1절 카드 ↗
We now come to the closing scene of our redemption. For the lively assurance of our reconciliation with God arises from Christ having come from hell as the conqueror of death, in order to show that he had the power of a new life at his disposal. Justly, therefore, does Paul say that there will be no gospel, and that the hope of salvation will be vain and fruitless, unless we believe that Christ is risen from the dead, ( 1 Corinthians 15:14 .) For then did Christ obtain righteousness for us, and open up our entrance into heaven; and, in short, then was our adoption ratified, when Christ, by rising from the dead, exerted the power of his Spirit, and proved himself to be the Son of God. No though he manifested his resurrection in a different manner from what the sense of our flesh would have desired, still the method of which he approved ought to be regarded by us also as the best. he went out of the grave without a witness, that the emptiness of the place might be the earliest indication; next, he chose to have it announced to the women by the angels that he was alive; and shortly afterwards he appeared to the women, and, finally, to the apostles, and on various occasions. Thus he gradually brought his followers, according to their capacity, to a larger measure of knowledge. He began with the women, and not only presented himself to be seen by them, but even gave them a commission to announce the gospel to the apostles, so as to become their instructors. This was intended, first, to chastise the indifference of the apostles, who were like persons half-dead with fear, while the women ran with alacrity to the sepulcher, and likewise obtained no ordinary reward. For though their design to anoint Christ, as if Ire were still dead, was not free from blame, still he forgave their weakness, and bestowed on them distinguished honor, by taking away from men the apostolic office, and committing it to them for a short time. In this manner also he exhibited an instance of what Paul tells us, that he chooses those things which are foolish and weak in the world to abase the loftiness of the flesh. And never shall we be duly prepared to learn this article of our faith in any other manner than by laying aside all pride, and submitting to receive the testimony of the women. Not that our faith ought to be confined within such narrow limits, but because the Lord, in order to make trial of our faith, determines that we shall become fools, before he admits us to a more ample knowledge of his mysteries. So far as regards the narrative, Matthew says only that the two Marys came to see the sepulcher; Mark adds a third, Salome, and says that they bought spices to anoint the body; and from Luke we infer, that not two or three only, but many women came. But we know that it is customary with the sacred writers, when speaking of a great number, to name but a few of them. It may also be conjectured with probability, that Mary Magdalene, with another companion—whether she was sent before, or ran forward of her own accord arrived at the grave before the rest of the women. And this appears to be conveyed by the words of Matthew, that those two women came for the purpose of seeing; for without seeing Christ:, they had no means of anointing him. He says nothing, in the meantime, about the purpose which they had formed of doing honor to him; for the principal object which he had in view was, to testify of the resurrection. But it may be asked, how could this zeal of the women, which was mixed with superstition, be acceptable to God? I have no doubt, that the custom of anointing the dead, which they had borrowed from the Fathers, was applied by them to its proper object, which was, to draw consolation, amidst the mourning of death, from the hope of the life to come. I readily acknowledge that they sinned in not immediately raising their minds to that prediction which they had heard from the lips of their Master, when he foretold that he would rise again on the third day. (301) But as they retain the general principle of the final resurrection, that defect is forgiven, which would justly have vitiated, as the phrase is, the whole of the action. Thus God frequently accepts, with fatherly kindness, the works of the saints, which, without pardon, not only would not have pleased him, but would even have been justly rejected with shame and punishment. It is, therefore, an astonishing display of the goodness of Christ, that he kindly and generously presents himself alive to the women, who did him wrong in seeking him among the dead. Now if he did not permit them to come in vain to his grave, we may conclude with certainty, that those who now aspire to him by faith will not be disappointed; for the distance of places does not prevent believers from enjoying him who fills heaven and earth by the power of his Spirit. (301) “ Quand il avoit predit qu’il ressusciteroit le troisieme jour .” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
우리는 이제 우리 구원의 마지막 장면에 이르렀다. 하나님과의 화해에 대한 생생한 확신은, 그리스도께서 새 생명의 능력을 그 손에 쥐고 계심을 보이시기 위해 죽음의 정복자로서 음부에서 나오셨다는 사실에서 비롯된다. 그러므로 바울이 말한 대로, 그리스도께서 죽은 자 가운데서 부활하셨음을 믿지 않는다면 복음도 없고 구원의 소망도 헛되고 공허한 것이 될 것이다. 그리스도께서 부활하심으로써 우리를 위해 의를 얻으시고 천국으로 들어가는 문을 열어 주셨다. 요컨대, 그리스도께서 죽은 자 가운데서 살아나심으로 성령의 능력을 발휘하시고 자신이 하나님의 아들이심을 증명하셨을 때, 비로소 우리의 양자 됨이 확정되었다.
그리스도께서는 우리의 육신이 원하였을 방식과 다른 방법으로 부활을 나타내셨지만, 그분이 선택하신 방법은 우리도 최선으로 여겨야 한다. 그분은 증인 없이 무덤을 나오셨고, 빈 무덤이 가장 먼저 그 사실을 가리키게 하셨다. 그다음 여인들에게 천사들이 그가 살아 계심을 알리도록 하셨고, 곧이어 여인들에게 나타나셨으며, 마침내 사도들에게, 그리고 여러 차례에 걸쳐 나타나셨다. 이처럼 그분은 제자들을 그들의 수용 능력에 따라 점진적으로 더 깊은 지식으로 이끄셨다. 그분은 여인들로부터 시작하셨고, 단지 그들에게 보이신 것뿐만 아니라 사도들에게 복음을 전할 사명까지 맡기심으로써 그들을 사도들의 교사로 삼으셨다.
이는 첫째로, 반쯤 죽은 것처럼 두려움에 사로잡혀 있던 사도들의 무감각함을 책망하기 위한 것이었다. 반면 여인들은 기꺼이 무덤으로 달려갔고, 그에 걸맞은 보상을 받았다. 비록 그리스도를 죽은 자처럼 여겨 기름을 바르려 한 그들의 의도가 온전히 옳지는 않았으나, 그분은 그들의 연약함을 용서하시고, 잠시 동안 사도적 직무를 남자들에게서 거두어 그들에게 맡기시는 특별한 영예를 베푸셨다.
마태는 두 마리아가 무덤을 보러 왔다고만 기록하고 있으나, 마가는 살로메를 포함한 세 번째 여인을 더하며 그들이 시신에 바를 향품을 샀다고 말한다. 누가의 기록을 통해서는 두세 명이 아니라 많은 여인들이 왔음을 알 수 있다. 또한 막달라 마리아가 다른 동행자와 함께 나머지 여인들보다 먼저 무덤에 도착했다고 추정하는 것도 충분히 가능하다.
그런데 미신이 섞인 여인들의 열심이 어떻게 하나님께 받아들여질 수 있었는가 하는 물음이 있을 수 있다. 나는 그들이 조상들에게서 전해받은 시신에 기름을 바르는 풍습을, 그 본래의 목적—죽음의 슬픔 가운데서 장래의 부활 소망으로 위로를 얻는 것—에 맞게 적용했다고 믿어 의심치 않는다. 물론 그들이 주님께서 친히 사흘 만에 부활하리라 예언하신 말씀을 즉각 마음에 새기지 못한 것은 잘못이었음을 기꺼이 인정한다. 그러나 최후 부활에 대한 일반적인 원칙을 붙들고 있었기에 그 결점은 용서받았다. 이처럼 하나님께서는 성도들의 행위를 아버지의 인자하심으로 자주 받아 주시나니, 만약 용서가 없었다면 그 행위들은 하나님을 기쁘시게 하지 못하였을 뿐 아니라 수치와 벌로 당연히 거절당하였을 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
2절 카드 ↗
Matthew 28:2 . And, lo, a great earthquake. By many signs the Lord showed the presence of his glory, that he might more fully prepare the hearts of the holy women to reverence the mystery. (304) For since it was not a matter of little consequence to know that the Son of God had obtained a victory over death, (on which the principal point of our salvation is founded,) it was necessary to remove all doubts, that the divine majesty might be openly and manifestly presented to the eyes of the women. Matthew says, therefore, that there was an earthquake, by which the divine power which I have mentioned might be perceived. And by this prodigy, it was proper that the women should be allowed to expect nothing human or earthly, but to raise their minds to a work of God which was new, and surpassed the expectations of men. The raiment and the countenance of the angel, too, might be said to be rays by which the splendor of Godhead was diffused, so as to enable them to perceive that it was not a mortal man that stood near them, having the face of a man. For though dazzling light, or the whiteness of snow, is nothing in comparison of the boundless glory of God, but rather, if we wish to know him aright, we ought not to imagine to ourselves any color; yet when he makes known by outward signs that he is present, he invites us to him, as far as our weakness can endure. Still we ought to know that the visible signs of his presence are exhibited to us, that our minds may conceive of him as invisible; and that, under bodily forms, we obtain a taste of his spiritual essence, that we may seek him spiritually. Yet it cannot be doubted that, together with outward signs, there was an inward power, which engraved on the hearts of the women an impression of Deity. For though at first they were struck with amazement, yet it will appear, from what follows, that they gathered courage, and were gradually instructed in such a manner, that they perceived the hand of God to be present. Our three Evangelists, from a desire of brevity, leave out what is more fully related by John, ( John 20:1 ) which, we know, is not unusual with them. There is also this difference, that Matthew and Mark mention but one angel, while John and Luke speak of two. But this apparent contradiction also is easily removed; for we know how frequently in Scripture instances occur of that figure of speech by which a part is taken for the whole. There were two angels, therefore, who appeared first to Mary, and afterwards to her other companions; but as the attention of the women was chiefly directed to the angel who spoke, Matthew and Mark have satisfied themselves with relating his message. Besides, when Matthew says that the angel sat on a stone, there is in his words ( ὕστερον πρότερον ), an inversion of the order of events; or, at least, that order was disregarded by him; for the angel did not immediately appear, but while the women were held in suspense and anxiety by an event so strange and astonishing. (304) “ A Une reverence du mystere .” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
주님께서는 여러 표징들을 통해 자신의 영광의 임재를 나타내심으로써, 거룩한 여인들의 마음이 이 신비를 경외함으로 받아들일 준비를 더욱 충분히 갖추게 하셨다. 하나님의 아들께서 죽음을 이기셨다는 사실을 아는 것은 작은 일이 아니었으므로, 모든 의심을 제거하여 하나님의 위엄이 여인들의 눈앞에 공개적이고 분명하게 드러나게 할 필요가 있었다. 마태는 이에 지진이 있었다고 말하는데, 이를 통해 앞서 말한 하나님의 능력이 감지될 수 있었다. 이 표적을 통해 여인들은 인간적이거나 세상적인 것을 기대하지 말고, 사람의 기대를 초월한 새로운 하나님의 역사를 향해 마음을 들어 올리도록 인도받았다.
천사의 의복과 얼굴 모습 또한 하나님의 광채가 퍼져 나오는 빛줄기라 할 수 있었다. 그러나 우리는, 하나님께서 우리에게 자신의 임재에 대한 가시적 표징들을 나타내 보이시는 것은 우리 마음이 눈에 보이지 않는 그분을 생각하게 하려는 것임을 알아야 한다. 또한 우리가 육체적 형태 아래서 그분의 영적 본질을 맛보는 것은 영적으로 그분을 찾게 하려는 것이다.
또한 이런 차이점이 있다. 마태와 마가는 천사 하나만 언급하는 반면, 요한과 누가는 둘을 말한다. 그러나 이 외관상의 모순도 쉽게 해소된다. 성경에는 부분이 전체를 대신하는 수사법이 자주 나타난다는 것을 우리는 알기 때문이다. 즉 두 천사가 먼저 마리아에게, 그다음에는 그 동행한 여인들에게 나타났다. 그러나 여인들의 주의가 주로 말씀하신 천사에게 집중되었기 때문에, 마태와 마가는 그 천사의 전언을 기록하는 것으로 만족하였다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-2-2(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
4절 카드 ↗
4. Through fear the guards trembled. The Lord struck the guards with terror, as if he had engraved their consciences with a hot iron, so as to constrain them reluctantly to feel his divine power. The terror had, at least, the effect of hindering them from treating with careless mockery the report of the resurrection which was to be spread abroad shortly afterwards. For though they were not ashamed of prostituting their tongues for him, still they were compelled, whether they would or not, to acknowledge inwardly what they wickedly denied before men. Nor can it be doubted that, when they were at liberty to talk freely among their acquaintances, they frankly admitted what they dare not openly avow, in consequence of having been gained over by money. We must attend to the distinction between the two kinds of terror, between which Matthew draws a comparison. The soldiers, who were accustomed to tumults, were terrified, and were so completely overwhelmed by alarm, that they fell down like men who were almost dead; but no power was exerted to raise them from that condition. A similar terror seized the women; but their minds, which had nearly given way, were restored by the consolation which immediately followed, so as to begin, at least, to entertain some better hope. And, certainly, it is proper that the majesty of God should strike both terror and fear indiscriminately into the godly, as well as the reprobate, that all flesh may be silent before his face. But when the Lord has humbled and subdued his elect, he immediately mitigates their dread, that they may not sink under its oppressive influence; and not only so, but by the sweetness of his grace heals the wound which he had inflicted. The reprobate, on the other hand, he either overwhelms by sudden dread, or suffers to languish in slow torments. As to the soldiers themselves, they were, no doubt, like dead men, but without any serious impression. Like men in a state of insensibility, they tremble, indeed, for a moment, but presently forget that they were afraid; not that the remembrance of their terror was wholly obliterated, but because that lively and powerful apprehension of the power of God, to which they were compelled to yield, soon passed away from them. But we ought chiefly to attend to this point, that though they, as well as the women, were afraid, no medicine was applied to soothe their terror; for to the women only did the angel say, Fear not. He held out to them a ground of joy and assurance in the resurrection of Christ. Luke adds a reproof, Why do you seek the living among the dead? as if the angel pulled their ear, that they might no longer remain in sluggishness and despair. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
경비병들이 두려워 떨었다. 주님께서는 경비병들을 두려움으로 치셨는데, 마치 뜨거운 인두로 그들의 양심에 낙인을 찍듯이, 그들이 억지로나마 그분의 신적 능력을 느끼게 하셨다. 그 두려움은 적어도 그들이 곧 퍼지게 될 부활 소문을 경솔하게 조롱하지 못하도록 막는 효과는 있었다.
마태가 비교하고 있는 두 종류의 두려움의 차이에 주목해야 한다. 소란에 익숙한 군인들은 놀라 거의 죽은 사람처럼 쓰러졌으나, 그 상태에서 일으킴을 받지는 못하였다. 여인들에게도 비슷한 두려움이 엄습하였으나, 거의 쓰러질 뻔했던 그들의 마음은 곧 이어지는 위로로 회복되어 더 나은 소망을 품기 시작하였다. 반면 버림받은 자들에게는, 주님께서 갑작스러운 공포로 그들을 압도하시거나 느린 고통 가운데 시달리도록 내버려 두신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-4-4(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
7절 카드 ↗
7. And go quickly, and tell his disciples. Here God, by the angel, confers extraordinary honor on the women, by enjoining them to proclaim to the apostles themselves the chief point of our salvation. In Mark’s account of it, they are expressly enjoined to carry this message to Peter; not because he was at that time higher in rank than the others, but because his crime, which was so disgraceful, needed peculiar consolation to assure him that Christ had not cast him off, though he had basely and wickedly fallen. He had already entered into the sepulcher, and beheld the traces of the resurrection of Christ; but God denied him the honor, which he shortly afterwards conferred on the women, of hearing from the lips of the angel that Christ was risen. And, indeed, the great insensibility under which he still labored is evident from the fact that he again fled trembling to conceal himself, as if he had seen nothing, while Mary sat down to weep at the grave. It cannot be doubted, therefore, that she and her companions, in beholding the angel, obtained the reward of their patience. And, lo, He goeth before you into Galilee. When the angel sent the disciples into Galilee, he did so, I think, in order that Christ might make himself known to a great number of persons; for we know that he had lived a long time in Galilee. He intended also to give his followers greater liberty, that by the very circumstance of their retirement they might gradually acquire courage. Besides, by being accustomed to the places, they were aided in recognizing their Master with greater certainty; for it was proper to adopt every method of confirming them, that nothing might be wanting to complete the certainty of their faith. Lo, I have told you. By this manner of speaking the angel earnestly assures them that what is said is true. He states this, not as from himself, as if he had been the first to suggest it, but gives his signature to the promise of Christ; and, therefore, in Mark’s account of it, he merely recalls to their remembrance the very words of Christ. Luke carries out the address still farther, by saying that the disciples were informed by Christ that he must be crucified, and rise again on the third day. But the meaning is the same; for along with his resurrection he had foretold his death. He then adds, — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-8" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
빨리 가서 그의 제자들에게 알려라. 하나님께서는 천사를 통해 여인들에게 특별한 영예를 부여하시어, 우리 구원의 핵심을 사도들 자신에게 선포하도록 명하셨다. 마가의 기록에서는 이 소식을 특별히 베드로에게 전하라고 명시적으로 지시받는다. 이는 베드로가 당시 다른 이들보다 지위가 높아서가 아니라, 그의 극히 치욕스러운 범죄가 특별한 위로를 필요로 했기 때문이다. 비록 그가 비겁하고 악하게 넘어졌을지라도 그리스도께서 그를 버리지 않으셨음을 확신시켜 주어야 했던 것이다.
베드로는 이미 무덤 안에 들어가 그리스도 부활의 흔적들을 보았으나, 하나님께서는 그에게 천사의 입으로부터 그리스도께서 부활하셨다는 말씀을 직접 듣는 영예를 허락하지 않으셨고, 그 영예는 곧 여인들에게 주어졌다. "보라, 그가 너희보다 먼저 갈릴리로 가신다." 천사가 제자들을 갈릴리로 보낸 것은, 내 생각에, 그리스도께서 많은 사람들에게 자신을 나타내시기 위함이었다. 우리가 알듯이 그분은 갈릴리에서 오랜 시간을 지내셨다. 또한 그것은 제자들에게 더 큰 자유를 주시기 위한 것이기도 하였는데, 그 은밀한 곳에서의 머뭄 자체가 점차 그들에게 담대함을 갖게 하려 함이었다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-7-7(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
8절 카드 ↗
Matthew 28:8 . And they departed quickly. The three Evangelists pass by what John relates about Mary Magdalene, ( John 20:2 ,) that she returned into the city before she had seen the angels, and complained with tears that the body of Christ had been taken away. Here they mention only the second return to the city, when she, and other women who accompanied her, told the disciples that Christ was risen; which they had learned both from the words and testimony of the angel, and from seeing Christ himself. Now before Christ showed himself, they already ran to the disciples, as they had been commanded by the angel. On the road they received a second confirmation, that they might with greater certainty assert the resurrection of the Lord. With fear and great joy. By these words Matthew means that they were indeed gladdened by what the angel told them, but, at the same the were struck with fear, so that they were held in suspense between joy and perplexity. For there are sometimes opposite feelings in the hearts of the godly, which move them alternately in opposite directions, until at length the peace of the Spirit brings them into a settled condition. For if their faith had been strong, it would have given them entire composure by subduing fear; but now fear, mingled with joy, shows that they had not yet fully relied on the testimony of the angel. And here Christ exhibited a remarkable instance of compassion, in meeting them while they thus doubted and trembled, so as to remove all remaining doubt. Yet there is some diversity in the words of Mark, that they fled, seized with trembling and amazement, so that through fear they were dismayed. But the solution is not very difficult; for though they were resolved to obey the angel, still they had not power to do so, (307) if the Lord himself had not loosed their tongues. But in what follows there is greater appearance of contradiction; for Mark does not say that Christ met them, but only that he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, while Luke says nothing whatever of this appearance. But this omission ought not to appear strange to us, since it is far from being unusual with the Evangelists. As to the difference between the words of Matthew and of Mark, it is possible that Magdalene may have been a partaker of so great a favor before the other women, or even that Matthew, by synecdoche, may have extended to all what was peculiar to one of their number. It is more probable, however, that Mark names her alone, because she first obtained a sight of Christ, and in a peculiar manner, in preference to the others, and yet that her companions also saw Christ in their order, and that on this account Matthew attributes it to all them in common. This was an astonishing instance of goodness , that Christ manifested his heavenly glory to a wretched woman, who had been possessed by seven devils , ( Luke 8:2 ,) and, intending to display the light of a new and eternal life, began where there was nothing in the eyes of man but what was base and contemptible. But by this example Christ showed how generously he is wont to continue the progress of his grace, when he has once displayed it towards us; and, at the same time, he threw down the pride of the flesh. (307) “ Toutesfois le moyen leur defailloit, et elles n’eussent sceu le faire ;” — “yet they wanted the means, and would not have known how to do it.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그들은 빨리 떠났다. 세 복음서 기자들은 요한이 전하는 내용, 즉 막달라 마리아가 천사들을 만나기 전에 도성으로 돌아가 그리스도의 몸이 가져가졌다고 눈물로 호소하였다는 내용을 건너뛴다. 여기서 그들은 오직 두 번째 도성 귀환만을 언급하는데, 이때 마리아와 그 동행한 여인들이 제자들에게 그리스도께서 부활하셨음을 알린 것이다. 그 사실은 천사의 말과 증언으로, 그리고 그리스도 자신을 직접 봄으로써 알게 되었다.
이제 그리스도께서 자신을 나타내 보이시기 전에, 그들은 이미 천사의 명령대로 제자들에게 달려가고 있었다. 가는 도중에 그들은 두 번째 확인을 받았고, 이로써 주님의 부활을 더욱 확실하게 증언할 수 있게 되었다. 두려움과 큰 기쁨으로. 마태는 이 말로써 그들이 천사가 알려 준 소식에 기뻐하였으나 동시에 두려움에 사로잡혀, 기쁨과 당혹감 사이에서 흔들리고 있었음을 뜻한다. 경건한 자들의 마음속에는 때로 상반된 감정이 있어 서로 다른 방향으로 번갈아 이끌리다가, 마침내 성령의 평안이 그들을 안정된 상태로 이끈다. 만약 그들의 믿음이 강하였다면 두려움을 제압함으로써 완전한 평정을 주었을 것이다. 그러나 기쁨에 뒤섞인 두려움은 그들이 아직 천사의 증언에 온전히 의지하지 못하고 있었음을 보여 준다. 여기서 그리스도께서는 놀라운 자비를 나타내셨으니, 이처럼 의심하며 떨고 있는 그들을 만나 주심으로써 남은 의심을 모두 제거해 주셨다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-8-8(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
9절 카드 ↗
9. And held his feet. This appears not to agree with the words of John, ( John 20:17 ,) where he declares that Mary was forbidden to touch Christ. But it is easy to reconcile them. The Lord, perceiving that Mary was too eager to embrace and kiss his fleet, orders her to retire; because it was proper to correct the superstition, and to point out the design of his resurrection, which Mary was withheld from perceiving, partly by an earthly and carnal affection, and partly by foolish zeal. Yet at first the Lord permitted her to touch his feet, that nothing might be wanting to give her a full conviction; and, therefore, Matthew immediately adds, that they worshipped the Lord, which was a proof that they fully recognized him. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그들이 그의 발을 붙잡았다. 이것은 요한의 기록과 상충되는 것처럼 보이는데, 요한은 마리아가 그리스도를 만지는 것을 금지받았다고 전하기 때문이다. 그러나 이 둘은 쉽게 조화될 수 있다. 주님께서는 마리아가 지나치게 그분의 발을 껴안고 입 맞추려 한다는 것을 아시고 물러서게 하셨다. 그것은 그 미신적 행동을 바로잡고, 마리아가 세상적이고 육적인 애정과 어리석은 열심으로 인해 깨닫지 못하고 있던 그분의 부활의 의미를 가리켜 주시기 위함이었다. 그러나 처음에는 주님께서 그녀가 자신의 발을 만지도록 허락하셨으니, 이는 그녀에게 충분한 확신을 주기 위한 것이었다. 그래서 마태는 곧이어 그들이 주님께 경배하였다고 덧붙이는데, 이것은 그들이 그분을 완전히 알아보았다는 증거이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-9-9(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
10절 카드 ↗
10. Then Jesus saith to them. We conclude, that it was an improper fear, from which Christ again delivers them; for though it arose out of admiration, still it was opposed to the tranquillity of faith. That they may raise themselves to Christ, the Conqueror of death, they are commanded to be cheerful. (308) But by those words we are taught that we never know aright our Lord’s resurrection, until, through the firm assurance which we have conceived in our hearts, we venture to rejoice that we have been made partakers of the same life. Our faith ought, at least, to proceed so far that fear shall not predominate. Go, tell my brethren. When Christ ordered them to tell this to the disciples, by this message he again collected and raised up the Church, which was scattered and fallen down. For as it is chiefly by the faith of the resurrection that we are now quickened, so at that time it was proper that the disciples should have that life restored to them from which they had fallen. Here, to it is proper to remark the astonishing kindness of Christ, in deigning to bestow the name of brethren on deserters who had basely forsaken him. Nor can it be doubted that he intentionally employed so kind an appellation, for the purpose of soothing the grief by which he knew that they were grievously tormented. But as the Apostles were not the only persons who were acknowledged by him as brethren, let us know that this message was conveyed by the recommend of Christ, in order that it might afterwards come to us. And, therefore, we ought not to listen with indifference to the narrative of the resurrection, when Christ, with his own mouth, kindly invites us to receive the fruit of it on the ground of our being related to him as brethren. As to the interpretation which some have given to the word brethren, as denoting the cousins and other relatives of Christ, (309) their mistake is abundantly refuted by the context; for John expressly says that Mary came and told the disciples, ( John 20:18 ;) and Luke immediately adds, that the women told these things to the apostles. Mark also agrees with them; for he says that Mary came and told it to the apostles, while they were mourning and weeping. (308) “ De se resjouir, et ouster toute tristesse ;” — “to be glad, and to lay aside all sadness.” (309) “ Les cousins et autres parens de Christ .” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그때 예수께서 그들에게 말씀하셨다. 우리는 이것이 부적절한 두려움이었음을 알 수 있고, 그리스도께서 다시 그들을 거기서 건져 주신다. 비록 그 두려움이 경이로움에서 비롯된 것이었지만, 그것은 믿음의 평안과 대립되는 것이었다. 죽음의 정복자이신 그리스도께 마음을 들어 올리게 하려고, 그들은 기쁨을 가지라는 명을 받는다. 이 말씀을 통해 우리는, 주님의 부활을 올바르게 아는 것은, 우리가 마음에 굳은 확신을 가지고 같은 생명에 참여하게 된 것을 기뻐할 수 있을 때까지는 결코 완전하지 않다는 것을 배운다. 우리의 믿음은 적어도 두려움이 지배하지 못하는 수준에까지 이르러야 한다.
가서 내 형제들에게 알려라. 그리스도께서 그들에게 이 소식을 제자들에게 전하라고 명하셨을 때, 그 사명으로써 흩어져 쓰러진 교회를 다시 모으시고 세우셨다. 지금도 우리가 주로 부활 신앙으로 살아나는 것처럼, 그때도 제자들은 그들이 잃었던 그 생명을 되찾아야 하였다. 여기서도 그리스도의 놀라운 인자하심을 주목해야 하니, 그분은 비겁하게 자신을 버린 도망자들에게 형제라는 이름을 내려 주시기를 기쁘게 여기셨다. 또한 그분이 그토록 다정한 호칭을 의도적으로 사용하신 것은, 그들이 심하게 괴로워하고 있다는 것을 아시고 그 슬픔을 달래 주시기 위함이었음에 틀림없다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-10-10(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
11절 카드 ↗
Matthew 28:11 . And while they were departing. It is not only credible, but the fact is manifest, that the soldiers, to whom had been entrusted the charge of the sepulcher, were corrupted by a bribe, so that they were prepared to tell a lie at the bidding of the priests. They knew well that there was nothing which the priests dreaded more than that a report should gain credit that Christ rose on the third day after his death; and they knew that they had been sent there, that, by guarding the body, they might suppress that report. Those men, therefore, being addicted to making gain, and seizing on opportunities of making it from every quarter, after having found that their diligence was of no service to them, contrive a new method of cheating their employers out of their money. The words of Matthew — some of them came — leave it uncertain if a few cunning men adopted this resolution without communicating with the rest, or if they were sent, by a general agreement, in the name of all. The latter supposition appears to be more probable; for Matthew afterwards says that money was given, not to one or two, but generally to the soldiers, to induce them to commit perjury. It is at all events certain that, whether they all plotted together, or only a part of them, they sought to make profit of the cruel and implacable hatred which the priests bore towards Christ; and that, looking upon them as convicted of a crime. they abused their evil conscience to extort money from them. For, as usually happens with all wicked men, the priests, conscious of having done wrong, in order to cover their disgrace, were compelled to bribe the soldiers by a large reward. Thus it is evident that the reprobate, after having once given themselves up to a course of sinning, are continually entangled in new crimes; and this arises out of their desire to conceal their shame before men, while they give themselves no concern about the offense committed against God. Those wretched men not only bribe the soldiers by a large sum of money, but expose their own reputation and life to serious danger, should cognizance be taken of the crime. And what constrains them, in addition to the expense which they have laid out, to incur so serious a risk, but because inveterate rage does not permit them to withdraw until they have added sin to sin? return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-15" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그들이 떠나는 동안. 무덤 경비를 맡았던 군인들이 뇌물로 매수되어 제사장들의 지시에 따라 거짓말을 할 준비를 하였다는 것은 사실로 분명히 드러난 일이다. 그들은 제사장들이 그리스도께서 죽으신 지 사흘 만에 부활하셨다는 소문이 퍼지는 것을 얼마나 두려워하는지 잘 알고 있었다. 또한 시신을 지킴으로써 그 소문을 막기 위해 자신들이 파견되었다는 것도 알고 있었다. 따라서 이익에 눈이 먼 이 자들은, 어느 방향에서든 이득을 취할 기회를 포착하는 데 익숙하였으므로, 자신들의 수고가 아무 소용이 없게 된 것을 알고는 고용주들에게서 돈을 뜯어낼 새로운 방법을 꾸몄다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-11-11(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
15절 카드 ↗
15. And this statement is currently reported. It was the finishing stroke of the vengeance of God to blind the Jews, that the resurrection of Christ was buried by the perjury of the soldiers, and that so gross a falsehood was believed. And hence it is evident that those who did not believe that Christ was risen were deceived by a voluntary error, as the world voluntarily gives itself up to be deceived by the snares of Satan. For if a man had but opened his eyes, it was unnecessary that he should make a long inquiry. Armed soldiers say that the body of Christ was stolen from them by a feeble, timid, small, and unarmed body of men. What plausible grounds have they for saying so? They add that this was done while they were asleep. How then do they come to know that it was stolen? And if they had any suspicion of the disciples, why did they not track their footsteps? Why did they not, at least, make a noise? It was therefore a childish subterfuge, which would not have screened them from punishment, if they had had to deal with an honest and upright governor; but through the connivance of Pilate, that enormous wickedness was allowed to pass unnoticed, In like manner, we see it happen every day, that irreligious judges give themselves little trouble, when truth is oppressed by fraud and malice; but, on the contrary, if they are not afraid of suffering damage, they appear to enter into collusion with base and infamous men. Though it may appear strange that God should permit this false report to gain currency to extinguish the glory of his Son, we ought to render the honor which is due to his just vengeance. For we perceive that this nation deserved to have its light taken away by clouds, because it so eagerly seizes hold on an idle and childish falsehood; next, because almost all have struck on the stone of stumbling, it was proper that their eyes should be darkened, that they might not see that the cup of giddiness was presented to them; and, in short, that they were abandoned to every kind of madness, as Isaiah had foretold, ( Isaiah 6:9 .) For God would never have permitted them to be deceived by such a foolish credulity, but in order that those who had despised the Redeemer might be shut out from the hope of salvation; as he now inflicts a similar punishment on the ingratitude of the world, by giving loose reins to the reprobate, that they may go from bad to worse. But though this falsehood obtained currency among the Jews, this did not prevent the truth of the Gospel from flying at liberty to the very ends of the earth, as it always rises victorious over all the obstacles in the world. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-16" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
이 말이 오늘날까지 유대인들 가운데 퍼져 있다. 하나님의 진노의 마지막 일격은 유대인들을 눈멀게 하는 것이었으니, 그리스도의 부활이 군인들의 위증으로 묻혀 버리고 그토록 터무니없는 거짓말이 믿어지고 말았다. 이로써 그리스도의 부활을 믿지 않은 자들이 자발적인 오류에 속았음이 분명해진다. 세상이 자진하여 사탄의 덫에 걸려 속임을 당하는 것과 마찬가지이다. 조금만 눈을 떴더라면 긴 조사가 필요하지도 않았을 것이다. 무장한 군인들이, 보잘것없고 겁많고 수도 적은 비무장 사람들에게 그리스도의 시신을 빼앗겼다고 말한다. 무슨 그럴 듯한 근거가 있는가? 게다가 자신들이 잠든 사이에 그 일이 일어났다고 덧붙인다. 그렇다면 도난당한 것을 어떻게 안다는 말인가? 하나님께서 아들의 영광을 짓밟는 이 거짓 소문이 퍼지도록 허용하신 것이 이상하게 보일 수 있으나, 우리는 그분의 공의로운 심판에 마땅한 경의를 드려야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-15-15(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
16절 카드 ↗
Matthew 28:16 . And the eleven disciples went into Galilee. Matthew, passing by those occurrences which we have taken out of the other three Evangelists, mentions only in what place the eleven disciples were appointed to the apostolic office. For—as we have already had frequent opportunities of perceiving—it was not the intention of the Evangelists to embrace every part of the history; because the Holy Spirit, who guided their pen, has thought fit to compose such a summary as we see out of their united testimonies. Matthew has therefore selected what was of the greatest importance to us, namely, that when Christ appeared to the disciples, he likewise commissioned them to be apostles, to convey into every part of the world the message of eternal life. To the mountain where Jesus had appointed them. Though the mountain is not mentioned any where else, yet we con-elude that this spot in Galilee was known to Mary. (323) (323) “ Que Christ enseigna nommément ce lieu-là a Marie ;” — “that Christ expressly informed Mary respecting that place.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-17" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
열한 제자가 갈릴리로 갔다. 마태는 다른 세 복음서 기자들에게서 가져온 내용들을 건너뛰고, 오직 열한 제자들이 사도적 직무에 임명받은 장소만을 언급한다. 복음서 기자들이 역사의 모든 부분을 다 담으려 한 것은 아니었기 때문이다. 그들의 붓을 인도하신 성령께서는 그들의 연합된 증언들로부터 우리가 보는 바와 같은 요약을 만들어 내는 것이 적합하다고 여기셨다. 마태는 따라서 우리에게 가장 중요한 것, 즉 그리스도께서 제자들에게 나타나심과 동시에 영원한 생명의 메시지를 온 세상에 전하는 사도들로 파송하셨다는 사실을 선택한 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-16-16(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
17절 카드 ↗
17. But some doubted. It is wonderful that, after they had twice seen Christ, still some doubted. If any one choose to view this as referring to the first appearance, there will be no absurdity in that opinion; for the Evangelists are sometimes in the habit of blending a variety of transactions. But neither would it have the appearance of absurdity to suppose that in some of them the remains of their former terror led them again into hesitation; for we know that, when Christ appeared, they were struck with fear and amazement, till they had recovered their minds and had become accustomed to his presence. The meaning, therefor appears to me to be, that some at first hesitated, until Christ made a nearer and more familiar approach to them; but that when they certainly and absolutely recognized him, then they worshipped, because the splendor of his divine glory was manifest. And perhaps it was the same reason that suddenly caused them to doubt, and afterwards led them to worship him; namely, that he had laid aside the form of a servant, and had nothing in his appearance but what was heavenly. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-18" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
어떤 이들은 의심하였다. 그리스도를 두 번이나 보고 나서도 어떤 이들이 아직 의심하였다는 것은 놀라운 일이다. 내가 보기에 그 의미는 이러하다. 어떤 이들은 처음에는 주저하였으나 그리스도께서 더 가까이, 더 친근하게 다가오시자 그리하지 않았고, 그분을 확실하고 분명히 알아보았을 때 경배하였다. 그분의 신적 영광의 광채가 분명히 드러났기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-17-17(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
18절 카드 ↗
18. And Jesus approached and spoke to them. His approach unquestionably removed all hesitation. Before relating that the office of teaching was committed to the disciples, Matthew says that Christ began by speaking of his power; and not without reason. For no ordinary authority would here have been enough, but sovereign and truly divine government ought to be possessed by him who commands them to promise eternal life in his ham to reduce the whole world under his sway, and to publish a doctrine which subdues all pride, and lays prostrate the whole of the human race. And by this preface Christ not only encouraged the Apostles to full confidence in the discharge of their office, but confirmed the faith of his gospel in all ages. Never, certainly, would the Apostles have had sufficient confidence to undertake so arduous an office, if they had not known that their Protector sitteth in heaven, and that the highest authority is given to him; for without such a support it would have been impossible for them to make any progress. But when they learn that he to whom they owe their services is the Governor of heaven and earth, this alone was abundantly sufficient for preparing them to rise superior to all opposition. As regards the hearers, if the contemptible appearance of those who preach the gospel weakens or retards their faith, let them learn to raise their eyes to the Master himself, by whose power the majesty of the Gospel ought to be estimated, and then they will not venture to despise him when speaking by his ministers. He expressly calls himself the Lord and King of heaven and earth, because, by constraining men to obey him in the preaching of the gospel, he establishes his throne on the earth; and, by regenerating his people to a new life, and inviting them to the hope of salvation, he opens heaven to admit to a blessed immortality with angels those who formerly had not only crawled on the world, but had been plunged in the abyss of death. Yet let us remember that what Christ possessed in his own right was given to him by the Father in our flesh, or—to express it more clearly—in the person of the Mediator; for he does not lay claim to the eternal power with which he was endued before the creation of the world, but to that which he has now received, by being appointed to be Judge of the world. Nay, more, it ought to be remarked, that this authority was not fully known until he rose from the dead; for then only did he come forth adorned with the emblems of supreme King. To this also relate those words of Paul: he emptied himself, ( ἑαυτὸν ἐκένωσε ,) therefore God hath exalted him, and given to him a name which is above every other name, ( Philippians 2:7 .) And though, in other passage the sitting at the right hand of God is placed after the ascension to heaven, as later in the order of time; yet as the resurrection and the ascension to heaven are closely connected with each other, with good reason does Christ now speak of his power in such magnificent terms. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 나아와 말씀하셨다. 그분이 나아오심으로 모든 망설임이 의심할 여지없이 사라졌다. 마태는 제자들에게 가르치는 직무가 위임되기 전에, 그리스도께서 먼저 자신의 권능에 대해 말씀하셨다고 전한다. 이것은 이유가 없지 않다. 그들에게 주님의 이름으로 영원한 생명을 약속하고, 온 세상을 그분의 권세 아래 복종시키며, 모든 교만을 꺾고 온 인류를 굴복시키는 교리를 선포하라고 명하시는 분이라면, 보통의 권위로는 결코 충분하지 않고 최고의 참으로 신적인 통치권을 가지셔야 하기 때문이다.
이 서문으로써 그리스도께서는 사도들이 자신의 직무를 수행하는 데 완전한 확신을 갖게 하셨을 뿐만 아니라, 모든 시대에 걸쳐 자신의 복음에 대한 믿음을 확고히 하셨다. 그분은 명시적으로 자신을 하늘과 땅의 주와 왕이라 칭하시는데, 이는 복음 선포를 통해 사람들이 그분께 순종하게 하심으로써 땅 위에 그분의 보좌를 세우시기 때문이다. 또한 그분은 백성들을 새 생명으로 거듭나게 하시고 구원의 소망으로 이끄심으로써, 전에는 세상에서 기어다닐 뿐만 아니라 사망의 나락에 빠져 있던 자들을 천국에 들어가 천사들과 함께 복된 불멸의 삶을 누리게 하신다. 그러나 우리는 그리스도께서 자신의 권리로 소유하신 것이 우리의 육신 안에서, 혹은 더 분명히 말하자면, 중보자의 인격 안에서 아버지로부터 주어진 것임을 기억해야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-18-18(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
19절 카드 ↗
19. Go out, therefore, and teach all nations. Though Mark, after having related that Christ appeared to the eleven disciples, immediately subjoins the command to preach the gospel, he does not speak of these as an unbroken series of events, for we learn from the enumeration of them which is given by Matthew, that the latter event did not take place before they had gone into Galilee. The meaning amounts to this, that by proclaiming the gospel everywhere, they should bring all nations to the obedience of the faith, and next, that they should seal and ratify their doctrine by the sign of the gospel. In Matthew, they are first taught simply to teach; but Mark expresses the kind of doctrine, that they should preach the gospel; and shortly afterwards Matthew himself adds this limitation, to teach them to observe all things whatsoever the Lord hath commanded. Let us learn from this passage, that the apostleship is not an empty title, but a laborious office; and that, consequently, nothing is more absurd or intolerable than that this honor should be claimed by hypocrites, who live like kings at their ease, and disdainfully throw away from themselves the office of teaching. The Pope of Rome and his band proudly boast of their succession, as if they held this rank in common with Peter and his companions; and yet they pay no more regard to doctrine than was paid by the Luperci, or the priests of Bacchus and Venus. (324) And with what face, pray, do they claim to be the successors of those who, they are told, were appointed to be preachers of the gospel? But though they are not ashamed to display their impudence, still with every reader of sound judgment this single word is sufficient to lay prostrate their silly hierarchy—that no man can be a successor of the apostles who does not devote his services to Christ in the preaching of the gospel. In short, whoever does not fulfill the duties of a teacher acts wickedly and falsely by assuming the name of an apostle; and what is more—the priesthood of the New Testament consists in slaying men, as a sacrifice to God, by the spiritual sword of the word. Hence it follows, that all are but pretended and spurious priests who are not devoted to the office of teaching. Teach all nations. Here Christ, by removing the distinction, makes the Gentiles equal to the Jews, and admits both, indiscriminately to a participation in the covenant. Such is also the import of the term: go out; for the prophets under the law had limits assigned to them, but now, the wall of partition having been broken down, ( Ephesians 2:14 ,) the Lord commands the ministers of the gospel to go to a distance, in order to spread the doctrine of salvation in every part of the world. For though, as we have lately suggested, the right of the first-born at the very commencement of the gospel, remained among the Jews, still the inheritance of life was common to the Gentiles. Thus was fulfilled that prediction of Isaiah, ( Isaiah 49:6 ,) and others of a similar nature, that Christ was given for a light of the Gentiles, that he might be the salvation of God to the end of the earth. Mark means the same thing by every creature; for when peace has been proclaimed to those that are within the Church, the same message reaches those who are at a distance, and were strangers, ( Ephesians 2:17 .) How necessary it was that the apostles should be distinctly informed of the calling of the Gentiles, is evident from this consideration, that even after having received the command, they felt the greatest horror at approaching them, as if by doing so they polluted themselves and their doctrine. Baptizing them. Christ enjoins that those who have submitted to the gospel, and professed to be his disciples, shall be baptized; partly that their baptism may be a pledge of eternal life before God:, and partly that it may be an outward sign of faith before men. For we know that God testifies to us the grace of adoption by this sign, because he engrafts us into the body of his Son, so as to reckon us among his flock; and, therefore, not only our spiritual washing, by which he reconciles us to himself, but likewise our new righteousness, are represented by it. But as God, by this seal confirms to us his grace, so all who present themselves for baptism do, as it were, by their own signature, ratify their faith. Now since this charge is expressly given to the apostles along with the preaching of the word, it follows that none can lawfully administer baptism but those who are also the ministers of doctrine. When private persons, and even women, are permitted to baptize, nothing can be more at variance with the ordinance of Christ, nor is it any thing else than a mere profanation. Besides, as doctrine is placed first in order, this points out to us the true distinction between this mystery and the bastard rites of the Gentiles, by which they are initiated into their sacred mysteries; for the earthly element does not become a sacrament until God quickens it by his word. As superstition improperly counterfeits all the works of God, foolish men forge various sacraments at their pleasure; but as the word, which is the soul, is not in them, they are idle and unmeaning shadows. Let us therefore hold that the power of the doctrine causes the signs to assume a new nature; as the outward working of the flesh begins to be the spiritual pledge of regeneration, when it is preceded by the doctrine of the gospel; and this is the true consecration instead of which, Popery has introduced to us the enchantments of sorcery. Accordingly, it is said in Mark, He that shall believe and be baptized shall be saved. By these words Christ not only excludes from the hope of salvation hypocrites who, though destitute of faith, are puffed up only by the outward sign; but by a sacred bond he connects baptism with doctrine, so that the latter is nothing more than an appendage of the former. But as Christ enjoins them to teach before baptizing, and desires that
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그러므로 너희는 가서 모든 민족을 가르쳐라. 그 의미를 요약하면 이러하다. 그들은 복음을 모든 곳에 선포함으로써 모든 민족을 믿음의 순종으로 이끌어야 하며, 다음으로 복음의 표징으로 자신들의 교리를 인치고 확증해야 한다. 이 본문에서 우리는 사도직이 빈 칭호가 아니라 수고로운 직무임을 배운다. 따라서 왕처럼 편안하게 살면서 가르치는 직무를 오만하게 내던지는 위선자들이 이 영예를 주장하는 것보다 더 불합리하고 참을 수 없는 일은 없다.
모든 민족을 가르쳐라. 여기서 그리스도께서는 구별을 제거하심으로써 이방인을 유대인과 동등하게 하시고, 양쪽 모두를 언약의 참여자로 차별 없이 받아들이신다. 가라는 말도 같은 의미를 지닌다. 율법 아래의 선지자들에게는 경계가 정해져 있었으나, 이제 막힌 담이 무너지고 주님께서는 복음의 사역자들에게 멀리 나아가 구원의 교리를 세상 모든 곳에 전파하라고 명하신다.
세례를 베풀어라. 그리스도께서는 복음에 복종하여 제자가 되기로 고백한 자들에게 세례를 베풀라고 명하신다. 그 세례는 한편으로 하나님 앞에서 영원한 생명의 보증이 되고, 다른 한편으로 사람들 앞에서 믿음의 외적 표징이 된다. 우리가 알듯이 하나님께서는 이 표징으로 우리에게 양자 됨의 은혜를 증거하시는데, 이는 우리를 아들의 몸에 접붙이사 자신의 양 떼 중에 헤아리시기 위함이다. 그러므로 세례는 우리의 영적 씻음—하나님께서 우리를 자신과 화해시키시는 것—뿐만 아니라 우리의 새로운 의도 표상한다. 하나님께서 이 인침으로 자신의 은혜를 우리에게 확증하시는 것과 마찬가지로, 세례를 받으러 나아오는 모든 이들은 말하자면 자신의 서명으로 그 믿음을 확인하는 것이다.
이 위임이 말씀 선포와 함께 사도들에게 명시적으로 주어졌으므로, 교리의 사역자가 아닌 자가 세례를 합법적으로 베풀 수 없다는 결론이 따른다. 따라서 우리는 교리의 능력이 표징들로 하여금 새로운 성격을 갖게 한다는 것을 굳게 붙들어야 한다. 육체적인 외적 행위가 복음의 교리에 앞서게 될 때, 그것은 거듭남의 영적 보증이 되기 시작한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-19-19(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
20절 카드 ↗
Matthew 28:20 . Teaching them to observe all things. By these words, as I have formerly suggested, Christ shows that, in sending the apostles, he does not entirely resign his office, as if he ceased to be the Teacher of his Church; for he sends away the apostles with this reservation, that they shall not bring forward their own inventions, but shall purely and faithfully deliver from hand to hand (as we say) what he has entrusted to them. Would to God that the Pope would subject to this rule the power which he claims for himself; for we would easily permit him to be the successor of Peter or of Paul, provided that he did not usurp a tyrannical dominion over our souls. But as he has set aside the authority of Christ, and infects the Church with his childish fooleries, this shows plainly enough how widely he has departed from the apostolic office. In short, let us hold that by these words teachers are appointed over the Church, not to put forward whatever they may think proper, but that they, as well as others, may depend on the mouth of the Master alone, so as to gain disciples for him, and not for themselves. And, lo, I am with you always. As Christ gave to the apostles a commission which they were unable to discharge by reliance on merely human power, he encourages them by the assurance of his heavenly protection. For before promising that he would be with them, he began with declaring that he is the, King of heaven and earth, who governs all things by his power and authority. The pronoun I must be viewed as emphatic; as if he had said that the apostles, if they wished zealously to perform their duty, must not consider what they are able to do, but must rely on the invincible power of those under whose banner they fight. The nature of that presence which the Lord promises to his followers ought to be understood spiritually; for it is not necessary that he should descend from heaven in order to assist us, since he can assist us by the grace of his Spirit, as if he stretched out his hand from heaven. For he who, in respect of his body, is at a great distance from us, not only diffuses the efficacy of his Spirit through the whole world, but even actually dwells in us. Even to the end of the world. It ought likewise to be remarked, that this was not spoken to the apostles alone; for the Lord promises his assistance not for a single age only, but even to the end of the world. It is as if he had said, that though the ministers of the gospel be weak and suffer the want of all things: he will be their guardian, so that they will rise victorious over all the opposition of the world. In like manner, experience clearly shows in the present day, that the operations of Christ are carried on wonderfully in a secret manner, so that the gospel surmounts innumerable obstacles. So much the more intolerable is the wickedness of the Popish clergy, when they take this as a pretext for their sacrilege and tyranny. They affirm that the Church cannot err, because it is governed by Christ; as if Christ, like some private soldier, hired himself for wages to other captains, and as if he had not, on the contrary, reserved the entire authority for himself, and declared that he would defend his doctrine, so that his ministers may confidently expect to be victorious over the whole world. return to ' Top of Page ' Matthew Mat 27 Matthew Mat Mark Mrk 1 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Matthew 28". "Calvin's Commentary on the Bible". https://www.studylight.org/ commentaries/ eng/ cal/ matthew-28.html. 1840-57. terms of use • privacy policy • • rights and permissions • contact sl • about sl • link to sl To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient contact form StudyLight.org © 2001-2026 Powered by Light speed Technology Ads Free Profile .sub-menu{font-size:12px;padding:10px 0;max-width:1260px;width:100%;background-color:#f7f7f7;color:#6b6b6b;border-bottom:5px solid #6b6b6b;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:absolute;z-index:9998} .sub-menu .menu-group{width:100%;margin:0 5px 0;padding:0 5px 0;border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer{display:none} .sub-menu .menu-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-name a{color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-ul li a{color:#6b6b6b;} .sub-menu .menu-ul li:hover{color:#DD8000} .search-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;-webkit-appearance:square-button;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px} .int-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .int-search-div .int-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:0 5px 0;margin-right:5px;width:30%;height:30px;flex:1 1 100%} .int-search-div .int-s-button{width:50px;margin-right:10px;height:30px;flex:0 0 50px} .int-selections-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px} .int-selections-div .int-s-section{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;width:70px;height:30px;flex:1 1 50%} .int-selections-div .int-s-translation{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px;width:40%;height:30px;flex:1 1 40%} .lex-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;width:95%;height:30px;font-size:13px;padding:5px;margin-right:5px} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;height:30px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px;width:100px} .lex-search-languages{width:95%;font-size:11px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:5px} .ill-quo-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;margin-top:10px} .ill-quo-s-query{font-size:15px;color:#6b6b6b;padding:0 10px 0;border:1px solid #dadada;height:30px;width:10
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-28-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
내가 너희에게 명한 모든 것을 지키도록 가르쳐라. 이 말씀으로써, 내가 앞서 시사한 바와 같이, 그리스도께서는 사도들을 보내심으로써 자신의 직무를 완전히 포기하신 것이 아님을, 즉 그분이 교회의 교사이기를 그치신 것이 아님을 보여 주신다. 그분은 그들을 보내시되, 그들 자신의 고안을 내놓는 것이 아니라 그분이 맡기신 것을 손에서 손으로 순수하게 그리고 성실하게 전달할 것을 조건으로 하신다. 요약하면, 이 말씀이 교회 위에 세워진 교사들을 가리킨다는 것을 굳게 붙들자. 그들은 자신들이 적합하다고 생각하는 것을 마음대로 내놓는 것이 아니라, 다른 모든 사람들과 마찬가지로 오직 스승의 입에만 의존하여 스승을 위해 제자들을 얻어야 하며, 자신들을 위해서가 아닌 것이다.
보라, 내가 세상 끝날까지 너희와 항상 함께 있겠다. 그리스도께서 사도들에게 단순한 인간적 능력으로는 감당할 수 없는 사명을 주셨으므로, 그분은 하늘의 보호를 약속하심으로써 그들을 격려하신다. 그분은 자신이 그들과 함께 있을 것을 약속하시기 전에, 먼저 자신이 능력과 권위로 모든 것을 통치하시는 하늘과 땅의 왕이심을 선언하셨다. 주님께서 자신의 제자들에게 약속하시는 임재의 성격은 영적으로 이해되어야 한다. 우리를 도우시기 위해 그분이 하늘에서 내려오실 필요는 없으니, 마치 하늘에서 손을 뻗으시듯이 그분의 성령의 은혜로 우리를 도우실 수 있기 때문이다. 몸으로는 우리와 멀리 떨어져 계신 그분이, 자신의 성령의 효력을 온 세상에 두루 미치게 하실 뿐만 아니라 실제로 우리 안에 거하신다.
세상 끝날까지. 또한 이 말씀이 사도들에게만 하신 것이 아님을 주목해야 한다. 주님께서는 한 시대만을 위한 것이 아니라 세상 끝날까지 자신의 도움을 약속하신다. 이것은 마치 그분이 이렇게 말씀하신 것과 같다. 복음의 사역자들이 연약하고 모든 것이 부족하더라도, 그분이 그들의 보호자가 되실 것이므로 그들은 세상의 모든 대적을 이기고 승리할 것이라고.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-28-20-20(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역