1절 카드 ↗
Matthew 17:1 . And after six days. We must first inquire for what purpose Christ clothed himself with heavenly glory for a short time, and why he did not admit more than three of his disciples to be spectators. Some think that he did so, in order to fortify them against the trial which they were soon to meet with, arising from his death. That does not appear to me to be a probable reason; for why should he have deprived the rest of the same remedy, or rather, why does he expressly forbid them to make known what they had seen till after his resurrection, but because the result of the vision would be later than his death? I have no doubt whatever that Christ intended to show that he was not dragged unwillingly to death, but that he came forward of his own accord, to offer to the Father the sacrifice of obedience. The disciples were not made aware of this till Christ rose; nor was it even necessary that, at the very moment of his death, they should perceive the divine power of Christ, so as to acknowledge it to be victorious on the cross; but the instruction which they now received was intended to be useful at a future period both to themselves and to us, that no man might take offense at the weakness of Christ, as if it were by force and necessity that he had suffered. (477) It would manifestly have been quite as easy for Christ to protect his body from death as to clothe it with heavenly glory. We are thus taught that he was subjected to death, because he wished it to be so; that he was crucified, because he offered himself. That same flesh, which was sacrificed on the cross and lay in the grave, might have been exempted from death and the grave; for it had already partaken of the heavenly glory. We are also taught that, so long as Christ remained in the world, bearing the form of a servant, and so long as his majesty was concealed under the weakness of the flesh, nothing had been taken from him, for it was of his own accord that he emptied himself , ( Philippians 2:7 ;) but now his resurrection has drawn aside that veil by which his power had been concealed for a time. Our Lord reckoned it enough to select three witnesses , because that is the number which the Law has laid down for proving any thing; at the mouth of two witnesses or three witnesses, ( Deuteronomy 17:6 .) The difference as to time ought not to give us uneasiness. Matthew and Mark reckon six entire days , which had elapsed between the events. Luke says that it happened about eight days afterwards , including both the day on which Christ spake these words, and the day on which he was transfigured. We see then that, under a diversity of expression, there is a perfect agreement as to the meaning. (477) “ Comme si par force et contreinte il fust renu endurer la mort ;” — “as if by force and constraint he had come to suffer death.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
마태복음 17:1. 엿새 후에. 무엇보다 먼저 살펴야 할 것은, 그리스도께서 어떤 목적으로 잠시 하늘의 영광을 입으셨는지, 그리고 왜 세 제자만을 목격자로 허락하셨는지이다. 어떤 이들은 그리스도께서 이를 행하신 것이 제자들로 하여금 임박한 죽음의 시련에 대비하게 하기 위함이라고 생각한다. 그러나 나는 그것이 개연성 있는 이유라고 보지 않는다. 왜 나머지 제자들에게는 동일한 치료책을 허락하지 않으셨겠는가? 오히려 왜 그리스도께서는 부활 이후까지 그들이 본 것을 알리지 말라고 명백히 금하셨겠는가? 그것은 이 환상의 결과가 그분의 죽음 이후에 드러날 것이기 때문이다.
나는 그리스도께서 자신이 마지못해 죽음으로 끌려가신 것이 아니라, 순종의 제물을 아버지께 드리기 위해 자발적으로 나아가셨음을 보이고자 하셨다는 데 추호의 의심도 없다. 제자들은 그리스도께서 부활하실 때까지 이것을 알지 못했으며, 죽으시는 바로 그 순간에 그리스도의 신적 능력을 인식하여 그것이 십자가 위에서 승리함을 인정하는 것은 필요하지도 않았다. 그러나 그들이 지금 받은 교훈은 훗날 그들 자신과 우리 모두에게 유익하도록 의도된 것이었으니, 아무도 그리스도의 연약함에 걸려 넘어지지 않게 하기 위함이었다. 마치 그분이 강제와 필연에 의해 고난을 당하신 것처럼 여기지 않게 하려는 것이다. 그리스도께서 자신의 몸을 하늘의 영광으로 입히시는 것이 죽음에서 보호하시는 것만큼이나 쉬운 일이었을 것이다.
이로써 우리는 그분이 그것을 원하셨기 때문에 죽음에 복종하셨음을, 그분이 자신을 드리셨기 때문에 십자가에 못 박히셨음을 배운다. 십자가에서 희생되고 무덤에 누인 그 동일한 육신이 죽음과 무덤에서 면제될 수 있었으니, 이미 하늘의 영광에 참여했기 때문이다. 또한 우리는 그리스도께서 세상에 계시는 동안 종의 형체를 취하시고 그분의 위엄이 육체의 연약함 아래 감추어져 있는 동안, 그분에게서 아무것도 빼앗기지 않았음을 배운다. 왜냐하면 그분이 자발적으로 자기를 비우셨기 때문이다(빌립보서 2:7). 그러나 이제 그분의 부활이 잠시 감추어져 있던 그 권능을 가리던 베일을 걷어냈다.
우리 주님은 세 증인을 선택하는 것으로 충분하다고 여기셨으니, 이는 율법이 어떤 것을 증명하기 위해 정해 놓은 수이기 때문이다: "두 증인이나 세 증인의 증언으로"(신명기 17:6). 시간의 차이는 우리를 불안하게 해서는 안 된다. 마태와 마가는 그 사건들 사이에 경과한 꼭 엿새를 계산하고, 누가는 그리스도께서 이 말씀을 하신 날과 변화되신 날을 모두 포함하여 팔 일쯤 후라고 말한다. 따라서 우리는 표현의 다양성 아래서도 의미에 있어 완전한 일치가 있음을 알 수 있다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
2절 카드 ↗
2. And was transfigured before them. Luke says that this happened while he was praying; and from the circumstances of time and place, we may infer that he had prayed for what he now obtained, that in the brightness of an unusual form his Godhead might become visible; not that he needed to ask by prayer from another what he did not possess, or that he doubted his Father’s willingness, but because, during the whole course of his humiliation, he always ascribed to the Father whatever he did as a divine Person, and because he intended to excite us to prayer by his example. His transfiguration did not altogether enable his disciples to see Christ, as he now is in heaven, but gave them a taste of his boundless glory, such as they were able to comprehend. Then his face shone as the sun; but now he is far beyond the sun in brightness. In his raiment an unusual and dazzling whiteness appeared; but now without raiment a divine majesty shines in his whole body. Thus in ancient times God appeared to the holy fathers, not as He was in Himself, but so far as they could endure the rays of His infinite brightness; for John declares that not until they are like him will they see him as he is, ( 1 John 3:2 .) There is no necessity for entering here into ingenious inquiries as to the whiteness of his garments , or the brightness of his countenance; for this was not a complete exhibition of the heavenly glory of Christ, but, under symbols which were adapted to the capacity of the flesh, he enabled them to taste in part what could not be fully comprehended. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그들 앞에서 변형되사. 누가는 이 일이 그분이 기도하시는 동안 일어났다고 전한다. 시간과 장소의 정황으로 보아 우리는 그분이 지금 얻으신 것, 곧 특별한 형태의 밝음 가운데 그분의 신성이 가시적으로 드러나는 것을 기도로 구하셨음을 추론할 수 있다. 그분이 가지지 않은 것을 다른 이에게 기도로 구할 필요가 있었기 때문이 아니요, 아버지의 뜻을 의심했기 때문도 아니다. 다만 겸비하신 기간 전체에 걸쳐 그분은 신적 인격으로 행하신 모든 것을 아버지께 돌리셨고, 또한 그분의 본보기로 우리를 기도로 격려하고자 하셨기 때문이다.
그분의 변형은 제자들로 하여금 지금 하늘에 계신 그리스도를 있는 그대로 볼 수 있게 한 것이 아니라, 그들이 감당할 수 있는 범위 내에서 그분의 무한한 영광을 맛보게 한 것이었다. 그때 그분의 얼굴은 해같이 빛났으나, 지금은 그분이 밝음에 있어 해를 훨씬 능가하신다. 그분의 의복에는 특별하고 눈부신 흰빛이 나타났으나, 지금은 의복 없이 신적 위엄이 그분의 온몸에 빛난다.
그래서 옛적에 하나님은 거룩한 조상들에게 있는 그대로의 모습이 아니라, 그분의 무한한 밝음의 광선을 그들이 견딜 수 있는 만큼만 나타나셨다. 요한은 그들이 그분과 같아질 때까지는 그분을 있는 그대로 볼 수 없다고 선언한다(요한1서 3:2). 그분의 의복의 흰빛이나 얼굴의 밝음에 대해 교묘한 탐구를 여기서 할 필요는 없다. 이것은 그리스도의 하늘 영광에 대한 완전한 전시가 아니었으며, 육체의 능력에 맞게 조정된 상징들을 통해 완전히 파악할 수 없는 것을 부분적으로 맛보게 하신 것이었기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-2-2(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
3절 카드 ↗
3. And, lo, there appeared to them Moses and Elijah. It is asked, Were Moses and Elijah actually present? or was it only an apparition that was exhibited to the disciples, as the prophets frequently beheld visions of things that were absent? Though the subject admits, as we say, of arguments on both sides, yet I think it more probable that they were actually brought to that place. There is no absurdity in this supposition; for God has bodies and souls in his hand, and can restore the dead to life at his pleasure, whenever he sees it to be necessary. Moses and Elijah did not then rise on their own account, (478) but in order to wait upon Christ. It will next be asked, How came the apostles to know Moses and Elijah , whom they had never seen? The answer is easy. God, who brought them forward, gave also signs and tokens by which they were enabled to know them. It was thus by an extraordinary revelation that they obtained the certain knowledge that they were Moses and Elijah But why did these two appear rather than others who equally belonged to the company of the holy fathers? It was intended to demonstrate that Christ alone is the end of the Law and of the Prophets; and that single reason ought to satisfy us: for it was of the utmost importance to our faith that Christ did not come into our world without a testimony, but with commendations which God had formerly bestowed. I have no objection, however, to the reason which is commonly adduced, that Elijah was selected, in preference to others, as the representative of all the Prophets; because, though he left nothing in writing, yet next to Moses he was the most distinguished of their number, restored the worship of God which had been corrupted, and stood unrivaled in his exertions for vindicating the Law and true godliness, which was at that time almost extinct. And they conversed with Jesus. When they appeared along with Christ, and held conversation with him, this was a declaration of their being agreed. The subject on which they conversed is stated by Luke only: they talked of the decease which awaited Christ at Jerusalem This must not be understood to refer to them as private individuals, but rather to the commission which they had formerly received. Though it was now a long time since they had died and finished the course of their calling, yet our Lord intended once more to ratify by their voice what they had taught during their life, in order to inform us that the same salvation, through the sacrifice of Christ, is held out to us in common with the holy fathers. At the time when the ancient prophets uttered their predictions concerning the death of Christ, he himself, who was the eternal wisdom of God, was sitting on the invisible throne of his glory. Hence it follows that, when he was clothed in flesh, he was not liable to death any farther than as he submitted to it of his own free will. (478) “ Moise et Elie ne sont pas lors ressuscitez pour eux, et pour le regard de la resurrection derniere ;” — “Moses and Elijah did not then rise for themselves, and with respect to the last resurrection.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그런데 모세와 엘리야가 그들에게 나타나. 모세와 엘리야가 실제로 거기 있었는가, 아니면 선지자들이 멀리 있는 것들의 환상을 종종 보았던 것처럼 제자들에게 단지 환상이 보인 것인가? 이 주제는 양측 모두 논거가 있지만, 나는 그들이 실제로 그 장소에 데려와졌다고 보는 것이 더 개연성 있다고 생각한다. 하나님은 몸과 혼을 그분의 손에 쥐고 계시며, 필요하다고 보실 때마다 그분의 뜻대로 죽은 자를 살리실 수 있으니 여기에 불합리함은 없다. 모세와 엘리야는 자신들을 위해서가 아니라 그리스도를 섬기기 위해 거기 나타났다.
그다음으로 사도들이 어떻게 한 번도 본 적 없는 모세와 엘리야를 알아보았겠는가 하는 질문이 제기될 것이다. 답은 간단하다. 그들을 데려오신 하나님이 또한 그들을 알아볼 수 있는 표적과 증거도 주셨다. 이와 같이 특별한 계시를 통해 그들은 그 두 사람이 모세와 엘리야임을 확실히 알게 되었다. 그런데 거룩한 조상들의 무리에 동등하게 속한 다른 이들이 아니라 왜 이 두 사람이 나타났는가? 그것은 그리스도만이 율법과 선지서의 목적임을 나타내기 위함이었으니, 그 하나의 이유가 우리를 만족시켜야 마땅하다. 하나님이 이전에 베푸신 증언과 함께 그리스도께서 우리 세상에 오셨고 증거 없이 오신 것이 아님은 우리 믿음에 지극히 중요한 것이었기 때문이다.
그러나 일반적으로 제시되는 이유, 곧 엘리야가 모든 선지자들의 대표로서 다른 이들에 우선하여 선택되었다는 이유도 나는 반대하지 않는다. 비록 그가 아무것도 기록으로 남기지 않았지만 모세 다음으로 가장 탁월한 인물이었고, 부패한 하나님의 예배를 회복시켰으며, 당시 거의 소멸되어 가던 율법과 참된 경건을 수호하는 데 비길 데 없이 헌신했기 때문이다.
그들이 예수와 더불어 말하더라. 그들이 그리스도와 함께 나타나 그분과 대화한 것은 그들의 동의를 선언한 것이었다. 그들이 나눈 주제는 누가만이 기록하고 있다: 그들은 예루살렘에서 그리스도를 기다리는 별세에 대해 이야기했다. 이것은 사사로운 개인으로서가 아니라, 그들이 이전에 받은 사명에 관한 것으로 이해해야 한다. 그들이 죽고 자신들의 소명의 길을 마친 지 이미 오래되었지만, 우리 주님은 그들의 생애 동안 가르쳤던 것을 그들의 목소리로 다시 한번 확증하고자 하셨다. 이는 우리에게 알리기 위함이니, 그리스도의 희생을 통한 동일한 구원이 거룩한 조상들과 우리 공통으로 제시되어 있음을 나타내려는 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-3-3(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
4절 카드 ↗
4. Lord, it is good for us to be here. Luke tells us that Peter uttered these words while Moses and Elijah were departing; and hence we infer that he was afraid lest, at their departure, that pleasant and delightful exhibition should vanish away. We need not wonder that Peter was so captivated by the loveliness of what he beheld, as to lose sight of every other person, and rest satisfied with the mere enjoyment of it; as it is said in the psalm, In thy presence is fulnessess of joy, ( Psalms 16:11 .) But his desire was foolish; first, because he did not comprehend the design of the vision; secondly, because he absurdly put the servants on a level with their Lord; and, thirdly, he was mistaken in proposing to build fading tabernacles (479) for men who had been already admitted to the glory of heaven and of the angels. I have said that he did not understand the design of the vision; for, while he was hearing, from the mouth of Moses and Elijah , that the time of Christ’s death was at hand, he foolishly dreamed that his present aspect, which was temporary, would endure for ever. And what if the kingdom of Christ had been confined in this way to the narrow limits of twenty or thirty feet? Where would have been the redemption of the whole world? Where would have been the communication of eternal salvation? It was also highly absurd to conceive of Moses and Elijah as companions of the Son of God, as if it had not been proper that all should be reduced to a lower rank, that he alone may have the pre-eminence. And if Peter is satisfied with his present condition, why does he suppose that earthly supports were needed by those persons, the very sight of whom, he imagined, was enough to make him happy? Justly, therefore, is it stated by two of the Evangelists, that he knew not what he said; and Mark assigns the reason, that they were afraid; for God did not intend that the apostles should, at that time, derive any advantage from it beyond that of beholding for a moment, as in a bright mirror, the divinity of his Son. At a later period, he pointed out to them the fruit of the vision, and corrected the error of their judgment. What is stated by Mark must therefore mean, that Peter was carried away by frenzy, and spoke like a man who had lost his senses. (479) “ Des tabernacles terriens ;” — “earthly tabernacles.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
주님, 우리가 여기 있는 것이 좋사오니. 누가는 베드로가 모세와 엘리야가 떠나는 동안 이 말을 했다고 전한다. 이로 보아 우리는 그가 그들의 떠남과 함께 그 즐겁고 기쁜 광경이 사라질까봐 두려워했음을 추론할 수 있다. 베드로가 그 광경의 아름다움에 사로잡혀 다른 모든 것을 잊고 단순한 향유로 만족하게 된 것은 이상할 것이 없다. 시편에 이르기를, "주의 앞에는 기쁨이 충만함이라"(시편 16:11)고 했다.
그러나 그의 소원은 어리석었다. 첫째로 그는 환상의 목적을 이해하지 못했고, 둘째로 종들을 그들의 주님과 어리석게 동등하게 놓았으며, 셋째로 이미 하늘과 천사들의 영광에 들어간 사람들을 위해 덧없는 초막을 짓겠다고 제안한 것이 잘못이었다. 그가 환상의 목적을 이해하지 못했다고 말한 것은, 모세와 엘리야의 입에서 그리스도의 죽음의 때가 임박했다는 것을 듣고 있으면서도 일시적인 현재의 모습이 영원히 지속될 것이라고 어리석게 꿈꾸었기 때문이다.
만약 그리스도의 왕국이 이런 식으로 이십 삼십 피트의 좁은 한계에 갇혀 있었다면 어떻게 되었겠는가? 온 세상의 구속은 어디 있겠는가? 영원한 구원의 나눔은 어디 있겠는가? 또한 하나님의 아들의 동반자로 모세와 엘리야를 생각하는 것도 매우 불합리했다. 마치 모든 이가 더 낮은 위치로 낮아지고 그분만이 탁월한 것이 마땅하지 않은 것처럼 여긴 것이다. 따라서 두 복음서 기자가 그가 무슨 말을 하는지 알지 못했다고 기록한 것은 당연하다. 마가는 그들이 두려워했다는 이유를 덧붙인다. 하나님은 당시 사도들이 그의 아들의 신성을 밝은 거울 속에서 잠깐 바라보는 것 이상의 유익을 그 광경에서 얻도록 의도하지 않으셨기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-4-4(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
5절 카드 ↗
5. Lo, a bright cloud overshadowed them. Their eyes were covered by a cloud , in order to inform them, that they were not yet prepared for beholding the brightness of the heavenly glory. For, when the Lord gave tokens of his presence, he employed, at the same time, some coverings to restrain the arrogance of the human mind. So now, with the view of teaching his disciples a lesson of humility, he withdraws from their eyes the sight of the heavenly glory. This admonition is likewise addressed to us, that we may not seek to pry into the secrets which lie beyond our senses, but, on the contrary, that every man may keep within the limits of sobriety, according to the measure of his faith. In a word, this cloud ought to serve us as a bridle, that our curiosity may not indulge in undue wantonness. The disciples, too, were warned that they must return to their former warfare, and therefore must not expect a triumph before the time. And, lo, a voice from the cloud. It deserves our attention, that the voice of God was heard from the cloud , but that neither a body nor a face was seen. Let us therefore remember the warning which Moses gives us, that God has no visible shape, lest we should deceive ourselves by imagining that He resembled a man, ( Deuteronomy 4:15 .) There were, no doubt, various appearances under which God made himself known to the holy fathers in ancient times; but in all cases he refrained from using signs which might induce them to make for themselves idols. And certainly, as the minds of men are too strongly inclined to foolish imaginations, there was no necessity for throwing oil upon the flame. (480) This manifestation of the glory of God was remarkable above all others. When he makes a cloud to pass between Him and us, and invites us to himself by His voice, what madness is it to attempt to place Him before our eyes by a block of wood or of stone? Let us therefore endeavor to enter by faith alone, and not by the eyes of flesh, into that inaccessible light in which God dwells. The voice came from the cloud , that the disciples, knowing it to have proceeded from God, might receive it with due reverence. This is my beloved Son. I willingly concur with those who think that there is an implied contrast of Moses and Elijah with Christ, and that the disciples of God’s own Son are here charged to seek no other teacher. The word Son is emphatic, and raises him above servants. There are two titles here bestowed upon Christ, which are not more fitted to do honor to him than to aid our faith: a beloved Son , and a Master. The Father calls him my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased , and thus declares him to be the Mediator, by whom he reconciles the world to himself. When he enjoins us to hear him , he appoints him to be the supreme and only teacher of his Church. It was his design to distinguish Christ from all the rest, as we truly and strictly infer from those words, that by nature he was God’s only Son In like manner, we learn that he alone is beloved by the Father, and that he alone is appointed to be our Teacher, that in him all authority may dwell. But it will perhaps be objected, Does not God love angels and men? It is easy to reply, that the fatherly love of God, which is spread over angels and men, proceeds from him as its source. The Son is beloved by the Father, not so as to make other creatures the objects of his hatred, but so that he communicates to them what belongs to himself. There is a difference, no doubt, between our condition and that of the angels; for they never were alienated from God, and therefore needed not that he should reconcile them; while we are enemies on account of sin, till Christ procure for us his favor. Still, it is a fixed principle that God is gracious to both, only so far as he embraces us in Christ; for even the angels would not be firmly united to God if Christ were not their Head. It may also be observed that, since the Father here speaks of himself as different from the Son, there is a distinction of persons; for they are one in essence and alike in glory. Hear him. I mentioned a little ago, that these words were intended to draw the attention of the Church to Christ as the only Teacher, that on his mouth alone it may depend. For, though Christ came to maintain the authority of the Law and the Prophets , ( Matthew 5:17 ,) yet he holds the highest rank, so that, by the brightness of his gospel, he causes those sparks which shone in the Old Testament to disappear. He is the Sun of righteousness, whose arrival brought the full light of day. And this is the reason why the Apostle says ( Hebrews 1:1 ) that God, who at sundry times and in various ways spoke formerly by the Prophets, hath in these last days spoken to us by his beloved Son. In short, Christ is as truly heard at the present day in the Law and in the Prophets as in his Gospel; so that in him dwells the authority of a Master , which he claims for himself alone, saying, One is your Master , even Christ , ( Matthew 23:8 .) But his authority is not fully acknowledged, unless all the tongues of men are silent. If we would submit to his doctrine, all that has been invented by men must be thrown down and destroyed. He is every day, no doubt, sending out teachers, but it is to state purely and honestly what they have learned from him, and not to corrupt the gospel by their own additions. In a word, no man can be regarded a faithful teacher of the Church, unless he be himself a disciple of Christ, and bring others to be taught by him. (480) “ Il n’estoit ia besoin de ietter de l’huile au feu pour enflamber davantage le mal ;” — “there was no necessity for throwing oil on the fire to inflame the evil still more.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
빛난 구름이 그들을 덮더니. 그들의 눈이 구름으로 가려진 것은, 그들이 아직 하늘 영광의 밝음을 바라볼 준비가 되어 있지 않음을 알리기 위함이었다. 주님이 자신의 임재의 표적을 주실 때 동시에 인간 정신의 오만을 억제하기 위한 덮개를 사용하셨기 때문이다. 이와 같이 이제 제자들에게 겸손의 교훈을 가르치기 위해 하늘 영광의 광경을 그들의 눈에서 거두어 가셨다.
이 권면은 우리에게도 전해진다. 우리가 우리의 감각을 넘어서는 비밀을 캐내려 하지 말고, 오히려 각 사람이 자기 믿음의 분량에 따라 절제의 한계 안에 머물게 하려는 것이다. 요약하면 이 구름은 우리의 호기심이 지나친 방종을 탐닉하지 않도록 우리에게 굴레가 되어야 한다. 또한 제자들은 예전의 싸움으로 돌아가야 하며, 따라서 때가 되기 전에 승리를 기대해서는 안 됨을 경고받았다.
그때 구름에서 소리가 나서. 하나님의 음성이 구름에서 들렸지만 몸이나 얼굴은 보이지 않았다는 것은 주목할 만하다. 그러므로 우리는 모세가 주는 경고를 기억하자. 하나님은 가시적인 형체가 없으시다는 것, 우리가 그분이 사람을 닮았다고 상상하여 스스로 속지 않게 하라는 것이다(신명기 4:15).
이는 내 사랑하는 아들이요. 나는 여기서 모세와 엘리야가 그리스도와 암묵적으로 대조되고, 하나님의 아들의 제자들이 다른 교사를 구하지 말라는 명령을 받는다고 생각하는 사람들의 견해에 기꺼이 동의한다. "아들"이라는 단어는 강조적이며 그분을 종들 위에 올려놓는다. 여기서 그리스도에게 두 가지 칭호가 주어지는데, 이것은 그분을 영예롭게 하는 데뿐만 아니라 우리의 믿음을 돕는 데도 적합하다: 사랑하는 아들, 그리고 스승.
아버지는 그분을 내 사랑하는 아들, 내가 기뻐하는 자라 부르시며, 이로써 그분이 중보자임을, 곧 아버지가 그를 통해 세상을 자신과 화해시키신다는 것을 선언하신다. 그분을 들으라고 명하실 때 그분을 교회의 최고이자 유일한 교사로 세우신다. 하나님의 의도는 그리스도를 다른 모든 이와 구별하는 것이었으니, 우리는 진실로 엄밀하게 그 말씀에서, 그분이 본질적으로 하나님의 독생자이심을 추론한다. 마찬가지로 우리는 그분만이 아버지로부터 사랑받으시며, 그분만이 우리의 교사로 임명되셨음을 배우니, 그 안에 모든 권위가 거하게 하려는 것이다.
그의 말을 들으라. 이 말씀이 교회의 주의를 유일한 교사이신 그리스도께 이끌어 그분의 입만을 의존하게 하려는 의도임을 조금 전에 언급했다. 그리스도께서 율법과 선지서의 권위를 유지하기 위해 오셨지만(마태복음 5:17), 그분은 최고의 지위를 가지시므로 그분의 복음의 밝음으로 구약성경에서 빛나던 그 불꽃들을 사라지게 하신다. 그분은 의의 태양이시며, 그분의 오심이 낮의 완전한 빛을 가져왔다.
이것이 사도가 말한 이유이다(히브리서 1:1): 옛적에 여러 부분과 여러 모양으로 선지자들을 통해 말씀하신 하나님이 이 마지막 날에 사랑하는 아들을 통해 우리에게 말씀하셨다. 요약하면 그리스도는 지금도 복음 안에서와 마찬가지로 율법과 선지서 안에서 참으로 들리신다. 그래서 그분 안에 스승의 권위가 거하며, 그분은 이것을 자신을 위해서만 주장하시며 말씀하신다: "너희의 스승은 한 분이시니 곧 그리스도시니라"(마태복음 23:8). 그러나 그분의 권위는 모든 사람의 혀가 침묵할 때까지 완전히 인정되지 않는다. 만약 우리가 그분의 교훈에 복종하고자 한다면, 사람들이 발명한 모든 것은 무너지고 허물어져야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-5-5(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
6절 카드 ↗
6. And having heard this God intended that the disciples should be struck with this terror, in order to impress more fully on their hearts the remembrance of the vision. Yet we see how great is the weakness of our nature, which trembles in this manner at hearing the voice of God. If ungodly men mock at God, or despise him without concern, it is because God does not address them so as to cause his presence to be felt; but the majesty of God, as soon as we perceive him, must unavoidably cast us down. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
제자들이 듣고. 하나님은 제자들이 이 두려움으로 충격을 받도록 의도하셨으니, 이는 환상의 기억을 그들의 마음에 더욱 깊이 새기기 위함이었다. 그러나 우리는 하나님의 음성을 들었을 때 이렇게 떠는 우리 본성의 연약함이 얼마나 큰지를 본다. 만약 불경건한 자들이 하나님을 비웃거나 아무 걱정 없이 그분을 멸시한다면, 그것은 하나님이 자신의 임재를 느낄 수 있게 그들에게 말씀하시지 않기 때문이다. 그러나 우리가 그분을 인식하는 순간 하나님의 위엄은 필연적으로 우리를 엎드러지게 해야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-6-6(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
7절 카드 ↗
7. Then Jesus approaching touched them. Christ raises them up when they had fallen, and by so doing performs his office; for he came down to us for this very purpose, that by his guidance believers might boldly enter into the presence of God, and that his majesty, which otherwise would swallow up all flesh, might no longer fill them with terror. Nor is it only by his words that he comforts, but by touching also that he encourages them. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-8" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
예수께서 가까이 오사 그들에게 손을 대시며. 그리스도는 그들이 엎드러졌을 때 일으키시며 그분의 직무를 수행하신다. 그분이 우리에게 내려오신 것은 바로 이 목적을 위함이었으니, 믿는 자들이 그분의 인도로 담대히 하나님의 임재로 들어가게 하시고, 그렇지 않으면 모든 육체를 삼킬 그분의 위엄이 더 이상 그들을 두려움으로 가득 채우지 않게 하려는 것이다. 그분은 말씀으로만 위로하시지 않고 만지심으로도 그들을 격려하신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-7-7(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
8절 카드 ↗
8. They saw no man but Jesus only. When it is said that in the end they saw Christ alone , this means that the Law and the Prophets had a temporary glory, that Christ alone might remain fully in view. If we would properly avail ourselves of the aid of Moses, we must not stop with him, but must endeavor to be conducted by his hand to Christ, of whom both he and all the rest are ministers. This passage may also be applied to condemn the superstitions of those who confound Christ not only with prophets and apostles, but with saints of the lowest rank, in such a manner as to make him nothing more than one of their number. But when the saints of God are eminent in graces, it is for a totally different purpose than that they should defraud Christ of a part of his honor, and appropriate it to themselves. In the disciples themselves we may see the origin of the mistake; for so long as they were terrified by the majesty of God, their minds wandered in search of men, but when Christ gently raised them up, they saw him alone If we are made to experience that consolation by which Christ relieves us of our fears, all those foolish affections, which distract us on every hand, will vanish away. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
오직 예수 외에는 아무도 보이지 아니하더라. 결국 그들이 그리스도만을 보았다고 말할 때, 이것은 율법과 선지서가 잠시의 영광을 가졌으며, 그것은 그리스도만이 충분히 그들의 시야에 남게 하기 위함임을 의미한다. 만약 우리가 모세의 도움을 적절히 활용하고자 한다면, 우리는 그에게 머물지 말고, 그와 다른 모든 이들이 종으로 섬기는 그리스도께로 그의 손에 이끌려 나아가도록 힘써야 한다.
이 구절은 또한 선지자들과 사도들뿐만 아니라 가장 낮은 등급의 성인들과도 그리스도를 혼동하여 그분을 그들 중의 하나에 불과하게 만드는 자들의 미신을 정죄하는 데도 적용될 수 있다. 그러나 하나님의 성인들이 은혜에서 탁월한 것은, 그들이 그리스도의 영광의 일부를 빼앗아 자신들에게 전유해야 하기 때문이 아닌 전혀 다른 목적을 위한 것이다.
제자들 자신에게서도 그 실수의 기원을 볼 수 있다. 그들이 하나님의 위엄에 두려워하는 동안은 마음이 사람들을 찾아 헤맸지만, 그리스도께서 온유하게 그들을 일으키셨을 때 그분만을 보았다. 만약 우리가 그리스도께서 우리의 두려움을 덜어주시는 그 위로를 경험하게 된다면, 사방에서 우리를 산란하게 하는 그 모든 어리석은 애착은 사라질 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-8-8(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
9절 카드 ↗
Matthew 17:9 . And as they were going down from the mountain. We have said that the time for making known the vision was not yet fully come; and, indeed, the disciples would not have believed it, if Christ had not given a more striking proof of his glory in his resurrection. But after that his divine power had been openly displayed, that temporary exhibition of his glory began to be admitted, so as to make it fully evident that, even during the time that he emptied himself , ( Philippians 2:7 ,) he continued to retain his divinity entire, though it was concealed under the veil of the flesh. There are good reasons, therefore, why he enjoins his disciples to keep silence, till he be risen from the dead. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
마태복음 17:9. 그들이 산에서 내려올 때. 환상을 알릴 때가 아직 충분히 오지 않았다고 말했다. 실제로 그리스도께서 부활 가운데 그분의 영광에 대한 더욱 놀라운 증거를 주시지 않았다면 제자들은 그것을 믿지 않았을 것이다. 그러나 그분의 신적 능력이 공개적으로 나타난 후에는 그 영광의 일시적인 전시가 인정받기 시작했으니, 그분이 자기를 비우셨던(빌립보서 2:7) 기간에도 그분의 신성이 육체의 베일 아래 감추어진 채 온전히 보존되어 있었음이 충분히 명백해졌다. 따라서 그분이 제자들에게 자신이 죽은 자 가운데서 살아날 때까지 침묵을 지키라고 명하시는 데는 충분한 이유가 있다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-9-9(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
10절 카드 ↗
10. And his disciples asked him, saying. No sooner is the resurrection mentioned than the disciples imagine that the reign of Christ is commenced; (482) for they explain this word to mean that the world would acknowledge him to be the Messiah. That they imagined the resurrection to be something totally different from what Christ meant, is evident from what is stated by Mark, that they disputed with each other what was the meaning of that expression which he had used, To rise from the dead Perhaps, too, they were already under the influence of that dream which is now held as an undoubted oracle among the Rabbins, that there would be a first and a second coming of the Messiah; that in the first he would be mean and despised, but that this would be shortly afterwards followed by his royal dignity. And, indeed, there is some plausibility in that error, for it springs from a true principle. The Scripture, too, speaks of a first and a second coming of the Messiah; for it promises that he will be a Redeemer, to expiate by his sacrifice the sins of the world (483) And such is the import of the following prophecies: Rejoice, daughter of Zion, behold, thy King cometh, poor, sitting on an ass, ( Zechariah 9:9 .) We beheld him, and he had no form or beauty, and he resembled a leper, so that we had no esteem for him, ( Isaiah 53:3 .) Again, Scripture represents him as victorious over death, and as subjecting all things to his dominion. But we see how the Rabbins corrupt the pure word of God by their inventions; and as every thing was greatly corrupted in the time of our Lord, it is probable that the people had also embraced this foolish notion. Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first? The gross mistakes which they committed as to the person of Elijah have been pointed out on two or three occasions. (484) Perhaps, too, they cunningly and wickedly endeavored to lessen the authority of Christ by bringing forward Elijah; for as it had been promised that Elijah would come as the forerunner of Messiah, to prepare the way before him , ( Malachi 3:1 ,) it was easy to excite a prejudice against Christ, by saying that he came unaccompanied by Elijah By a trick closely resembling this, the devil enchants the Papists of the present day not to expect the day of judgment till Elijah and Enoch have appeared. (485) It may not usually be conjectured that this expedient was purposely resorted to by the scribes, in order to represent Christ as unworthy of confidence, because he wanted the legitimate badge of the Messiah. (482) “ Ils imaginent que c’est l’entree du regne de Christ, et leur semble qu’ils y sont desia ;” — “they imagine that it is the commencement of the kingdom of Christ, and think that they are already in it.” (483) “ Faisant par son sacrifice satisfaction pour les pechez du monde ;” — “making satisfaction by his sacrifice for the sins of the world.” (484) Among other passages in which our Author has treated of the erroneous notions entertained by the Jews respecting Elijah , the reader may consult his Commentary on John 1:21, 25. — Ed . (485) “ Iusques a ce qu’on voye Elie et Henoch retourner en ce monde ;” — “till Elijah and Enoch are seen returning to this world.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
제자들이 물어 이르되. 부활이 언급되자마자 제자들은 그리스도의 통치가 시작되었다고 생각한다. 왜냐하면 그들은 이 말씀을 세상이 그분을 메시아로 인정할 것이라는 뜻으로 해석하기 때문이다. 그들이 그리스도의 말씀과 전혀 다른 것으로 부활을 상상했다는 것은 마가의 기록에서 명백히 드러나니, 그들이 그분이 사용하신 표현 "죽은 자 가운데서 살아나는 것"이 무슨 뜻인지 서로 토론했다고 한다.
왜 서기관들은 엘리야가 먼저 와야 한다고 말하느냐? 그들이 엘리야의 인격에 대해 저지른 심각한 오류는 두세 차례 지적된 바 있다. 아마도 그들은 교활하고 사악하게 엘리야를 내세워 그리스도의 권위를 약화시키려 했을 것이다. 엘리야가 메시아의 선구자로 와서 그 앞에 길을 예비할 것이라고 약속되었기 때문에(말라기 3:1), 그리스도께서 엘리야 없이 오셨다고 말하여 그분에 대한 편견을 일으키는 것은 쉬운 일이었다. 서기관들이 그리스도가 메시아의 합법적인 표지를 갖추지 못했기 때문에 신뢰할 자격이 없다고 표현하기 위해 이 방책을 고의로 사용했을 것이라는 것은 통상적으로 추측할 수 있다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-10-10(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
11절 카드 ↗
11. Elijah indeed will come first. We have stated elsewhere the origin of that error which prevailed among the Jews. As John the Baptist was to resemble Elijah by restoring the fallen condition of the Church, the prophet Malachi ( Malachi 4:5 ) had even given to him the name of Elijah; and this had been rashly interpreted by the scribes, as if Elijah the Tishbite ( 1 Kings 17:1 ) were to return a second time to the world. Christ now declares that every thing which Malachi uttered was true, but that his prediction had been misunderstood and distorted from its true meaning. “The promise,” says he, “that Eliah would come was true, and has been already fulfilled; but the scribes have already rejected Elijah, whose name they idly and falsely plead in opposing me.” And will restore all things. This does not mean that John the Baptist restored them perfectly, but that he conveyed and handed them over to Christ, who would complete the work which he had begun. Now as the scribes had shamefully rejected John, Christ reminds his disciples that the impostures of such men ought not to give them uneasiness, and that it ought not to be reckoned strange, if, after having rejected the servant, they should, with equal disdain, reject his Master. And that no one might be distressed by a proceeding so strange, our Lord mentions that the Scripture contained predictions of both events, that the Redeemer of the world, and Elijah his forerunner, would be rejected by false and wicked teachers. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-17" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
엘리야가 과연 먼저 올 것이라. 유대인들 사이에 널리 퍼진 그 오류의 기원에 대해서는 다른 곳에서 말한 바 있다. 요한 세례자가 무너진 교회의 상태를 회복함으로써 엘리야와 같아야 했으므로, 말라기 선지자(말라기 4:5)는 심지어 그에게 엘리야라는 이름을 주었다. 그런데 서기관들은 이것을 성급하게 해석하여 디셉 사람 엘리야(열왕기상 17:1)가 두 번째로 세상에 돌아오는 것처럼 이해했다.
이제 그리스도는 말라기가 말한 모든 것이 참이었지만 그의 예언이 잘못 이해되고 참된 의미에서 왜곡되었다고 선언하신다. "엘리야가 올 것이라는 약속은 참이었고 이미 성취되었다. 그러나 서기관들은 나를 반대하는 데 쓸모없이 거짓되게 내세우는 엘리야를 이미 거부했다." 그리고 만물을 회복하리라. 이것은 요한 세례자가 그것들을 완전하게 회복했다는 뜻이 아니라, 그가 시작한 일을 완성할 그리스도께 전달하고 넘겨주었다는 것이다.
이제 서기관들이 요한을 수치스럽게 거부했으므로 그리스도는 제자들에게 그런 사람들의 속임수가 그들을 불안하게 해서는 안 된다는 것을, 그리고 종을 거부한 후 동일한 경멸로 그 주인을 거부하는 것이 이상하게 여겨져서는 안 됨을 상기시킨다. 그리고 그토록 이상한 일로 아무도 고통받지 않도록, 우리 주님은 성경이 두 사건 모두, 곧 세상의 구속자와 그분의 선구자 엘리야가 거짓되고 사악한 교사들에게 거부당할 것이라는 예언을 담고 있음을 언급하신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-11-11(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
17절 카드 ↗
Matthew 17:17 . O unbelieving and rebellious nation. Though Christ appears to direct his discourse to the father of the lunatic , yet there can be no doubt that he refers to the scribes, as I have lately explained; for it is certain that the reproof is directed, not against ignorant and weak persons, but against those who, through inveterate malice, obstinately resist God. This is the reason why Christ declares that they are no longer worthy to be endured, and threatens that ere long he will separate from them. But nothing worse could happen to them than that Christ should leave them, and it was no light reproach that they rejected so disdainfully the grace of their visitation. We must also observe here, that we ought to treat men in various ways, each according to his natural disposition. For, while our Lord attracts to him the teachable by the utmost mildness, supports the weak, and gently arouses even the sluggish, he does not spare those crooked serpents, on whom he perceives that no remedies can effect a cure. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
마태복음 17:17. 믿음이 없고 패역한 세대여. 그리스도께서 간질 들린 아이의 아버지에게 말씀을 돌리는 것처럼 보이지만, 방금 설명한 대로 서기관들을 가리키신 것임에 틀림없다. 이 책망이 무지하고 연약한 사람들을 향한 것이 아니라, 뿌리 깊은 악의로 하나님께 완고하게 저항하는 자들을 향한 것임이 분명하기 때문이다. 이것이 그리스도께서 그들이 더 이상 참을 가치가 없다고 선언하시고 머지않아 그들을 떠나겠다고 위협하시는 이유이다.
그러나 그리스도께서 그들을 떠나시는 것보다 더 나쁜 일은 그들에게 일어날 수 없었고, 그들이 그들의 방문의 은혜를 그렇게 경멸스럽게 거부한 것은 가벼운 책망이 아니었다. 또한 여기서 우리는 각 사람의 자연적 성향에 따라 다양한 방식으로 사람들을 대해야 한다는 것을 주목해야 한다. 우리 주님이 가르침을 받을 수 있는 자들을 극도의 온유함으로 이끌고, 연약한 자를 붙들며, 심지어 게으른 자도 부드럽게 깨우시면서도, 어떤 치료도 효과를 낼 수 없다고 보시는 그 비뚤어진 뱀들을 아끼지 않으신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-17-17(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
19절 카드 ↗
Matthew 17:19 . Then the disciples coming. The disciples wonder that the power which they once possessed has been taken from them; but they had lost it by their own fault. Christ therefore attributes this want of ability to their unbelief, and repeats and illustrates more largely the statement which he had previously made, that nothing is impossible to faith It is a hyperbolical mode of expression, no doubt, when he declares that faith removes trees and mountains; but the meaning amounts to this, that God will never forsake us, if we keep the door open for receiving his grace. He does not mean that God will give us every thing that we may mention, or that may strike our minds at random. On the contrary, as nothing is more at variance with faith than the foolish and irregular desires of our flesh, it follows that those in whom faith reigns do not desire every thing without discrimination, but only that which the Lord promises to give. Let us therefore maintain such moderation as to desire nothing beyond what he has promised to us, and to confine our prayers within that rule which he has laid down. But it may be objected, that the disciples did not know whether or not the Lord was pleased to cure the lunatic It is easy to reply, that it was their own fault if they did not know; for Christ is now speaking expressly about special faith , which had its secret instincts, as the circumstances of the case required. And this is the faith of which Paul speaks, ( 1 Corinthians 12:9 .) How then came it that the apostles were deprived of the power of the Spirit, which they had formerly exercised in working miracles, but because they had quenched it by their indolence? But what Christ said about special faith , in reference to this particular event, may be extended to the common faith of the whole Church. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-21" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-004
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
마태복음 17:19. 제자들이 조용히 나아와. 제자들은 한때 소유했던 능력이 자신들에게서 사라진 것을 이상히 여긴다. 그러나 그들이 그것을 잃은 것은 자신들의 잘못 때문이었다. 그러므로 그리스도는 이 무능함을 그들의 불신앙 탓으로 돌리시고, 이전에 하셨던 말씀, 곧 믿음에는 불가능한 것이 없다는 것을 반복하시고 더 크게 설명하신다.
그분이 믿음이 나무와 산을 옮긴다고 선언할 때 그것은 과장적인 표현임에 틀림없다. 그러나 그 의미는, 만약 우리가 그분의 은혜를 받기 위한 문을 열어 놓으면 하나님은 결코 우리를 저버리지 않으실 것이라는 것이다. 그분은 우리가 언급하는 것이나 무작위로 우리 마음에 떠오르는 것을 무엇이든 주신다는 뜻이 아니다. 반대로, 믿음만큼 육체의 어리석고 무질서한 욕망과 상반되는 것은 없으므로, 믿음이 다스리는 자들은 무분별하게 모든 것을 원하지 않고 오직 주님이 주시겠다고 약속하신 것만을 원한다는 것이 따라온다.
따라서 우리는 그분이 우리에게 약속하신 것 이상을 원하지 않고, 그분이 정해 주신 규칙 안에 우리의 기도를 한정하는 절제를 유지하자. 그러나 제자들이 그 간질 들린 자를 치유하는 것이 주님의 뜻인지 아닌지를 알았겠느냐는 반론이 제기될 수 있다. 대답하기는 쉽다: 만약 그들이 알지 못했다면 그것은 그들 자신의 잘못이었다. 그리스도께서 지금 명백히 특별한 믿음에 대해 말씀하시기 때문이며, 그 믿음은 상황이 요구하는 대로 은밀한 본능을 가지고 있었다. 이것이 바울이 말하는 믿음이다(고린도전서 12:9). 그렇다면 사도들이 이전에 기적을 행하는 데 발휘했던 성령의 능력을 어떻게 빼앗겼는가? 그것은 그들이 태만으로 그것을 소멸시켰기 때문이 아닌가?
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-19-19(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
21절 카드 ↗
21. This kind goeth not out , (492) By this expression Christ reproved the negligence of certain persons, in order to inform them that it was not an ordinary faith which was required; for otherwise they might have replied that they were not altogether destitute of faith The meaning therefore is, that it is not every kind of faith that will suffice, when we have to enter into a serious conflict with Satan, but that vigorous efforts are indispensably necessary. For the weakness of faith he prescribes prayer as a remedy, to which he adds fasting by way of an auxiliary. “You are effeminate exorcist,” said he, “and seem as if you were engaged in a mock-battle got up for amusement; (493) but you have to deal with a powerful adversary, who will not yield till the battle has been fought out. Your faith must therefore be excited by prayer , and as you are slow and languid in prayer , you must resort to fasting as an assistance.” (494) Hence it is very evident how absurdly the Papists represent fasting to be the specific method of driving away devils, since our Lord refers to it for no other reason than to stimulate the earnestness of prayer. When he says that this kind of devils cannot be cast out in any other way than by prayer and fasting, he means that, when Satan has taken deep root in any one, and has been confirmed by long possession, or when he rages with unbridled fury, the victory is difficult and painful, and therefore the contest must be maintained with all our might. (492) “ Cest espece [de diablos] ne sort point ;” — “this kind [of devils] goeth not out.” (493) “ Vous y venez ainsi qu’a un combat de petits enfans, et comme s’il n’estoit question que de s’escarmoucher pour passe-temps .” — “You come to it as if it were to a fight of little children, and as if you had nothing to do but to skirmish for amusement.” (494) “ Comme une aide pour vous exciter et enflamber ;” — “as an assistance to excite and inflame you.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-22" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-004
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
이런 류의 귀신은 나가지 아니하느니라. 그리스도께서 이 표현으로 어떤 이들의 태만을 책망하신 것은, 평범한 믿음으로는 충분하지 않다는 것을 그들에게 알리기 위함이었다. 그렇지 않으면 그들은 자신들이 믿음이 전혀 없지는 않다고 대답할 수 있었을 것이기 때문이다. 따라서 의미는, 사탄과의 진지한 싸움에 임해야 할 때 모든 종류의 믿음이 충분한 것은 아니며, 강력한 노력이 필수적으로 필요하다는 것이다.
믿음의 연약함을 위해 그분은 기도를 처방으로 제시하시고, 거기에 금식을 보조물로 덧붙이신다. "너희는 연약한 귀신 축출자들이니 마치 오락을 위해 꾸며진 모의 전투에 참여한 것처럼 행동하는 것 같다. 그러나 너희는 강력한 대적을 상대해야 하니, 싸움이 끝까지 진행되지 않으면 그가 굴복하지 않을 것이다. 그러므로 너희 믿음이 기도로 격려받아야 하며, 기도에 느리고 나태하니 금식을 보조물로 삼아야 한다."
따라서 교황주의자들이 금식을 마귀를 쫓아내는 특별한 방법으로 제시하는 것이 얼마나 어리석은지가 매우 분명히 드러난다. 우리 주님은 기도의 진지함을 자극하기 위한 것 외에 다른 이유로 금식을 언급하지 않으셨기 때문이다. 그분이 이런 류의 귀신은 기도와 금식 외에는 다른 방법으로는 나가지 않는다고 말씀하실 때, 사탄이 어떤 사람 안에 깊이 뿌리를 내리고 오랜 점령으로 확고해졌거나 방종한 분노로 사나울 때, 승리가 어렵고 고통스러우며, 따라서 싸움이 우리의 모든 힘으로 유지되어야 함을 의미한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-21-21(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
22절 카드 ↗
Matthew 17:22 . And while they remained in Galilee. The nearer that the time of his death approached, the more frequently did Christ warn his disciples, lest that melancholy spectacle might give a violent shock to their faith. It was shortly after the miracle had been performed that this discourse was delivered; for Mark says that he went from that place to Galilee, in order to spend there the intervening time in privacy; for he had resolved to come to Jerusalem on the day of the annual sacrifice, because he was to be sacrificed at the approaching Passover. The disciples had previously received several intimations on this subject, and yet they are as much alarmed as if nothing relating to it had ever reached their ears. So great is the influence of preconceived opinion, that it brings darkness over the mind in the midst of the clearest light. The apostles had imagined that the state of Christ’s kingdom would be prosperous and delightful, and that, as soon as he made himself known, he would be universally received with the highest approbation. They never thought it possible that the priests, and scribes, and other rulers of the Church, would oppose him. Under the influence of this prejudice, they admit nothing that is said on the other side; for Mark says that they understood not what our Lord meant. Whence came it that a discourse so clear and distinct was not understood, but because their minds were covered by the thick veil of a foolish imagination? They did not venture to make any farther inquiry. This must have been owing, in part, to their reverence for their Master; but I have no doubt that their grief and astonishment at what they had heard kept them silent. Such bashfulness was not altogether commendable; for it kept them in doubt, and hesitation, and sinful grief. In the meantime, a confused principle of piety, rather than a clear knowledge of the truth, kept them attached to Christ, and prevented them from leaving his school. A certain commencement of faith and right understanding had been implanted in their hearts, which made their zeal in following Christ not very different from the implicit faith of the Papists; but as they had not yet made such progress as to become acquainted with the nature of the kingdom of God and of the renewal which had been promised in Christ, I say that they were guided by zeal for piety rather than by distinct knowledge. In this way we come to see what there was in them that deserved praise or blame. But though their stupidity could not entirely be excused, we have no reason to wonder that a plain and distinct announcement of the cross of their Master, and of the ignominy to which he would be subjected, appeared to them a riddle; not only because they reckoned it to be inconsistent with the glory of the Son of God that he should be rejected and condemned, but because it appeared to them to be highly improbable that the grace which was promised in a peculiar manner to the Jews should be set at naught by the rulers of the nation. But as the immoderate dread of the cross, which had suddenly seized upon them, shut the door against the consolation which was immediately added, arising out of the hope of the resurrection, let us learn that, when the death of Christ is mentioned, we ought always to take into view at once the whole of the three days, that his death and burial may lead us to a blessed triumph and to a new life. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-24" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-005
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
마태복음 17:22. 그들이 갈릴리에 모일 때. 그분의 죽음의 때가 가까울수록 그리스도는 제자들을 더 자주 경고하셨으니, 그 슬픈 광경이 그들의 믿음에 강한 충격을 주지 않게 하기 위함이었다. 이 말씀은 그 기적이 행해진 직후에 전해진 것이었다. 마가는 그분이 그 곳에서 갈릴리로 가서 그 사이 시간을 사적으로 보내셨다고 말한다. 왜냐하면 그분은 연례 제사 날에 예루살렘에 오시기로 결정하셨으니, 다가오는 유월절에 희생되실 것이었기 때문이다.
제자들은 이 주제에 대해 이전에 여러 차례 알림을 받았지만, 마치 이에 관해 아무것도 들어본 적이 없는 것처럼 당혹해한다. 미리 형성된 의견의 영향력이 매우 강하여 가장 밝은 빛 한가운데서도 마음에 어둠을 가져오는 것이다.
사도들은 그리스도의 왕국이 번영하고 기쁠 것이며, 그분이 자신을 알리시는 즉시 보편적으로 최고의 찬사로 영접받을 것이라고 상상했다. 이 편견의 영향 아래서 그들은 반대 방향에서 하는 말을 전혀 받아들이지 않는다. 마가는 그들이 우리 주님의 뜻을 이해하지 못했다고 말한다. 그렇게 명확하고 분명한 말이 이해되지 않은 것은 어리석은 상상의 두꺼운 베일로 그들의 마음이 덮여 있었기 때문이 아니겠는가?
그들은 더 이상 문의하기를 감히 하지 않았다. 이것은 부분적으로 그들의 스승에 대한 경외감 때문이었지만, 들은 것에 대한 그들의 슬픔과 놀라움이 그들을 침묵하게 했음을 나는 의심하지 않는다. 그러나 그들을 갑자기 사로잡은 십자가에 대한 지나친 두려움이 부활의 소망에서 나오는 위로의 문을 닫았으므로, 그리스도의 죽음이 언급될 때 우리는 항상 즉시 삼 일 전체를 함께 눈앞에 가져와야 한다는 것을 배우자. 그분의 죽음과 장사가 우리를 복된 승리와 새 생명으로 이끌 수 있도록.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-22-22(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
24절 카드 ↗
Matthew 17:24 . And when they came to Capernaum. We must attend, first of all, to the design of this narrative; which is, that Christ, by paying tribute of his own accord, declared his subjection, as he had taken upon him the form of a servant , ( Philippians 2:7 ,) but at the same time showed, both by words and by the miracle, that it was not by obligation or necessity, but by a free and voluntary submission, that he had reduced himself so low that the world looked upon him as nothing more than one of the common people. This was not a tax which was wont to be demanded on crossing the sea, (577) but an annual tribute laid individually on every man among the Jews, so that they paid to tyrants what they were formerly in the habit of paying to God alone. For we know that this tax was imposed on them by the Law, that, by paying every year half a stater , ( Exodus 30:13 ,) they might acknowledge that God, by whom they had been redeemed, was their supreme King. When the kings of Asia appropriated this to themselves, the Romans followed their example. Thus the Jews, as if they had disowned the government of God, paid to profane tyrants the sacred tax required by the Law. But it might appear unreasonable that Christ, when he appeared as the Redeemer of his people, should not himself be exempted from paying tribute To remove that offense, he taught by words, that it was only by his will that he was bound; and he proved the same thing by a miracle, for he who had dominion over the sea and the fishes might have released himself from earthly government. (578) Doth not your Master pay? Some think that the collectors of the tribute intended to throw blame on Christ, as if he were claiming exemption from the common law. For my own part, as men of that class are insolent and abusive, I interpret these words as having been spoken by way of reproach. It was customary for every man to be enrolled in his own city; but we know that Christ had no fixed habitation in one place. Those people therefore inquire if he be exempted from the law on the ground of his frequent removals from place to place. (579) (577) “ Les didrachmes, dont est yci parle, n’estoit pas un peage qu’on payast a passer d’un coste en autre de la mer ;” — “ The didrachma , which are here spoken of, were not a custom paid on crossing from one side of the sea to the other.” (578) “ Pouvoit bien, s’il eust voulu, s’exempter de la suiection des princes terriens ;” — “might easily, if he had chosen, have exempted himself from subjection to earthly princes.” (579) “ Si par ce moyen qu’il est maintenant ci, maintenant la, il faudra qu’il eschappe sans rien payer ;” — “if, because he is sometimes here, and sometimes there, he must escape without paying anything.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-25" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-006
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
마태복음 17:24. 가버나움에 이르니. 무엇보다 먼저 이 이야기의 목적을 살펴야 한다. 그것은 그리스도께서 자발적으로 세금을 납부함으로써, 그분이 종의 형체를 취하셨으므로(빌립보서 2:7) 자신의 복종을 선언하셨지만, 동시에 말씀과 기적으로 의무나 필연이 아니라 자유롭고 자발적인 복종으로 그분이 세상이 평범한 백성 중의 하나에 불과하다고 여기는 그 낮은 위치로 스스로를 낮추셨음을 보이셨다는 것이다.
이것은 바다를 건널 때 요구되던 세금이 아니라 유대인들 각 사람에게 개인적으로 부과된 연세였으니, 그들은 이전에 하나님께만 드리던 것을 폭군들에게 납부하게 되었다. 왜냐하면 우리는 율법으로 이 세금이 그들에게 부과되어, 매년 반 세겔을 납부함으로써(출애굽기 30:13) 그들이 자신들을 구속하신 하나님이 최고의 왕이심을 인정하던 것을 알기 때문이다. 아시아의 왕들이 이것을 자신들에게 전용했을 때 로마인들이 그들의 선례를 따랐다. 이와 같이 유대인들은 마치 하나님의 통치를 부인한 것처럼 신성한 율법이 요구하는 세금을 세속적인 폭군들에게 납부했다.
그러나 그리스도께서 자신의 백성의 구속자로 나타나셨을 때 납세에서 면제되지 않으신 것이 불합리하게 보일 수 있다. 그 걸림돌을 제거하기 위해 그분은 말씀으로 오직 그분의 뜻으로만 그분이 구속받으셨음을 가르치셨고, 기적으로도 동일한 것을 증명하셨다. 왜냐하면 바다와 물고기를 다스리는 권능을 가진 그분이 세상 정부에서 자신을 해방시키실 수 있었기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-24-24(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
25절 카드 ↗
25. He saith, Yes. Peter’s reply contains a modest excuse (580) to satisfy them: “he will pay,” (581) says he; from which we infer that Christ had formerly been accustomed to pay, for Peter promises it as a thing about which there was no doubt. That they address him rather than the other disciples was, as I conjecture, because Christ lived with him; for if all had occupied the same habitation, the demand would have been made on all alike. It is therefore very ridiculous in the Papists, on so frivolous a pretense, to make Peter a partner in the dignity of Christ. “He chose him (they say) to be his vicar , and bestowed on him equal honors, by making him equal to himself in the payment of tribute.” But in this way they will make all swine-herds vicars of Christ, for they paid as much as he did. And if the primacy of Peter was manifested in the paying of tribute, whence comes that exemption which they claim for themselves? But this is the necessary result of the shameful trifling of those who corrupt Scripture according to their own fancy. What thinkest thou, Simon? In this Christ gave a proof of his Divinity, by showing that nothing was unknown to him. But what is the object of his discourse? Is it to exempt himself and his followers from subjection to the laws? Some explain it thus, that Christians have a right to be exempted, but that they voluntarily subject themselves to the ordinary government, because otherwise human society cannot be maintained. To me, however, the meaning appears to be more simple; for there was danger lest the disciples might think that Christ had come in vain, because, by paying tribute cut off the hope of deliverance; and therefore he simply affirms that he pays tribute, solely because he voluntarily refrains from exercising his right and power. Hence it is inferred that this takes nothing from his reign. But why does he not openly claim his right? It is because his kingly power was unknown to the collectors of the tribute. For, though his kingdom be spiritual, still we must maintain, that as he is the only Son of God, he is also the heir of the whole world, so that all things ought to be subject to him, and to acknowledge his authority. The meaning, therefore, is, that God has not appointed kings, and established governments over mankind, in such a manner as to place him who is the Son in the same rank indiscriminately with others, but yet that, of his own accord, he will be a servant along with others, till the glory of his kingdom be displayed. The Pope has not less foolishly than successfully abused this passage to exempt his clergy from the laws; as if the shaving of the head made them sons of God, and exempted them from tributes and taxes. But nothing else was intended by Christ than to claim for himself the honor of a King’s Son, so as to have at least a home privileged and exempted from the common law. And therefore it is also highly foolish in the Anabaptists to torture these words for overturning political order, since it is more than certain, that Christ does not say any thing about a privilege common to believers, but only draws a comparison from the sons of kings, who, together with their domestics, are exempted. (582) (580) “ Une excuse bien modeste et honneste ;” — “a very modest and civil excuse.” (581) “ Oui, (dit-il,) il payera ;” — “ Yes , (says he,) he will pay.” (582) “ Lesquels sont exempts de tous imposts, eux et leurs domestiques ;” — “who are exempted from all taxes, they and their domestics.” return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-27" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-006
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
베드로가 이르되 내십니다 하더라. 베드로의 대답은 그들을 만족시키기 위한 겸손한 변명을 담고 있다: "그분이 내실 것입니다"라고 말하는데, 이로 보아 우리는 그리스도께서 이전에 납부하시던 습관이 있었음을 추론한다. 베드로가 이것을 의심할 여지없는 것으로 약속했기 때문이다.
시몬아, 네 생각은 어떠하냐? 여기서 그리스도는 아무것도 그분에게 알려지지 않은 것이 없음을 보이심으로써 그분의 신성에 대한 증거를 주셨다. 그러나 그분의 말씀의 목적은 무엇인가? 그분 자신과 그분의 추종자들을 율법의 복종에서 면제하기 위함인가? 그러나 나에게는 그 의미가 더 단순한 것처럼 보인다. 제자들이 그리스도께서 납세함으로 구원의 소망을 끊어버렸기 때문에 헛되이 오셨다고 생각할 위험이 있었다. 그러므로 그분은 단순히 그분이 세금을 납부하시는 것은 오직 자발적으로 그분의 권리와 능력 행사를 삼가시기 때문임을 확언하신다.
따라서 이것은 그분의 통치에서 아무것도 빼앗지 않는다는 것이 추론된다. 따라서 의미는, 하나님이 왕들을 세우시고 인류 위에 정부를 세우신 것이 독생자를 다른 이들과 무차별적으로 동일한 위치에 놓으시기 위함이 아니지만, 그럼에도 불구하고 그분은 자발적으로 자신의 왕국의 영광이 나타날 때까지 다른 이들과 함께 종이 되실 것이라는 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-25-25(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
27절 카드 ↗
27. Throw a hook. Though I acknowledge that Christ had not always full coffers, yet I think that he was not compelled by poverty to give this order to Peter, but that he did so in order to prove by a miracle, that he had a more extensive dominion than all earthly kings, since he had even fishes for his tributaries. And we do not read that this was done more than once, because one proof was enough for his whole life. Thou wilt find a stater. A stater was of the same value as a shekel, namely, four drachms or two didrachma. (583) (583) The didrachmon weighed two drachms , and the stater , which weighed two didrachma , or four drachms , was worth about two shillings and sixpence of our money. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' Matthew Mat 16 Matthew Mat Matthew Mat 18 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Matthew 17". 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-mat-17-006
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
낚시를 던져. 그리스도께서 항상 충분한 자금을 가지지 않으셨음을 인정하지만, 나는 그분이 빈곤 때문에 베드로에게 이 명령을 내리신 것이 아니라, 모든 세상 왕들보다 더 광대한 통치권을 가지심을 기적으로 증명하기 위함이었다고 생각한다. 심지어 물고기도 그분의 납세자였기 때문이다. 그리고 이것이 한 번 이상 행해졌다는 기록이 없는 것은, 한 번의 증거가 그분의 전 생애를 위해 충분했기 때문이다.
한 세겔을 찾으리니. 한 세겔은 한 세켈과 같은 가치였으니, 즉 네 드라크마 또는 두 디드라크마였다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-mat-17-27-27(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역