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주석[칼빈] — 창세기 12장 · 아브람의 부르심

요약
칼빈 주석 · 섹션 16개 · 한국어 번역 있음(한국어 우선) · 본문 보기
아래 주석은 원문(및 번역문) 그대로입니다.

1절 카드 ↗

1. Now the Lord had said unto Abram . That an absurd division of these chapters may not trouble the readers, let them connect this sentence with the last two verses of the previous chapter. Moses had before said, that Terah and Abram had departed from their country to dwell in the land of Canaan. He now explains that they had not been impelled by levity as rash and fickle men are wont to be; nor had been drawn to other regions by disgust with their own country, as morose persons frequently are; nor were fugitives on account of crime; nor were led away by any foolish hope, or by any allurements, as many are hurried hither and thither by their own desires; but that Abram had been divinely commanded to go forth and had not moved a foot but as he was guided by the word of God. They who explain the passage to mean, that God spoke to Abram after the death of his father, are easily refuted by the very words of Moses: for if Abram was already without a country, and was sojourning as a stranger elsewhere, the command of God would have been superfluous, ‘Depart from thy land, from thy country, and from thy father’s house.’ The authority of Stephen is also added, who certainly deserves to be accounted a suitable interpreter of this passage: now he plainly testifies, that God appeared to Abraham when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran; he then recites this oracle which we are now explaining; and at length concludes, that, for this reason, Abraham migrated from Chaldea. Nor is that to be overlooked which God afterwards repeats, ( Genesis 15:7 ,) ‘I am the Lord that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees;’ for we thence infer, that the Divine Hand was not for the first time stretched out to him after he had dwelt in Charran, but while he yet remained at home in Chaldea. (339) Truly this command of Gods respecting which doubts are foolishly entertained, ought to be deemed by us sufficient to disprove the contrary error. For God could not have spoken thus, except to a man who had been, up to that time, settled in his nest, having his affairs underanged, and living quietly and tranquilly among his relatives, without any change in his mode of life; otherwise, the answer would have been readily given ‘I have left my country, I am far removed from my kindred.’ In short, Moses records this oracle, in order that we may know that this long journey was undertaken by Abram, and his father Terah, at the command of God. Whence it also appears, that Terah was not so far deluded by superstitions as to be destitute of the fear of God. It was difficult for the old man, already broken and failing in health, to tear himself away from his own country. Some true religion, therefore, although smothered, still remained in his mind. Therefore, when he knew that the place, from which his son was commanded to depart, was accursed, it was his wish not to perish there; but he joined himself as an associate with him whom the Lord was about to deliver. What a witness, I demand, will he prove, in the last day, to condemn our indolence! Easy and plausible was the excuse which he might have alleged; namely that he would remain quietly at home, because he had received no command. But he, though blind in the darkness of unbelief, yet opened his eyes to the beam of light which shot across his path; while we remain unmoved when the Divine vocation directly shines upon us. Moreover, this calling of Abram is a signal instance of the gratuitous mercy of God. Had Abram been beforehand with God by any merit of works? Had Abram come to him, or conciliated his favor? Nay, we must ever recall to mind, (what I have before adduced from the passage in Joshua,) that he was plunged in the filth of idolatry; and now God freely stretches forth his hand to bring back the wanderer. He deigns to open his sacred mouth, that he may show to one, deceived by Satan’s wiles, the way of salvation. And it is wonderful, that a man, miserable and lost, should have the preference given him, over so many holy worshippers of God; that the covenant of life should be placed in his possession; that the Church should be revived in him, and he himself constituted the father of all the faithful. But this is done designedly, in order that the manifestation of the grace of God might become the more conspicuous in his person. For he is an example of the vocation of us all; for in him we perceive, that, by the mere mercy of God, those things which are not are raised from nothing, in order that they may begin to be something. Get thee out of thy country . This accumulation of words may seem to be superfluous. To which also may be added, that Moses, in other places so concise, here expresses a plain and easy matter in three different forms of speech. But the case is quite otherwise. For since exile is in itself sorrowful, and the sweetness of their native soil holds nearly all men bound to itself, God strenuously persists in his command to leave the country, for the purpose of thoroughly penetrating the mind of Abram. If he had said in a single word, Leave thy country, this indeed would not lightly have pained his mind; but Abram is still more deeply affected, when he hears that he must renounce his kindred and his father’s house. Yet it is not to be supposed, that God takes a cruel pleasure in the trouble of his servants; but he thus tries all their affections, that he may not leave any lurking-places undiscovered in their hearts. We see many persons zealous for a short time, who afterwards become frozen; whence is this, but because they build without a foundation? Therefore God determined, thoroughly to rouse all the senses of Abram, that he might undertake nothing rashly or inconsiderately; lest, repenting soon afterwards, he should veer with the wind, and return. Wherefore, if we desire to follow God with constancy, it behaves us carefully to meditate on all the inconveniences, all the difficulties, all the dangers which await us; that not only a hasty zeal may

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-1

Source

"여호와께서 아브람에게 말씀하시되." 이 장들의 터무니없는 구분이 독자들을 혼란시키지 않도록, 이 문장을 앞 장의 마지막 두 절과 연결하여 읽어야 한다. 모세는 앞서 데라와 아브람이 가나안 땅에 거주하려고 자기 나라를 떠났다고 말했다. 이제 그는 그들이 경솔하고 변덕스러운 사람들이 흔히 그러듯이 충동에 이끌려 행동한 것이 아님을 설명한다. 또한 자기 나라에 염증을 느낀 괴팍한 사람들처럼 다른 지역으로 끌려간 것도 아니요, 범죄를 저질러 도망친 것도 아니며, 어리석은 희망이나 욕망에 이끌려 이리저리 떠돌아다닌 것도 아니다. 오직 아브람이 하나님의 명령을 받아 나아간 것이요, 하나님의 말씀의 인도 없이는 한 걸음도 움직이지 않았던 것이다.

하나님이 그의 아버지가 죽은 후에야 아브람에게 말씀하셨다고 해석하는 이들은 모세의 말씀 자체에 의해 쉽게 반박된다. 만약 아브람이 이미 자기 나라를 떠나 다른 곳에서 나그네로 살고 있었다면, "너는 너의 땅, 너의 고향, 너의 아버지 집을 떠나라"는 하나님의 명령은 불필요했을 것이기 때문이다. 여기에 스데반의 권위도 더해진다. 그는 분명히 이 구절의 적절한 해석자로 인정받아야 할 인물인데, 아브라함이 하란에 거하기 전에 메소포타미아에 있을 때 하나님이 그에게 나타나셨다고 명백히 증언하며, 우리가 지금 설명하는 이 신탁을 인용하고, 이 때문에 아브라함이 갈대아에서 이주했다고 결론짓는다.

또한 하나님이 나중에 반복하시는 말씀도 간과해서는 안 된다. "나는 너를 갈대아인의 우르에서 이끌어 낸 여호와다"(창 15:7). 여기서 우리는 하나님의 손이 처음 그에게 펼쳐진 것이 그가 하란에 거한 후가 아니라, 그가 아직 갈대아의 고향에 머물러 있을 때였음을 추론할 수 있다.

진실로 이 하나님의 명령은, 이에 대해 어리석게도 의심을 품는 이들에게, 반대되는 오류를 논박하기에 충분하다고 우리는 여겨야 한다. 왜냐하면 하나님은 그때까지 자신의 둥지에 안정적으로 거하며 일을 정돈하고 친족들 가운데 평안하고 조용히 살던 사람에게만 이처럼 말씀하실 수 있었기 때문이다. 그렇지 않았다면, "나는 이미 내 나라를 떠났고, 내 친족에게서 멀리 떨어져 있습니다"라는 대답이 바로 나왔을 것이다.

요컨대, 모세는 이 신탁을 기록함으로써 우리가 이 긴 여정이 하나님의 명령에 따라 아브람과 그의 아버지 데라에 의해 시작되었음을 알도록 한다. 이로써 또한 데라가 미신에 너무 깊이 빠져 하나님을 경외하는 마음이 전혀 없지는 않았음이 드러난다. 이미 늙고 쇠약해진 노인이 자기 나라를 떠나는 것은 어려운 일이었다. 따라서 비록 억눌려 있었으나, 진정한 종교성이 그의 마음속에 여전히 남아 있었다. 그러므로 그는 자기 아들이 떠나도록 명령받은 그 장소가 저주받았다는 것을 알았을 때, 거기서 멸망하기를 원하지 않았다. 그래서 그는 주님이 구원하시려는 자와 동행자로 함께했다.

이 얼마나 놀라운 증인인가! 마지막 날에 우리의 게으름을 책망할 증인이! 그는 자신이 아무 명령도 받지 않았으므로 집에 조용히 머물겠다고 얼마든지 변명할 수 있었다. 그러나 그는 불신앙의 어둠 속에서 눈이 멀었음에도 자신의 길을 가로지르는 빛의 광선에 눈을 열었다. 반면 우리는 하나님의 부르심이 우리에게 직접 비추어도 움직이지 않는다.

더 나아가 이 아브람의 부르심은 하나님의 값없는 은혜의 신호적인 사례이다. 아브람이 행위의 어떤 공로로 먼저 하나님께 다가갔는가? 아브람이 그분께 나아가거나 그분의 은총을 구했는가? 아니다. 우리는 항상 기억해야 한다(내가 앞서 여호수아 구절에서 인용한 것처럼), 그가 우상숭배의 더러움에 빠져 있었음을. 그런데 이제 하나님이 자유롭게 그의 손을 펼쳐 방황하는 자를 돌아오게 하신다. 그분은 자신의 거룩한 입을 여시어 사탄의 꾀임에 속은 자에게 구원의 길을 보여주시기를 기뻐하신다. 비참하고 잃어버린 사람이 수많은 거룩한 하나님 경배자들보다 선택받고, 생명의 언약이 그에게 맡겨지며, 교회가 그 안에서 소생되고, 그 자신이 모든 신자들의 아버지로 세워진다는 것은 놀라운 일이다.

그러나 이것은 하나님의 은혜가 그의 인격 안에서 더욱 분명하게 나타나도록 하기 위해 의도된 것이다. 왜냐하면 그는 우리 모두의 부르심의 예시이기 때문이다. 그 안에서 우리는 하나님의 순전한 자비로, 없는 것들이 무에서 일으켜져 무언가가 되기 시작함을 본다.

"너는 너의 나라에서 떠나거라." 이러한 단어들의 축적이 불필요해 보일 수 있다. 또한 다른 곳에서 그토록 간결한 모세가 여기서 분명하고 쉬운 사안을 세 가지 다른 형태로 표현한다는 점도 덧붙일 수 있다. 그러나 사정은 전혀 다르다. 왜냐하면 망명은 그 자체로 슬픈 것이고 고향 땅의 달콤함이 거의 모든 사람을 그 자체에 묶어두므로, 하나님은 아브람의 마음을 완전히 파고들기 위해 나라를 떠나라는 명령에 힘껏 지속하시기 때문이다.

만약 그분이 한 마디로 "너의 나라를 떠나라"고만 하셨다면, 이것이 그의 마음을 가볍게는 아프게 했겠지만; 그러나 아브람은 친족과 아버지의 집을 포기해야 한다는 말을 들을 때 더욱 깊이 감동받는다. 그러나 하나님이 자기 종들의 괴로움에서 잔인한 즐거움을 느기신다고 생각해서는 안 된다. 다만 그분은 이렇게 그들의 모든 감정을 시험하시어 그들의 마음 안에 어떤 숨은 곳도 발견되지 않고 남지 않도록 하신다. 우리는 잠시 열심인 많은 사람들이 나중에 냉각되는 것을 본다. 이것은 어디에서 오는가? 기초 없이 짓기 때문이 아닌가? 그러므로 하나님은 아브람의 모든 감각을 철저히 일깨우시기로 결정하셔서, 그가 아무것도 경솔하거나 무모하게 시작하지 않도록, 그리하여 곧 후회하며 바람에 흔들리듯 돌아가지 않도록 하셨다. 따라서 우리가 변함없이 하나님을 따르기를 원한다면, 우리를 기다리는 모든 불편함, 모든 어려움, 모든 위험을 주의 깊게 묵상하는 것이 마땅하다.

원주석

2절 카드 ↗

2. And I will make of thee a great nation . Hitherto Moses has related what Abram had been commanded to do; now he annexes the promise of God to the command; and that for no light cause. For as we are slothful to obey, the Lord would command in vain, unless we are animated by a superadded confidence in his grace and benediction. Although I have before alluded to this, in the history of Noah, it will not be useless to inculcate it again, for the passage itself requires something to be said; and the repetition of a doctrine of such great moment ought not to seem superfluous. For it is certain that faith cannot stand, unless it be founded on the promises of God. But faith alone produces obedience. Therefore in order that our minds may be disposed to follow God, it is not sufficient for him simply to command what he pleases, unless he also promises his blessing. We must mark the promise, that Abram, whose wife was still barren, should become a great nation. This promise might have been very efficacious, if God, by the actual state of things, had afforded ground of hope respecting its fulfillment; but now, seeing thatthe barrenness of his wife threatened him with perpetual privation of offspring, the bare promise itself would have been cold, if Abram had not wholly depended upon the word of God; wherefore, though he perceives the sterility of his wife, he yet apprehends, by hope, that great nation which is promised by the word of God. And Isaiah greatly extols this act of favor, that God, by his blessing, increased his servant Abram whom he found alone and solitary to so great a nations ( Isaiah 2:2 .) The noun גוי ( goi ,) “my nation,” ( Genesis 12:4 ,) though detestable to the Jews, (341) is in this place, and in many others, taken as a term of honor. And it is here used emphatically, to show that he should not only have posterity from his own seed in great number, but a peculiar people, separated from others, who should be called by his own name. I will bless thee . This is partly added, to explain the preceding sentence. For, lest Abram should despair, God offers his own blessing, which was able to effect more in the way of miracle, than is seen to be effected, in other cases, by natural means. The benediction, however, here pronounced, extends farther than to offspring; and implies, that he should have a prosperous and joyous issue of all his affairs; as appears from the succeeding context, “And will make thy name great, and thou shalt be a blessing.” For such happiness is promised him, as shall fill all men everywhere with admiration, so that they shall introduce the name of Abram, as an example, into their formularies of pronouncing benediction. Others use the term in the sense of augmentation, ‘Thou shalt be a blessing,’ that is, ‘All shall bless thee.’ But the former sense is the more suitable. Some also expound it actively, as if it had been said, ‘My grace shall not reside in thee, so that thou alone mayest enjoy it, but it shall flow far unto all nations. I therefore now so deposit it with thee, that it may overflow into all the world.’ But God does not yet proceed to that communication, as I shall show presently. (341) The dislike which the Jews have to this word arises from the fact that they confine its application to heathens, barbarians, and Christians, in short, to all who are not of Israel according to the flesh. They are not, however, warranted by Scripture in so doing, as Calvin rightly argues. — Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-2

Source

"내가 너로 큰 민족을 이루게 하리라." 지금까지 모세는 아브람이 명령받은 것을 기록했다. 이제 그는 명령에 하나님의 약속을 덧붙인다. 그것은 이유 없는 일이 아니다. 우리가 순종하기에 게으르므로, 주님은 우리가 그분의 은혜와 축복에 대한 확신으로 활기를 얻지 않는다면 헛되이 명령하시는 것이 될 것이기 때문이다. 비록 내가 앞서 노아의 역사에서 이것을 언급했지만, 이 구절 자체가 무언가를 요구하고, 이토록 중요한 교리의 반복이 불필요하게 보여서는 안 되므로, 다시 강조하는 것이 유익하지 않지 않을 것이다.

믿음은 하나님의 약속에 기초하지 않으면 서 있을 수 없다는 것은 확실하다. 그런데 믿음만이 순종을 낳는다. 따라서 우리의 마음이 하나님을 따르도록 준비되기 위해서, 그분이 단순히 기뻐하시는 것을 명령하시는 것으로는 충분하지 않다. 그분은 또한 자신의 축복을 약속하셔야 한다.

아직 임신하지 못하는 아내를 둔 아브람이 큰 민족이 되리라는 약속에 주목해야 한다. 이 약속은 하나님이 실제 상황으로 그 성취에 대한 희망의 근거를 제공하셨다면 매우 효과적이었을 것이다. 그러나 아내의 불임이 그에게 영구적인 자녀 없음을 예고하므로, 아브람이 전적으로 하나님의 말씀에 의존하지 않았다면 그 약속 자체는 냉랭했을 것이다. 따라서 그는 아내의 불임을 인식하면서도, 하나님의 말씀으로 약속된 큰 민족을 소망으로 파악한다.

이사야는 하나님이 자신의 종 아브람을 홀로 외로이 발견하고 축복으로 그토록 큰 민족으로 증가시키셨다는 이 은혜의 행위를 크게 찬양한다(사 51:2). "고이"라는 명사는 유대인들에게 혐오스럽지만, 이 구절에서와 많은 다른 곳에서 명예로운 용어로 사용된다. 그리고 여기서는 그가 자신의 씨앗에서 단지 많은 수의 후손뿐만 아니라, 다른 이들과 분리되어 자기 이름으로 불릴 특별한 백성을 가질 것임을 보여주기 위해 강조적으로 사용된다.

"내가 너에게 복을 주리라." 이것은 부분적으로 앞선 문장을 설명하기 위해 덧붙여진다. 아브람이 절망하지 않도록, 하나님은 자신의 축복을 제안하시는데, 이 축복은 다른 경우에 자연적인 수단에 의해 이루어지는 것보다 더 많은 것을 기적으로 이룰 수 있다. 그러나 여기서 선포된 축복은 자녀 이상으로 확장된다. 그것은 그가 번영하고 기쁜 결과를 모든 일에서 얻을 것임을 함축한다. 이어지는 문맥에서 드러나듯이, "내가 너의 이름을 크게 만들리니 너는 복이 될 것이다." 이처럼 모든 사람들이 어디서나 감탄하여 그들의 축복 선언에 아브람의 이름을 예로 들 만큼 큰 행복이 그에게 약속된다.

다른 이들은 그 용어를 증대의 의미로 사용하여, '너는 복이 되리라'를 '모든 이가 너를 복되다 할 것이다'로 이해한다. 그러나 전자의 의미가 더 적절하다. 일부는 또한 이것을 능동적으로 해석하여, 마치 "내 은혜가 네 안에 거하여 네 혼자만 그것을 누리는 것이 아니라, 모든 민족에게로 흘러넘칠 것이다. 그러므로 나는 이제 그것을 네게 맡겨 온 세상에 넘쳐흐르게 한다"고 말해진 것처럼 이해한다. 그러나 하나님은 이 교통으로 아직 나아가지 않으신다.

원주석

3절 카드 ↗

3. And I will bless them that bless thee . Here the extraordinary kindness of God manifests itself, in that he familiarly makes a covenant with Abram, as men are wont to do with their companions and equals. For this is the accustomed form of covenants between kings and others, that they mutually promise to have the same enemies and the same friends. This certainly is an inestimable pledge of special love, that God should so greatly condescend for our sake. For although he here addresses one man only, he elsewhere declares the same affection towards his faithful people. We may therefore infer this general doctrine, that God so embraced us with his favor, that he will bless our friends, and take vengeance on our enemies. We are, moreover, warned by this passage, that however desirous the sons of God may be of peace, they will never want enemies. Certainly, of all persons who ever conducted themselves so peaceably among men as to deserve the esteem of all, Abram might be reckoned among the chief, yet even he was not without enemies; because he had the devil for his adversary, who holds the wicked in his hand, whom he incessantly impels to molest the good. There is then, no reason why the ingratitude of the world should dishearten us, even though many hate us without cause, and, when provoked by no injury, study to do us harm; but let us be content with this single consolation, that God engages on our side in the war. Besides, God exhorts his people to cultivate fidelity and humanity with all good men, and, further, to abstain from all injury. For this is no common inducement to excite us to assist the faithful, that if we discharge any duty towards them, God will repay it; nor ought it less to alarm us, that he denounces war against us, if we hurt any one belonging to him. In thee shall all families of the earth be blessed . Should any one choose to understand this passage in a restricted sense, as if, by a proverbial mode of speech, they who shall bless their children or their friends, shall be called after the name of Abram, let him enjoy his opinion; for the Hebrew phrase will bear the interpretation, that Abram shall be called a signal example of happiness. But I extend the meaning further; because I suppose the same thing to be promised in this place, which God afterwards repeats more clearly, ( Genesis 22:18 .) And the authority of Paul brings me to this point; who says, that the promise to the seed of Abraham, that is, to Christ, was given four hundred and thirty years before the law, ( Galatians 3:17 .) But the computation of years requires us to understand, that the blessing was promised him in Christ, when he was coming into the land of Canaan. Therefore God (in my judgment) pronounces that all nations should be blessed in his servant Abram because Christ was included in his loins. In this manner, he not only intimates that Abram would be an example , but a cause of blessing; so that there should be an understood antithesis between Adam and Christ. For whereas, from the time of the first man’s alienation from God, we are all born accursed, here a new remedy is offered unto us. Nor is there any thing contrary to this in the assertion, that we must by no means seek a blessing in Abram himself, inasmuch as the expression is used in reference to Christ. Here the Jews petulantly object, and heap together many testimonies of Scripture, from which it appears that to bless or curse in any one , is nothing else than to wish good or evil to another, according to him as a pattern. But their cavil may be set aside without difficulty. I acknowledge, that what they say is often, but not always true. For when it is said, that the tribe of Levi shall bless in the name of God, in Deuteronomy 10:8 Isaiah 65:16 , and in similar passages, it is sufficiently evident, that God is declared to be the fountain of all good, in order that Israel may not seek any portion of good elsewhere Seeing, therefore, that the language is ambiguous, let them grant the necessity of choosing this, or the other sense, as may be most suitable to the subject and the occasion. Now Paul assumes it as an axiom which is received among all the pious, and which ought to be taken for granted, that the whole human race is obnoxious to a curse, and therefore that the holy people are blessed only through the grace of the Mediator. Whence he concludes, that the covenant of salvation which God made with Abram, is neither stable nor firm except in Christ. I therefore thus interpret the present place; that God promises to his servant Abram that blessing which shall afterwards flow down to all people. But because this subject will be more amply explained else where, I now only briefly touch upon it. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-3

Source

"너를 축복하는 자에게는 내가 복을 내리리라." 여기서 하나님의 비상한 친절이 나타난다. 그분이 왕들과 동배들 사이에 통상적인 방식으로 아브람과 친밀하게 언약을 맺으시기 때문이다. 이것이 왕들과 다른 이들 사이의 언약의 관례적인 형태로, 그들이 같은 적과 같은 친구를 갖겠다고 상호 약속하는 것이다. 이것은 분명히 특별한 사랑의 헤아릴 수 없는 보증이다. 하나님이 우리를 위해 그토록 자신을 낮추시기 때문이다.

비록 그분이 여기서 한 사람에게만 말씀하시지만, 다른 곳에서 그분의 신실한 백성에 대해 같은 애정을 선언하신다. 그러므로 우리는 이 일반적인 교리를 추론할 수 있다. 하나님이 우리를 그분의 호의로 포용하시어, 우리의 친구들을 축복하시고 우리의 원수들에게 복수하신다는 것이다.

더 나아가 이 구절은 하나님의 자녀들이 아무리 평화롭기를 원해도 결코 원수 없이 지낼 수 없을 것이라고 우리에게 경고한다. 모든 사람들 사이에서 그토록 평화롭게 처신하여 모든 이의 존경을 받을 만했던 이들 중에 아브람이 으뜸으로 꼽힐 수 있었으나, 그조차도 원수가 없지 않았다. 악인들을 자기 손에 붙들어 두고 선한 이들을 끊임없이 괴롭히도록 몰아붙이는 마귀가 그의 대적이었기 때문이다. 그러므로 많은 이들이 우리를 까닭 없이 미워하고 아무 해도 끼치지 않았음에도 해를 도모하더라도, 세상의 배은망덕이 우리를 낙심시킬 이유가 없다. 오직 이 한 가지 위로로 만족하자. 하나님이 우리 편에서 싸움에 개입하신다는 것이다.

"땅의 모든 족속이 너로 말미암아 복을 받으리라." 어떤 이가 이 구절을 속담적인 말법으로, 그들의 자녀나 친구를 축복하는 이들이 아브람의 이름으로 불릴 것이라고 제한적으로 이해하기를 선택한다면, 그로 하여금 자신의 의견을 즐기도록 하라. 히브리어 표현이 아브람이 행복의 신호적인 예로 불릴 것이라는 해석을 허용하기 때문이다. 그러나 나는 의미를 더 확장한다. 하나님이 나중에 더 분명하게 반복하시는 것(창 22:18)과 동일한 것이 이 구절에 약속된다고 생각하기 때문이다. 그리고 바울의 권위가 나를 이 점에 이르게 한다. 그는 씨에게, 즉 그리스도에게 주어진 약속이 율법보다 430년 전에 주어졌다고 말한다(갈 3:17). 그런데 연대 계산이 그 축복이 그리스도 안에서 그에게 약속된 것은 그가 가나안 땅에 들어올 때였음을 이해하도록 요구한다. 따라서 내 판단으로는, 그리스도가 그의 허리에 포함되어 있었으므로, 하나님은 자신의 종 아브람 안에서 모든 민족이 복을 받을 것이라고 선언하신다.

이런 방식으로 그분은 아브람이 단지 복의 예가 아니라 복의 원인이 될 것임을 암시하신다. 그리하여 아담과 그리스도 사이에 이해된 대조가 있게 된다. 왜냐하면 첫 번째 사람이 하나님에게서 소외된 시때부터 우리는 모두 저주받아 태어나는데, 여기서 우리에게 새로운 치유책이 제공되기 때문이다.

원주석

4절 카드 ↗

4. So Abram departed . They who suppose that God was now speaking to Abram in Charran, lay hold of these words in support of their error. But the cavil is easily refuted; for after Moses has mentioned the cause of their departure, namely, that Abram had been constrained by the command of God to leave his native soil, he now returns to the thread of the history. Why Abram for a time should have remained in Charran, we do not know, except that God laid his hand upon him, to prevent him from immediately obtaining a sight of the land, which, although yet unknown, he had nevertheless preferred to his own country. He is now said to have departed from Charran, that he might complete the journey he had begun; which also the next verse confirms, where it is said, that he took Sarai his wife and Lot his nephew with him. As under the conduct and auspices of his father Terah, they had departed from Chaldea; so now when Abram is become the head of the family, he pursues and completes what his father had begun. Still it is possible, that the Lord again exhorted him to proceed, the death of his father having intervened, and that he confirmed his former call by a second oracle. It is however certain, that in this place the obedience of faith is commended, and not as one act simply, but as a constant and perpetual course of life. For I do not doubt, but Moses intended to say, that Abram remained in Charran, not because he repented, as if he was inclined to swerve from the straight course of his vocation, but as having the command of God always fixed in his mind. And therefore I would rather refer the clause, “As the Lord had spoken to him” to the first oracle; so that Moses should say, ‘he stood firmly in his purpose, and his desire to obey God was not broken by the death of his father.’ Moreover, we have here in one word, a rule prescribed to us, for the regulation of our whole life, which is to attempt nothing but by Divine authority. For, however men may dispute concerning virtues and duties, no work is worthy of praise, or deserves to be reckoned among virtues, except what is pleasing to God. And he himself testifies, that he makes greater account of obedience than of sacrifice, ( 1 Samuel 15:22 .) Wherefore, our life will then be rightly constituted, when we depend upon the word of God, and undertake nothing except at his command. And it is to be observed, that the question is not here concerning some one particular work, but concerning the general principle of living piously and uprightly. For the subject treated of, is the vocation of Abram which is a common pattern of the life of all the faithful. We are not indeed all indiscriminately commanded to desert our country; this point, I grant, is special in the case of Abram; but generally, it is God’s will that all should be in subjection to his word, and should seek the law, for the regulation of their life, at his mouth, lest they should be carried away by their own will, or by the maxims of men. Therefore by the example of Abram, entire self-renunciation is enjoined, that we may live and die to God alone. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-4

Source

"이에 아브람이 떠났으니." 하나님이 이제 하란에서 아브람에게 말씀하고 계셨다고 생각하는 이들은 이 말들을 그들의 오류에 대한 지지로 붙잡는다. 그러나 그 억지는 쉽게 반박된다. 왜냐하면 모세가 그들의 출발 원인, 즉 아브람이 하나님의 명령으로 자기 고향을 떠나도록 강제되었음을 언급한 후, 이제 역사의 실을 다시 이어가기 때문이다.

아브람이 왜 한동안 하란에 머물렀는지는 우리가 알지 못한다. 다만 하나님이 그의 손을 그에게 얹으시어, 비록 아직 알지 못했으나 이미 자기 나라보다 더 선호했던 그 땅을 즉시 볼 수 없게 하셨다는 것만 알 뿐이다. 이제 그는 시작한 여정을 완성하기 위해 하란을 떠났다고 말해진다. 이것은 다음 절에서도 확인되는데, 그가 아내 사래와 조카 롯을 데리고 떠났다고 말해지기 때문이다.

아버지 데라의 인도 아래 갈대아를 떠났던 것처럼, 이제 아브람이 가족의 머리가 되어 아버지가 시작한 것을 계속하고 완성한다. 그렇지만 아버지의 죽음이 개입된 후, 주님이 그에게 계속 나아가도록 다시 권고하시며 두 번째 신탁으로 이전 부르심을 확인하셨을 가능성도 있다. 그러나 이 구절에서 믿음의 순종이 칭찬받는 것은 분명하다. 단 하나의 행위로서가 아니라, 일정하고 영속적인 삶의 과정으로서.

"여호와께서 그에게 말씀하신 대로"라는 절은 첫 번째 신탁을 가리킨다고 나는 생각한다. 모세가 "그는 자신의 목적에 굳게 서 있었으며, 아버지의 죽음으로도 하나님께 순종하려는 그의 열망이 꺾이지 않았다"고 말하는 것이다. 더 나아가 우리는 여기서 한 마디로 우리 삶 전체를 규율하는 규칙을 받는다. 즉 하나님의 권위 없이는 아무것도 시도하지 않는다는 것이다. 왜냐하면 덕과 의무에 대해 사람들이 아무리 논쟁해도, 어떤 행위도 하나님을 기쁘게 하지 않는 한 칭찬을 받거나 덕 중에 헤아려질 가치가 없기 때문이다. 하나님 자신도 그분이 희생보다 순종을 더 귀하게 여기신다고 증언하신다(삼상 15:22).

원주석

5절 카드 ↗

5. The souls that they had gotten in Haran . Souls signify male and female servants. And this is the first mention of servitude; whence it appears, that not long after the deluge the wickedness of man caused liberty which by nature, was common to all, to perish with respect to a great part of mankind. Whence servitude originated is not easy to determine, unless according to the opinion which has commonly prevailed it arose from wars; because the conquerors compelled those whom they took in battle to serve them; and hence the name of bondman (342) is derived. But whether they who were first slaves had been subjugated by the laws of war, or had been reduced to this state by want, it is indeed certain, that the order of nature was violently infringed; because men were created for the purpose of cultivating mutual society between each other. And although it is advantageous that some should preside over others, yet an equality, as among brethren ought to have been retained. However, although slavery is contrary to that right government which is most desirable, and in its commencement was not without fault; it does not, on this account, follow, that the use of it, which was afterwards received by custom, and excused by necessity, is unlawful. Abram therefore might possess both servants bought with money, and slaves born in his house. For that common saying, ‘What has not prevailed from the beginning cannot be rendered valid by length of time,’ admits (as is well known) of some exceptions; and we shall have an example in point in the forty-eighth chapter Genesis 48:1 (342) “ Mancipii...A manucapium, quod ab hostibus manu caperetur ;” because taken by the hand by the enemy. — Ed return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-5

Source

"하란에서 얻은 영혼들." 영혼들은 남녀 종들을 의미한다. 이것이 종살이에 대한 최초의 언급이다. 이로써 홍수 후 오래지 않아 사람의 사악함이 자연적으로 모든 이에게 공통인 자유를 인류의 큰 부분에서 사라지게 했음이 드러난다. 종살이가 어디서 비롯되었는지는 전쟁에서 왔다는 일반적으로 통용되는 견해에 따르지 않으면 쉽게 알 수 없다. 정복자들이 전투에서 사로잡은 자들을 자신들을 섬기도록 강제했기 때문이다. 이로부터 "노예(mancipium)"라는 이름이 유래한다.

그러나 최초의 노예들이 전쟁의 법으로 정복되었든지 빈곤으로 이 상태에 이르게 되었든지 간에, 사람들이 서로 사회를 조성하기 위해 창조되었으므로 자연의 질서가 폭력적으로 침해되었음은 확실하다. 비록 일부가 다른 이들을 다스리는 것이 유익하지만, 형제들 사이에서처럼 평등이 유지되었어야 했다. 그러나 비록 종살이가 가장 바람직한 올바른 통치에 어긋나고 그 시작에서 결함이 없지 않았지만, 이로 인해 나중에 관습으로 받아들여지고 필요에 의해 용인된 그 사용이 불법적이라는 것은 아니다.

원주석

6절 카드 ↗

6. And Abram passed through the land . Here Moses shows that Abram did not immediately, on his entering into the land, find a habitation in which he might rest. For the expression passed through, and the position of the place (Sichem) to which he passed, show that the length of his journey had been great. Sichem is not far from Mount Gerizim, which is towards the desert of the Southern region. Wherefore, it is just as Moses had said, that the faith of Abram was again tried, when God suffered him as a wanderer to traverse the whole land, before he gave him any fixed abode. How hard would it seems when God had promised to be his Protector, that not even a little corner is assigned him on which he may set his foot? But he is compelled to wander in a circuitous route, in order that he may the better exercise self denial. The word אלון ( Elon ) is by some translated an oak forest, by some a valley; (343) others take it for the proper name of a place. I do not doubt that Moreh is the proper name of the place; but I explain Elon to mean a plain, or an oak, not that it was a single tree, but the singular is put for the plural number; (344) and this latter interpretation I most approve. And the Canaanite was then in the land . This clause concerning the Canaanite is not added without reason; because it was no slight temptation to be cast among that perfidious and wicked nation, destitute of all humanity. What could the holy man then think, but that he was betrayed into the hands of these most abandoned men, by whom he might soon be murdered; or else that he would have to spend a disturbed and miserable life amid continual injuries and troubles? But it was profitable for him to be accustomed, by such discipline, to cherish a better hope. For if he had been kindly and courteously received in the land of Canaan, he would have hoped for nothing better than to spend his life there as a guest. But now God raises his thoughts higher in order that he may conclude, that at some future time, the inhabitants being destroyed, he shall be the lord and heir of the land. Besides, he is admonished, by the continual want of repose, to look up towards heaven. For since the inheritance of the land was specially promised to himself, and would only belong to his descendants, for his sake; it follows, that the land, in which he was so ill and inhumanly treated, was not set before him as his ultimate aim, but that heaven itself was proposed to him as his final resting-place. (343) By others a plain. Vide Poli Synopsis in loco. See our English version, “Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh.” — Ed . (344) That is, an oak is put for an oak grove, or forest. — Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

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"아브람이 그 땅을 통과하여." 여기서 모세는 아브람이 그 땅에 처음 들어왔을 때 즉시 쉴 수 있는 거처를 찾지 못했음을 보여준다. "통과하여"라는 표현과 그가 지나간 세겜의 위치가 그 여정이 얼마나 길었는지를 보여주기 때문이다. 세겜은 남쪽 지역의 광야를 향한 그리심산 근처에 있다. 그러므로 이것은 모세가 하나님이 아브람에게 어떤 고정된 거처도 주시기 전에 온 땅을 방랑자로 돌아다니게 허용하셨을 때 그의 믿음이 다시 시험을 받았다고 말한 것과 같다.

하나님이 그의 보호자가 되겠다고 약속하셨는데, 그가 발을 들여놓을 작은 구석조차 할당받지 못한다는 것이 얼마나 가혹하게 보이겠는가? 그러나 그는 자기 부인을 더 잘 훈련시키기 위해 돌아가는 길을 걷도록 강제된다.

"모레 상수리나무 수풀에." 모레는 그 장소의 고유명사임에 의심이 없다. 그러나 나는 엘론을 평야 또는 상수리나무로 설명하는데, 단 하나의 나무가 아니라 단수가 복수를 대신하는 것으로 이해한다. 후자의 해석을 나는 가장 찬성한다.

"그 때에 가나안 사람이 그 땅에 거주하였더라." 가나안 사람에 대한 이 절은 이유 없이 덧붙여진 것이 아니다. 인간성이라고는 전혀 없는 그 배신적이고 사악한 민족 가운데 버려진다는 것이 적지 않은 시험이었기 때문이다. 거룩한 사람이 그때 무슨 생각을 했겠는가? 그는 곧 살해되거나, 끊임없는 상해와 환난으로 불안하고 비참한 삶을 보낼 수밖에 없는 이 가장 타락한 사람들의 손에 배신당했다고 생각하지 않았겠는가?

그러나 이러한 훈련에 의해 더 나은 소망을 품도록 익숙해지는 것이 그에게 유익했다. 왜냐하면 만약 그가 가나안 땅에서 친절하고 정중하게 영접받았다면, 그는 거기서 나그네로 생을 보내는 것 이상을 바라지 않았을 것이기 때문이다. 그러나 이제 하나님은 그의 생각을 더 높이 일으키시어, 언젠가 거주민들이 제거되면 자신이 그 땅의 주인이요 상속자가 될 것이라는 결론에 이르게 하신다.

원주석

7절 카드 ↗

7. And the Lord appeared unto Abram . He now relates that Abram was not left entirely destitute, but that God stretched forth his hand to help him. We must, however, mark, with what kind of assistance God succours him in his temptations. He offers him his bare word, and in such a way, indeed, that Abram might deem himself exposed to ridicule. For God declares he will give the land to his seed: but where is the seed, or where the hope of seed; seeing that he is childless and old, and his wife is barren? This was therefore an insipid consolation to the flesh. But faith has a different taste; the property of which is, to hold all the senses of the pious so bound by reverence to the word, that a single promise of God is quite sufficient. Meanwhile, although God truly alleviates and mitigates the evils which his servants endure, he does it only so far as is expedient for them, without indulging the desire of the flesh. Let us hence learn, that this single remedy ought to be sufficient for us in our sufferings: that God so speaks to us in his word, as to cause our minds to perceive him to be propitious; and let us not give the reins to the importunate desires of our flesh. God himself will not fail on his part; but will, by the manifestation of his favor, raise us when we are cast down. And there builded he an altar . This altar was a token of gratitude. As soon as God appeared to him he raised an altar: to what end? That he might call upon the name of the Lord. We see, therefore, that he was intent upon giving of thanks; and that an altar was built by him in memory of kindness received. Should any one ask, whether he could not worship God without an altar? I answer, that the inward worship of the heart is not sufficient unless external profession before men be added. Religion has truly its appropriate seat in the heart; but from this root, public confession afterwards arises, as its fruit. For we are created to this end, that we may offer soul and body unto God. The Canaanites had their religion; they had also altars for sacrifices: but Abram, that he might not involve himself in their superstitions, erects a domestic altar, on which he may offer sacrifice; as if he had resolved to place a royal throne for God within his house. But because the worship of God is spiritual, and all ceremonies which have no right and lawful end, are not only vain and worthless in themselves, but also corrupt the true worship of God by their counterfeited and fallacious appearance; we must carefully observe what Moses says, that the altar was erected for the purpose of calling upon God. The altar then is the external form of divine worship; but invocation is its substance and truth. This mark easily distinguishes pure worshippers from hypocrites, who are far too liberal in outward pomp, but wish their religion to terminate in bare ceremonies. Thus all their religion is vague, being directed to no certain end. Their ultimate intention, indeed, is (as they confusedly speak) to worship God: but piety approaches nearer to God; and therefore does not trifle with external figures, but has respect to the truth and the substance of religion. On the whole, ceremonies are no otherwise acceptable to God, than as they have reference to the spiritual worship of God. To invoke the name of God, or to invoke in his name , admits of a twofold exposition; namely, either to pray to God, or to celebrate his name with praises. But because prayer and thanksgiving are things conjoined, I willingly include both. We have before said, in the fourth chapter ( Genesis 4:1 ), that the whole worship of God was not improperly described, by the figure synecdoche , under this particular expression; because God esteems no duty of piety more highly, and accounts no sacrifice more acceptable, than the invocation of his name, as is declared in Psalms 50:23 , and Psalms 51:19 . As often, therefore, as the word altar occurs, let the sacrifices also come into our mind; for from the beginning, God would have mankind informed, that there could be no access to himself without sacrifice. Therefore Abram, from the general doctrine of religion, opened for himself a celestial sanctuary, by sacrifices, that he might rightly worship God. (345) But we know that God was never appeased by the blood of beasts. Wherefore it follows, that the faith of Abram was directed to the blood of Christ. (346) It may seem, however, absurd, that Abram built himself an altar, at his own pleasure, though he was neither a priest, nor had any express command from God. I answer, that Moses removes this scruple in the context: for Abram is not said to have made an altar simply to God, but to God who had appeared unto him. The altar therefore had its foundation in that revelation; and ought not to be separated from that of which it formed but a part and an appendage. Superstition fabricates for itself such a God as it pleases and then invents for him various kinds of worship; just as the Papists, at this days most proudly boast that they worship God, when they are only trifling with their foolish pageantry. But the piety of Abram is commended, because, having erected an altar, he worshipped God who had been manifested to him. And although Moses declares the design with which Abram built the altar, when he relates that he there called upon God, he yet, at the same time, intimates, that such a service was pleasing to God: for this language implies the approval of the Holy Spirit, who thereby pronounces that he had rightly called upon God. Others, indeed confidently boasted that they worshipped God; but God, in praising Abram only, rejects all the rites of the heathen as a vile profanation of his name. (345) The sentence seems obscure: “ Ergo Abram ex generali pietatis doctrina, sacrificiis coeleste sibi sanctuarium aperuit, ut Deum rite coleret .” The French translation throws little light upon it: ‘ Abram donc s’est fait ouverture au sanctuaire celeste par une doctrine generale de piete

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-7

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"여호와께서 아브람에게 나타나사." 이제 그는 아브람이 완전히 버려지지 않고 하나님이 손을 펼쳐 그를 도우셨음을 전한다. 그러나 우리는 하나님이 어떤 종류의 도움으로 그의 시험에서 그를 구원하시는지를 주목해야 한다. 그분은 그에게 단지 말씀만을 주신다. 그것도 아브람이 자신이 조롱거리가 되었다고 여길 수 있는 방식으로. 왜냐하면 하나님은 그 땅을 그의 씨에게 주겠다고 선언하시기 때문이다. 그런데 씨가 어디 있으며, 씨에 대한 희망이 어디 있는가? 그는 자녀 없이 늙었고 그의 아내는 임신하지 못하지 않는가? 이것은 따라서 육신에게는 싱거운 위로였다.

그러나 믿음은 다른 맛을 가진다. 믿음의 특성은 경건한 자들의 모든 감각을 말씀에 대한 경외심으로 묶어 두어, 하나님의 단 하나의 약속으로 충분하게 한다. 한편 하나님이 자신의 종들이 당하는 악들을 진실로 완화하고 경감하시지만, 그것은 오직 그들에게 유익한 한에서만 하시며, 육신의 욕망에 응하지 않으신다.

"거기서 여호와를 위하여 제단을 쌓고." 이 제단은 감사의 표이었다. 하나님이 그에게 나타나시자마자 그는 제단을 쌓았다. 무슨 목적으로? 여호와의 이름을 부르기 위해. 우리는 따라서 그가 감사를 드리는 데 집중했음을 본다. 그리고 제단이 받은 친절을 기억하여 그에 의해 세워졌다.

종교는 진실로 마음속에 그 적절한 자리를 갖는다. 그러나 이 뿌리에서 사람들 앞에서의 공적 고백이 그 열매로 생겨난다. 우리는 혼과 몸 모두를 하나님께 드리기 위해 창조되었기 때문이다. 가나안 사람들은 그들의 종교를 가졌다. 그들은 또한 희생을 위한 제단도 가졌다. 그러나 아브람은 그들의 미신에 얽히지 않기 위해, 희생을 드릴 수 있는 자신의 제단을 세운다. 마치 그가 자신의 집 안에 하나님을 위한 왕좌를 세우기로 결심한 것처럼.

그러나 하나님의 예배는 영적이며, 올바르고 합법적인 목적이 없는 모든 의식은 그 자체로 공허하고 무가치할 뿐만 아니라, 그것들의 꾸며진 거짓 외모로 하나님에 대한 참된 예배를 타락시키므로; 모세가 말하는 것을 우리는 주의 깊게 관찰해야 한다. 제단은 하나님을 부르기 위해 세워졌다는 것이다. 그러므로 제단은 하나님 예배의 외적 형태이지만, 간구가 그 실질과 진리이다. 이 표지가 참된 경배자들을 위선자들과 쉽게 구분한다. 위선자들은 외적 화려함에 너무 자유롭지만, 자신들의 종교가 단지 의식에서 끝나기를 원한다.

원주석

8절 카드 ↗

8. And he removed from thence . When we hear that Abram moved from the place where he had built an altar to God, we ought not to doubt that he was, by some necessity, compelled to do so. He there found the inhabitants unpropitious; and therefore transfers his tabernacle elsewhere. But if Abram bore his continual wanderings patiently, our fastidiousness is utterly inexcusable, when we murmur against God, if he does not grant us a quiet nest. Certainly, when Christ has opened heaven to us, and daily invites us thither to dwell with himself; we should not take it amiss, if he chooses that we should be strangers in the world. The sum of the passage is this, that Abram was without a settled residence: (347) which title Paul assigns to Christians, ( 1 Corinthians 4:11 .) Moreover, there is a manifest prolepsis in the word Bethel; for Moses gives the place this name, to accommodate his discourse to the men of his own age. And there he builded an altar . Moses commends in Abram his unwearied devotedness to piety: for by these words, he intimates, that whatever place he visited, he there exercised himself in the external worship of God; both that he might have no religious rites in common with the wicked, and that he might retain his family in sincere piety. And it is probable, that, from this cause, he would be the object of no little enmity; because there is nothing which more enrages the wicked, than religion different from their own, in which they conceive themselves to be not only despised, but altogether condemned as blind. And we know that the Canaanites were cruel and proud, and too ready to avenge insults. This was perhaps the reason of Abram’s frequent removals: that his neighbors regarded the altars which he built, as a reproach to themselves. It ought indeed to be referred to the wonderful favor of God, that he was not often stoned. Nevertheless, since the holy man knows that he is justly required to bear testimony that he has a God peculiarly his own, whom he must not, by dissimulation, virtually deny, (348) he therefore does not hesitate to prefer the glory of God to his own life. (347) Αστατόυμενος (348) “ Ut testetur se peculiarem habere Deum .” — “ Qu’il testife avoir un autre Dieu que celui qui estoit la adore :” to testify that he has another God than that which was there adored. — French Tr return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-8

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"거기서 옮겨." 아브람이 제단을 하나님께 세웠던 곳에서 이사했다는 말을 들을 때, 우리는 그가 어떤 필요에 의해 강제되었음을 의심해서는 안 된다. 그는 거기서 주민들이 호의적이지 않음을 발견했다. 그러므로 자신의 장막을 다른 곳으로 옮긴다. 그러나 아브람이 자신의 끊임없는 방랑을 인내로 견뎌냈다면, 우리의 까다로움은 전혀 변명이 되지 않는다. 하나님이 우리에게 조용한 둥지를 주시지 않는다면 그분을 원망할 때 더욱.

확실히, 그리스도가 우리에게 하늘을 열어주시고 그분과 함께 거하도록 날마다 거기로 초대하실 때, 그분이 우리가 세상에서 나그네가 되도록 선택하신다 해도 우리는 그것을 기분 나쁘게 여겨서는 안 된다.

또한 벧엘이라는 단어에 명백한 전조사(prolepsis)가 있다. 모세가 자신의 시대 사람들의 담화에 맞추어 그 장소를 이 이름으로 부르고 있기 때문이다.

"거기서도 제단을 쌓고." 모세는 아브람의 지칠 줄 모르는 경건함을 칭찬한다. 이 말들로 그는 아브람이 어느 곳을 방문하든 거기서 하나님의 외적 예배에 자신을 헌신했음을 암시한다. 악인들과 어떤 종교 의식도 공유하지 않기 위함이요, 또한 자신의 가족을 진실한 경건 안에 유지하기 위해서이다.

원주석

9절 카드 ↗

9. And Abram journeyed . This was the third removal of the holy man within a short period, after he seemed to have found some kind of abode. It is certain that he did not voluntarily, and for his own gratification, run hither and thither, (as light-minded persons are wont to do:) but there were certain necessities which drove him forth, in order to teach him, by continual habit, that he was not only a stranger, but a wretched wanderer in the land of which he was the lord. Yet no common fruit was the result of so many changes; because he endeavored, as much as in him lay, to dedicate to God, every part of the land to which he had access, and perfumed it with the odour of his faith. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"

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bible-text/gen-12-9

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"아브람이 여행하되." 이것은 거룩한 사람의 단기간 내의 세 번째 이사였다. 어느 정도 거처를 발견한 것처럼 보인 후에. 그가 가볍고 경솔한 사람들이 하듯이 자발적으로 이리저리 뛰어다닌 것이 아님은 분명하다. 어떤 필요들이 그를 내몰았다. 그가 자신이 주인인 땅에서 단지 나그네일 뿐만 아니라 비참한 방랑자임을 지속적인 습관으로 훈련시키기 위해서. 그러나 그토록 많은 변화의 결과로 적지 않은 열매가 있었다. 왜냐하면 그는 자신이 다가갈 수 있었던 그 땅의 모든 부분을 가능한 한 하나님께 헌정하려 했고, 자신의 믿음의 향기로 그것을 향기롭게 했기 때문이다.

원주석

10절 카드 ↗

10. And there was a famine in the land . A much more severe temptation is now recorded, by which the faith of Abram is tried to the quick. For he is not only led around through various windings of the country, but is driven into exile, from the land which God had given to him and to his posterity. It is to be observed, that Chaldea was exceedingly fertile; having been, from this cause, accustomed to opulence, he came to Charran, where, it is conjectured, he lived commodiously enough, since it is clear he had an increase of servants and of wealth. But now being expelled by hunger from that land, where, in reliance on the word of God, he had promised himself a happy life, supplied with all abundance of good things, what must have been his thoughts, had he not been well fortified against the devices of Satan? His faith would have been overturned a hundred times. And we know, that whenever our expectation is frustrated, and things do not succeed according to our wishes, our flesh soon harps on this string, ‘God has deceived thee.’ But Moses shows, in a few words, with what firmness Abram sustained this vehement assault. He does not indeed magnificently proclaim his constancy in verbose eulogies; but, by one little word, he sufficiently demonstrates, that it was great even to a miracle, when he says, that he “went down into Egypt to sojourn there.” For he intimates, that Abram, nevertheless, retained in his mind possession of the land promised unto him; although, being ejected from it by hunger, he fled elsewhere, for the sake of obtaining food. And let us be instructed by this example, that the servants of God must contend against many obstacles, that they may finish the course of their vocation. For we must always recall to memory, that Abram is not to be regarded as an individual member of the body of the faithful, but as the common father of them all; so that all should form themselves to the imitation of his example. Therefore, since the condition of the present life is unstable, and obnoxious to innumerable changes; let us remember, that, whithersoever we may be driven by famine, and by the rage of war, and by other vicissitudes which occasionally happen beyond our expectation, we must yet hold our right course; and that, though our bodies may be carried hither and thither, our faith ought to stand unshaken. Moreover, it is not surprising, when the Canaanites sustained life with difficulty, that Abram should be compelled privately to consult for himself. For he had not a single acre of land; and he had to deal with a cruel and most wicked people, who would rather a hundred times have suffered him to perish with hunger, than they would have brought him assistance in his difficulty. Such circumstances amplify the praise of Abram’s faith and fortitude: first, because, when destitute of food for the body. he feeds himself upon the sole promise of God; and then, because he is not to be torn away by any violence, except for a short time, from the place where he was commanded to dwell. In this respect he is very unlike many, who are hurried away, by every slight occasion, to desert their proper calling. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-10

Source

"그 땅에 기근이 있었으므로." 이제 훨씬 더 심각한 시험이 기록된다. 이 시험으로 아브람의 믿음이 극한까지 시험된다. 왜냐하면 그는 단지 나라의 다양한 굽이굽이를 돌아다닐 뿐만 아니라, 하나님이 자신과 후손에게 주신 땅에서 추방되어 망명의 길을 가기 때문이다.

갈대아가 매우 비옥했다는 것을 관찰해야 한다. 이로 인해 풍요에 익숙해진 그는 하란에 왔는데, 거기서 종들과 재물이 증가했으므로 충분히 편안하게 살았다고 추측된다. 그러나 이제 기근으로 그 땅에서 쫓겨난다. 그 땅에서 그는 하나님의 말씀을 신뢰하여 모든 좋은 것들의 풍요로 행복한 삶을 약속했었다. 만약 그가 사탄의 책략에 잘 무장되어 있지 않았다면, 그의 생각이 어떠했겠는가? 그의 믿음이 백 번도 넘게 전복되었을 것이다. 그리고 우리는 우리의 기대가 좌절되고 일들이 우리의 소원대로 성공하지 못할 때마다, 우리의 육신이 즉시 이 곡을 연주한다는 것을 안다. "하나님이 너를 속였다."

그러나 모세는 몇 마디 말로 아브람이 이 맹렬한 공격을 얼마나 굳건하게 견뎌냈는지를 보여준다. 그는 그의 항상성을 장황한 찬사로 화려하게 선포하지 않는다. 그러나 한 작은 말로, 그것이 기적에 가까울 정도로 컸음을 충분히 입증한다. 그가 "거기서 소득을 위해 이집트로 내려갔다"고 말할 때. 왜냐하면 그는 아브람이 그럼에도 그에게 약속된 땅에 대한 마음의 소유를 유지했음을 암시하기 때문이다. 비록 기근으로 그것에서 쫓겨나 먹을 것을 얻기 위해 다른 곳으로 피신했으나.

이 예에서 우리는 하나님의 종들이 자신들의 소명의 과정을 마치기 위해 많은 장애물과 싸워야 함을 배우자. 아브람은 개인 신자가 아니라 그들 모두의 공통 아버지로 여겨져야 하며, 모든 이들이 그의 예를 본받아야 한다. 따라서 현재 삶의 상태가 불안정하고 헤아릴 수 없는 변화에 노출되어 있으므로, 기근과 전쟁의 분노와 우리의 기대를 벗어난 다른 변화들로 어디로 몰리더라도, 우리는 여전히 올바른 과정을 유지해야 한다. 그리고 비록 우리의 몸이 이리저리 이끌리더라도, 우리의 믿음은 흔들리지 않고 서 있어야 한다.

원주석

11절 카드 ↗

11. He said unto Sarai his wife . He now relates the counsel which Abram took for the preservation of his life when he was approaching Egypt. Andy since this place is like a rock, on which many strike; it is proper that we should soberly and reverently consider how far Abram was deserving of excuse, and how he was to be blamed. First, there seems to be something of falsehood, mixed with the dissimulations which he persuades his wife to practice. And although afterwards he makes the excuse, that he had not lied nor feigned anything that was untrue: in this certainly he was greatly culpable that it was not owing to his care that his wife was not prostituted. For when he dissembles the fact, that she was his wife, he deprives her chastity of its legitimate defense. And hence certain perverse cavilers take occasion to object, (349) that the holy patriarch was a pander to his own wife; and that, for the purpose of craftily taking care of himself, he spared neither her modesty nor his own honor. But it is easy to refute this virulent abuse; because, it may indeed be inferred, that Abram had far higher ends in view, seeing that in other things, he was endued with a magnanimity so great. Again, how did it happen, that he rather sought to go into Egypt than to Charran, or into his own country, unless that in his journeying, he had God before his eyes, and the divine promise firmly rooted in his mind? Since, therefore, he never allowed his senses to swerve from the word of God, we may even thence gather the reason, why he so greatly feared for his own life, as to attempt the preservation of it from one danger, by incurring a still greater. Undoubtedly he would have chosen to die a hundred times, rather than thus to ruin the character of his wife, and to be deprived of the society of her whom alone he loved. But while he reflected that the hope of salvation was centred in himself , that he was the fountain of the Church of Gods that unless he lived, the benediction promised to him, and to his seed, was vain; he did not estimate his own life according to the private affection of the flesh; but inasmuch as he did not wish the effect of the divine vocation to perish through his death, he was so affected with concern for the preservation of his own life, that he overlooked every thing besides. So far, then, he deserves praise, that, having in view a lawful end of living, he was prepared to purchase life at any price. But in devising this indirect method, by which he subjected his wife to the peril of adultery, he seems to be by no means excusable. If he was solicitous about his own life, which he might justly be, yet he ought to have cast his care upon God. The providence of God, I grant, does not indeed preclude the faithful from caring for themselves; but let them do it in such a way, that they may not overstep their prescribed bounds. Hence it follows, that Abram’s end was right, but he erred in the way itself; for so it often happens to us, that even while we are tending towards God, yet, by our thoughtlessness in catching at unlawful means, we swerve from his word. And this, especially, is wont to take place in affairs of difficulty; because, while no way of escape appears, we are easily led astray into various circuitous paths. Therefore, although they are rash judges, who entirely condemn this deed of Abram, yet the special fault is not to be denied, namely, that he, trembling at the approach of death, did not commit the issue of the danger to God, instead of sinfully betraying the modesty of his wife. Wherefore, by this example, we are admonished, that, in involved and doubtful matters, we must seek the spirit of counsel and of prudence from the Lord; and must also cultivate sobriety, that we may not attempt anything rashly without the authority of his word. I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon (350) It is asked whence had Sarai this beauty, seeing she was an old woman? For though we grant that she previously had excelled in elegance of form, certainly years had detracted from her gracefulness; and we know how much the wrinkles of old age disfigure the best and most beautiful faces. In the first place, I answer, there is no doubt that there was then greater vivacity in the human race than there is now; we also know, that vigor sustains the personal appearance. Again, her sterility availed to preserve her beauty, and to keep her whole habit of body entire; for there is nothing which more debilitates females than frequent parturition. I do not however doubt, that the perfection of her form was the special gift of God; but why he would not suffer the beauty of the holy woman to be so soon worn down by age, we know not; unless it were, that the loveliness of that form was intended to be the cause of great and severe anxiety to her husband. Common experience also teaches us, that they who are not content with a regular and moderate degree of comeliness, find, to their great loss, at what a cost immoderate beauty is purchased. (349) “ Atque hinc latrandi materiam protervi quidam canes arripiunt .” (350) “ An aggravation of Abraham’s alarm arose from the complexion of his wife, — ‘Thou art a fair woman.’ Though the Egyptian ladies were not so dark as the Nubians and Ethiopians, they were of a browner tinge than the Syrians and Arabians: we also find on the monuments that ladies of high rank are usually represented in lighter tints than their attendants.... There is ample evidence, that a fair complexion was deemed a high recommendation in the age of the Pharaohs. This circumstance, so fully confirmed by the monuments, is recorded in no history but the book of Genesis; and it is a remarkable confirmation of the veracity of the Pentateuch.” — Gliddon’s Ancient Egypt, quoted in Hengstenberg’s Egypt and the Books of Moses, p.200. It may here be proper to remark, that much learned labor has been expended by the Anti-supernaturalist Divines on the Continent, in the fruitless attempt to prove that

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-11

Source

"아내 사래에게 이르되." 이제 그는 아브람이 이집트에 가까이 다가갔을 때 자신의 목숨을 보존하기 위해 취한 계획을 전한다. 이 구절은 마치 암초와 같아서 많은 이들이 거기서 부딪히므로, 아브람이 어느 정도 용서받을 만했는지와 어디서 비난받아야 하는지를 차분하고 경건하게 고찰하는 것이 적절하다.

첫째로, 그가 아내를 설득하여 행하게 한 거짓 속에 거짓말이 섞인 것처럼 보인다. 그리고 비록 나중에 그가 거짓말을 하거나 사실이 아닌 것을 꾸며내지 않았다는 변명을 하지만: 이 점에서 그가 크게 허물이 있는 것은 분명하다. 그의 돌봄으로 인해 아내가 매음에 빠지지 않은 것이 아니라는 것이다. 그가 그녀가 자기 아내임을 숨길 때, 그는 그녀의 정절을 합법적인 방어에서 빼앗기 때문이다.

그러나 거룩한 족장이 나머지 일들에서 그토록 크고 담대한 영혼을 갖추고 있었음을 감안할 때, 그가 훨씬 더 높은 목적을 가지고 있었음을 추론하는 것이 쉽다. 또한 그가 왜 하란이나 자기 나라로 가는 것보다 이집트로 들어가기를 더 추구했는가? 오직 그의 여정에서 하나님을 눈앞에 두고, 하나님의 약속이 그의 마음속에 굳게 뿌리를 내리고 있었기 때문이 아닌가?

그러므로 그는 결코 자신의 감각이 하나님의 말씀에서 벗어나도록 허용하지 않았으므로, 우리는 그가 자신의 생명을 위해 그토록 두려워한 이유를, 즉 한 위험에서 생명을 보존하려다 더 큰 위험에 빠진 이유를 거기서도 찾을 수 있다. 의심할 여지 없이 그는 아내의 명예를 망치고 자신이 유일하게 사랑하는 그녀의 동반을 빼앗기는 것보다 백 번 죽기를 선택했을 것이다. 그러나 구원의 소망이 자신 안에 집중되어 있고, 자신이 하나님 교회의 원천이며, 자신이 살지 않으면 자신과 자신의 씨에게 약속된 복이 헛될 것이라고 반성할 때, 그는 자신의 생명을 육신의 사사로운 애정으로 평가하지 않았다. 오히려 자신의 죽음으로 하나님 부르심의 결과가 사라지는 것을 원하지 않았으므로, 자신의 생명 보존에 대한 염려로 인해 다른 모든 것을 간과하게 되었다.

그러나 아내를 간음의 위험에 노출시키는 이 간접적인 방법을 고안해 낸 것에서 그는 전혀 변명할 수 없는 것처럼 보인다. 자신의 생명에 대해 염려했다면(정당하게 그럴 수 있었겠지만), 그는 자신의 염려를 하나님께 맡겼어야 했다. 하나님의 섭리가 실로 신자들이 자신을 위해 염려하는 것을 배제하지 않는다. 그러나 그들은 규정된 한계를 넘어서지 않는 방식으로 그렇게 해야 한다. 그러므로 아브람의 목적은 옳았으나 방법 자체에서 오류를 범했다는 것이 따라온다. 우리에게도 종종 하나님을 향해 나아가면서도, 불법적인 수단을 붙잡으려는 경솔함으로 그분의 말씀에서 벗어나는 일이 그렇게 자주 일어난다.

원주석

12절 카드 ↗

12. Therefore it shall come to pass, that when the Egyptians shall see thee, etc . It may seem that Abram was unjust to the Egyptians, in suspecting evil of them, from whom he had yet received no injury. And, since charity truly is not suspicious; he may appear to deal unfairly, in not only charging them with lust, but also in suspecting them of murder. I answer, that the holy man did, not without reason, fear for himself from that nation, concerning which he had heard many unfavourable reports. And already he had, in other places, experienced so much of the wickedness of men, that he might justly apprehend everything from the profane despisers of God. He does not however pronounce anything absolutely concerning the Egyptians; but, wishing to bring his wife to his own opinion, he gives her timely warning of what might happen. And God, while he commands us to abstain from malicious and sinister judgments, yet allows to be on our guard against unknown persons; and this may take place without any injury to the brethren. Yet I do not deny that this trepidation of Abram exceeded all bounds and that an unreasonable anxiety caused him to involve himself in another fault, as we have already stated. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-15" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-12

Source

"이집트 사람들이 너를 볼 때에." 아브람이 아직 아무 해도 받지 않은 이집트인들에 대해 악을 의심하는 것이 불의해 보일 수 있다. 그리고 자비가 진실로 의심하지 않으므로, 그들을 정욕뿐만 아니라 살인까지 의심하는 데서 그가 불공정하게 행동하는 것처럼 보일 수 있다. 나는 거룩한 사람이 그 민족에 대해 많은 불리한 이야기를 들었으므로 그들로 인해 두려워하는 것이 이유 없지 않다고 대답한다. 그리고 그는 이미 다른 곳에서 사람들의 사악함을 그토록 많이 경험했으므로, 하나님을 불경하게 멸시하는 자들로부터 모든 것을 두려워하는 것이 당연했다.

그러나 그는 이집트인들에 대해 아무것도 절대적으로 선언하지 않는다. 아내를 자신의 의견으로 이끌려 하며, 그가 일어날 수 있다고 경고한다. 그리고 하나님은 우리에게 악의적이고 음험한 판단에서 삼가도록 명하시지만, 모르는 사람들에 대해 경계하도록 허용하신다. 이것은 형제들에게 아무 해 없이 이루어질 수 있다.

원주석

15절 카드 ↗

15. And commended her before Pharaoh (351) Although Abram had sinned by fearing too much and too soon, yet the event teaches, that he had not feared without cause: for his wife was taken from him and brought to the king. At first Moses speaks generally of the Egyptians, afterwards he mentions the courtiers; by which course he intimates, that the rumor of Sara’s beauty was everywhere spread abroad; but that it was more eagerly received by the courtiers who indulge themselves in greater license. Whereas he adds, that they told the king; we hence infer, how ancient is that corruption which now prevails immeasurably in the courts of kings. For as all things there are full of blandishments and flatteries, so the nobles principally apply their minds to introduce, from time to time, what may be gratifying to royalty. Therefore we see, that whosoever among them desires to rise high in favor, is addicted not only to servile batteries, but also to pandering for their master’s lusts. And the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s house . Since she was carried off, and dwelt for some time in the palace, many suppose that she was corrupted by the king. For it is not credible, that a lustful man, when he had her in his power, should have spared her modesty. This, truly, Abram had richly deserved, who had neither relied upon the grace of God, nor had committed the chastity of his wife to His faithfulness and care; but the plague which immediately followed, sufficiently proves that the Lord was mindful of her; and hence we may conclude, that she remained uninjured. And although, in this place, Moses says nothing expressly on the subject, yet, from a comparison with a similar subsequent history, we conjecture, that the guardianship of God was not wanting to Abram at this time also. When he was in similar danger, ( Genesis 20:1 ,) God did not suffer her to be violated by the king of Gerar; shall we then suppose that she was now exposed to Pharaoh’s lust? Would God have thought more about subjecting her, who had been once dishonored, to a second disgrace, than about preserving her, who had hitherto lived uprightly and chastely? Further, if God showed himself so propitious to Abram, as to rescue his wife whom he exposed a second time to infamy; how is it possible that He should have failed to obviate the previous danger? Perhaps, also, greater integrity still flourished in that age; so that the lusts of kings were not so unrestrained as they afterwards became. Moreover, when Moses adds, that Abram was kindly treated for Sarai’s sake; we hence conclude, that she was honorably entertained by Pharaoh, and was not dealt with as a harlot. When, therefore, Moses says, that she was brought into the king’s palace; I do not understand this to have been for any other purpose, (352) than that the kings by a solemn rite, might take her as his wife. (351) “ She must therefore have been unveiled. The monuments show, that, according to Egyptian customs, she could only so appear in public. ‘We find from the monuments,’ says Taylor, ‘that the Egyptian women, in the reign of the Pharaohs, exposed their faces, and were permitted to enjoy as much liberty as the ladies of modern Europe. But this custom was changed after the conquest of the country by the Persians.’’ — Hengstenberg’s Egypt and the Books of Moses, p. 199. (352) “ Non interpretor fuisse factum, ut statim cum rege dormiret, sed ut rex solemni ritu eam duceret uxorem .” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-17" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-15

Source

"바로 앞에서 칭찬했다." 아브람이 너무 이르고 너무 많이 두려워함으로써 죄를 범했음에도, 사건이 그가 까닭 없이 두려워하지 않았음을 가르쳐 준다. 왜냐하면 그의 아내가 그에게서 빼앗겨 왕에게 끌려갔기 때문이다. 처음에 모세는 이집트인들 일반에 대해 말하고, 그 다음에는 조신들을 언급한다. 이로써 그는 사래의 아름다움에 대한 소문이 도처에 퍼졌으나, 더 큰 방종에 빠져 있는 조신들에 의해 더 열심히 받아들여졌음을 암시한다.

그가 그들이 왕에게 고했다고 덧붙이는 것에서, 우리는 왕궁에서 지금 매우 만연한 부패가 얼마나 오래되었는지 추론한다. 거기서는 모든 것이 아첨과 인사로 가득 차 있으므로, 귀족들은 무엇보다도 때때로 왕족을 기쁘게 할 것들을 소개하는 데 마음을 쏟는다. 따라서 우리는 그들 가운데 높이 올라가기를 원하는 자는 누구나 종의 아첨뿐만 아니라, 자신들의 주인의 정욕을 위한 뚜쟁이 짓에도 빠진다는 것을 본다.

"여인이 바로의 집으로 들어갔다." 그녀가 끌려가 왕궁에 한동안 거주했으므로, 많은 이들이 그녀가 왕에 의해 부패되었다고 생각한다. 정욕적인 사람이 그녀를 자기 손에 두고도 그녀의 정절을 아꼈다는 것이 믿기 어렵기 때문이다. 이것은 진실로 아브람이 마땅히 받을 것이었다. 그는 하나님의 은혜에 의존하지도, 그분의 신실하심에 아내의 정절을 맡기지도 않았기 때문이다. 그러나 즉시 뒤따른 재앙이 주님이 그녀를 기억하셨음을 충분히 증명하며, 이로써 우리는 그녀가 상하지 않고 남아 있었다고 결론지을 수 있다.

원주석

17절 카드 ↗

17. And the Lord plagued Pharaoh . If Moses had simply related, that God had punished the king for having committed adultery, it would not so obviously appear that he had taken care of Sarai’s chastity; but when he plainly declares that the house of the king was plagued because of Sarai, Abram’s wife, all doubt is, in my judgment, removed; because God, on behalf of his servant, interposed his mighty hand in time, lest Sarai should be violated. And here we have a remarkable instance of the solicitude with which God protects his servants, by undertaking their cause against the most powerful monarchs; as this and similar histories show, which are referred to in Psalms 105:12 : — When they were but a few men in number; yea, very few, and strangers in it. When they went from one nation to another, from one kingdom to another people; he suffered no man to do them wrong; yea, he reproved kings for their sakes; saying, Touch not mine anointed, and do my prophets no harm.’ From which passage also a confirmation of the opinion just given may be derived. For if God reproved Pharaoh, that he should do Abram no harm; it follows, that he preserved Sarai’s honor uninjured. Instructed by such examples, we may also learn, that however the world may hold us in contempt, on account of the smallness of our number, and our weakness; we are yet so precious in the sight of God, that he will, for our sake, declare himself an enemy to kings, and even to the whole world. Let us know, that we are covered by his protection, in order that the lust and violence of those who are more powerful, may not oppress us. But it is asked, whether Pharaoh was justly punished, seeing that he neither intended, by guile nor by force, to gain possession of another man’s wife? I answer, that the actions of men are not always to be estimated according to our judgment, but are rather to be weighed in the balances of God; for it often happens, that the Lord will find in us what he may justly punish, while we seem to ourselves to be free from fault, and while we absolve ourselves from all guilt. Let kings rather learn, from this history, to bridle their own power, and moderately to use their authority; and, lastly, to impose a voluntary law of moderation upon themselves. For, although no fault openly appears in Pharaoh; yet, since he has no faithful monitor among men, who dares to repress his licentiousness, the Lord chastises him from heaven. As to his family, it was indeed innocent; but the Lord has always just causes, though hidden from us, why he should smite with his rod those who seem to merit no such rebuke. That he spared his servant Abram, ought to be ascribed to his paternal indulgence. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-18" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-17

Source

"여호와께서 아브람의 아내 사래 때문에 바로와 그 집에 큰 재앙을 내리셨다." 만약 모세가 단순히 하나님이 간음을 범한 것으로 왕을 벌하셨다고 전했다면, 그분이 사래의 정절을 돌보셨다는 것이 그토록 분명하게 드러나지 않았을 것이다. 그러나 그가 아브람의 아내 사래 때문에 왕의 집이 재앙을 받았다고 명백히 선언할 때, 내 판단으로는 모든 의심이 사라진다. 왜냐하면 하나님이 그의 종을 위해 제때에 자신의 전능한 손을 개입시키시어 사래가 능욕당하지 않도록 하셨기 때문이다.

그리고 여기서 우리는 하나님이 가장 강력한 군주들에 대해서도 그들의 대의를 취하심으로써 그분의 종들을 보호하시는 열심의 놀라운 사례를 가진다. 이 역사와 유사한 역사들이 시편 105:12에 언급된다. "그들이 수가 적어 소수였으며, 거기서 나그네였을 때. 이 나라에서 저 나라로, 이 왕국에서 다른 백성에게로 다닐 때; 그분은 아무도 그들에게 해를 끼치지 못하게 하시며, 그들 때문에 왕들을 꾸짖으셨다. '내 기름부음받은 자에게 손대지 말며, 내 선지자들을 해하지 말라.'"

우리는 이러한 예들에 의해 세상이 우리의 작은 수와 약함으로 인해 우리를 아무리 경멸하더라도, 우리는 하나님의 눈에 그토록 소중하여 그분이 우리를 위해 왕들과 심지어 온 세상에 적이 되기를 선언하신다는 것을 배울 수 있다.

그런데 바로가 의도적으로 속임수로도 강제로도 다른 사람의 아내를 차지하려 하지 않았는데 과연 그가 정당하게 처벌받았는가 하는 물음이 제기된다. 나는 사람들의 행동이 항상 우리의 판단으로 평가되어야 하는 것이 아니라 오히려 하나님의 저울에 달려야 한다고 대답한다. 주님이 우리 안에서 우리가 자신을 결백하다고 여기고 모든 죄에서 스스로를 사하는 동안에도 정당하게 벌할 수 있는 것을 발견하시는 경우가 종종 있기 때문이다.

원주석

18절 카드 ↗

18. And Pharaoh called Abram . Pharaoh justly expostulates with Abram, who was chiefly in fault. No answer on the part of Abram is here recorded; and perhaps he assented to the just and true reprehension. It is, however, possible that the exculpation was omitted by Moses; whose design was to give an example of the Divine providence in preserving Abram, and vindicating his marriage relation. But, although Abram knew that he was suffering the due punishment of his folly, or of his unreasonable caution; He, nevertheless, relapsed, as we shall see in its proper place, a second time into the same fault. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-20" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-18

Source

"바로가 아브람을 불러." 바로가 주로 허물이 있는 아브람에게 정당하게 따진다. 아브람의 답변은 여기서 기록되지 않는다. 아마도 그는 정당하고 사실에 근거한 책망에 동의했을 것이다. 그러나 모세가 변명을 생략했을 가능성도 있다. 그의 의도는 아브람을 보존하고 그의 결혼 관계를 옹호하는 하나님의 섭리의 예를 제공하는 것이었기 때문이다. 그러나 비록 아브람이 자신의 어리석음 또는 지나친 주의의 합당한 형벌을 받고 있음을 알았지만, 그는 제자리에서 볼 수 있듯이 두 번째로 동일한 실수에 다시 빠졌다.

원주석

20절 카드 ↗

20. And Pharaoh commanded his men . In giving commandment that Abram should have a safe-conduct out of the kingdom, Pharaoh might seem to have done it, for the sake of providing against danger; because Abram had stirred up the odium of the nation against himself, as against one who had brought thither the scourge of God along with him; but as this conjecture has little solidity, I give the more simple interpretation, that leave of departure was granted to Abram with the addition of a guard, lest he should be exposed to violence. For we know how proud and cruel the Egyptians were; and how obnoxious Abram was to envy, because having there become suddenly rich, he would seem to be carrying spoil away with him. return to ' Top of Page ' Genesis Gen 11 Genesis Gen Genesis Gen 13 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Genesis 12". "Calvin's Commentary on the Bible". https://www.studylight.org/ commentaries/ eng/ cal/ genesis-12.html. 1840-57. terms of use • privacy policy • • rights and permissions • contact sl • about sl • link to sl To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient contact form StudyLight.org © 2001-2026 Powered by Light speed Technology Ads Free Profile .sub-menu{font-size:12px;padding:10px 0;max-width:1260px;width:100%;background-color:#f7f7f7;color:#6b6b6b;border-bottom:5px solid #6b6b6b;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:absolute;z-index:9998} .sub-menu .menu-group{width:100%;margin:0 5px 0;padding:0 5px 0;border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer{display:none} .sub-menu .menu-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-name a{color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-ul li a{color:#6b6b6b;} .sub-menu .menu-ul li:hover{color:#DD8000} .search-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;-webkit-appearance:square-button;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px} .int-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .int-search-div .int-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:0 5px 0;margin-right:5px;width:30%;height:30px;flex:1 1 100%} .int-search-div .int-s-button{width:50px;margin-right:10px;height:30px;flex:0 0 50px} .int-selections-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px} .int-selections-div .int-s-section{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;width:70px;height:30px;flex:1 1 50%} .int-selections-div .int-s-translation{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px;width:40%;height:30px;flex:1 1 40%} .lex-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;width:95%;height:30px;font-size:13px;padding:5px;margin-right:5px} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;height:30px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px;width:100px} .lex-search-languages{width:95%;font-size:11px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:5px} .ill-quo-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;margin-top:10px} .ill-quo-s-query{font-size:15px;color:#6b6b6b;padding:0 10px 0;border:1px solid #dadada;height:30px;width:100px;margin-right:5px;flex:1 1 auto} .ill-quo-s-select{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;padding:5px;height:30px;margin-right:5px} .clickable{cursor:pointer} ia, qa{cursor:pointer;margin:0 4px; 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Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-12-20

Source

"바로가 그 사람들에게 명하여." 아브람에게 왕국 밖으로 나가는 안전 통행권을 줌으로써, 바로는 마치 하나님의 재앙을 함께 가져온 자에 대한 민족의 혐오를 방지하기 위해 그렇게 한 것처럼 보일 수 있다. 그러나 이 추측이 별로 근거가 없으므로, 나는 더 단순한 해석을 제시한다. 아브람이 폭력에 노출되지 않도록 호위대와 함께 떠날 허가가 주어졌다는 것이다. 왜냐하면 우리는 이집트인들이 얼마나 오만하고 잔인했는지 알기 때문이다. 그리고 갑자기 거기서 부자가 된 것처럼 보여 노략물을 가지고 가는 것처럼 보였으므로, 아브람이 시기의 대상이 되었다.

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