반론한다면, 이것은 저주가 온 인류에게 퍼지는 것을 방해하지 않는다. 나는 아무도 그토록 심한 나태함 가운데 죽어 있지 않아 이 저주가 모든 이에게 속한다는 것을 경험할 필요가 없는 정도라고 말한다.

어떤 이들은 어려움에서 도망치고 많은 이들은 면제를 잡으려고 할 수 있는 모든 것을 한다. 그러나 주께서는 예외 없이 모두를 이 부과된 예속의 멍에 아래 두신다.

그러나 동시에 노동이 각 사람에게 동등하게 부과되는 것이 아니라 어떤 이들에게는 더, 다른 이들에게는 덜이라는 것이 유지되어야 한다. 그러므로 전체 몸에 공통된 노동이 여기서 묘사된다.

**너는 흙이니 흙으로 돌아가리라.** 모세가 아담에게 부과된 형벌들을 열거하는 데서 그는 현재 삶의 모든 불이익을 망라하지 않는다. 왜냐하면 경험이 헤아릴 수 없이 많다고 입증하는 현재 삶의 모든 악들이 같은 원천에서 나왔음이 나타나기 때문이다. 공기의 불온함, 서리, 천둥, 계절에 맞지 않는 비, 가뭄, 우박, 그리고 세계에서 무질서한 것은 무엇이든 죄의 열매들이다. 질병의 다른 제1원인도 없다.

이제 남은 한 가지 질문이 검토되어야 한다. 하나님께서 이전에 아담과 그의 아내에게 자신이 은혜로우시다는 것을 보여주셨고, 사면의 소망을 주셨을 때, 왜 새삼스럽게 그들로부터 형벌을 징수하기 시작하시는가? 분명히 "여자의 씨가 뱀의 머리를 상하게 할 것이니라"는 그 판결에는 죄의 사면과 영원한 구원의 은혜가 포함되어 있다. 그러나 하나님께서 화목하신 후에도 실제로 그분의 노를 추구하신다는 것은 불합리하다.

이 매듭을 풀기 위해 어떤 이들은 이중 사면의 구별을 고안하였다. 즉 허물의 사면과 형벌의 사면이다. 이에 속죄의 허구가 그 이후에 부속되었다. 그들은 하나님께서 사람들을 허물에서 사면하시면서도 형벌은 여전히 유지하신다고 꾸몄다.

그러나 형벌이 보상으로 요구된다고 상상한 자들은 하나님의 심판들을 잘못 해석하는 자들이었다. 왜냐하면 하나님은 신실한 자들을 징계하실 때 그들이 어떤 것을 받을 만한지를 고려하지 않으시기 때문이다. 오히려 미래를 위해 그들에게 유익한 것이 무엇인지를 고려하신다. 그리고 심판관보다 의사의 직분을 수행하신다.

그러므로 그분이 그분 자신의 자녀들에게 부여하시는 사면은 완전하고 절반에 그치지 않는다. 그럼에도 그분이 은혜 안에 받아들여진 자들을 벌하신다는 것은, 미래를 위한 약으로서 쓰이는 일종의 징계로 여겨져야 한다.

원주석

20절 카드 ↗

20. And Adam called, etc . There are two ways in which this may be read. The former, in the pluperfect tense, ‘Adam had called.’ If we follow this reading, the sense of Moses will be, that Adam had been greatly deceived, in promising life to himself and to his posterity, from a wife, whom he afterwards found by experience to be the introducer of death . And Moses (as we have seen) is accustomed, without preserving the order of the history, to subjoin afterwards things which had been prior in point of time. If, however we read the passage in the preterite tense, it may be understood either in a good or bad sense. There are those who think that Adam, animated by the hope of a more happy condition, because God had promised that the head of the serpent should be wounded by the seed of the woman, called her by a name implying life.’ (210) This would be a noble and even heroic fortitude of mind; since he could not, without an arduous and difficult struggle, deem her the mother of the living, who, before any man could have been born, had involved all in eternal destruction. But, because I fear lest this conjecture should be weak, let the reader consider whether Moses did not design rather to tax Adam with thoughtlessness, who being himself immersed in death, yet gave to his wife so proud a name. Nevertheless, I do not doubt that, when he heard the declaration of God concerning the prolongation of life, he began again to breathe and to take courage; and then, as one revived, he gave his wife a name derived from life ; but it does not follow, that by a faith accordant with the word of God, he triumphed, as he ought to have done, over death. I therefore thus expound the passage; as soon as he had escaped present death, being encouraged by a measure of consolation, he celebrated that divine benefit which, beyond all expectation, he had received, in the name he gave his wife. (211) (210) “ Vocasse eam vivificam .” (211) It is probable, however, that more than this is here meant. The Hebrew word חוה , ( chavah ,) Eve, is in the Septuagint rendered ζωή , life ; and, as Fagius observes, Adam comforted himself in his wife, because he should, through Eve, produce a posterity in which (as parents in their children) they should be permanently victorious. — Pol. Syn. — Ed return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-21" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-20

Source

**아담이 그의 아내의 이름을 하와라 불렀다.** 이것은 두 가지 방식으로 읽힐 수 있다. 과거완료 시제로, "아담이 불렀었다"는 식으로. 이 읽기를 따른다면 모세의 의미는, 아담이 후에 죽음의 도입자로 경험을 통해 알게 된 아내에게서 자신과 그의 자손을 위한 생명을 약속함으로써 크게 속았다는 것이다.

그러나 우리가 그 구절을 단순 과거로 읽는다면, 좋은 의미나 나쁜 의미로 이해될 수 있다.

어떤 이들은 아담이 여자의 씨에 의해 뱀의 머리가 상하게 될 것이라고 하나님께서 약속하셨기 때문에, 더 행복한 상태의 소망으로 활기를 얻어 "생명"을 의미하는 이름을 그녀에게 붙였다고 생각한다. 이것은 고귀하고 심지어 영웅적인 마음의 용기일 것이다. 어떤 사람이 태어나기도 전에 모든 이를 영원한 멸망에 연루시킨 그녀를 생명자의 어머니로 여기는 것은 어렵고 힘든 투쟁 없이는 할 수 없기 때문이다.

그러나 이 추측이 약한 것이 아닐까 두려우므로, 독자들이 모세가 오히려 아담의 경솔함을 지적하려 하지 않았는지 고려하도록 하자. 그가 죽음에 잠긴 채로 그의 아내에게 그처럼 자랑스러운 이름을 주었기 때문이다.

그럼에도 나는 의심하지 않는다. 그가 하나님의 삶의 연장에 관한 선언을 들었을 때, 그가 다시 숨을 쉬고 용기를 취하기 시작했다는 것을. 그다음 소생한 자로서 그가 삶에서 이끌어낸 이름을 아내에게 주었다는 것을. 그러나 그것이 하나님의 말씀에 일치하는 믿음으로 그가 마땅히 했어야 하는 것처럼 죽음에 대해 승리했다는 것은 아니다.

따라서 나는 이렇게 이 구절을 해석한다. 현재의 죽음에서 빠져나오자마자 어느 정도의 위로로 격려를 받아, 그는 전혀 예상치 못하게 받은 그 신적 유익을 그가 아내에게 붙인 이름 안에서 찬양하였다.

원주석

21절 카드 ↗

21. Unto Adam also, and to his wife, did the Lord God make, etc . Moses here, in a homely style, declares that the Lord had undertaken the labor of making garments of skins for Adam and his wife. It is not indeed proper so to understand his words, as if God had been a furrier, or a servant to sew clothes. Now, it is not credible that skins should have been presented to them by chance; but, since animals had before been destined for their use, being now impelled by a new necessity, they put some to death, in order to cover themselves with their skins, having been divinely directed to adopt this counsel; therefore Moses calls God the Author of it. The reason why the Lord clothed them with garments of skin appears to me to be this: because garments formed of this material would have a more degrading appearance than those made of linen or of woolen. (212) God therefore designed that our first parents should, in such a dress, behold their own vileness, — just as they had before seen it in their nudity, — and should thus be reminded of their sin. (213) In the meantime, it is not to be denied, that he would propose to us an example, by which he would accustom us to a frugal and inexpensive mode of dress. And I wish those delicate persons would reflect on this, who deem no ornament sufficiently attractive, unless it exceed in magnificence. Not that every kind of ornament is to be expressly condemned; but because when immoderate elegance and splendor is carefully sought after, not only is that Master despised, who intended clothing to be a sign of shame, but war is, in a certain sense, carried on against nature. (212) “ Quia [vestes] ex ea materia confectae, belluinum quiddam magis saperent, quam linae vel laneae .” (213) “As the prisoner, looking on his irons, thinketh on his theft, so we, looking on our garments, should think on our sins.” — Trapp . For an ample discussion of the reasons why a more comprehensive view should be taken of this subject than Calvin here adopts, the reader may turn to Dr. Magee’s learned “Discourses and Dissertations on the Scriptural Doctrines of Atonement and Sacrifice;” where he will see, that the origin of the clothing with skins was most probably connected with a previous appointment of the sacrifice of animals. — See Magee , note 52:— Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-22" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-21

Source

**여호와 하나님이 아담과 그의 아내를 위하여 가죽옷을 지어 입히시니라.** 모세는 여기서 소박한 문체로 주께서 아담과 그의 아내를 위해 가죽 의복을 만드는 수고를 하셨다고 선언한다. 하나님이 마치 모피 세공인이나 바느질하는 종이기나 한 것처럼 그 말씀을 이해하는 것은 적절하지 않다.

이제, 가죽들이 우연히 그들에게 제시되었을 것이라고 믿을 수 없다. 그러나 동물들이 이전에 그들의 사용을 위해 정해져 있었으므로, 새로운 필요에 의해 이제 밀려, 그들은 어떤 것들을 죽였다. 그들의 가죽으로 자기들을 덮기 위해서이다. 이 상담을 채택하도록 신적으로 지도받아서이다. 그러므로 모세는 하나님을 그것의 창시자라고 부른다.

주께서 그들을 가죽 의복으로 입히신 이유는 내 견해로는 이것이다. 그런 재료로 만들어진 의복이 삼베나 양모로 만들어진 것보다 더 불명예스러운 모습을 가질 것이기 때문이다. 그러므로 하나님께서는 우리 최초 부모가 그런 의복에서 마치 그들의 벌거벗음에서 보았던 것처럼 자기들의 비천함을 볼 것을 설계하셨다. 그리고 그렇게 그들의 죄를 상기시키기 위해서이다.

그러는 동안, 그분이 우리에게 절제적이고 비용이 적게 드는 옷 방식에 우리를 익숙하게 하시는 예를 제시하려 하셨다는 것을 부정할 수 없다. 그리고 나는 이 섬세한 사람들이 이것을 숙고하기를 원한다. 그들은 웅장함에서 초과하지 않는 한 충분히 매력적인 어떤 장식도 여기지 않는다.

원주석

22절 카드 ↗

22. Behold, the man is become as one of us (214) An ironical reproof, by which God would not only prick the heart of man, but pierce it through and through. He does not, however, cruelly triumph over the miserable and afflicted; but, according to the necessity of the disease, applies a more violent remedy. For, though Adam was confounded and astonished at his calamity, he yet did not so deeply reflect on its cause as to become weary of his pride, that he might learn to embrace true humility. We may add, that God inveighed, by this irony, (215) not more against Adam himself then against his posterity, for the purpose of commending modesty to all ages. The particle, “Behold,” denotes that the sentence is pronounced upon the cause then in hand. And, truly, it was a sad and horrid spectacle; that he, in whom recently the glory of the Divine image was shining, should lie hidden under fetid skins to cover his own disgrace, and that there should be more comeliness in a dead animal than in a living man! The clause which is immediately added, “To know good and evil,” describes the cause of so great misery, namely, that Adam, not content with his condition, had tried to ascend higher than was lawful; as if it had been said, ‘See now whither thy ambition and thy perverse appetite for illicit knowledge have precipitated thee.’ Yet the Lord does not even deign to hold converse with him, but contemptuously draws him forth, for the sake of exposing him to greater infamy. Thus was it necessary for his iron pride to be beaten down, that he might at length descend into himself, and become more and more displeased with himself. One of us . Some refer the plural number here used to the angels, as if God would make a distinction between man, who is an earthly and despised animal, and celestial beings; but this exposition seems farfetched. The meaning will be more simple if thus resolved, ‘After this, Adam will be so like Me, that we shall become companions for each other.’ The argument which Christians draw from this passage for the doctrine of the three Persons in the Godhead is, I fear, not sufficiently firm. (216) There is not, indeed, the same reason for it as in the former passage, “Let us make man in our image,” since here Adam is included in the word Us; but, in the other place, a certain distinction in the essence of God is expressed. And now, lest, etc . There is a defect in the sentence which I think ought to be thus supplied: ‘It now remains that in future, he be debarred from the fruit of the tree of life;’ for by these words Adam is admonished that the punishment to which he is consigned shall not be that of a moment, or of a few days, but that he shall always be an exile from a happy life. They are mistaken who think this also to be an irony; as if God were denying that the tree would prove advantageous to man, even though he might eat of it; for he rather, by depriving him of the symbol, takes also away the thing signified. We know what is the efficacy of sacraments; and it was said above that the tree was given as a pledge of life. Wherefore, that he might understand himself to be deprived of his former life, a solemn excommunication is added; not that the Lord would cut him off from all hope of salvation, but, by taking away what he had given, would cause man to seek new assistance elsewhere. Now, there remained an expiation in sacrifices, which might restore him to the life he had lost. Previously, direct communication with God was the source of life to Adam; but, from the moment in which he became alienated from God, it was necessary that he should recover life by the death of Christ, by whose life he then lived. It is indeed certain, that man would not have been able, had he even devoured the whole tree, to enjoy life against the will of God; but God, out of respect to his own institution, connects life with the external sign, till the promise should be taken away from it; for there never was any intrinsic efficacy in the tree; but God made it life-giving, so far as he had sealed his grace to man in the use of it, as, in truths he represents nothing to us with false signs, but always speaks to us, as they say, with effect. In short, God resolved to wrest out of the hands of man that which was the occasion or ground of confidence, lest he should form for himself a vain hope of the perpetuity of the life which he had lost. (214) “ Adam quasi unus .” (215) “ Hac subsannatione .” (216) Bishop Patrick, who contends for the interpretation here opposed, says, “Like one of us. These words plainly insinuate a plurality of Persons in the Godhead, and all other explications of them seem forced and unnatural; that of Mr. Calvin’s being as disagreeable to the Hebrew phrase as that of Socinus to the excellency of the Divine nature.” — Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-23" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-22

Source

**여호와 하나님이 이르시되 보라 이 사람이 선악을 아는 일에 우리 중 하나같이 되었으니.** 사람의 마음을 찌를 뿐만 아니라 그것을 완전히 관통하려는 풍자적 꾸지람이다. 그러나 그분은 비참하고 고통받는 자를 잔인하게 조롱하지 않으신다. 오히려 질병의 필요에 따라 더 강렬한 치료약을 적용하신다.

왜냐하면 아담이 그의 재앙으로 혼란스럽고 충격을 받았지만, 그는 그 원인을 그토록 깊이 반성하지 않아 자기 자신의 교만에 지쳐 참된 겸손을 받아들이도록 배우지 않았기 때문이다. 우리는 또한 하나님이 이 풍자로 아담 자신보다 그의 자손에 대항하여 더 많이 성토하셨다고 말할 수 있다. 모든 시대에 겸손을 권하기 위해서이다.

"보라"는 입자는 당시 문제에 대한 판결이 선언되었음을 나타낸다. 그리고 진실로 그것은 슬프고 두려운 광경이었다. 최근에 하나님의 형상의 영광이 빛났던 그가 이제 자기 자신의 수치를 가리기 위해 고약한 냄새나는 가죽 아래 숨어 있고, 살아있는 사람에서보다 죽은 동물에서 더 많은 아름다움이 있다는 것이!

바로 이어서 추가되는 절 "선악을 알게 됨이라"는 그처럼 큰 비참함의 원인을 묘사한다. 즉 아담이 자기 처지에 만족하지 않고 허용된 것보다 더 높이 올라가려 했다는 것이다. 마치 말씀하시기를, "이제 너의 야망과 금지된 지식에 대한 비뚤어진 욕망이 너를 어디로 던졌는지를 보라"라고 하시는 것처럼.

그러나 주께서는 그와 대화를 나누기조차 부끄럽게 여기시고, 더 큰 불명예에 노출시키기 위해 경멸하여 그를 끌어내신다.

**우리 중 하나같이.** 어떤 이들은 여기서 사용된 복수형을 천사들에게 관련시킨다. 마치 하나님께서 땅의 비천한 동물인 사람과 천상의 존재들 사이에 구별을 만들려는 것처럼. 그러나 이 해석은 억지스러운 것 같다. 의미가 이렇게 풀리면 더 단순할 것이다. "이 후로 아담은 우리가 서로 동반자가 되도록 나와 그처럼 같을 것이다."

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23절 카드 ↗

23. Therefore the Lord God sent him forth (217) Here Moses partly prosecutes what he had said concerning the punishment inflicted on man, and partly celebrates the goodness of God, by which the rigour of his judgment was mitigated. God mercifully softens the exile of Adam, by still providing for him a remaining home on earth, and by assigning to him a livelihood from the culture — although the labourious culture — of the ground; for Adam thence infers that the Lord has some care for him, which is a proof of paternal love. Moses, however, again speaks of punishment, when he relates that man was expelled and that cherubim were opposed with the blade of a turning sword, (218) which should prevent his entrance into the garden. Moses says that the cherubim were placed in the eastern region, on which side, indeed, access lay open to man, unless he had been prohibited. It is added, to produce terror, that the sword was turning or sharpened on both sides. Moses, however, uses a word derived from whiteness or heat (219) Therefore, God having granted life to Adam, and having supplied him with food, yet restricts the benefit, by causing some tokens of Divine wrath to be always before his eyes, in order that he might frequently reflect that he must pass through innumerable miseries, through temporal exile, and through death itself, to the life from which he had fallen; for what we have said must be remembered, that Adam was not so dejected as to be left without hope of pardon. He was banished from that royal palace of which he had been the lord, but he obtained elsewhere a place in which he might dwell; he was bereft of his former delicacies, yet he was still supplied with some kind of food; he was excommunicated from the tree of life, but a new remedy was offered him in sacrifices. Some expound the ‘turning sword’ to mean one which does not always vibrate with its point directed against man, but which sometimes shows the side of the blade, for the purpose of giving place for repentance. But allegory is unseasonable, when it was the determination of God altogether to exclude man from the garden, that he might seek life elsewhere. As soon, however, as the happy fertility and pleasantness of the place was destroyed, the terror of the sword became superfluous. By cherubim, no doubt, Moses means angels and in this accommodates himself to the capacity of his own people. God had commanded two cherubim to be placed at the ark of the covenant, which should overshadow its covering, with their wings; therefore he is often said to sit between the cherubim. That he would have angels depicted in this form, was doubtless granted as an indulgence to the rudeness of that ancient people; for that age needed puerile instructions, as Paul teaches, ( Galatians 4:3 ;) and Moses borrowed thence the name which he ascribed to angels, that he might accustom men to that kind of revelation which he had received from God, and faithfully handed down; for God designed, that what he knew would prove useful to the people, should be revealed in the sanctuary. And certainly this method is to be observed by us, in order that we, conscious of one own infirmity may not attempt, without assistance, to soar to heaven; for otherwise it will happen that, in the midst of our course, all our senses will fail. The ladders and vehicles, then, were the sanctuary, the ark of the covenants the altar, the table and its furniture. Moreover, I call them vehicles and ladders, because symbols of this kind were by no means ordained that the faithful might shut up God in a tabernacle as in a prison, or might attach him to earthly elements; but that, being assisted by congruous and apt means, they might themselves rise towards heaven. Thus David and Hezekiah, truly endued with spiritual intelligence, were far from entertaining those gross imaginations, which would fix God in a given place. Still they do not scruple to call upon God, who sitteth or dwelleth between the cherubim, in order that they may retain themselves and others under the authority of the law. Finally , In this place angels are called cherubim, for the same reason that the name of the body of Christ is transferred to the sacred bread of the Lord’s Supper. With respect to the etymology, the Hebrews themselves are not agreed. The most generally received opinion is, that the first letter, כ ( caf ) is a servile letter, and a note of similitude, and, therefore, that the word cherub is of the same force as if it were said, ‘like a boy.’ (220) But because Ezekiel, who applies the word in common to different figures, is opposed to this signification; they think more rightly, in my judgment, who declare it to be a general name. Nevertheless, that it is referred to angels is more than sufficiently known. Whence also Ezekiel ( Ezekiel 28:14 ) signalizes the proud king of Tyre with this title, comparing him to a chief angel. (221) (217) גרש , ( gairesh ,) to expel, drive out, or eject by force. (218) “ Cum lamina gladii versatilis .” להט החרב , ( lahat hacherab .) (219) “ A candore, vel adore .” (220) “ כרוב , ( cherub .) An image like a youth, which the Chaldeans call רבי , ( rabia .)” — Schindler . Other writers give a different derivation, and consequently a different meaning to the word. But Professor Lee says, “It would be idle to offer anything on the etymology; nothing satisfactoroy having yet been discovered.” — See Lexicon. — Ed (221) Primario angelo . It is clear that Ezekiel, in the chapter referred to, has both the garden of Eden and the ark of the covenant in his view, when speaking of the king of Tyre. Thus, in the 17 th verse, it is said, “Thou hast been in Eden, the garden of God;” and, in the next verse, “Thou art the anointed cherub that acovereth;” (namely, that covereth the ark,) “and I have set thee so; thou wast upon the holy mountain of God.” — Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' Genesis Gen 2 Genesis Gen Genesis Gen 4 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain.

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-3-23

Source

**여호와 하나님이 에덴 동산에서 그를 내보내어.** 여기서 모세는 부분적으로 그가 사람에게 가해진 형벌에 관해 말한 것을 계속하고, 부분적으로 그분의 심판의 엄격함이 누그러진 하나님의 선하심을 찬양한다.

하나님께서는 아담에게 여전히 땅 위에 남은 집을 제공하시고, 땅의 경작에서의 생계를 그에게 배정하심으로써 자비롭게 아담의 추방을 부드럽게 하신다. 비록 수고스러운 경작이지만. 아담은 거기서 주께서 자기에 대한 어떤 돌봄을 가지심을 추론한다. 이것이 아버지다운 사랑의 증거이기 때문이다.

그러나 모세는 또 한번 형벌에 대해 말한다. 사람이 쫓겨났고 도는 불 칼을 가진 그룹들이 맞세워졌다고 서술할 때이다. 그것이 동산으로의 그의 입장을 막아야 한다. 모세는 그룹들이 동쪽 지역에 놓였다고 말한다. 실로 그쪽에서 사람에게 입장이 허용되어 있었다. 그것이 금지되지 않는 한.

그 검이 도는, 또는 양면이 날카롭다는 것이 공포를 자아내기 위해 추가된다.

따라서 하나님께서 아담에게 생명을 허락하시고 그에게 양식을 공급하시지만, 그럼에도 항상 그분의 진노의 어떤 증거들이 그의 눈앞에 있도록 함으로써 그 유익을 제한하신다. 그가 타락한 삶으로 되돌아가기 위해 수많은 비참함, 시간적 추방, 죽음 자체를 통과해야 한다는 것을 자주 반성하도록 하기 위해서이다. 우리가 말했던 것이 기억되어야 하기 때문이다. 아담이 사면의 소망이 없이 그처럼 낙심하게 버려지지 않았다는 것이다.

그는 자기가 주인이었던 그 왕궁에서 추방되었다. 그러나 어디서든 거주할 수 있는 곳을 얻었다. 그는 이전의 사치를 박탈당하였다. 그러나 여전히 어떤 종류의 양식으로 부양받았다. 그는 생명나무에서 파문되었다. 그러나 희생제물에서 새로운 구제책이 그에게 제공되었다.

어떤 이들은 "도는 검"을 항상 그 칼끝이 사람에게 향하지는 않고 때로는 회개를 위한 공간을 주기 위해 칼날의 면을 보여준다는 것을 의미한다고 설명한다.

그러나 그룹들은 의심할 여지없이 모세가 천사들을 의미하는 것이다. 그리고 이것에서 그는 자기 자신의 백성의 이해력에 스스로를 맞춘다.

하나님께서 언약궤에 두 그룹을 놓도록 명하셨다. 그것들이 그 덮개를 그들의 날개로 덮어야 한다. 그러므로 그분은 종종 그룹들 사이에 앉으신다고 말씀된다. 그분이 천사들을 이 형상으로 묘사하도록 명하신 것은 그 옛 백성의 거침에 대한 양보로서 의심할 여지없이 주어졌다. 왜냐하면 그 시대는 바울이 가르치듯이 유치한 가르침을 필요로 했기 때문이다(갈 4:3).

원주석

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