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주석[매튜 헨리] — 창세기 44장 · 은잔 사건

요약
매튜 헨리 주석 · 섹션 3개 · 한국어 번역 있음(한국어 우선) · 본문 보기
아래 주석은 원문(및 번역문) 그대로입니다.

1~17절 카드 ↗

Joseph's Policy. . 1 And he commanded the steward of his house, saying, Fill the men's sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put every man's money in his sack's mouth. 2 And put my cup, the silver cup, in the sack's mouth of the youngest, and his corn money. And he did according to the word that Joseph had spoken. 3 As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they and their asses. 4 And when they were gone out of the city, and not yet far off, Joseph said unto his steward, Up, follow after the men; and when thou dost overtake them, say unto them, Wherefore have ye rewarded evil for good? 5 Is not this it in which my lord drinketh, and whereby indeed he divineth? ye have done evil in so doing. 6 And he overtook them, and he spake unto them these same words. 7 And they said unto him, Wherefore saith my lord these words? God forbid that thy servants should do according to this thing: 8 Behold, the money, which we found in our sacks' mouths, we brought again unto thee out of the land of Canaan: how then should we steal out of thy lord's house silver or gold? 9 With whomsoever of thy servants it be found, both let him die, and we also will be my lord's bondmen. 10 And he said, Now also let it be according unto your words: he with whom it is found shall be my servant; and ye shall be blameless. 11 Then they speedily took down every man his sack to the ground, and opened every man his sack. 12 And he searched, and began at the eldest, and left at the youngest: and the cup was found in Benjamin's sack. 13 Then they rent their clothes, and laded every man his ass, and returned to the city. 14 And Judah and his brethren came to Joseph's house; for he was yet there: and they fell before him on the ground. 15 And Joseph said unto them, What deed is this that ye have done? wot ye not that such a man as I can certainly divine? 16 And Judah said, What shall we say unto my lord? what shall we speak? or how shall we clear ourselves? God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants: behold, we are my lord's servants, both we, and he also with whom the cup is found. 17 And he said, God forbid that I should do so: but the man in whose hand the cup is found, he shall be my servant; and as for you, get you up in peace unto your father. Joseph heaps further kindnesses upon his brethren, fills their sacks, returns their money, and sends them away full of gladness; but he also exercises them with further trials. Our God thus humbles those whom he loves and loads with benefits. Joseph ordered his steward to put a fine silver cup which he had (and which, it is likely, was used at his table when they dined with him) into Benjamin's sack's mouth, that it might seem as if he had stolen it from the table, and put it here himself, after his corn was delivered to him. If Benjamin had stolen it, it had been the basest piece of dishonesty and ingratitude that could be and if Joseph, by ordering it to be there, had designed really to take advantage against him, it had been in him most horrid cruelty and oppression; but it proved, in the issue, that there was no harm done, nor any designed, on either side. Observe, I. How the pretended criminals were pursued and arrested, on suspicion of having stolen a silver cup. The steward charged them with ingratitude--rewarding evil for good; and with folly, in taking away a cup of daily use, and which therefore would soon be missed, and diligent search made for it; for so it may be read: Is not this it in which my lord drinketh (as having a particular fondness for it), and for which he would search thoroughly? Genesis 44:5 ; Genesis 44:5 . Or, "By which, leaving it carelessly at your table, he would make trial whether you were honest men or no." II. How they pleaded for themselves. They solemnly protested their innocence, and detestation of so base a thing ( Genesis 44:7 ; Genesis 44:7 ), urged it as an instance of their honesty that they had brought their money back ( Genesis 44:8 ; Genesis 44:8 ), and offered to submit to the severest punishment if they should be found guilty, Genesis 44:9 ; Genesis 44:10 . III. How the theft was fastened upon Benjamin. In his sack the cup was found to whom Joseph had been particularly kind. Benjamin, no doubt, was ready to deny, upon oath, the taking of the cup, and we may suppose him as little liable to suspicion as any of them; but it is in vain to confront such notorious evidence: the cup is found in his custody; they dare not arraign Joseph's justice, nor so much as suggest that perhaps he that had put their money in their sacks' mouths had put the cup there; but they throw themselves upon Joseph's mercy. And, IV. Here is their humble submission, Genesis 44:16 ; Genesis 44:16 . 1. They acknowledge the righteousness of God: God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants, perhaps referring to the injury they had formerly done to Joseph, for which they thought God was now reckoning with them. Note, Even in those afflictions wherein we apprehend ourselves wronged by men yet we must own that God is righteous, and finds out our iniquity. 2. They surrender themselves prisoners to Joseph: We are my lord's servants. Now Joseph's dreams were accomplished to the utmost. Their bowing so often, and doing homage, might be looked upon but as a compliment, and no more than what other strangers did; but the construction they themselves, in their pride, had put upon his dreams was, Shalt though have dominion over us? ( Genesis 37:8 ; Genesis 37:8 ), and in this sense it is now at length fulfilled,; they own themselves his vassals. Since they did invidiously so understand it, so it shall be fulfilled in them. V. Joseph, with an air of justice, gives sentence that Benjamin only should be kept in bondage, and the rest should be dismissed; for why should any suffer but the guilty? Perhaps Joseph intended hereby to try Benjamin's temper, whether he could bear such a hardship as this with the calmness and composure of mind that became a wise and good man: in short, whether he was indeed his own brother, in spirit as well as blood; for Joseph himself had been falsely accused, and had suffered hard things in consequence, and yet kept possession of his own soul. However, it is plain he intended hereby to try the affection of his brethren to Benjamin and to their father. If they had gone away contentedly, and left Benjamin in bonds, no doubt Joseph would soon have released and promoted him, and sent notice to Jacob, and would have left the rest of his brethren justly to suffer for their hard-heartedness; but they proved to be better affected to Benjamin than he feared. Note, We cannot judge what men are by what they have been formerly, nor what they will do by what they have done: age and experience may make men wiser and better. Those that had sold Joseph would not now abandon Benjamin. The worst may mend in time. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-18-34" class="com-number"

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bible-text/gen-44-1, bible-text/gen-44-2, bible-text/gen-44-3, bible-text/gen-44-4, bible-text/gen-44-5, bible-text/gen-44-6, bible-text/gen-44-7, bible-text/gen-44-8, bible-text/gen-44-9, bible-text/gen-44-10, bible-text/gen-44-11, bible-text/gen-44-12, bible-text/gen-44-13, bible-text/gen-44-14, bible-text/gen-44-15, bible-text/gen-44-16, bible-text/gen-44-17

Source

요셉은 형제들에게 이전과 다름없이 은혜를 베풀어 자루를 가득 채우고, 돈도 돌려보내며, 그들을 기쁨으로 떠나보낸다. 그러나 그는 동시에 그들을 더 큰 시험으로 단련시킨다. 하나님께서도 사랑하시고 온갖 혜택을 부어 주시는 자들을 이처럼 낮추시는 일이 있다.

요셉은 청지기에게 명하여 자기가 즐겨 사용하는 은잔을 베냐민의 자루 아귀에 넣게 하였다. 그것이 마치 베냐민이 식탁에서 훔쳐 숨겨 놓은 것처럼 보이게 하려는 것이었다. 만약 베냐민이 정말로 훔쳤다면 그것은 더할 수 없이 불성실하고 배은망덕한 행위가 되었을 것이다. 또한 만약 요셉이 그것을 빌미로 그를 해치려 했다면 그 자신도 잔인하고 포악한 자가 되었을 것이다. 그러나 결국 어느 쪽에도 해가 없었고 악의도 없었다.

**I. 형제들이 도둑 혐의를 받고 뒤쫓긴 사건.** 청지기는 그들에게 은혜를 악으로 갚았다고 책망했다. 또 그 잔은 주인이 날마다 쓰는 것이라 곧 발견될 것이며, 주인이 철저히 뒤질 것이라는 점도 지적했다. "내 주인께서 마실 때 쓰시고 또 점을 치실 때 쓰시는 잔이 아니냐?"(창 44:5)라는 말은 이렇게도 읽을 수 있다. "내 주인께서 그것을 각별히 아끼시니, 반드시 찾아내실 것이다." 혹은 "주인이 부주의하게 자루 옆에 두어 너희 정직함을 시험해 보신 것이 아니냐."

**II. 형제들의 항변.** 그들은 거룩하게 결백을 선언하고 이처럼 비열한 행위를 단호히 부인했다(창 44:7). 전에 발견한 돈도 돌려온 것을 증거로 들며(창 44:8), 잔이 누구에게서 발견되더라도 죽어 마땅하고 나머지도 모두 종이 되겠다고 자청했다(창 44:9-10).

**III. 도둑 혐의가 베냐민에게로 떨어진 경위.** 청지기가 맏이부터 막내까지 차례로 뒤지자 잔이 베냐민의 자루에서 나왔다. 베냐민도 분명 잔을 가져간 적이 없다고 맹세했을 것이며, 형제들 중 누구보다 혐의를 살 이유가 없었다. 그러나 이 명백한 증거 앞에서는 달리 대응할 방법이 없었다. 형제들은 요셉의 공의에 항거하거나 그 잔을 가져다 놓은 자가 따로 있을지 모른다고 의심하지도 않고, 오직 요셉의 자비에 자신들을 맡겼다.

**IV. 형제들의 겸손한 복종(창 44:16).** 첫째, 그들은 하나님의 의로우심을 인정했다. "하나님께서 당신의 종들의 죄악을 드러내셨습니다." 이 말은 아마도 전에 요셉에게 저질렀던 잘못을 가리키는 것으로, 그 일로 하나님께서 지금 자신들과 계산하고 계신다고 여긴 것이다. 비록 사람에게 억울하게 당하는 환난 가운데서도 우리는 하나님은 의로우시며 우리 죄악을 드러내신다고 고백해야 한다. 둘째, 그들은 요셉 앞에 자신들을 죄수로 내어 맡겼다. "우리 모두 내 주의 종입니다." 이제 요셉의 꿈이 완전히 성취되었다. 형제들이 그토록 자주 엎드려 절한 것은 예의상 다른 이방인들도 하는 행동이었다. 그러나 예전에 형제들이 스스로 그 꿈에 붙인 해석은 "네가 과연 우리 위에 왕이 되려느냐?"(창 37:8)였다. 이제 그 뜻대로 성취되어, 그들은 자신들이 그의 신하임을 인정하게 된 것이다.

**V. 요셉은 공의의 기색으로 베냐민만 억류하고 나머지는 돌려보내는 판결을 내렸다.** 죄 있는 자 외에 다른 사람이 고통 받을 이유가 무엇인가? 어쩌면 요셉은 이것으로 베냐민의 성품도 시험하려 했을 것이다. 이 가혹한 처우를 지혜롭고 차분하게 감당할 수 있는지를 보려 한 것이다.

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원주석

1~34절 카드 ↗

G E N E S I S CHAP. XLIV. Joseph, having entertained his brethren, dismissed them; but here we have them brought back in a greater fright than any they had been in yet. Observe, I. What method he took both to humble them further and also to try their affection to his brother Benjamin, by which he would be able to judge of the sincerity of their repentance for what they had done against himself, of which he was desirous to be satisfied before he manifested his reconciliation to them. This he contrived to do by bringing Benjamin into distress, Genesis 44:1-17 . II. The good success of the experiment; he found them all heartily concerned, and Judah particularly, both for the safety of Benjamin and for the comfort of their aged father, Genesis 44:18-34 , &c. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-17" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

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Source

18~34절 카드 ↗

Judah's Appeal on Behalf of Benjamin. . 18 Then Judah came near unto him, and said, Oh my lord, let thy servant, I pray thee, speak a word in my lord's ears, and let not thine anger burn against thy servant: for thou art even as Pharaoh. 19 My lord asked his servants, saying, Have ye a father, or a brother? 20 And we said unto my lord, We have a father, an old man, and a child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother, and his father loveth him. 21 And thou saidst unto thy servants, Bring him down unto me, that I may set mine eyes upon him. 22 And we said unto my lord, The lad cannot leave his father: for if he should leave his father, his father would die. 23 And thou saidst unto thy servants, Except your youngest brother come down with you, ye shall see my face no more. 24 And it came to pass when we came up unto thy servant my father, we told him the words of my lord. 25 And our father said, Go again, and buy us a little food. 26 And we said, We cannot go down: if our youngest brother be with us, then will we go down: for we may not see the man's face, except our youngest brother be with us. 27 And thy servant my father said unto us, Ye know that my wife bare me two sons: 28 And the one went out from me, and I said, Surely he is torn in pieces; and I saw him not since: 29 And if ye take this also from me, and mischief befall him, ye shall bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave. 30 Now therefore when I come to thy servant my father, and the lad be not with us; seeing that his life is bound up in the lad's life; 31 It shall come to pass, when he seeth that the lad is not with us, that he will die: and thy servants shall bring down the gray hairs of thy servant our father with sorrow to the grave. 32 For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying, If I bring him not unto thee, then I shall bear the blame to my father for ever. 33 Now therefore, I pray thee, let thy servant abide instead of the lad a bondman to my lord; and let the lad go up with his brethren. 34 For how shall I go up to my father, and the lad be not with me? lest peradventure I see the evil that shall come on my father. We have here a most ingenious and pathetic speech which Judah made to Joseph on Benjamin's behalf, to obtain his discharge from the sentence passed upon him. Perhaps Judah was a better friend to Benjamin than the rest were, and more solicitous to bring him off; or he thought himself under greater obligations to attempt it than the rest, because he had passed his word to his father for his safe return; or the rest chose him for their spokesman, because he was a man of better sense, and better spirit, and had a greater command of language than any of them. His address, as it is here recorded, is so very natural and so expressive of his present feelings that we cannot but suppose Moses, who wrote it so long after, to have written it under the special direction of him that made man's mouth. I. A great deal of unaffected art, and unstudied unforced rhetoric, there is in this speech. 1. He addresses himself to Joseph with a great deal of respect and deference, calls him his lord, himself and his brethren his servants, begs his patient hearing, and ascribes sovereign authority to him: " Thou art even as Pharaoh, one whose favour we desire and whose wrath we dread as we do Pharaoh's." Religion does not destroy good manners, and it is prudence to speak respectfully to those at whose mercy we lie: titles of honour to those that are entitled to them are not flattering titles. 2. He represented Benjamin as one well worthy of his compassionate consideration ( Genesis 44:20 ; Genesis 44:20 ); he was a little one, compared with the rest of them; the youngest, not acquainted with the world, nor ever inured to hardship, having always been brought up tenderly with his father. It made the case the more pitiable that he alone was left of his mother, and his brother was dead, namely, Joseph. Little did Judah think what a tender point he touched upon now. Judah knew that Joseph was sold, and therefore had reason enough to think that he was alive; at least he could not be sure that he was dead: but they had made their father believe he was dead; and now they had told that lie so long that they had forgotten the truth, and begun to believe the lie themselves. 3. He urged it very closely that Joseph had himself constrained them to bring Benjamin with them, had expressed a desire to see him ( Genesis 44:21 ; Genesis 44:21 ), and had forbidden them his presence unless they brought Benjamin with them ( Genesis 44:23 ; Genesis 44:26 ), all which intimated that he designed him some kindness; and must he be brought with so much difficulty to the preferment of a perpetual slavery? Was he not brought to Egypt, in obedience, purely in obedience, to the command of Joseph? and would he not show him some mercy? Some observe that Jacob's sons, in reasoning with their father, had said, We will not go down unless Benjamin go with us ( Genesis 43:5 ; Genesis 43:5 ); but that when Judah comes to relate the story he expresses it more decently: " We cannot go down with any expectation to speed well." Indecent words spoken in haste to our superiors should be recalled and amended. 4. The great argument he insisted upon was the insupportable grief it would be to his aged father if Benjamin should be left behind in servitude: His father loveth him, Genesis 44:20 ; Genesis 44:20 . This they had pleaded against Joseph's insisting on his coming down ( Genesis 44:22 ; Genesis 44:22 ): " If he should leave his father, his father would die; much more if now he be left behind, never more to return to him." This the old man, of whom they spoke, had pleaded against his going down: If mischief befal him, you shall bring down my gray hairs, that crown of glory, with sorrow to the grave, Genesis 44:29 ; Genesis 44:29 . This therefore Judah presses with a great deal of earnestness: " His life is bound up in the lad's life ( Genesis 44:30 ; Genesis 44:30 ); when he sees that the lad is not with us, he will faint away, and die immediately ( Genesis 44:31 ; Genesis 44:31 ), or will abandon himself to such a degree of sorrow as will, in a few days, make an end of him." And, lastly, Judah pleads that, for his part, he could not bear to see this: Let me not see the evil that shall come on my father, Genesis 44:34 ; Genesis 44:34 . Note, It is the duty of children to be very tender of their parents' comfort, and to be afraid of every thing that may be an occasion of grief to them. Thus the love that descended first must again ascend, and something must be done towards a recompense for their care. 5. Judah, in honour to the justice of Joseph's sentence, and to show his sincerity in this plea, offers himself to become a bondsman instead of Benjamin, Genesis 44:33 ; Genesis 44:33 . Thus the law would be satisfied; Joseph would be no loser (for we may suppose Judah a more able-bodied man than Benjamin, and fitter for service); and Jacob would better bear the loss of him than of Benjamin. Now, so far was he from grieving at his father's particular fondness for Benjamin, that he was himself willing to be a bondman to indulge it. Now, had Joseph been, as Judah supposed him, an utter stranger to the family, yet even common humanity could not but be wrought upon by such powerful reasonings as these; for nothing could be said more moving, more tender; it was enough to melt a heart of stone. But to Joseph, who was nearer akin to Benjamin than Judah himself was, and who, at this time, felt a greater affection both for him and his aged father than Judah did, nothing could be more pleasingly nor more happily said. Neither Jacob nor Benjamin needed an intercessor with Joseph; for he himself loved them. II. Upon the whole matter let us take notice, 1. How prudently Judah suppressed all mention of the crime that was charged upon Benjamin. Had he said any thing by way of acknowledgment of it, he would have reflected on Benjamin's honesty, and seemed too forward to suspect that; had he said any thing by way of denial of it, he would have reflected on Joseph's justice, and the sentence he had passed: therefore he wholly waives that head, and appeals to Joseph's pity. Compare with this that of Job, in humbling himself before God ( Job 9:15 ), Though I were righteous, yet would I not answer; I would not argue, but petition; I would make supplication to my Judge. 2. What good reason dying Jacob had to say, Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise ( Genesis 49:8 ; Genesis 49:8 ), for he excelled them all in boldness, wisdom, eloquence, and especially tenderness for their father and family. 3. Judah's faithful adherence to Benjamin, now in his distress, was recompensed long after by the constant adherence of the tribe of Benjamin to the tribe of Judah, when all the other ten tribes deserted it. 4. How fitly does the apostle, when he is discoursing of the mediation of Christ, observe, that our Lord sprang out of Judah ( Hebrews 7:14 ); for, like his father Judah, he not only made intercession for the transgressors, but he became a surety for them, as it follows there ( Genesis 44:22 ; Genesis 44:22 ), testifying therein a very tender concern both for his father and for his brethren. return to ' Top of Page ' Genesis Gen 43 Genesis Gen Genesis Gen 45 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Genesis 44". 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keys=t.split(',');keys.forEach(function(key){if(key==='com'){_ts_loadCom();}if(key==='bib'){_ts_loadBib();}});} function _ts_loadCom(){var commEl=document.querySelector('.commentary');comsec=commEl?commEl.getAttribute('data-com-sec'):'';comlang=commEl?commEl.getAttribute('data-com-lang'):'';comabbr=commEl?commEl.getAttribute('data-com-abbr'):'';var qs='bk='+encodeURIComponent(cur_com_bn)+'&ch='+encodeURIComponent(cur_com_cn)+'&vs='+encodeURIComponent(cur_com_vs)+'&cs='+encodeURIComponent(comsec)+'&cl='+encodeURIComponent(comlang)+'&ca='+encodeURIComponent(comabbr);fetch('/cgi-bin/bible/getBible_data.cgi?'+qs).then(function(r){return r.text();}).then(function(text){var doc=new DOMParser().parseFromString(text,'text/xml');var sn=_ts_xmlSplit(doc,'sn');var sa=_ts_xmlSplit(doc,'sa');var sf=_ts_xmlSplit(doc,'sf');for(var i=0;i u?o(n,r,t,e,u+1):0:0==i?1:-1}(o,n,r,t,0)})} var TS_PARENT_MODE={commentary:'section',translation:'language',chapter:'book',verse:'chapter'}; function _ts_isPerVerseUrl(path){var slash=path.lastIndexOf('/');if(slash =stem.length-1){return false;}return _ts_isAllDigits(stem.substring(0,dash))&&_ts_isAllDigits(stem.substring(dash+1));} function _ts_isAllDigits(s){if(!s||!s.length){return false;}for(var i=0;i 57){return false;}}return true;} function _ts_buildOverlay(){document.documentElement.style.overflowY='hidden';document.body.style.overflowY='hidden';updateSizes('470','650');var overlay=_ts_el('div',{cls:'overlayMaster',style:{top:curTop+'px',left:curLeft+'px',width:'100%',height:'100%'}});document.body.appendChild(overlay);var popup=_ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv noselect',style:{left:popLeft+'px',top:popTop+'px',width:popWidth+'px',height:popHeight+'px'}});overlay.appendChild(popup);} function _ts_buildHeader(mode){var parent=TS_PARENT_MODE[mode];var popup=document.querySelector('.popupDiv');var titleBar=_ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-title'});popup.appendChild(titleBar);var prevBtn=_ts_el('span',{cls:'popupDiv-title-prev clickable',html:'❮',click:function(){if(parent){translationSelector_menu(parent);}}});titleBar.appendChild(prevBtn);if(!parent){prevBtn.style.visibility='hidden';}titleBar.appendChild(_ts_el('span',{html:mode.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+mode.slice(1)+' Selector'}));titleBar.appendChild(_ts_el('span',{cls:'popupDiv-title-closer clickable',html:'✖',click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();translationSelector_menu('close');}}));} function _ts_removeOverlay(){var ov=document.querySelector('.overlayMaster');if(ov&&ov.parentNode){ov.parentNode.removeChild(ov);}} function _ts_buildChoices(mode){var items,count,start=0;if(mode==='section'){items=sections;count=items.length;}else if(mode==='commentary'){items=sortByColumn(commentaries.filter(function(c){return c.sec===comsec;}),['pop'],['ASC']);count=items.length;}else if(mode==='language'){items=languages;count=items.length;}else if(mode==='book'||mode==='chapter'){items=book_data.filter(function(b){return translation_scope==='1'?b.num 38:b.num 0);}else{takesVerse=(parseInt(verse,10)>0);}if(takesVerse){translationSelector_menu('verse');}else{_ts_sendThemBack('reference-noverse');}}});}if(mode==='verse'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-chapter',data:{number:o},html:o,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();verse=parseInt(this.getAttribute('data-number'),10);_ts_sendThemBack('reference-verse');}});}if(mode==='language'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-languages',data:{'trans-lang':items[o].abbr},html:items[o].name,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();translang=this.getAttribute('data-trans-lang');translationSelector_menu('translation');}});}if(mode==='translation'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-translation',data:{'trans-abbr':items[o].trans},html:items[o].name,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();transabbr=this.getAttribute('data-trans-abbr');_ts_sendThemBack('translation');}});}} function _ts_sendThemBack(reason){var origPath=window.location.pathname;var parts=origPath.split('/');var noVerse=(reason==='reference-noverse');var inputIsPerVerse=_ts_isPerVerseUrl(origPath);if(parts[1]==='interlinear-study-bible'){parts=parts.slice(0,5);parts[3]=book_data[book].url;parts[4]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else if(parts[1]==='commentary'){parts=parts.slice(0,4);parts[2]=book_data[book].url;parts[3]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else if(parts[1]==='commentaries'){parts[2]=comlang;parts[3]=comabbr;if(inputIsPerVerse){parts=parts.slice(0,6);parts[4]=book_data[book].url;parts[5]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else{parts=parts.slice(0,5);parts[4]=book_data[book].url+'-'+chapter+'.html';}}else if(parts[1]==='bible'){parts=parts.slice(0,6);parts[2]=translang;parts[3]=transabbr;parts[4]=book_data[book].url;parts[5]=(verse duction ","Verses 1-17","Verses 18-34"]; function

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/gen-44-18, bible-text/gen-44-19, bible-text/gen-44-20, bible-text/gen-44-21, bible-text/gen-44-22, bible-text/gen-44-23, bible-text/gen-44-24, bible-text/gen-44-25, bible-text/gen-44-26, bible-text/gen-44-27, bible-text/gen-44-28, bible-text/gen-44-29, bible-text/gen-44-30, bible-text/gen-44-31, bible-text/gen-44-32, bible-text/gen-44-33, bible-text/gen-44-34

Source

유다가 요셉에게 나아가 베냐민을 대신하여 한 이 탄원의 연설은 매우 세심하고 감동적이다. 아마도 유다가 이 역할을 맡은 것은, 형제들 중 아버지께 베냐민을 보증했던 자가 그이기 때문이었거나(창 43:9), 형제들이 더 나은 표현력과 판단력을 가진 그를 대변인으로 선택했기 때문일 것이다.

유다의 연설이 여기 기록된 그 생동감과 진실함을 보면, 이 글을 쓴 모세가 특별한 신적 인도하심 아래 이 연설을 이토록 오랜 후에 기록할 수 있었음을 짐작하게 된다.

### 이 연설의 탁월함

**I. 유다의 연설에는 꾸밈없는 진실된 설득력과 인위적이지 않은 수사가 담겨 있다.**

**첫째**, 유다는 요셉에게 깊은 존경과 경의를 표하며 말문을 열었다. 그를 내 주라 부르고 자신과 형제들을 종이라 칭하며, 인내하여 들어 주기를 간청하고 요셉의 권위가 바로와 같음을 인정했다. "당신은 바로와 같은 분이십니다." 신앙이 있다고 예절이 사라지지는 않는다. 자신의 목숨이 달린 자의 앞에서 공손하게 말하는 것은 지혜로운 처신이다. 당연히 존경받을 자리에 있는 이에게 바치는 존칭은 아첨이 아니다.

**둘째**, 유다는 베냐민이 충분히 동정받을 만한 존재임을 보여 주었다(창 44:20). 그는 막내로 아직 어리고, 세상 풍파를 알지 못하며, 항상 아버지 품에서 자랐다. 더욱 딱한 것은 그 홀로 어머니가 남긴 유일한 자식이요, 형(요셉)이 죽었다는 것이다. 유다는 요셉이 죽었다고 말했다. 사실 요셉이 팔린 것을 알기에 살아 있다고 생각했을 것이다. 그러나 아버지에게 거짓말을 한 것이 너무 오랫동안 되풀이되어, 이제 스스로도 그 거짓을 사실로 믿기 시작한 것이다.

**셋째**, 유다는 요셉 자신이 그들로 하여금 베냐민을 데려오게 강요했음을 매우 강하게 제기했다. 요셉이 베냐민을 직접 보기를 원했고(창 44:21), 베냐민이 없으면 자기 얼굴을 다시 볼 수 없다고 명했다(창 44:23·26). 이 모든 것은 요셉이 그에게 은혜를 베풀 생각이 있음을 암시한다. 그렇다면 어렵게 데려왔다가 종신 노예가 되게 할 것인가? 유다의 형제들이 아버지에게 말할 때는 "우리 막내가 함께 가지 않으면 내려가지 않겠다"(창 43:5)고 했지만, 유다가 요셉에게 다시 그 이야기를 전할 때는 "우리가 내려갈 수 없습니다"라고 고쳐 말했다. 윗사람에게 경솔하게 내뱉은 말은 이처럼 고쳐서 전해야 한다.

**넷째**, 유다가 가장 역점을 두어 호소한 것은, 베냐민을 남겨 두면 늙으신 아버지가 감당할 수 없는 비탄에 빠질 것이라는 점이었다. "그의 아버지가 그를 사랑하십니다"(창 44:20). 그들은 이미 이것으로 요셉의 강권적 요구에 맞선 적이 있었다(창 44:22). "그 아이가 아버지를 떠나면 아버지는 돌아가실 것입니다." 하물며 이제 그가 돌아오지 못하게 된다면 더 말할 것도 없다. 아버지 야곱도 이것을 무기로 반대했었다. "너희가 내 흰머리로 슬픔에 잠겨 스올로 내려가게 하리라"(창 44:29). 그러므로 유다는 이 점을 간절하게 강조했다.

**다섯째**, 유다는 자기 자신이 아버지 앞에서 베냐민의 보증인이 되었음을 상기시켰다. "만일 내가 그를 아버지께 데려오지 않으면 내가 영원히 아버지께 그 허물을 지겠습니다"(창 44:32). 그는 그 말에 자신의 명예가 걸려 있다고 호소했다.

**여섯째이자 가장 강력한 논거**는, 유다가 베냐민을 대신하여 자기가 종이 되겠다고 자처한 것이다(창 44:33). "그러므로 이제 청하오니 당신의 종이 그 아이를 대신하여 내 주의 종으로 머물게 하시고, 그 아이는 형제들과 함께 올라가게 해 주십시오." 이것은 매우 고결한 호의의 제안이다. 그는 형제를 위해 기꺼이 모든 것을 바치려 했다.

이 유다의 행위는 우리 주님의 자기 희생을 예표한다. 유다는 형 이름(Judah = Judas)이기도 하다. 우리 구주는 죄로 말미암아 우리를 위해 우리의 보증인이 되셨고, "아버지 집에서 우리가 당신 곁에 있게 하시려고" 우리 대신 자기 자신을 주셨다.

**II. 유다의 간청에 담긴 영향력을 더하게 하는 정황들.**

첫째, 베냐민의 딱한 처지가 있었다. 그는 어리고 세상 물정을 모르며 늘 아버지 보호 아래 살았다. 낯선 나라에서 외롭고 억울하게 종이 된다면 그것이 얼마나 가혹한가.

둘째, 아버지의 처지가 있었다. 아버지는 고령이었고, 이미 요셉을 잃은 슬픔 속에서 간신히 베냐민에게 의지하여 살고 있었다. 베냐민이 돌아오지 못한다면 노인은 살아 있는 채로 죽을 것이었다. "아버지의 생명이 그 아이의 생명에 매여 있으니"(창 44:30).

셋째, 유다 자신의 보증이 있었다. 그는 아버지 앞에서 확약했기에 이제 그 말에 신의를 지킬 의무가 있었다. 자신의 명예와 형제 사랑이 한데 묶여 있었다.

넷째, 유다의 진심 어린 호소 그 자체였다. "그 아이가 나와 함께 있지 않으면 내가 어찌 내 아버지께로 올라가겠습니까? 내 아버지께 닥칠 그 재앙을 내가 차마 볼 수 없습니다"(창 44:34). 이는 효심 어린 간절함이다. 형제의 고통보다 아버지의 고통이 더 견디기 어렵다는 것이다.

이 연설이 요셉에게 어떤 영향을 미쳤는가는 다음 장에서 볼 수 있다. 그러나 여기서 우리는 다음과 같은 교훈을 얻는다.

**사람들의 고통에 솔직하게 호소하면 동정심을 불러일으킨다.** 우리가 하나님께 간구할 때도 마찬가지이다. 하나님 앞에 자신의 형편을 사실 그대로 솔직하게, 겸손하게 아뢰면, 은혜로우신 하나님께서 귀를 기울이신다. 유다의 기도는 형식적이지 않고 진심에서 우러난 것이었다. 우리도 기도할 때 그 간절함이 단순한 말이 아니라 마음에서 나와야 한다.

**또한 타인을 위해 대신 고난을 감수하려는 자기희생적 사랑은 매우 아름답고 감동적이다.** 유다가 베냐민을 위해 자원하여 종이 되겠다 함으로써 그의 성품과 사랑이 드러났다. 이것이 복음의 정신이며, 그리스도께서 우리를 위해 하신 일의 그림자이다.

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원주석

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