1절 카드 ↗
The reason why the Evangelists relate this occurrence is, to inform us that the name of Christ was universally celebrated, and, therefore, the Jews could not be excused on the plea of ignorance. Many might otherwise have been perplexed by this question, “How came it that, while Christ dwelt on the earth, Judea remained in a profound sleep, as if he had withdrawn into some corner, and had displayed to none his divine power?” The Evangelists accordingly state, that the report concerning him was everywhere spread abroad, and penetrated even into the court of Herod. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
복음서 기자들이 이 사건을 기록하는 이유는, 그리스도의 이름이 널리 알려졌으며 따라서 유대인들이 무지를 변명으로 삼을 수 없음을 알리기 위함이다. 그렇지 않으면 많은 이들이 이런 의문을 품을 수 있었다. "그리스도께서 땅 위에 거하시는 동안, 어떻게 유다는 마치 그분이 어느 구석으로 물러나 아무에게도 신성한 능력을 드러내지 않으신 것처럼 깊은 잠에 빠져 있을 수 있었는가?" 복음서 기자들은 그분에 관한 보고가 사방에 퍼졌고 헤롯의 궁정까지 침투했음을 진술한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
2절 카드 ↗
2. And said to his servants. From the words of Luke it may be inferred, that Herod did not of his own accord adopt this conjecture, but that it was suggested to him by a report which was current among the people. And, indeed, I have no doubt that the hatred which they bore to the tyrant, and their detestation of so shocking a murder, gave rise, as is commonly the ease, to those rumors. It was a superstition deeply rooted, as we have formerly mentioned, in the minds of men, that the dead return to life in a different person. Nearly akin to this is the opinion which they now adopt, that Herod, when he cruelly put to death the holy man, was far from obtaining what he expected; because he had suddenly risen from the dead by the miraculous power of God, and would oppose and attack his enemies with greater severity than ever. Mark and Luke, however, show that men spoke variously on this subject: some thought that he was Elijah, and others that he was one of the prophets, or that he was so eminently endued with the gifts of the Spirit, that he might be compared to the prophets. The reason why they thought that he might be Elijah, rather than any other prophet, has been already stated. Malachi having predicted ( Malachi 4:5 ) that Elijah would come to gather the scattered Church, they misunderstood that prediction as relating to the person of Elijah, instead of being a simple comparison to the following effect: “That the coming of Messiah may not be unknown, and that the people may not remain ignorant of the grace of redemption, there will be an Elijah to go before, like him who of old raised up that which was fallen, and the worship of God which had been overthrown. He will go before, by a remarkable power of the Spirit, to proclaim the great and dreadful day of the Lord.” The Jews, with their usual grossness of interpretation, had applied this to Elijah the Tishbite, ( 1 Kings 17:1 ,) as if he were to appear again and discharge the office of a prophet. Others again conjecture, either that some one of the ancient prophets had risen, or that he was some great man, who approached to them in excellence. It was astonishing that, amidst the diversity of views which were suggested, the true interpretation did not occur to any one; more especially as the state of matters at that very time directed them to Christ. God had promised to them a Redeemer, who would relieve them when they were distressed and in despair. The extremity of affliction into which they had been plunged was a loud call for divine assistance. The Redeemer is at hand, who had been so clearly pointed out by the preaching of John, and who himself testifies respecting his office. They are compelled to acknowledge that some divine power belongs to him, and yet they fall into their own fancies, and change him into the persons of other men. It is thus that the world is wont, in base ingratitude, to obliterate the remembrance of the favors which God has bestowed. With respect to Herod himself, as I hinted, little ago, the conjecture that John had risen did not at first occur to himself; but as bad consciences are wont to tremble and hesitate, and turn with every wind, he readily believed what he dreaded. With such blind terrors God frequently alarms wicked men; so that, after all the pains they take to harden themselves, and to escape agitation, their internal executioner gives them no rest, but chastises them with severity. And therefore miracles work in him. We naturally wonder what reasoning could have led them to this conclusion. John had performed no miracle during the whole course of his preaching. There appears to be no probability, therefore, in the conjecture, that it was John whom they saw performing extraordinary miracles. But they imagine that miracles are now performed by him for the first time, in order to prove his resurrection, and to show that the holy prophet of God had been wickedly put to death by Herod, and now came forward with a visible and divine protection, that no man might afterwards venture to assail him. They think that miracles work ( ἐνεζγοῦσιν ) in him; that is, are powerfully displayed, so as to give him greater authority, and make it evident that the Lord is with him. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그의 신하들에게 이르되. 누가의 말씀에서 헤롯이 스스로 이 추측을 한 것이 아니라, 백성 사이에 퍼진 소문에 의해 제안된 것임을 알 수 있다. 실제로 나는 그 폭군에 대한 증오와 그처럼 충격적인 살인에 대한 혐오감이 그 소문의 원인이 되었다는 것을 의심하지 않는다. 죽은 자들이 다른 인격으로 다시 살아난다는 미신이 이미 언급한 바와 같이 사람들의 마음 깊이 뿌리박혀 있었다. 이것과 매우 유사한 것이 그들이 지금 채택하는 견해다. 헤롯이 그 거룩한 사람을 잔인하게 처형했을 때, 기대했던 것을 결코 얻지 못했다는 것이다. 왜냐하면 그가 하나님의 기적적인 능력으로 갑자기 죽은 자들로부터 살아났기 때문이다. 그리고 이전보다 더 큰 엄중함으로 그의 원수들을 대항하고 공격할 것이라는 것이다.
그러나 마가와 누가는 사람들이 이 주제에 관해 다양하게 말했음을 보여준다. 일부는 그가 엘리야이고, 다른 이들은 선지자들 중 하나이거나 선지자들과 비교될 수 있을 만큼 성령의 은사가 탁월하게 부여된 자라고 생각했다. 그들이 다른 선지자보다 엘리야일 수 있다고 생각한 이유는 이미 설명했다. 말라기가 교회의 흩어진 자들을 모으기 위해 엘리야가 올 것이라고 예언했는데, 그들은 그 예언을 인격 자체가 아닌 단순한 비교로 이해하지 않고 엘리야의 인격에 적용했다. 즉, "메시아의 오심이 알려지지 않지 않도록, 백성이 구속의 은혜를 알지 못하지 않도록, 무너진 것을 세우고 뒤집어진 하나님 예배를 옛적에 회복한 자와 같이, 능력 있는 성령의 능력으로 주의 크고 두려운 날을 선포하러 엘리야 같은 이가 앞서 갈 것이다"라고. 유대인들은 자신들의 통상적인 글자적 해석으로, 디스베 사람 엘리야가 다시 나타나 선지자의 직무를 수행할 것이라고 적용했다.
다른 이들은 고대 선지자들 중 한 명이 살아났거나, 탁월함에서 그들에 근접한 위대한 사람이라고 추측한다. 그처럼 다양한 견해들이 제시되는 중에 참된 해석이 아무에게도 떠오르지 않았다는 것은 놀라운 일이다. 특히 그 당시 사태가 그들을 그리스도에게로 향하게 했음에도. 하나님께서 그들이 괴롭고 절망스러울 때 그들을 건져내실 구원자를 약속하셨다. 그들이 빠져 있는 극심한 환난은 신성한 도움을 큰 소리로 요청하고 있었다. 구원자가 가까이 있는데, 그는 요한의 설교로 명확히 지목되었고 자신도 자신의 직무에 대해 증언하신 분이다. 그들은 어떤 신성한 능력이 그분께 속한다는 것을 인정하지 않을 수 없으면서도 자신들의 공상으로 빠져들어 그분을 다른 사람들의 모습으로 바꾼다.
헤롯 자신에 관해서는, 내가 조금 전에 암시한 것처럼, 요한이 살아났다는 추측이 처음에는 그에게서 나온 것이 아니었다. 그러나 나쁜 양심은 두려워하고 주저하며 모든 바람과 함께 변하기 마련이므로, 그는 두려워했던 것을 쉽게 믿었다. 하나님께서는 종종 이런 맹목적인 공포로 악인들을 놀라게 하신다. 그들이 굳어지려 하고 동요를 피하려 아무리 애를 써도, 내부의 집행자가 그들에게 안식을 주지 않고 가혹하게 형벌한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-2-2(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
3절 카드 ↗
This narrative is at present omitted by Luke, because he had explained it on a former occasion; and for my own part, as I am unwilling to annoy my readers by writing the same thing twice, I shall handle this passage with greater brevity (354) The Evangelists relate that John was seized, because he had openly condemned Herod for carrying off Herodias, and for his incestuous marriage with her. Josephus assigns a different reason, namely, that Herod, dreading on his own account a change of affairs, regarded John with suspicion, (Ant. 18. 5:2;) and it is possible that this may have been the pretext on which the tyrant excused his crime, or that such a report may have been in circulation; for it frequently happens that various motives are assigned for unjust violence and cruelty. The true state of the fact, however, is pointed out by the Evangelists: Herod was offended at the holy man, because he had been reproved by him. Josephus is mistaken in supposing that Herodias was carried off, not from his brother Philip, but from Herod, King of Chalcis, his uncle, (Ant. 18:5:4.) For not only was the crime still recent when the Evangelists wrote, but it was committed before the eyes of all. What is elsewhere stated by Josephus, (Ant. 18:4:6,) that Philip was a person of amiable dispositions, emboldened Herod, I have no doubt, to expect that an outrage committed on a mild, gentle, and peaceable man, would pass with impunity. Another probable conjecture may be mentioned. There is greater reason to suppose that Herodias was married to her uncle Philip than to her grand-uncle, her grandfather’s brother, who must have been at that time in the decrepitude of old age. Now Herod Antipas (who is here mentioned) and Philip were not brothers by the same mother; for Herod was the son of Marthaca, third wife of Herod the Great, and Philip was the son of Cleopatra. (355) To return to the Evangelists, they tell us that John was thrown into prison, because he had reproved Herod’s crime with greater freedom than the ferocity of the tyrant would endure. The atrocious character of the deed was in itself sufficiently detestable and infamous; for not only did he keep in his own house another man’s wife, whom he had torn away from lawful wedlock, but the person on whom he had committed this outrage was his own brother. When, in addition to this, he is freely reproved by John, Herod has some reason to fear that sedition will suddenly break out. His lust did not allow him to correct his fault; but having imprisoned the prophet of God, he promises to himself repose and liberty. (356) Ignorance of history has led many persons into a fruitless debate; “Have I a right to marry the woman who was formerly married to my brother?” Though the modesty of nature recoils from such a marriage, (357) yet John condemns the rape still more than the incest; for it was by violence or by stratagem (358) that Herod had deprived his brother of his lawful wife: and otherwise it would have been less lawful for him to marry his niece than to marry his brother’s widow. There cannot be a doubt, that a crime so flagrant was universally blamed. But others loaded Herod with their curses in his absence. John alone comes into his presence, and reproves him boldly to his face, if by any means he may be brought to repentance. Hence we learn with what unshaken fortitude the servants of God ought to be armed when they have to do with princes; for in almost every court hypocrisy and servile flattery are prevalent; and the ears of princes, having been accustomed to this smooth language, do not tolerate any voice which reproves their vices with any severity. But as a prophet of God ought not to overlook so shocking a crime, John steps forward, though a disagreeable and unwelcome adviser, and, rather than fail in his duty, scruples not to incur the frown of the tyrant, even though he knew Herod to be so strongly held by the snares of the prostitute, that he could scarcely be moved from his purpose. (354) The allusion is to his exposition of Luke 3:19 , which will be found in Harmony, vol. 1. p. 222. — Ed. (355) “The apparent discrepancy between Josephus and the sacred historians is removed, as was formerly suggested, (Harmony, vol. 1. p. 223, n. 1,) by a hypothesis which appears to be generally admitted, that the name of the person in question was Herod-Philip. — Ed. (356) “ Il se fait accroire qu’il sera en repos, et qu’il pourra continuer sa meschancete sans aucune crainte ;” — “he makes himself believe that he will be at ease, and that he will have it in his power to continue his wickedness without any dread.” (357) “ Combien que l’honneste naturelle condamne un tel marriage ;” — “though natural decency condemns such a marriage.” (358) “ Ou par force et violence, ou par quelque ruse et moyen subtil ;” — “either by force and violence, or by some trick and cunning method.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
헤롯이 그 동생 빌립의 아내 헤로디아의 일로 요한을 잡아 옥에 가두었으니. 이 이야기는 현재 누가에 의해 생략되어 있는데, 이전에 설명했기 때문이다. 복음서 기자들은 요한이 붙잡힌 것이 헤롯이 헤로디아를 빼앗아 간 것과 그와의 근친상간적 결혼을 공개적으로 정죄했기 때문이라고 전한다. 요세푸스는 다른 이유를 제시하는데, 헤롯이 자신의 입장에서 형세 변화를 두려워하며 요한을 의심스럽게 여겼다는 것이다. 이것이 폭군이 자신의 범죄를 변명한 구실이거나, 그런 소문이 돌았을 수도 있다. 불의한 폭력과 잔인함에 대해 다양한 동기가 돌려지는 경우가 종종 있기 때문이다.
그러나 사실의 참된 상태는 복음서 기자들이 지적한다. 헤롯은 거룩한 사람에게 꾸짖음을 받았기 때문에 그에게 분노했다. 요한은 나서서, 비록 불쾌하고 환영받지 못하는 조언자였지만, 자신의 의무를 다하지 않느니 폭군의 눈총을 기꺼이 받겠다고 하여, 요한이 그 폭군이 창녀의 올무에 너무 강하게 잡혀 있어 마음을 바꾸기 어렵다는 것을 알면서도, 기탄없이 그를 꾸짖었다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-3-3(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
5절 카드 ↗
5. And though he wished to put him to death. There is some appearance of contradiction between the words of Matthew and Mark: for the former says that Herod was desirous to commit this shocking murder, but was restrained by the fear of the people; while the latter charges Herodias alone with this cruelty. But the difficulty is soon removed. At first Herod would have been unwilling, if a stronger necessity had not compelled him reluctantly to do so, to put to death the holy man; because he regarded him with reverence, and, indeed, was prevented by religious scruples from practising such atrocious cruelty against a prophet of God; and that he afterwards shook off this fear of God, in consequence of the incessant urgency of Herodias; but that afterwards, when infuriated by that demon he longed for the death of the holy man, he was withheld by a new restraint, because he dreaded on his own account a popular commotion. And here we must attend to the words of Mark, Herodias lay in wait for him; (359) which imply, that as Herod was not of himself sufficiently disposed to commit the murder, she either attempted to gain him over by indirect wiles, or labored to find some secret method of putting the holy man to death. I am more disposed to adopt the former view, that she employed stratagems for influencing the mind of her husband, but did not succeed, so long as Herod was prevented by remorse of conscience from pronouncing sentence of death on the holy man. Next followed another fear that the business of his death should excite the people to some insurrection. But Mark glances only at what prevented Herod from yielding immediately to the entreaties of the prostitute; for Herodias would have wished that, as soon as John was thrown into prison, he should be privately executed. Herod, on the contrary, reverenced the holy man, so far as even to comply willingly with his advises: Herod feared John Now the fear which is here mentioned, was not a dread arising from a mistaken opinion, as we dread those who have obtained some authority over us, though we reckon them to be unworthy of the honor. But this fear was a voluntary respect; for Herod was convinced that he was a holy man and a faithful servant of God, and therefore did not dare to despise him. (360) And this deserves our attention; for though John knew by experience that it was, in many respects, advantageous for him to have some share in the good wishes of the tetrarch, (361) yet he was not afraid to offend him, when he could find no other way of securing that favor, than by wickedly conniving at a known and disgraceful crime. He might indeed have protested that he did not at all consult his private interests, and that he had no other object in view than the public advantage; for it is certain that he requested nothing from motives of ambition (362) but that Herod yielded to his holy counsels, which had a reference to the lawful administration of the kingdom. But as he perceives that he has no right to accept this kind of compensation, (363) which would procure for him some kind offices by betraying the truth, he chooses rather to turn a friend into an enemy than to encourage, by flattery or silence, an evil which he is laid under the necessity of reproving with severity. John has thus, by his example, furnished an undoubted rule for pious teachers, not to wink at the faults of princes, so as to purchase their favor at this price, how advantageous soever that favor might appear to be to the public interests. (364) In Herod, on the other hand, the Spirit of God exhibits, as in a mirror, how frequently it happens that those who do not sincerely worship God are nevertheless willing, in some measure, to obey His commands, provided that He will grant them some indulgence or abatement. But whenever they are hard pressed, they throw off the yoke, and break out not only into obstinacy, but into rage. There is no reason, therefore, why they who comply with many sound advises should be well satisfied with themselves, till they have learned to yield and surrender themselves unreservedly to God. (359) “ Herodias cherchoit occasion ;” — “Herodias sought an opportunity.” (360) “ Estoit aucunement contreint en soy mesme de luv porter l’honneur, et ne l’osoit pas mespriser ;” — “was somewhat constrained in himself to bear respect towards him, and did not dare to despise him.” (361) “ Qu’il eust quelque entree en la Cour, et que le Roy l’eust aucunement agreable ;” — “that he should have some access to the Court, and that the King should be somewhat favorable to him.” (362) “ Qu’il n’a rien demande au Roy pour se faire valoir, ou pour monstrer son credit ;” — “that he asked nothing from the King to put himself forward, or to display his influence.” (363) “ Que ceste facon de compensation n’est point honneste, ne selon Dieu ;” — “that this kind of compensation is not honorable, nor according to God.” (364) “ Encore qu’ils ne la cherchent point pour leur regard particulier, mais seulement pour avoir occasion de profiter plus en d’autres endroits ;” —”even though they do not seek it for their private interest, but solely in order to have an opportunity of doing more good in other respects.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
헤롯이 요한을 죽이려 하되 민심이 두려우니 이는 그들이 요한을 선지자로 여김이러라. 마태와 마가의 말씀 사이에 다소 모순처럼 보이는 것이 있다. 전자는 헤롯이 이 충격적인 살인을 저지르려 했으나 백성에 대한 두려움으로 억제되었다고 말한다. 반면 후자는 헤로디아만을 이 잔인함으로 고발한다. 그러나 이 어려움은 곧 해소된다. 처음에 헤롯은 더 강한 필요가 그를 마지못해 강제하지 않았다면, 거룩한 사람을 죽이는 것을 꺼렸을 것이다. 그는 요한을 경외하고, 실제로 하나님의 선지자에 대해 그처럼 잔인한 행위를 하는 것에서 종교적 양심의 가책을 받았기 때문이다.
그리고 그가 나중에 헤로디아의 끊임없는 촉구의 결과로 이 하나님에 대한 두려움을 떨쳐버렸다는 것이다. 그러나 그 후 그 악마에 의해 광포해져 거룩한 사람의 죽음을 갈망하게 되었을 때, 자신을 위해 민중의 소동을 두려워하게 되어 새로운 억제에 의해 저지되었다는 것이다. 마가의 말씀 "헤로디아가 그를 노렸다"에 주의해야 한다. 이것은 헤롯이 스스로 살인을 저지를 만큼 충분히 성향이 되어 있지 않았으므로, 그녀가 간접적인 간계로 그를 설득하려 시도하거나 거룩한 사람을 죽이는 비밀 방법을 찾으려 노력했음을 함의한다.
헤롯은 거룩한 사람을 경외하여 기꺼이 그의 충고들에 따르기까지 했다. 마가는 "헤롯이 요한을 두려워했다"고 말한다. 여기서 언급된 두려움은 우리가 어떤 권위를 우리 위에 가진 자들을 두려워하는 것과 같이 잘못된 의견에서 비롯된 두려움이 아니었다. 이 두려움은 자발적인 존경이었다. 헤롯은 그가 거룩한 사람이요 하나님의 신실한 종임을 확신했으므로, 그를 경멸할 감히 하지 못했다.
또한 이것이 우리의 주의를 받아야 한다. 비록 요한이 경험으로 사분왕의 호의를 어느 정도 받는 것이 여러 면에서 그에게 유리하다는 것을 알았지만, 그 호의를 확보할 다른 방법이 없고 알려진 수치스러운 범죄를 사악하게 묵인하는 것뿐이었다면, 그를 기꺼이 기분상하게 하는 것을 두려워하지 않았다. 그는 야망의 동기로 왕에게 아무것도 요청하지 않았다는 것이 확실하다. 그러나 그는 진리를 배신함으로써 어떤 친절한 행위를 사들이는 이런 종류의 보상이 옳지 않다는 것을 깨닫고, 아첨이나 침묵으로 심각하게 꾸짖어야 할 악을 조장하는 것보다 차라리 친구를 원수로 만들기를 택했다.
따라서 요한은 자신의 모범으로 경건한 교사들을 위한 확실한 규칙을 확립했다. 제후들의 잘못을 눈감아주어 그 대가로 그들의 호의를 사지 말아야 한다는 것이다. 아무리 그 호의가 공공의 이익에 유리하게 보일지라도.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-5-5(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
6절 카드 ↗
6. And when Herod’s birthday was kept. The Evangelists now begin to relate the stratagem by which Herodias at length succeeded in a design which she had long meditated, the taking away of John’s life. The opportunity was afforded to her by an annual festival, when Herod was celebrating his birthday. It is scarcely possible that such magnificent preparations should not draw luxury, pride, unbridled merriment, and other crimes, and likewise many other evils, along with them. Not that there is any thing wrong in the mere act of preparing an expensive banquet; but such is the tendency of the human mind to licentiousness, that when the reins are loosened, they quickly go astray. The ancient custom of observing a birthday every year as an occasion of joy cannot in itself be disapproved; for that day, as often as it returns, reminds each of us to give thanks to God, who brought us into this world, and has permitted us, in his kindness, to spend many years in it; next, to bring to our recollection how improperly and uselessly the time which God granted to us has been permitted to pass away; and, lastly, that we ought to commit ourselves to the protection of the same God for the remainder of our life. But nothing is so pure that the world shall not taint it with its own vices. A birthday, which ought to have been held sacred, is profaned by the greater part of men with disgraceful abuses; and there is scarcely a single entertainment at all costly that is free from wicked debauchery. First, men drink more freely; next, the door is opened to filthy and immodest conversation; and, lastly, no moderation is observed. This was the reason why the patriarch Job was in the habit of offering sacrifices, while his sons were feasting alternately in each other’s houses, ( Job 1:5 .) It was because he thought that, when the guests invite one another to mirth, they are far from maintaining due moderation, and sin in a variety of ways. Thus it happened that Herod, intending to give a rich entertainment to his guests, permitted his wife’s daughter to dance. Hence, too, it appears what sort of discipline existed at his court; for, though most people at that time thought themselves at liberty to dance, yet for a marriageable young woman to dance was a shameful display of the impudence of the strumpet. But the unchaste Herodias had moulded her daughter Salome to her own manners in such a manner that she might not bring disgrace upon her. (365) And what was the consequence? The wicked murder of a holy prophet. The heat of wine had such an influence on Herod, that, forgetting gravity and prudence, he promised to a dancing girl, that he would give her even to the half of his kingdom. A shameful example truly, that a drunken king not only permits himself to behold with approbation a spectacle (366) which was disgraceful to his family, but holds out such a reward! Let us therefore learn to be careful in anticipating and resisting the devil, lest he entangle us in such snares. (365) “ Si elle eust mieux fallu que sa mere ;” — “if she were more highly esteemed than her mother.” (366) “ Non seulement prend plaisir a un fol passe-temps ;” — “not only takes pleasure in a foolish pastime.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
헤롯의 생일이 되어 헤로디아의 딸이 무리 앞에서 춤을 추어 헤롯을 기쁘게 하니. 복음서 기자들은 헤로디아가 오랫동안 계획한 요한의 생명을 빼앗는 음모가 마침내 성공하게 된 간계를 이제 서술하기 시작한다. 기회는 헤롯이 생일을 지내는 연례 축제에 의해 그녀에게 제공되었다. 그처럼 화려한 준비들이 사치, 교만, 무절제한 환락, 그리고 다른 범죄들과 많은 다른 악들을 끌어들이지 않을 수 없다. 값비싼 연회를 준비하는 단순한 행위 자체에 잘못된 것이 있다는 것이 아니다. 그러나 방종으로 향하는 인간 마음의 성향이 그러하여, 고삐가 풀리면 빠르게 벗어난다.
매년 생일을 기쁨의 날로 지키는 고대 관습은 그 자체로 나무랄 수 없다. 그날은 그것이 돌아올 때마다 세상에 우리를 내신 하나님께, 자신의 인자하심으로 우리가 많은 해를 그 안에서 보낼 수 있게 허락하신 것에 대해 감사를 드리도록 상기시키기 때문이다. 다음으로, 하나님께서 우리에게 주신 시간을 얼마나 부적절하고 쓸모없이 보냈는지 기억하게 한다. 마지막으로, 나머지 생애를 위해 동일한 하나님의 보호에 우리 자신을 맡겨야 한다는 것을.
그러나 세상이 자신의 악으로 더럽히지 않는 것은 없다. 마땅히 거룩하게 지켜야 할 생일이 대부분의 사람들에 의해 수치스러운 남용으로 더럽혀진다. 비용이 드는 잔치라면 방탕한 방종에서 자유로운 것이 거의 없다. 먼저 사람들은 더 자유롭게 마시고, 이어 더럽고 음란한 대화의 문이 열리며, 마지막으로 절제가 지켜지지 않는다.
이것이 족장 욥이 아들들이 서로 교대로 연회를 할 때마다 희생제물을 드리는 습관을 가진 이유다. 손님들이 서로 기쁨을 나눌 때, 그들이 적절한 절제를 결코 유지하지 못하고 다양한 방식으로 죄를 짓는다고 생각했기 때문이다. 그리하여 헤롯은 손님들에게 풍성한 오락을 제공하려다가 아내의 딸이 춤추는 것을 허락했다. 이로부터도 그의 궁정에 어떤 규율이 있었는지가 분명히 드러난다. 그 당시 대부분의 사람들이 춤추는 것을 자유롭게 여겼지만, 결혼 적령기의 젊은 여자가 춤추는 것은 창녀의 뻔뻔함을 수치스럽게 드러내는 것이었다. 그러나 음란한 헤로디아는 자기 딸 살로메를 자신의 풍습으로 그처럼 주조했다. 그 결과는 무엇이었는가? 거룩한 선지자의 사악한 살인이었다. 포도주의 열기가 헤롯에게 그처럼 큰 영향을 미쳐, 중후함과 신중함을 잊고 춤추는 소녀에게 나라의 절반까지도 주겠다고 약속했다. 참으로 수치스러운 본보기다. 취한 왕이 자신의 가문에 수치스러운 구경거리를 기꺼이 바라볼 뿐만 아니라 그처럼 큰 보상을 내걸다니! 따라서 마귀가 그런 올무에 우리를 얽매지 않도록 마귀를 미리 예상하고 대항하는 데 조심하는 법을 배우자.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-6-6(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
13절 카드 ↗
Matthew 14:13 . When Jesus heard it. John, who relates the same narrative, does not mention the reason why Jesus crossed over to the opposite bank, (6: 5.) Mark and Luke differ somewhat from Matthew; for they describe the occasion of the journey to have been to give some repose to his disciples, after that they had returned from their embassy. But there is no contradiction here; for it is possible that he intended to withdraw his disciples into a desert place, in order that he might be more at leisure to train them for higher labors, and that, about the same time, an additional reason arose out of the death of John. Minds which were still feeble might have been terrified by the death of John, learning from the melancholy end of that eminent prophet what condition awaited them all. Certainly, as it was formerly related that, when John was imprisoned, Christ removed from Herod’s territory, in order to avoid his fury for the time, so we may now infer that Christ, in order to keep his trembling disciples at a distance from the flame, withdrew into a desert place. How long the Apostles were employed in their first embassy it is not in our power to determine; for the Evangelists, as we have formerly remarked, either did not attend to dates, or did not observe them with great exactness. I think it highly probable that their commission to proclaim the kingdom of Christ was not confined to a single occasion, but that, as opportunities were offered, they either repeated their visit to some places, or went to others after a lapse of time. The words, they came together to him, I look upon as meaning that ever afterwards they were his constant attendants; as if the Evangelist had said, that they did not leave their Master so as to be individually and constantly employed in the ordinary office of teaching, but that, having discharged a temporary commission, they went back to school to make greater advances in learning. They followed him on foot out of the cities. Though Christ, who foresaw all things before they happened, was in no respect ignorant of what would take place, yet he wished, as a man, to forewarn his disciples, that the fact might testify the anxiety which he had about them. The vast crowd that had assembled shows how widely his fame was spread in every direction: and this left the Jews without excuse in depriving themselves, by their own carelessness, of the salvation which was offered to them; for even out of this great multitude, which was inflamed by a sudden zeal to follow Christ, it is evident from what is stated by John, ( John 6:66 ) that not more than a very small number yielded a true and steady adherence to his doctrine. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-14" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 들으시고 배를 타고 떠나사 따로 빈 들에 가시니. 같은 이야기를 전하는 요한은 예수께서 맞은편 언덕으로 건너가신 이유를 언급하지 않는다. 마가와 누가는 마태와 다소 다르다. 그들은 제자들이 사명에서 돌아온 후 쉬게 하기 위해 이 여행을 하신 것을 이야기의 기회로 묘사한다. 그러나 여기에 모순은 없다. 그분이 더 많은 여유를 가지고 더 높은 수고를 위해 제자들을 훈련하기 위해 광야로 그들을 데리고 가려 하셨을 수 있다. 그리고 같은 시기에 요한의 죽음으로 인한 추가적인 이유가 생겼을 수도 있다. 아직 약한 마음들은 그 탁월한 선지자의 불행한 죽음으로 두려움에 떨었을 것이다. 그들 모두를 기다리는 처지가 어떠한지를 요한의 슬픈 종말에서 배웠기 때문이다.
사도들이 첫 번째 사명에 어느 정도 시간을 사용했는지 우리가 결정하는 것은 불가능하다. 복음서 기자들이 날짜에 주의를 기울이지 않았거나 그것을 엄밀하게 관찰하지 않았기 때문이다. 그들의 사명은 단 한 번의 기회에 국한된 것이 아니라, 기회가 제공될 때 어떤 곳은 다시 방문하고 다른 곳은 시간이 지난 후 갔을 것으로 생각된다.
모여든 큰 무리는 그분의 명성이 모든 방향으로 얼마나 널리 퍼졌는지를 보여준다. 이것은 자신들의 부주의로 인해 그들에게 제공된 구원을 스스로 박탈한 그 민족의 배은망덕을 더욱 변명의 여지 없게 한다. 그리스도를 따르려는 갑작스러운 열정으로 불타오른 이 큰 무리에서도, 그분의 교리에 진실하고 확고한 충성을 보인 것은 매우 소수에 지나지 않았음이 요한이 진술한 것에서 분명하다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-13-13(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
14절 카드 ↗
14. He was moved with compassion towards them. The other two Evangelists, and particularly Mark, state more clearly the reason why this compassion ( συμπάθεια ) was awakened in the mind of Christ. It was because he saw famishing souls, whom the warmth of zeal had carried away from their homes and led into a desert place This scarcity of teaching indicated a wretched state of disorder; and accordingly Mark says that Jesus was moved with compassion towards them, because they were as sheep not having a shepherd Not that, as to his Divine nature, he looked upon them all as sheep, but that, as man, he judged according to the present aspect of the case. It was no small manifestation of piety that they left their own homes, and flocked in crowds to the Prophet of God, though he purposely concealed himself from them. Besides, it ought to be remarked, that Christ was mindful of the character which he sustained; for he had been commanded to discharge the duties of a public teacher, and was therefore bound to look upon all the Jews, for the time being, as belonging to the flock of God and to the Church, till they withdrew from it. So strongly was Christ moved by this feeling of compassion, that though, in common with his disciples, he was fatigued and almost worn out by uninterrupted toil, he did not spare himself. He had endeavored to obtain some relaxation, and that on his own account as well as for the sake of his disciples; but when urgent duty calls him to additional labor, he willingly lays aside that private consideration, (377) and devotes himself to teaching the multitudes. Although he has now laid aside those feelings which belonged to him as a mortal man, yet there is no reason to doubt that he looks down from heaven on poor sheep that have no shepherd, provided they ask relief of their wants. Mark says, that he began to teach them MANY things; that is, he spent a long time in preaching, that they might reap some lasting advantage. Luke says, that he spoke to them concerning the Kingdom of God, which amounts to the same thing. Matthew makes no mention of any thing but miracles, because they were of great importance in establishing Christ’s reputation; but it may naturally be concluded that he did not leave out doctrine, which was a matter of the highest importance. (377) “ Mettant arriere ceste consideration particuliere de donner repos au corps ;”— “setting aside that private consideration of giving rest to the body.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-15" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 나오사 큰 무리를 보시고 불쌍히 여기사 그 중에 있는 병자를 고쳐 주시니라. 다른 두 복음서 기자들, 특히 마가는 이 동정심이 그리스도의 마음에 깨어난 이유를 더 명확히 진술한다. 열심의 따뜻함이 그들을 집에서 끌어내어 광야로 이끈, 굶주리는 영혼들을 보셨기 때문이다. 이 가르침의 부족은 비참한 혼란 상태를 나타냈다. 따라서 마가는 예수께서 목자 없는 양 같았으므로 그들을 불쌍히 여기셨다고 말한다.
그분이 그들 모두를 자신의 신성한 본성 면에서 양으로 바라보셨다는 것이 아니라, 인간으로서 현재의 사태에 따라 판단하셨다는 것이다. 또한 주목해야 할 것은, 그리스도께서 자신이 맡으신 성품을 기억하셨다는 것이다. 그분은 공적 교사의 직무를 수행하도록 명을 받으셨고, 따라서 그들이 물러설 때까지는 잠시 동안 모든 유대인들을 하나님의 양 떼와 교회에 속한 것으로 바라보아야 했다.
이 동정심의 감정에 의해 그리스도께서는 그토록 강하게 움직이셨다. 비록 제자들과 함께 끊임없는 수고로 피로하고 거의 탈진하셨지만, 자신을 아끼지 않으셨다. 그분은 쉬려 하셨고, 제자들을 위해서뿐만 아니라 자신을 위해서도 그리하셨다. 그러나 긴급한 의무가 그분을 추가적인 수고로 부를 때, 그분은 기꺼이 그 개인적 고려를 내려놓고 자신을 무리를 가르치는 데 헌신하셨다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-14-14(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
15절 카드 ↗
15. When the evening was drawing on. The disciples had now lost their object, and they see that Christ is again absorbed in teaching, while the multitudes are so eager to receive instruction that they do not think of retiring. Theytherefore advise that for the sake of attending to their bodily wants, Christ should send them away into the neighboring villages. He had purposely delayed till now the miracle which he intended to perform; first, that his disciples might consider it more attentively, and might thus derive from it greater advantage; and next, that the very circumstance of the time might convince them that, though he does not prevent, and even does not immediately supply, the wants of his people, yet he never ceases to care for them, but has always at hand the assistance which he affords at the very time when it is required. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-16" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
저녁이 되매 제자들이 나아와 이르되. 제자들은 이제 자신들의 목적을 잃었고, 그리스도께서 다시 가르치는 데 몰두해 계신 것을 본다. 반면 무리들은 가르침을 받는 데 너무나 열심이어서 떠날 생각을 하지 않는다. 따라서 그들은 몸의 필요를 위해 그분이 그들을 인근 마을로 보내도록 권유한다. 그분은 이미 행하시려는 기적을 지금까지 의도적으로 지연하셨다. 먼저 제자들이 그것을 더 주의 깊게 고려하여 더 큰 유익을 얻도록 하기 위함이었고, 다음으로 시간의 상황 자체가 그들을 설득하기 위해서였다. 비록 그분이 막지 않으시고 심지어 자신의 백성의 필요를 즉시 공급하지 않으실 때도, 그분은 그들을 돌보기를 결코 멈추지 않으시며, 그것이 필요한 바로 그 시간에 베푸시는 도움을 항상 준비하고 계신다는 것을.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-15-15(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
16절 카드 ↗
16. Give you to them something to eat. As a fuller exposition of this miracle will be found at the sixth chapter of John’s Gospel, instead of troubling my readers with a repetition of what I have said, I would rather send them to that exposition; but rather than pass over this passage entirely, I shall offer a brief recapitulation. Hitherto Christ had bestowed his whole attention on feeding souls, but now he includes within his duties as a shepherd the care even of their bodies. And in this way he confirms his own saying, that to those who seek the kingdom of God, and his righteousness, all other things will be added, ( Matthew 6:33 .) We have no right, indeed, to expect that Christ will always follow this method of supplying the hungry and thirsty with food; but it is certain that he will never permit his own people to want the necessaries of life, but will stretch out his hand from heaven, whenever he shall see it to be necessary to relieve their necessities. Those who wish to have Christ for their provider, must first learn not to long for refined luxuries, but to be satisfied with barley-bread. Christ commanded that the people should sit down in companies; and he did so, first, that by this arrangement of the ranks the miracle might be more manifest; secondly, that the number of the men might be more easily ascertained, and that, while they looked at each other, they might in their turn bear testimony to this heavenly favor. Thirdly, perceiving that his disciples were anxious, he intended to make trial of their obedience by giving them an injunction which at first sight appeared to be absurd; for, as no provisions were at hand, there was reason to wonder why Christ was making arrangements that resembled a feast. To the same purpose is what follows, that he gave them the loaves, in order that in their hands the astonishing increase might take place, and that they might thus be the ministers of Christ’s divine power; for as if it had been of small importance that they should be eye-witnesses, Christ determined that his power should be handled by them. (378) Two hundred pence, according to the computation of Budaeus, are worth about thirty-four French livres; (379) and so when the disciples speak of what is sufficient for them, that every one of them may take a little, they calculate at the rate of a farthing for each individual. Forming so high an estimate of the sum of money that would be required to purchase bread barely sufficient for procuring a morsel to the people, they are entitled to no small praise for their obedience, when they implicitly comply with the command of Christ, and leave the result to his disposal. (378) “ Car Christ ne se contentant point de leur faire voir de leurs propres yeux sa vertu, a voulu mesme qu’elle passast par leurs mains, et qu’ils la touchassent ;”— “for Christ, not satisfied with making them see his power with their own eyes, determined even that it should pass through their hands, and that they should touch it.” (379) The value of a livre was so much affected both by time and by place, that it is not easy to determine with exactness how it was rated by Budaeus or Calvin. Most probably, the reference is to la livre Parisis , which was three times the value of a franc , or about two shillings and sixpence sterling; and thirty-four of these would amount to four pounds, five shillings, sterling. Now reckoning the Roman denarius , or the eighth part of an ounce of silver, to be worth sevenpence halfpenny of our own money, une livre Parisis must have been equal to four denarii , and therefore two hundred denarii must have been worth—not thirty-four but fifty livres Parisis, or six pounds, five shillings, sterling. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 이르시되 갈 것 없다 너희가 먹을 것을 주라. 이 기적에 대한 더 완전한 설명이 요한복음 6장에 있으므로, 이미 말한 것을 반복하지 않고, 간략한 요약만 드리겠다. 지금까지 그리스도께서는 영혼을 먹이는 데 모든 주의를 기울이셨지만, 이제 몸조차 돌보는 것을 목자로서의 의무에 포함시키신다. 이런 방식으로 하나님의 나라와 그분의 의를 구하는 이들에게 다른 모든 것이 더해질 것이라는 자신의 말씀을 확증하신다. 우리는 그리스도께서 항상 주린 자들과 목마른 자들에게 이런 방식으로 먹을 것을 공급하실 것을 기대할 권리가 없다. 그러나 그분이 필요하다고 보실 때는 하늘에서 손을 뻗어 그들의 필요를 구제하실 것이 확실하다.
그리스도께서 사람들을 반열별로 앉히도록 명하셨는데, 첫째로 이 배열로 기적이 더 명백하게 나타나도록 하기 위함이었다. 둘째, 사람들의 수가 더 쉽게 파악될 수 있고 그들이 서로 바라보는 동안 차례로 이 하늘의 은혜를 증언하도록 하기 위함이었다. 셋째, 제자들이 불안해하는 것을 인식하시어, 처음에는 터무니없어 보이는 명령을 내림으로써 그들의 순종을 시험하시려 하셨다. 아무런 음식도 없었으므로, 그리스도께서 왜 잔치를 닮은 배열을 하시는지 의아하게 여길 이유가 있었다.
같은 목적으로 그다음에 이어지는 것도 있다. 그분이 그들에게 떡을 주신 것은 그들의 손 안에서 놀라운 증가가 이루어지고 그럼으로써 그들이 그리스도의 신성한 능력의 사역자들이 되게 하기 위함이었다. 그들이 목격자가 되는 것만으로 충분하지 않다는 듯, 그리스도께서 그분의 능력이 그들의 손을 통해 전달되게 하셨다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-16-16(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
19절 카드 ↗
19. He blessed. In this passage, as in many others, blessing denotes thanksgiving. Now Christ has taught us, by his example, that we cannot partake of our food with holiness and purity, unless we express our gratitude to God, from whose hand it comes to us. Accordingly, Paul tells us, that every kind of food which God bestows upon us is sanctifed by the word of God and prayer, ( 1 Timothy 4:5 ;) by which he means, that brutal men, who do not regard by faith the blessing of God, and do not offer to him thanksgiving, corrupt and pollute by the filth of their unbelief all that is by nature pure; and, on the other hand, that they are corrupted and defiled by the food which they swallow, because to unbelievers nothing is clean. Christ has therefore laid down for his followers the proper manner of taking food, that they may not profane their own persons and the gifts of God by wicked sacrilege. Raising his eyes towards heaven. This expresses warm and earnest supplication. Not that such an attitude is at all times necessary when we pray, but because the Son of God did not choose to disregard the outward forms which are fitted to aid human weakness. It ought also to be taken into account, that to raise the eyes upwards is an excitement well fitted to arouse us from sloth, when our minds are too strongly fixed on the earth. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-20" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
무리를 명하여 잔디 위에 앉히시고 떡 다섯 개와 물고기 두 마리를 가지사 하늘을 우러러 축사하시고. 이 구절에서와 다른 많은 구절에서, 축사는 감사를 나타낸다. 그리스도께서는 자신의 모범으로 우리를 가르치셨다. 우리가 하나님의 손에서 오는 음식을 경건함과 순결함으로 먹으려면, 은혜를 표현해야 한다는 것을. 따라서 바울은 하나님께서 우리에게 베푸시는 모든 종류의 음식이 하나님의 말씀과 기도로 거룩하게 된다고 말한다. 이로써 그는, 믿음으로 하나님의 복을 구하지 않고 그분께 감사를 드리지 않는 짐승 같은 사람들이 본성적으로 순수한 모든 것을 불신앙의 더러움으로 부패시키고 오염시킨다는 것을 의미한다.
그러므로 그리스도께서는 자신의 추종자들이 음식을 취하는 올바른 방법을 제시하셨다. 그들이 사악한 신성모독으로 자신들과 하나님의 선물을 더럽히지 않도록. 그분은 눈을 하늘을 향해 드셨다. 이것은 따뜻하고 진지한 간구를 표현한다. 그런 자세가 기도할 때 항상 필요하다는 것이 아니라, 하나님의 아들께서 인간의 연약함을 돕기에 적합한 외적 형식들을 무시하지 않으셨다는 것이다. 또한 눈을 위로 드는 것은 우리의 마음이 땅에 너무 강하게 고정되어 있을 때 나태함에서 우리를 깨우기에 적합한 자극임도 고려해야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-19-19(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
20절 카드 ↗
20. And carried away what was left. The fragments that remained after satisfying so vast a multitude of men were more than twelve times larger in quantity than what was at first put into their hands, and this contributed not a little to the splendor of the miracle. In this way all came to know that the power of Christ had not only created out of nothing the food that was necessary for immediate use, but that, if it should be required, there was also provision for future wants; and, in a word, Christ intended that, after the miracle had been wrought, a striking proof of it should still remain, which, after being refreshed by food, they might contemplate at leisure. Now though Christ does not every day multiply our bread, or feed men without the labor of their hands or the cultivation of their fields, the advantage of this narrative extends even to us. If we do not perceive that it is the blessing of God which multiplies the corn, that we may have a sufficiency of food, the only obstacle is, our own indolence and ingratitude. That, after we have been supported by the annual produce, there remains seed for the following year, and that this could not have happened but for an increase from heaven, each of us would easily perceive, were he not hindered by that very depravity which blinds the eyes both of the mind and of the flesh, so as not to see a manifest work of God. Christ intended to declare that, as all things have been delivered into his hands by the Father, so the food which we eat proceeds from his grace. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-22" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
다 배불리 먹고 남은 조각을 열두 바구니에 차게 거두었으며. 그처럼 많은 무리를 만족시키고 남은 것이 처음에 그들의 손에 쥐어진 것보다 열두 배 이상 많았고, 이것이 기적의 화려함에 적지 않게 기여했다. 이런 방식으로 모든 이들이 그리스도의 능력이 즉각적인 사용에 필요한 음식만을 무에서 창조한 것이 아니라, 필요하다면 미래의 필요를 위한 공급도 있었다는 것을 알게 되었다. 한마디로 그리스도께서는 음식으로 배부른 후에도 오래도록 묵상할 수 있는, 기적에 대한 놀라운 증거가 남아 있도록 의도하셨다.
이제 그리스도께서 매일 우리의 떡을 불리거나 노동이나 땅 경작 없이 사람들을 먹이시는 것은 아니지만, 이 이야기의 유익은 우리에게까지 미친다. 만약 하나님의 복이 우리에게 음식의 충분한 공급을 갖도록 곡식을 불리신다는 것을 인식하지 못한다면, 그 유일한 장애물은 우리 자신의 나태함과 배은망덕이다. 연간 산물로 지탱받은 후 다음 해를 위한 씨앗이 남아 있고, 이것이 하늘로부터의 증가 없이는 일어날 수 없었다는 것은, 마음과 육체의 눈을 모두 눈멀게 하는 바로 그 타락함에 의해 방해받지 않는다면 각자가 쉽게 알 수 있을 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-20-20(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
22절 카드 ↗
Matthew 14:22 . And immediately Jesus constrained his disciples They must have been constrained; for they would never, of their own accord, have left him, and gone to the other side. Now in this they testify their great veneration for him, when, contrary to their own opinions, they yield to his command and obey it. And, indeed, it had an appearance of absurdity, that he should remain alone in a desert place, when night was approaching. But so much the greater commendation is due to the submissiveness of those who set a higher value on the authority of their heavenly teacher than on all that could be pleaded on the other side. And, indeed, we do not truly and perfectly obey God, unless we implicitly follow whatever he commands, though our feelings may be opposed to it. There is always the best reason, no doubt, for every thing that God does; but he often conceals it from us for a time, in order to instruct us not to be wise in ourselves, but to depend entirely on the expression of his will. And thus Christ constrained his disciples to cross over, in order to train them to that rule of obedience which I have mentioned; though there cannot be a doubt that he intended to prepare the way for the miracle which will immediately come under our consideration. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-23" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 즉시 제자들을 재촉하사 자기가 무리를 보내는 동안 배를 타고 앞서 건너편으로 가게 하시고. 그들은 강제되어야 했다. 그렇지 않으면 자원하여 그분을 떠나 맞은편으로 가지 않았을 것이다. 자신들의 의견에 반해서도 그분의 명령에 복종하고 순종하는 것으로 그들은 그분에 대한 큰 경외심을 증언한다. 밤이 가까운데 그분이 광야의 외로운 곳에 홀로 남겨지셨다는 것은 부조리해 보이는 점이 있었다. 그러나 하늘 교사의 권위를 다른 편에서 주장될 수 있는 모든 것보다 더 높이 평가한 이들의 복종이 더욱 칭찬받아야 마땅하다.
하나님께서 명하시는 모든 것을 진정으로 완전하게 따르지 않는다면, 우리는 그분께 진실되고 완전하게 순종하지 않는 것이다. 설령 우리의 감정이 그것에 반대할지라도. 하나님께서 행하시는 모든 것에 항상 최선의 이유가 있다. 그러나 그분은 종종 그것을 우리에게 잠시 감추신다. 우리 자신에게 지혜로운 체하지 않고, 전적으로 그분의 뜻의 표현에 의존하도록 훈련하시기 위해. 그리하여 그리스도께서 제자들을 건너게 하셨다. 내가 언급한 순종의 규칙으로 그들을 훈련하기 위해. 또한 그분이 즉시 고려할 기적을 위한 길을 준비하려 하셨음은 의심할 여지가 없다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-22-22(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
23절 카드 ↗
23. He went up into a mountain alone. It is probable that the Son of God, who was fully aware of the tempest that was coming on, did not neglect the safety of his disciples in his prayers; and yet we naturally wonder that he did not rather prevent the danger than employ himself in prayer. But in discharging all the parts of his office as Mediator, he showed himself to be God and man, and exhibited proofs of both natures, as opportunities occurred. Though he had all things at his disposal, he showed himself to be a man by praying; and this he did not hypocritically, but manifested sincere and human affection towards us. In this manner his divine majesty was for a time concealed, but was afterwards displayed at the proper time. In going up into the mountain he consulted his convenience, that he might have more leisure for praying when removed from all noise. We know how easily the slightest interruptions destroy the ardor of prayer, or at least make it languish and cool. Though Christ was in no danger of this fault, yet he intended to warn us by his example, that we ought to be exceedingly careful to avail ourselves of every assistance for setting our minds free from all the snares of the world, that we may look direct towards heaven. Now in this respect solitude has a powerful influence, by disposing those who engage in prayer, when God is their only witness, to be more on their guard, to pour their heart into his bosom, to be more diligent in self-examination; and, in a word—remembering that they have to do with God—to rise above themselves. At the same time, it must be observed, that he did not lay down a fixed rule, as if we were never permitted to pray except in retirement; for Paul enjoins us to pray everywhere, lifting up clean hands, ( 1 Timothy 2:8 ;) and Christ himself sometimes prayed in presence of others, and even instructed his disciples to assemble together for offering social prayer. But that permission to pray in all places does not hinder them from engaging in secret prayer at proper seasons. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-24" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
무리를 보내신 후에 기도하러 따로 산에 올라가시다. 모든 것을 일어나기 전에 미리 아신 하나님의 아들께서 자신의 기도에서 제자들의 안전을 소홀히 하지 않으셨을 것이 분명하다. 그러나 우리는 자연스럽게 그분이 기도에 몰두하시기보다 위험을 미리 막으시지 않았음을 의아하게 여긴다. 그러나 중보자로서 자신의 직무의 모든 부분을 수행하시면서, 그분은 자신이 하나님이자 인간임을 보여주셨고 기회가 생길 때마다 두 본성의 증거들을 드러내셨다. 비록 모든 것이 그분의 처분에 있었지만, 그분은 기도함으로 자신이 사람임을 보여주셨다. 이것을 위선적으로 하신 것이 아니라 우리를 향한 진실하고 인간적인 애정을 나타내셨다. 이런 방식으로 그분의 신성한 위엄은 잠시 감추어졌지만 그 후 적절한 때에 드러났다.
산에 올라가심으로써 그분은 모든 소란에서 벗어나 기도에 더 많은 여유를 가지실 때 편의를 도모하셨다. 아무리 사소한 방해도 기도의 열정을 얼마나 쉽게 파괴하거나 약하게 만드는지 우리는 안다. 비록 그리스도께서는 이런 잘못의 위험이 없으셨지만, 기도에 참여할 때 마음이 세상의 모든 올무에서 자유롭도록 가능한 모든 도움을 이용하는 데 매우 조심해야 함을 자신의 모범으로 우리에게 경고하려 하셨다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-23-23(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
24절 카드 ↗
24. The ship was now in the midst of the sea. The reader will find this narrative expounded by me at the sixth chapter of John’s Gospel, and therefore I shall treat it more briefly here. When Christ permitted his disciples to be tossed about in a perilous condition, for a time, by an opposing storm, it was to fix their attention more powerfully on the assistance which he brought to them. For the adverse wind arose about midnight, or at least a little before it, and Christ appears about the fourth watch, that is, three hours before sunrise. Their arms were not more fatigued by rowing than their faith was shaken by grievous terrors. But when they were urged by strong necessity to desire the presence of their Master, it showed very extraordinary stupidity to be alarmed at his appearance as if he had been a ghost. For this reason Mark tells us, that their heart was blinded, and that they understood not about the loaves; for that miracle had given abundant evidence that Christ possessed divine power to assist his followers, and that he was careful to assist them, when necessity required. Justly, therefore, are they now charged with stupidity in not immediately recollecting that heavenly power, having beheld, on the preceding day, so astonishing a proof of it, which ought to have been still before their eyes. It is, no doubt, true, that their blameworthy slowness of apprehension was the reason why they were astonished; for they had not profited, as they ought to have done, by other and preceding miracles. But the principal charge brought against them is blindness, in allowing so recent an exhibition to fade from their memory, or rather in not directing their mind to the contemplation of Christ’s divinity, of which the multiplication of the loaves was a sufficiently bright mirror. Two things are expressed by the words of Mark; first, that they did not properly consider the glory of Christ, which was exhibited in the multiplication of the loaves; and, secondly, a reason is assigned, that their heart was blinded. This appears to have been added, not only as an aggravation of their fault, but as a warning to us respecting the corruption of our understanding, that we may seek from the Lord new eyes. It certainly was a proof—as I have lately mentioned—of brutal ignorance, that they did not perceive the power of God, when they might almost feel it with their hands; but as the whole human race labors under the same disease, Mark purposely mentions blindness, in order to inform us that it is no new thing if men have their eyes closed against the manifest works of God, till they are enlightened from above; as Moses also said, The Lord hath not yet given thee a heart to understand, ( Deuteronomy 29:4 .) Now though the word heart more frequently denotes the will or the seat of the affections, yet here, as in that passage which I have now quoted from Moses, it is put for the understanding. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-27" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-mat-14-003
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
배는 이미 육지에서 수 리나 떠나서 바람이 거슬리므로 물결로 말미암아 고난을 당하더라. 독자들은 이 이야기가 요한복음 6장에서 내가 설명한 것을 발견할 것이다. 그분이 제자들을 위험한 상태에서 맞서는 폭풍에 한동안 요동하도록 허락하셨을 때, 그것은 그분이 그들에게 가져다주신 도움에 더욱 강력하게 주의를 집중시키기 위함이었다. 맞바람은 자정쯤 또는 조금 전에 일어났고, 그리스도께서는 제4경, 즉 일출 세 시간 전에 나타나신다. 그들의 팔은 노를 젓느라 지쳤을 뿐만 아니라 믿음도 심각한 두려움에 흔들렸다.
마가는 그들의 마음이 눈멀었고 떡에 대해 이해하지 못했다고 말한다. 그 기적이 그리스도께서 자신의 추종자들을 돕는 신성한 능력을 갖고 계심을 충분히 증거하고, 필요가 요구할 때 그들을 돕는 데 열심임을 보여주었기 때문이다. 그러므로 그들은 이제 그 하늘의 능력을 즉시 기억하지 못했다는 것, 전날 그처럼 놀라운 증거를 보았음에도 여전히 눈앞에 남아 있어야 했을 그 기적이 그들의 기억에서 사라졌거나 그리스도의 신성에 대한 묵상으로 마음을 향하지 않았다는 것 때문에 정당하게 어리석다고 책망을 받는다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-24-24(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
27절 카드 ↗
27. But immediately Jesus spake to them. As Christ is not known to be a Deliverer till he actually makes his appearance, he speaks, and desires his disciples to recognize him. That confidence, to which he exhorts them, is represented by him as founded on his presence; plainly implying that, since they perceive him to be present with them, there are abundant grounds of hope. But as terror had already overpowered their minds, he corrects that terror, lest it should hinder or abate their confidence: not that they could all at once lay aside fear and experience unmingled joy, but because it was necessary that the fear which had seized them should be allayed, that it might not destroy their confidence. Although to the reprobate the voice of the Son of God is deadly, and his presence appalling, yet the effect which they produce on believers is here described to us as widely different. They cause inward peace and strong confidence to hold the sway over our hearts, that we may not yield to carnal fears. But the reason why we are disturbed by unfounded and sudden alarms is, that our ingratitude and wickedness prevent us from employing as shields the innumerable gifts of God, which, if they were turned to proper account, would give us all necessary support. Now though Christ appeared at the proper time for rendering assistance, yet the storm did not immediately cease, till the disciples were more fully aroused both to desire and to expect his grace. And this deserves our attention, as conveying the instruction, that there are good reasons why the Lord frequently delays to bestow that deliverance which he has ready at hand. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-28" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-mat-14-003
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 즉시 이르시되 안심하라 나니 두려워하지 말라 하시니. 그리스도께서는 자신을 해방자로 알릴 때까지 알려지지 않으시므로, 말씀하시고 제자들이 그분을 알아보도록 요청하신다. 그분이 그들에게 권면하시는 그 확신은 그분의 임재에 근거한다고 표현된다. 분명히 그분이 함께 계심을 인식하므로 소망의 충분한 근거가 있음을 함축한다. 그러나 두려움이 이미 그들의 마음을 압도했으므로, 그분은 그것이 그들의 확신을 방해하거나 약화시키지 않도록 그 두려움을 바로잡으신다. 그들이 두려움을 즉각 내려놓고 순수한 기쁨을 경험할 수 없다는 것이 아니라, 그들을 사로잡은 두려움이 가라앉혀져야 그것이 그들의 확신을 파괴하지 않기 위함이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-27-27(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
28절 카드 ↗
28. And Peter answering. The condition which he lays down shows that his faith was not yet fully settled. If it is thou, says he, bid me come to thee on the water. But he had heard Christ speak. Why then does he still argue with himself under doubt and perplexity? While his faith is so small and weak, a wish not well considered bursts into a flame. He ought rather to have judged of himself according to his capacity, and to have supplicated from Christ an increase of faith, that by its guidance and direction he might walk over seas and mountains. But now, without the wings of faith, he desires to fly at will; and though the voice of Christ has not its due weight in his heart, he desires that the waters should be firm under his feet. And yet there is no room to doubt that this longing sprung from a good principle; but as it degenerates into a faulty excess, it cannot be applauded as good. Hence too it happens that Peter immediately begins to smart for his rashness. Let believers, therefore, instructed by his example, beware of excessive haste. Wherever the Lord calls, we ought to run with alacrity; but whoever proceeds farther, will learn from the mournful result what it is to overleap the bounds which the Lord has prescribed. Yet it may be asked, Why does Christ comply with Peter’s wish? for by so doing he seems to approve of it. But the answer is obvious. In many eases God promotes our interests better by refusing our requests; but at times he yields to us, that by experience we may be the more fully convinced of our own folly. In this manner, it happens every day that, by granting to those who believe in him more than is actually needed, he trains them to modesty and sober-mindedness for the future. Besides, this was of advantage to Peter and to the other disciples, and it is of advantage to us at the present day. The power of Christ shone more brightly in the person of Peter, when he admitted him as a companion, than if he had walked alone on the waters. But Peter knows, and the rest see plainly, that, when he does not rest with a firm faith, and rely on the Lord, the secret power of God, which formerly made the water solid, begins to disappear; and yet Christ dealt gently with him by not permitting him to sink entirely under the waters. (382) Both of these things happen to us; for as Peter was no sooner seized with fear than he began to sink, so the fleeting and transitory thoughts of the flesh immediately cause us to sink in the midst of our course of employments. (383) Meanwhile, the Lord indulges our weakness, and stretches out his hand, that the waters may not swallow us up altogether. It must also be observed that Peter, when he perceives the unhappy and painful consequences of his rashness, betakes himself to the mercy of Christ. And we too, though enduring just punishment, ought to betake ourselves to him, that he may have compassion on us, and bestow the aid of which we are unworthy. (382) “ Ne permettant qu’il enfondre du tout en l’eau, et se noye ;” — “not allowing him to sink entirely in the water, and be drowned.” (383) “ Ainsi les vaines et folles pensees de la chair font qu’a tous coups nous defaillons au milieu des affaires, comme si nous estions plongez en l’eau iusques par dessus la teste ;” — “so the vain and foolish thoughts of the flesh cause us to stumble at every step in the midst of business, as if we were plunged in the water over the head.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-31" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-mat-14-003
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
베드로가 대답하여 이르되 주여 만일 주님이시거든 나를 명하사 물 위로 오라 하소서. 그가 제시하는 조건은 그의 믿음이 아직 완전히 안정되지 않았음을 보여준다. 그분이시라면 나를 오라 명하소서라고 그는 말한다. 그러나 그는 그리스도의 말씀을 들었다. 그렇다면 왜 아직도 의심과 당혹감 속에서 논쟁하는가? 그의 믿음이 너무나 작고 약하여, 잘 고려되지 않은 소원이 불꽃처럼 터져 나왔다. 그는 오히려 자신의 역량에 따라 자신을 판단하고, 그리스도께 믿음의 증가를 간구해야 했다. 그래야 믿음의 인도와 방향으로 바다와 산을 걸어 다닐 수 있었을 것이다. 그러나 이제 믿음의 날개도 없이 마음껏 날고자 한다. 그리고 그리스도의 목소리가 그의 마음에 마땅한 무게를 갖지 못하는데도, 물이 그의 발 아래 단단해지기를 원한다.
그럼에도 이 열망이 좋은 원칙에서 솟아났다는 것은 의심할 여지가 없다. 그러나 그것이 결함 있는 과잉으로 퇴락하므로, 좋다고 박수받을 수 없다. 따라서 베드로가 즉시 자신의 경솔함의 대가를 치르게 된다. 그러므로 신자들은 그의 본보기로 훈련받아 과도한 성급함을 삼가해야 한다. 주님께서 부르시는 곳 어디든 우리는 열심으로 달려가야 한다. 그러나 더 나아가는 자는 주님께서 정하신 경계를 뛰어넘는 것이 어떤 것인지 슬픈 결과에서 배울 것이다.
그러나 의문이 생긴다. 왜 그리스도께서 베드로의 소원에 응하시는가? 그렇게 하심으로써 그것을 승인하시는 것처럼 보이기 때문이다. 그러나 대답은 명백하다. 많은 경우에 하나님께서 우리의 요청을 거부하심으로써 우리의 이익을 더 잘 도모하신다. 그러나 때로는 우리에게 양보하시어, 경험으로 우리 자신의 어리석음을 더욱 충분히 확신하게 하신다. 이런 방식으로 그분을 믿는 이들에게 실제로 필요한 것 이상을 부여함으로써, 미래를 위해 그들을 절제와 분별로 훈련하신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-28-28(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
31절 카드 ↗
31. O man of little faith. While our Lord kindly preserves Peter, he does not connive at Peter’s fault. Such is the object of the chastisement administered, when Peter is blamed for the weakness of his faith. But a question arises, Does every kind of fear give evidence of a weakness of faith? for Christ’s words seem to imply that, where faith reigns, there is no room for doubt. (384) I reply: Christ reproves here that kind of doubt which was directly opposed to faith. A man may sometimes doubt without any fault on his part; and that is, when the word of the Lord does not speak with certainty on the matter. But the case was quite different with Peter, who had received an express command from Christ, and had already experienced his power, and yet leaves that twofold support, and falls into foolish and wicked fear. (384) “ Que Doute et Crainte ne peuvent avoir lieu ou la foy regne ;” — “that Doubt and Fear cannot have place where faith reigns.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-33" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-mat-14-003
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 즉시 손을 내밀어 그를 붙잡으시며 이르시되 믿음이 작은 자여 왜 의심하였느냐 하시고. 주님께서 베드로를 친절하게 보존하시면서도 그의 잘못을 눈감아주지 않으신다. 이런 것이 베드로가 믿음의 약함으로 책망받는 형벌의 목적이다. 그러나 의문이 생긴다. 모든 종류의 두려움이 믿음의 약함의 증거인가? 그리스도의 말씀이 두려움이 지배하는 곳에 의심이 있을 여지가 없음을 함축하는 것처럼 보이기 때문이다. 나는 대답한다. 그리스도께서 여기서 믿음에 직접 반대하는 그 종류의 의심을 책망하신다.
사람은 때로 자신의 잘못 없이 의심할 수 있다. 그것은 주님의 말씀이 그 문제에 대해 확실성 있게 말씀하지 않을 때다. 그러나 베드로의 경우는 전혀 달랐다. 그리스도에게서 명시적인 명령을 받았고, 이미 그분의 능력을 경험했음에도 불구하고 그 두 가지 지지를 떠나 어리석고 사악한 두려움에 빠져들었기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-31-31(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
33절 카드 ↗
33. They that were in the ship. I understand these words to refer not only to the disciples, but to the sailors and other passengers. So then those who had not yet declared that he was their Master, instantly acknowledge that he is the Son of God, and by this term render to him the honor of the Messiah. Though at that time this lofty mystery was not generally known, how God was to be manifested in the flesh, ( 1 Timothy 3:16 ,) yet as they had learned from the prophets, that he who was to be the Redeemer would be called the Son of God, those who under this designation proclaim the glory of Christ, declare their belief that he is the Christ. (385) (385) “ Declarent qu’ils croyent qu’il est le Christ et le Messins ;” — “declare that they believe that he is the Christ and the Messiah.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-34" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-mat-14-003
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
배에 있는 사람들이 예수께 절하며 이르되 진실로 하나님의 아들이로소이다. 이 말씀들이 제자들뿐만 아니라 선원들과 다른 승객들에게도 해당된다고 이해한다. 따라서 그분을 아직 자신들의 주님으로 선포하지 않은 이들도 즉시 그가 하나님의 아들임을 인정하고, 이 칭호로 메시아의 영예를 드렸다. 비록 그 당시 하나님께서 육신 안에 나타나시는 이 고귀한 신비가 일반적으로 알려지지 않았지만, 그들은 선지자들에게서 구원자로 불릴 분이 하나님의 아들이라 불릴 것임을 배웠다. 따라서 이 칭호로 그리스도의 영광을 선포하는 이들은 그가 그리스도라는 믿음을 선언하는 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-33-33(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
34절 카드 ↗
Matthew 14:34 . They came into the country of Gennesareth. The Evangelists give that designation to the country which borrowed its name from the lake, though it is uncertain if it was not rather the name of the country that was bestowed on the lake; but that is a matter of little consequence. Our chief business is, to attend to the object which the Evangelists have in view. It is, to show that the glory of Christ was attested not by one or by another miracle, but that this part of Judea was filled with innumerable proofs of it, the report of which might easily be carried to Jerusalem and to other towns in every direction. Hence we infer, that singularly base and wicked must have been the ingratitude of that nation which wickedly shut its eyes from perceiving, and even endeavored, as far as lay in its power, to extinguish the brightness of the divine glory which was exhibited before them. Our present business is, to perceive, amidst so large an assemblage of miracles, the reason why Christ came, which was, that he might offer himself as a physician to heal all the diseases of all men (387) For we must bear in mind what Matthew had formerly quoted from the Prophet Isaiah, ( Isaiah 53:4 ,) that in healing bodies he shadowed out something greater, namely, that he restores our souls to health, and that it is his peculiar office to remove spiritual diseases. (388) He is not now an inhabitant of the earth; but it is certain that, now that he is in heaven, he is authorized to bestow those favors of which he then exhibited a visible proof. Now as we labor under every kind of diseases till he heal us, let each of us not only present himself to him, but endeavor to bring others who need the same remedy. That they might touch the fringe. There is reason to believe that they were under the influence of some superstition, when they limited the grace of Christ to a touch of his robe; at least, they defrauded him of a part of his honor, since they did not expect any efficacy (389) to be derived from his bare word. But that he may not quench the smoking flax, ( Isaiah 42:3 ,) he accommodates himself to their ignorance. Yet there is nothing here that lends countenance to the views of those who seek the grace of God in wood, or nails, or robes; while Scripture expressly declares, that we have no right to form any conception respecting Christ but what is spiritual and consistent with his heavenly glory. The weakness of those who, not knowing that Christ is God, desired to make a nearer approach to him, was endured for a time. Now that he fills heaven and earth with the sweet savor of his grace, we must embrace—not with hands or eyes, but by faith—the salvation which he offers to us from heaven. (387) “ En guairissant toutes sortes de maladies en toutes personnes ;” — “by healing all kinds of diseases in all persons.” (388) See Harmony, vol. 1, p. 251. (389) “ Veu qu’ils n’esperoyent point de sentir aucun secours de sa vertu ;” — “since they did not hope to experience any relief from his power.” return to ' Top of Page ' Matthew Mat 13 Matthew Mat Matthew Mat 15 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Matthew 14". 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-14-004
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
저희가 건너가 게네사렛 땅에 이르니. 복음서 기자들은 호수에서 이름을 빌린 그 나라에 그 명칭을 부여한다. 비록 그 나라의 이름이 호수에 주어진 것인지 불확실하지만, 그것은 별로 중요하지 않다. 우리의 주된 관심사는 복음서 기자들이 의도하는 목적에 주의를 기울이는 것이다. 그 목적은 그리스도의 영광이 하나 또는 다른 기적에 의해서가 아니라, 유대의 이 지역이 그 보고가 예루살렘과 모든 방향으로 다른 도시들로 쉽게 전달될 수 있는 수많은 증거들로 가득 채워졌다는 것을 보여주기 위함이다.
이로부터 우리는 그 민족의 배은망덕이 얼마나 비열하고 사악했는지를 알게 된다. 그들 앞에서 드러난 신성한 영광의 광명을 사악하게 눈을 감아버렸고, 심지어 가능한 한 그것을 꺼버리려 했다. 우리의 현재 관심사는 그처럼 많은 기적들의 집합 속에서 그리스도께서 오신 이유를 인식하는 것이다. 그것은 모든 사람의 모든 질병을 고치는 의사로 자신을 제공하기 위함이었다. 선지자 이사야로부터 마태가 인용한 것을 기억해야 한다. 몸을 고치심으로써 그분은 더 큰 무언가를 그림자로 보여주셨다는 것을. 즉, 우리의 영혼을 건강하게 회복하시고, 영적 질병을 제거하는 것이 그분의 특별한 직무라는 것이.
그분은 이제 땅의 주민이 아니시다. 그러나 지금 하늘에 계시면서, 그분이 그때 가시적인 증거를 드러내셨던 그 은혜들을 베푸실 권한이 있음은 확실하다. 이제 그분이 우리를 고쳐주실 때까지 우리는 모든 종류의 질병으로 수고하므로, 우리 각자가 자신만 그분께 드리는 것이 아니라 같은 치료가 필요한 다른 이들을 데려오려 힘써야 한다.
그들이 그분의 옷 가에 손을 대기를 원하더라 — 그들이 그리스도의 옷에 대한 접촉으로 그분의 은혜를 한정지었을 때 어떤 미신의 영향 아래 있었던 것 같다. 적어도 그들은 그의 맨 말씀에서 어떤 효력도 기대하지 않았으므로 그분의 일부 영예를 빼앗은 것이다. 그러나 꺼져가는 심지를 끄지 않으시기 위해 그분은 자신을 그들의 무지에 맞추신다. 그럼에도 이것이 나무나 못이나 옷에서 하나님의 은혜를 구하는 이들의 견해를 지지하는 것은 아무것도 없다. 성경이 명시적으로 그리스도에 관해 그분의 하늘의 영광과 일치하는 영적인 것 외에 어떤 개념도 형성할 권리가 없다고 선언하는 동안.
그리스도가 하나님이심을 알지 못한 채 더 가까이 그분께 나아오려 한 이들의 약함이 잠시 동안 용납되었다. 이제 그분이 하늘과 땅을 자신의 은혜의 달콤한 향기로 가득 채우시므로, 우리는 손이나 눈이 아닌 믿음으로 하늘에서 그분이 우리에게 제공하시는 구원을 붙잡아야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-14-34-34(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역