1절 카드 ↗
1. We saw before that many signs were showed by the hands of the apostles; now Luke reciteth one of many for example’s sake, after his common custom; namely, that a lame man, which was lame of his feet from his mother’s womb, was perfectly restored to his limbs. And he doth diligently gather all the circumstances which serve to set forth the miracle. If it had been that his legs had been out of joint, or if it had been some disease coming by some casualty, it might have been the more easily cured. But the default of nature (164) could not have been so easily redressed. When as he saith that he was carried, we gather thereby that it was no light halting, but that this man did lie as if his legs had been dead. Forasmuch as he was wont daily to ask alms, hereby all the people might the better know him. In that being healed, he walked in the temple at the time of prayer, this served to spread abroad the fame of the miracle. Furthermore, this doth not a little set forth the same, that being lifted up and set upon his feet, he leapeth up therewithal, and walketh joyfully. Went up together Because these words, επι το αυτο , doth no more signify place than time, this latter sense seemeth better to agree with the text of Peter, yet, because it is of no great importance, I leave it indifferent. That it is called the ninth hour of prayer, when as the day began to draw towards night. (165) For seeing the day from the rising of the sun unto the going down thereof had twelve hours, as I have said elsewhere, all that time was divided into four parts. So that by the ninth is meant the last portion of the day; as the first hour did continue unto the third, the third unto the sixth, the sixth unto the ninth. Hence may we gather, by a probable conjecture, that that hour was appointed for the evening sacrifice. Furthermore, if any man ask, whether the apostles went up into the temple that they might pray according to the rite of the law, I do not think that that is a thing so likely to be true, as that they might have better opportunity to spread abroad the gospel. And if any man will abuse this place, as if it were lawful for us to use and take up superstitious worshippings, whilst that we are conversant amongst the ignorant and weak, his reason shall be frivolous. The Lord appointed that the Jews should offer sacrifice morning and evening, ( Exodus 29:41 .) By this exercise were they taught to begin and end the day with calling upon the name of God, and with worshipping him, (166) ( Numbers 28:2 .) Therefore Peter and John might freely come into the temple, which was consecrated to God; neither did they pollute themselves, seeing they called upon the God of Israel, that they might thereby declare their godliness. First, in that the Lord would have the older people to observe the appointed hours, (167) we gather thereby that the Church cannot be without certain discipline. And even at this day, were it profitable for us to have such meetings daily, unless our too [too] much sluggishness did let us. And whereas the apostles go up at that hour, hereby we gather that we must foreslow [neglect] no opportunity that is offered us for the furtherance of the gospel. (164) “ Naturae autem vitium ,” but a natural defect. (165) “ Ad vesperum ,” towards evening. (166) “ Ab invocatione et cultu Dei ,” with invocation and worship of God. (167) “ Statas horas ,” stated hours. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
앞서 사도들의 손으로 많은 표적이 나타났음을 보았다. 이제 누가는 많은 사례 중 하나를 예시로 기록한다. 태어날 때부터 다리가 불편한 사람이 완전히 회복된 기적이다. 누가는 기적을 더욱 돋보이게 하는 모든 정황을 세심하게 수집한다. 만약 관절이 어긋났거나 어떤 사고로 생긴 질병이었다면 더 쉽게 고칠 수 있었을 것이다. 그러나 선천적 결함은 그렇게 쉽게 고쳐질 수 없는 것이다.
"그가 운반되었다"는 것을 통해 이것이 단순한 절름발이가 아니라, 마치 다리가 죽은 것처럼 누워만 있던 사람이었음을 알 수 있다. 날마다 구걸하던 사람이었기 때문에 모든 백성이 그를 잘 알 수 있었다. 치유된 후 기도 시간에 성전 안에서 걷게 된 것은 기적이 더 널리 알려지는 데 도움이 되었다. 또한 그가 들어 올려 세워지자 뛰어오르고 기쁘게 걸은 것도 기적을 더욱 드러내는 것이었다.
"함께 올라가더니"에서 헬라어 "에피 토 아우토"는 장소보다 시간을 의미할 수 있다. 기도의 제구시는 날이 저녁으로 기울어지는 시간이었다. 해 뜰 때부터 질 때까지의 낮 시간이 십이 시간이었으므로, 하루가 네 부분으로 나뉘었다. 제구시는 하루의 마지막 부분을 의미했다. 이 시간은 저녁 제사를 위해 정해진 시간이었을 것이다.
사도들이 율법의 관습에 따라 기도하기 위해 성전에 갔는가? 칼빈은 오히려 복음을 전파할 더 나은 기회를 위해서라고 본다. 주님은 유대인들에게 아침저녁으로 제사를 드리도록 명하셨다(출 29:41; 민 28:2). 베드로와 요한은 이스라엘의 하나님을 부르며 하나님께 봉헌된 성전에 자유롭게 들어갈 수 있었다. 주님이 구약 백성에게 정해진 시간을 지키도록 하신 것을 통해 교회는 어떤 규율 없이 존재할 수 없다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 사도들이 그 시간에 올라간 것에서, 복음의 진보를 위해 어떤 기회도 놓치지 않아야 함을 배운다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
3절 카드 ↗
3. He asketh an alms. We see how God restored this lame man to his limbs contrary to his expectation. Because he thought that his disease was incurable, he was only careful for maintenance. That is given him which he durst never have asked. In like sort God doth oftentimes prevent us, neither doth he stay until he be provoked. (168) And hence can we not gather any occasion of slothfulness, as if the Lord did therefore meet us of his own accord, that being idle and slothful we may suffer the Lord to do good unto us. For we are commanded to pray, and therefore let us not foreslow [neglect] our duty. (169) But, first of all, under the person of the lame man, we have set before us an example of a man that is not yet illuminated by faith, that he may know how to pray aright. Such doth God prevent, as it is needful, even of his own accord. Therefore, when as he restoreth our souls not only to health, but also to life, he himself is to himself the cause hereof. For this is the beginning of our calling, that he may make those things to be which are not; that he may show himself unto those who seek not after him, ( Romans 4:17 .) Furthermore, howsoever we be already taught by faith to pray unto God, yet, because we do not always feel our miseries, it cometh not into our mind to seek for remedy; therefore the Lord bringeth the same freely and unlooked for. Finally, howsoever we be bent to pray, yet doth he exceed our hope and petitions with his goodness. (168) “ A nobis povocetur ,” until he is urged by us. (169) “ Partes nostras non omittamus ,” let us not omit our part. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"그가 베드로와 요한이 성전에 들어가려 함을 보고 구걸하거늘"—하나님이 어떻게 이 불구자를 그의 기대와 반대로 그 지체를 회복시키셨는지 보라. 그는 자신의 병이 불치라고 생각했기 때문에 생계 유지에만 신경을 썼다. 그가 감히 구하지 못했던 것이 그에게 주어졌다. 하나님은 이처럼 우리를 먼저 찾아오시며, 우리가 그분을 촉구할 때까지 기다리지 않으신다.
그렇다고 해서 태만한 사람이 아무것도 하지 않아도 하나님의 은혜를 받을 수 있다는 구실로 삼을 수 없다. 우리는 기도하도록 명받았으니 우리의 의무를 게을리해서는 안 된다. 그러나 불구자의 인물 아래서 우리는, 아직 믿음으로 조명받지 못하여 올바르게 기도하는 방법을 모르는 사람의 예를 본다. 하나님은 이런 사람들에게 필요한 대로 스스로 먼저 찾아오신다. 따라서 그분이 우리의 영혼을 단순히 건강하게 회복시키실 뿐만 아니라 생명으로 회복시키실 때, 그분 자신이 그 원인이 되신다. 우리의 부르심의 시작은 그분이 없는 것을 있게 하시고, 찾지 않는 자들에게 나타나시는 것이다(롬 4:17). 더 나아가, 우리가 믿음으로 기도를 드리도록 가르침을 받았더라도 우리의 비참함을 항상 느끼지 못하기 때문에, 치료책을 구할 생각이 들지 않는다. 그러므로 주님은 자유롭게 그리고 예상치 못한 방식으로 그것을 가져다 주신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-3-3(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
4절 카드 ↗
4. Look upon us. Peter doth not thus speak before he be certain of the purpose and intent of God. And surely in these words he commandeth him to hope for some singular and unwonted benefit; yet here may a question be moved, whether they had power to work miracles so often as they would? I answer, that they were ministers of God’s power in such sort, that they did attempt nothing of their own will or proper motion, but the Lord wrought by them, when he knew that it was expedient it should be so. Hereby it came to pass that they healed one and not all. Therefore, as in other things, they had the Spirit of God to be their guide and director, so also in this point. Therefore, before such time as Peter commandeth the lame man to arise, he did east and fasten his eyes upon him; this steadfast looking upon him was not without some peculiar motion of the Spirit. Hereby it cometh to pass that he speaketh so surely (and safely, without all fear) of the miracle. Furthermore, he meant by this word to provoke the lame man to receive the grace of God; yet doth he look for nothing but for an alms. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"베드로가 요한과 더불어 주목하여 이르되 우리를 보라 하니"—베드로는 하나님의 의도와 뜻을 확신한 후에야 이렇게 말한다. 그가 어떤 특별하고 평범하지 않은 혜택을 소망하도록 명하는 것이다. 그런데 그들이 원하는 만큼 기적을 행할 능력이 있었는가? 그들은 하나님의 능력의 사역자들로서, 자신의 의지나 주도로는 아무것도 시도하지 않았다. 주님이 그것이 합당하다고 아실 때 그들을 통해 역사하셨다. 그래서 그들이 한 사람은 고치고 모두를 고치지 않았다. 따라서 다른 모든 일에서 성령이 그들의 안내자셨던 것처럼, 이 점에서도 그러했다.
베드로가 불구자에게 일어나라고 명하기 전에 그를 주목하여 바라보았다. 이 확고한 바라봄은 성령의 특별한 움직임 없이는 일어나지 않았다. 이로 인해 그가 기적에 대해 그처럼 담대하고 두려움 없이 말할 수 있었다. 또한 그는 이 말로 불구자가 하나님의 은혜를 받을 준비를 하도록 자극하려 했다. 그러나 불구자는 오직 구걸만을 기대하고 있었다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-4-4(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
6절 카드 ↗
6. Silver and gold. Peter doth truly excuse himself, that he doth want that help which the lame man did require. And therefore doth he declare, that if he were able to relieve his poverty he would willingly do it; like as every man ought to consider with himself what the Lord hath given him, that he may therewith help his neighbors. For what store soever God giveth to every man, he will have the same to be an instrument and help to exercise love. Therefore he saith, that he giveth that which he hath. This was at the first a trick of mockage, (170) in that Peter beginneth to speak of his poverty, after that he had brought the lame man into a rare hope, as if he meant to mock a gaping crow; but he comforteth him immediately, to the end the miracle might be had in greater estimation by the comparison. That is horrible wickedness, in that the Pope, when as he is created, doth most unshamefastly [shamelessly] abuse this place, making thereof a comical, or rather a scoffing play. There be two cells, or places made of stone, in the one whereof when he sitteth, and the people ask an alms, using these words of Peter, he casteth abroad crosses in the air with his fingers. When he is brought into the next tell, or place, he hath bags full of money. Then his angels cry unto him, “He hath dispersed, he hath given to the poor,” ( Psalms 112:9 .) I have made mention hereof, to the end all men may see that Satan doth questionless reign there, where they do so manifestly mock the sacred Word of God. And to the end I may return unto the former sentence, it is evident enough that Peter was instructed by a certain and sure revelation, when as he saith that he hath the gift of healing. In the name of Jesus. He saith that this is the work and benefit of Christ, that he restoreth to the cripple the use of his feet, for name is taken for power and empire, or government. Neither must we dream that there is any magical force in the sounding or pronouncing of the word, as the Jews do dote about the word Jehovah. To be short, Peter meant to declare that he was nothing but a minister, and that Christ was the author of the miracle. For this ought to have been, and was his care, that Christ might be made known unto the world, and that his name might be sanctified. But why doth he give Christ this epithet, or title, of Nazareth? I leave to other men their own judgment; but I think thus: Forasmuch as Christ was thus called in contempt, Peter meant of set purpose to express that that Jesus of Nazareth whom they had crucified, and whose name was despised and without glory amongst the Jews, and was to the most of them detestable, was nevertheless the Messias promised of God, and that all power was given unto him of the rather; as Paul saith, that he preacheth Christ and him crucified, ( 1 Corinthians 2:2 .) Arise and walk. This might seem to be a very ridiculous thing. For the cripple might have readily objected, Why hast thou not first given me legs and feet? For this is a plain mock, when as thou biddest a man without feet to go. But he believed Peter’s words; and he, which was at the first so slow, doth now with a ready and joyful mind embrace God’s benefit. Whereby appeareth both the force of the word, and also the fruit of faith. The force of the word is double, both in that the cripple is so touched that he doth forthwith obey without delay; and in that it giveth strength to his dead members, and doth, after a sort, renew the man. And faith also hath her reward, in that the cripple obeyeth him which commandeth him to rise not in vain. Therefore we see how God worketh by his Word, to wit, when he giveth success to the preaching thereof, that it may pierce into the minds of men; secondly, when he giveth those things with his hand which are promised there. Moreover, he suffereth not faith to be void, but she doth indeed truly enjoy all those good things which she looketh for, and which are offered unto her in the same Word. And we must remember that which I have already said, that we have in this history a type (171) or figure of our spiritual restoring; namely, that as the Word, laid hold on by faith, did restore the cripple to his limbs, so the Lord pierceth into our souls by the Word, that he may restore the same. And, first of all, he speaketh by man’s mouth, and pricketh us forward by the obedience of faith; that done, he moveth our hearts inwardly by his Spirit, that the Word may take lively root in us; finally, he reacheth out his hand, and by all means he finisheth his work in us. We gather out of Matthew that miracles must be thus handled. (170) “ Principio quidem erat hoc clusorium ,” at first, indeed, this was illusory. (171) “ Universalem typum ,” universal type. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"베드로가 이르되 은과 금은 내게 없거니와 내게 있는 이것을 네게 주노니 나사렛 예수 그리스도의 이름으로 일어나 걸으라 하고"—베드로는 불구자가 요구하는 도움이 자신에게 없다고 진실하게 밝힌다. 만약 그가 그의 가난을 구제할 수 있었다면 기꺼이 했을 것이다. 모든 사람은 주님이 주신 것으로 이웃을 도울 방법을 생각해야 한다. 하나님이 각 사람에게 주신 것이 무엇이든, 그것은 사랑을 행하는 도구이자 수단으로 삼으시려는 것이다. 그러므로 그는 자신에게 있는 것을 준다고 말한다.
"나사렛 예수의 이름으로"—이것이 그리스도의 역사이자 혜택이며, 그분이 불구자에게 발의 사용을 회복시키신 것이다. "이름"은 능력과 권세를 의미한다. 유대인들이 "여호와"라는 말에 대해 하는 것처럼, 말의 발음에 어떤 마법적인 힘이 있다고 생각해서는 안 된다. 베드로의 의도는 자신이 단지 사역자이며 그리스도가 기적의 저자이심을 선언하는 것이었다.
왜 그리스도에게 "나사렛"이라는 칭호를 붙였는가? 칼빈은 그리스도가 이 이름으로 경멸받았기 때문에, 베드로는 그들이 십자가에 못 박은 나사렛 예수—유대인들에게 멸시받고 영광 없는 이름을 가진 분—가 바로 하나님이 약속하신 메시아이며, 아버지로부터 모든 권세가 그에게 주어졌음을 의도적으로 표현했다고 본다. 바울이 그리스도와 그의 십자가를 전한다고 한 것과 같다(고전 2:2).
"일어나 걸으라"—이것은 처음에는 조롱처럼 보일 수 있다. 불구자는 "먼저 다리를 주시면 안 됩니까?"라고 반문할 수 있었다. 그러나 그는 베드로의 말을 믿었다. 처음에는 그렇게 느렸던 그가 이제 기꺼이 하나님의 은혜를 받아들인다. 이것은 말씀의 능력과 믿음의 열매 둘 다를 보여 준다. 말씀의 힘은 이중적이다. 불구자가 즉시 지체 없이 순종하도록 감동을 받았다는 것, 그리고 그의 죽은 지체에 힘을 주고 어떤 의미에서 사람을 새롭게 했다는 것이다.
또한 믿음도 보상을 받는다. 불구자가 헛되이 일어나라고 명하는 이를 순종하지 않았기 때문이다. 따라서 하나님이 말씀으로 역사하시는 방식을 본다. 그분이 그 전파에 성공을 주셔서 사람들의 마음에 스며들게 하고, 거기서 약속된 것들을 손으로 주신다. 더 나아가 그분은 믿음을 헛되이 버려두지 않으시며, 믿음은 그것이 바라는 모든 선한 것들을 실제로 누린다. 우리는 이 역사에서 영적 회복의 예표를 가진다는 것을 기억해야 한다. 믿음으로 붙잡은 말씀이 불구자의 지체를 회복시킨 것처럼, 주님은 말씀으로 우리 영혼을 뚫고 들어가 그것을 회복시키신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-6-6(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
9절 카드 ↗
9. And all the people saw. He beginneth now to declare the fruit of the miracle, to wit, that the cripple began to show his thankfulness by praising God, and that all the people were brought into great wondering. And here is a double fruit. For he which was healed doth acknowledge and set forth the benefit of God; on the other side, the people is moved, and the fame is spread abroad, many come to see it. And whereas Luke saith that they were filled with wondering, it doth only declare a preparation, which a more full proceeding (172) (and going forward) did at length follow. For it was necessary that they should go forward, because this their wondering had served to no end of itself, but did rather make them astonied and amazed, than bring them (from their own proceedings) unto God. Therefore it was, as it were, the foundation of the building which was to come, in that the people was touched with amazedness. For if we pass over the works of God contemptibly or carelessly, we shall never be able to profit by them. Furthermore, this place cloth teach us what miracles do work of themselves in men; to wit, that they breed a confused amazedness. For although the Lord doth call us straightway unto himself, by showing plainly his goodness and power there, yet such is the weakness of our nature, that we stumble or faint in the midway, until such time as we be holpen by doctrine. Let us, therefore, learn reverently to consider the works of God, that the wondering at them may make an entrance for doctrine. For when doctrine is cold and unprofitable with us, God doth justly punish our unthankfulness by this means, because we have despised the glory of his works. Again, because we are not so quick of sight, that we can see so much in the works of God alone, as is sufficient, let us learn to join therewithal the help of doctrine. (173) To be brief, the one ought not to be separated from the other. Which thing experience doth sufficiently teach us. For hereby it came to pass that the world did so wickedly abuse miracles. The Papists do object unto us miracles again and again. Let us suppose that they be true, whereof they make such boast, yet do they greatly err in this, that they wrest them to a wrong end; to wit, that they may darken the name of God, and infect the pure truth of the gospel with their inventions. For whence come so many superstitious worshippings of saints, save only from the abuse of miracles? For when any miracle is wrought, men must needs be moved. And because they are deaf when they should hear the Word, and do not mark what God cloth mean, Satan doth craftily take an occasion of superstition by our amazedness. (174) As, for example, I will acknowledge the power of God in a miracle. If it were wrought by Peter, Satan will by and by put this in my head, and will say thus: (175) Dost thou not see that this is a man of God? (176) therefore thou dost owe unto him divine honor. The same thing had befallen the Jews when they were amazed, unless Peter’s sermon had called them back into the right way. But in Popery, where none did call them back or reprove them, (177) the preposterous wondering of men did easily get the upper hand. Wherefore, we must so much the more (178) seek for medicine out of the Word, that doctrine may direct us unto the right end, being lifted up (179) with the miracles. (172) “ Profectus ,” progress, or profiting. (173) “ Si volumus ad scopum pervenire ,” if we would attain to the mark, omitted. (174) “ Ex nostro stupore ,” from our stupor, or stupidity. (175) “ Suggeret mihi ,” will suggest to me. (176) “ Divinum hominem ,” a divine man. (177) “ Ubi nullus ecarguebat superstitionem ,” where none condemned the superstition. (178) “ Magis sollicite ,” the more anxiously. (179) “ Erectos ,” when we are lifted up, or aroused by. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"모든 백성이 그 걷는 것과 하나님을 찬미함을 보고"—기적의 열매를 선언하기 시작한다. 치유된 사람이 하나님을 찬양하며 감사를 표현하고, 모든 백성이 큰 경이로움에 빠진다. 두 가지 열매가 있다. 치유받은 자는 하나님의 은혜를 인정하고 선포한다. 다른 쪽으로는 백성이 움직이고 소문이 퍼지며 많은 사람이 보러 온다.
누가가 그들이 경이로움으로 가득 찼다고 하는 것은 단지 준비를 나타낼 뿐이다. 더 완전한 진행이 마침내 따라와야 했다. 만약 이것이 그 자체로만 끝난다면 아무 목적을 달성하지 못한다. 그들을 놀라고 경악하게 만들 뿐이지, 하나님께로 이끌지 못하기 때문이다. 따라서 그것은 다가올 건물의 토대였다. 백성이 경이로움에 사로잡혔기 때문이다. 하나님의 역사들을 경멸하거나 무관심하게 지나친다면 그것들에서 유익을 얻을 수 없다.
또한 이 구절은 기적이 사람들 안에서 그 자체로 무엇을 하는지 가르쳐 준다. 혼란스러운 경이로움을 낳는 것이다. 주님이 그분의 선하심과 능력을 그곳에서 분명히 보여 주심으로써 즉시 우리를 자신에게로 부르시지만, 우리의 본성의 연약함으로 인해 교리의 도움을 받기 전까지 중간에 걸려 넘어지거나 쓰러진다. 따라서 경건하게 하나님의 역사를 고찰하여 그것들에 대한 경이로움이 교리를 위한 입구가 되도록 배워야 한다. 교리가 우리에게 냉담하고 열매 없을 때, 하나님은 우리가 그분의 역사의 영광을 경멸했기 때문에 마땅히 우리의 배은망덕을 이런 방식으로 처벌하신다.
또한 기적이 종종 미신으로 남용된다는 것도 알 수 있다. 교황주의자들은 기적을 자주 우리에게 반박 근거로 제시한다. 그것들이 참이라고 가정하더라도, 그들이 잘못된 목적으로 그것들을 왜곡하는 데 크게 잘못이 있다. 하나님의 이름을 어둡게 하고 복음의 순수한 진리를 자신들의 발명들로 더럽히는 것이다. 성인들에 대한 그토록 많은 미신적 예배는 어디서 왔는가? 기적의 남용에서다. 사탄은 우리의 경이로움의 기회를 영리하게 이용하여 미신을 조장한다. 베드로의 설교가 유대인들을 올바른 길로 돌이킨 것처럼, 말씀에서 치료책을 찾아야 교리가 기적에 의해 고양되어 올바른 목적으로 인도해 준다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-9-9(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
11절 카드 ↗
11. In the porch. It is like that there was a porch built in that place where Solomon’s porch was sometimes, and that it took the name therefrom. For the old temple was pulled down, but Zerubbabel and Ezra, ill the re-edifying and new building of the same temple, had imitated the same, so nigh as they could possibly devise. Afterward Herod renewed the same, and made it far more gorgeous, but that vain cost which he had bestowed had not yet blotted out the remembrance of Solomon in the hearts of the people. And Luke nameth the same as a most famous place, whereunto the people ran together (by heaps, to celebrate their feasts unto God at the times appointed.) return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-12" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"나은 사람이 베드로와 요한을 붙잡으니 모든 백성이 크게 놀라며 솔로몬의 행각이라 불리는 곳에 모여 달려오거늘"—솔로몬의 행각은 솔로몬의 행각이 있던 곳에 세워진 것이다. 옛 성전은 무너졌지만 스룹바벨과 에스라가 성전을 재건할 때 할 수 있는 한 그것을 모방했다. 이후 헤롯이 그것을 훨씬 더 웅장하게 새로 만들었지만, 그가 쏟아부은 허영된 비용도 아직 백성들의 마음에서 솔로몬의 기억을 지우지 못했다. 누가는 이곳을 명절에 하나님을 예배하기 위해 무리가 모이던 가장 유명한 장소로 언급한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-11-11(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
12절 카드 ↗
12. Men of Israel He beginneth his sermon with a reproving of the people. And yet doth he not simply reprove them because they wonder; for that was altogether profitable and worthy praise; but because they do wickedly ascribe unto men that praise which is due to the work of God. As if he should say, Ye do amiss, in that you stay in us, and stand gazing upon us, whereas you ought rather to look upon God and Christ. Therefore, this is to be amazed evilly, when as our minds do stay in men. And we must note that he condemneth the respect of men; as if, saith he, we by our own power and virtue had done this. Therefore there is an error and corruption in this, if we attribute that unto the godliness and power of men which is proper to God and Christ. And, as concerning power, no man will deny that it cometh of God; yet when they have confessed this in one word, they do not cease to take from God his right, to the end they may adorn the creatures with that which they take from him; as we see the Papists place the power of God in the saints; yea, they include his power in a stone or stock of wood, so soon as the image is consecrated to Barbara or Chrysogonus. But, notwithstanding, let us suppose that they do not offend in that former member; yet do they foolishly think that they have done their duty toward God, when as they leave him the power, and assign the miracles unto the godliness of saints. For why do they run unto them, when they will obtain either rain or fair weather, or be delivered from diseases, unless they do imagine that they have by their godliness deserved that God should grant them this right and privilege? This is, therefore, but a childish starting-hole, (180) when they confess that God is the author of the power; but they thank the godliness of saints for those benefits which they have received. Howsoever they color the matter, we must always know this, that Peter doth generally condemn those which do so look unto men in miracles, that they think that their holiness is the cause thereof. This is the first part of the sermon, wherein he reproveth superstition. And we must note his manner and order of teaching. For because men are inclined to nothing more than to fall from God unto the creatures, it is very expedient to prevent this vice in time. And if the people were forbidden to look unto the apostles, much more doth the Spirit draw us away from calling upon every petty saint. (180) “ Effugium ,” evasion or subterfuge. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"베드로가 이것을 보고 백성에게 말하되 이스라엘 사람들아 이 일을 왜 기이히 여기느냐 우리 개인의 권능과 경건으로 이 사람을 걷게 한 것처럼 왜 우리를 주목하느냐"—그는 설교를 백성에 대한 꾸짖음으로 시작한다. 그러나 단순히 그들이 놀란다고 꾸짖는 것이 아니다. 그것은 완전히 유익하고 칭찬할 만한 일이기 때문이다. 그들이 악하게 사람들에게 하나님의 역사의 찬양을 돌리기 때문이다. 마치 "우리 안에 머물며 우리를 바라보는 것이 잘못이다. 오히려 하나님과 그리스도를 바라보아야 한다"고 말하는 것 같다.
따라서 사람들 안에 머무는 것이 나쁜 경이로움이다. 그는 사람들에 대한 존중을 정죄한다. "우리 자신의 능력과 덕으로 이것을 행한 것처럼"이라고 말한다. 따라서 하나님과 그리스도에게 고유한 것을 사람들의 경건과 능력에 돌린다면 오류이고 부패다. 능력에 관해서 누구도 그것이 하나님에게서 온다는 것을 부정하지 않을 것이다. 그러나 한 말로 그것을 인정한 후에도, 창조물을 하나님에게서 빼앗은 것으로 장식하기 위해 하나님의 권리를 빼앗는 것을 멈추지 않는다. 교황주의자들이 하나님의 능력을 성인들 안에 두는 것을 보라.
그러므로 백성들에게 사도들을 바라보는 것을 금했다면, 성령은 더욱더 우리를 온갖 작은 성인들에게 부르는 것에서 멀어지게 하신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-12-12(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
13절 카드 ↗
13, 14. The God of Abraham. He addeth a remedy now in calling them back unto Christ. And the sum is this, That this is God’s purpose in those miracles which he worketh by the apostles to set forth the glory of his Christ; whereupon it followeth that all those do deal disorderly who set up Peter, or any other, whatsoever he be, forasmuch as all men must decrease, and Christ alone must be excellent, ( John 3:30 .) Here appeareth a manifest difference between Christ and the apostles. First of all, he is the author, they are only the ministers; secondly, this is the lawful end, that he alone may have the glory; and as for them there is no respect to be had of them as concerning glory; for certainly they which do glorify any in miracles besides Christ, they set themselves flatly against the counsel of God. He maketh mention of the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to the end he may declare unto the people that he meaneth nothing less than to lead them away from the old and ancient worship of the true God, which they had received of the fathers. Furthermore, God hath given himself this title, that he might (dissever and) distinguish himself by some mark from idols; for we do not comprehend God in his essence, which cannot be seen, and which is infinite; therefore, he useth such means as agree best with us, to bring us to the knowledge of him. The Turks do boast that they do worship God, which is the creator of heaven and earth; but before they come at heaven they vanish away. Therefore, to the end God might keep his people from vain and erroneous inventions, he kept them in his covenant; therefore, when he calleth himself the God of Abraham, he did briefly teach that which Moses declareth more at large, ( Deuteronomy 30:12 ,) “Say not, Who shall ascend into heaven? Who shall go down into the depth? Or who shall sail over the seas? The word is nigh,” etc. Furthermore, as amongst the Jews the name of the holy fathers was in high estimation, so Peter doth closely (181) tell them, that they were no better than other men, without the only begotten Son of God. And at this day God will be known by a more evident mark yet, when as he calleth himself the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Let us now return unto Peter; he saith that he bringeth in no new religion, that. he may draw away the people from the law and the prophets; for if he should attempt this, God had forbidden them to hear him, ( Deuteronomy 13:3 .) Like as Paul teacheth, that we must retain one foundation in the spiritual building, ( 1 Corinthians 3:11 ,) because, so soon as we depart even but a little from Christ, there can nothing ensue but ruin. And hereby also we may easily discern in what sense he calleth God the God of the fathers; for neither doth he take this for a general maxim, that what manner of worship soever the fathers had, we must continue the same, as the Papists do foolishly vaunt that they do follow the manner of worshipping which was used amongst the fathers; for Peter doth expressly reckon up Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, from whom true religion did proceed, and by whom it was divinely delivered; whereby he doth signify unto us, that we must not follow all fathers, whereof many did grow out of kind, and became altogether unlike to the first fathers; that this honor is due to the children of God alone, and that others are to be refused; which thing the prophets do also beat in (182) everywhere: “Walk not in the ways of your fathers,” etc., ( Ezekiel 20:18 .) Whom ye have delivered He mingleth with doctrine a most sharp chiding, according as the matter did require; for it was impossible to bring them truly unto God, unless they were first brought to the knowledge of their sins; neither doth he only lightly touch them, but he doth very gravely show them the horribleness of that offense which they had committed. To this end tendeth that comparison, that they delivered him to be put to death, whom Pilate would have loosed; and again, that, pardoning a murderer, they put the Prince of life to death; that they did reject the just and holy. Men must be so stricken, that being brought to know their guiltiness, they may earnestly fly unto the remedy of pardon. Such vehemence and earnestness did Peter also use in his first sermon; he saith afterward that God raised him up, whereby they ought to know that, in putting Christ to death, they did strive against God; although Peter had respect unto an higher thing, to wit, that their cruelty did no whit impair the glory of Christ, because God had nevertheless restored him to life. When as he saith, that he and his fellows in office were witnesses of the resurrection, his meaning is, that they saw it with their eyes, ( Luke 24:48 .) Therefore, this is referred not only unto the apostolical function, but because they saw Christ with their eyes after that he was risen from the dead; although I do also grant that this second thing is comprehended under these words, because it is likely that Peter doth make mention of that function which was committed unto him, to the end he may purchase the greater authority. (181) “ Tacite admonet ,” tacitly reminds them. (182) “ Inculcant ,” inculcate. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-16" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"아브라함과 이삭과 야곱의 하나님 곧 우리 조상의 하나님이 그의 종 예수를 영화롭게 하셨느니라 너희가 그를 넘겨 주고 빌라도가 놓아 주기로 결의한 것을 너희가 그 앞에서 부인하였으니 너희가 거룩하고 의로운 이를 부인하고 도리어 살인한 사람을 놓아 주기를 구하여"—이제 그리스도께로 그들을 돌이킴으로써 치료책을 덧붙인다. 요점은 이것이다. 하나님의 목적은 사도들을 통해 행하시는 기적들에서 자신의 그리스도의 영광을 드러내시는 것이다. 따라서 베드로나 다른 사람을 높이는 사람들은 무질서하게 행동하는 것이다. 모든 사람은 감소해야 하고 그리스도만이 탁월해야 하기 때문이다(요 3:30).
그리스도와 사도들 사이의 명백한 차이가 나타난다. 첫째, 그분은 저자이시고 그들은 단지 사역자들이다. 둘째, 합법적인 목적은 그분만이 영광을 받으시는 것이다. 기적에서 그리스도 외의 다른 누구를 영화롭게 하는 사람들은 하나님의 뜻에 정면으로 대항하는 것이다.
"아브라함과 이삭과 야곱의 하나님"이라고 언급한 것은, 그가 그들을 조상들에게서 받은 참된 하나님을 예배하는 것에서 멀어지게 하려는 것이 아님을 선언하기 위함이다. 더 나아가 하나님이 우상들과 구별되는 표를 위해 이 칭호를 사용하셨다. 우리는 볼 수 없고 무한한 그분의 본질 안에서 하나님을 파악하지 못한다. 따라서 그분은 우리에게 가장 맞는 수단들을 사용하여 우리를 그분의 지식으로 인도하신다. 터키인들은 하늘과 땅의 창조자이신 하나님을 예배한다고 자랑한다. 그러나 그들은 하늘에 이르기 전에 사라져버린다. 하나님이 그분의 백성을 헛된 발명에서 지키기 위해 그들을 언약 안에 붙들어 두셨다. 그분이 아브라함의 하나님이라고 부를 때, 그분은 모세가 더 자세하게 선언하는 것을 간략히 가르치셨다(신 30:12).
베드로가 새로운 종교를 가져오는 것이 아님을 선언하는 이유는 율법과 선지자들에서 백성을 이끌어내기 위한 것이 아니기 때문이다. 그렇게 한다면 그분이 하나님이 그들에게 듣지 말도록 금하신 것을 시도하는 것이다(신 13:3). 그리고 모든 아버지를 따르는 것이 아니다. 많은 아버지들이 변질되어 첫 아버지들과 전혀 다르게 되었기 때문이다.
"너희가 그를 넘겨 주었다"—교리와 함께 가장 날카로운 책망을 섞는다. 그들을 진정으로 하나님께 인도하기 위해서는 먼저 자신들의 죄를 알도록 해야 했기 때문이다. 그는 가볍게 다루는 것이 아니라 그들이 저지른 범죄의 끔찍함을 매우 심각하게 보여 준다. 빌라도가 풀어 주려 했던 분을 그들이 죽음에 넘겨 주었다는 비교, 살인자를 용서하면서 생명의 주를 죽였다는 비교, 거룩하고 의로운 분을 거부했다는 것이 그 목적을 위한 것이다. 사람들은 자신의 죄책을 알게 되어 용서의 치료책으로 진지하게 피할 수 있도록 이렇게 타격받아야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-13-13(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
16절 카드 ↗
16. And in the faith of his name. When as he saith in the faith of his name, and his name; and again, the faith which is by him; this repetition is a token of a fervent affection, for because he was wholly given to set forth the glory of Christ, he beateth in [inculcateth] the same thing oftentimes. Moreover, we see that when Paul is occupied about the showing and setting forth of the grace of Christ, he thinketh that he hath never spoken enough touching the same; and surely such is the wicked nature of men, that Christ cannot be so highly extolled, and so preached, that his honor can remain sound unto him. Let us, therefore, remember that Peter did use such variety and plenty of words, to the end he might stay us in Christ. As touching the phrase, when as he saith, his name in the faith of his name hath strengthened, he showeth both the cause and the manner; the power of Christ had healed the cripple but by faith. When as he saith, the faith which is by him, by this word he signifieth unto us that our faith cannot arise up unto God unless it be grounded in Christ, and se, consequently, that this our faith doth look unto Christ and stay itself upon him, and so he showeth that there cat be no right faith in God when we pass over this mean. Furthermore, as he said before, that he and the other apostles were witnesses of Christ’s life, so he doth now declare that this life was manifestly proved unto the Jews by a sign or effect, because they see the cripple healed, in whom they had an excellent and evident token of the Divine power of Christ. And when as in this last member he maketh faith the cause of this soundness, he layeth unthankfulness to their charge by the way, unless they give faith her due praise; and although faith may be referred as well unto the man that was healed as unto the apostles, yet we need not to stand much about this manner, because the power of the gospel is set forth by synecdoche. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-17" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"그 이름을 믿으므로 그 이름이 너희가 보고 아는 이 사람을 성하게 하였나니 예수로 말미암아 난 믿음이 너희 모든 사람 앞에서 이같이 완전히 낫게 하였느니라"—"그의 이름의 믿음으로"와 "그의 이름이", 그리고 다시 "그로 말미암은 믿음"이라는 반복은 열렬한 감정의 표시다. 그가 전적으로 그리스도의 영광을 드러내는 데 헌신되어 있었기 때문에, 같은 내용을 여러 번 강조한다. 바울도 그리스도의 은혜를 보여주고 드러내는 데 몰두할 때, 이에 대해 충분히 말했다고 생각하지 않는다.
"그의 이름의 믿음으로"라고 할 때, 원인과 방식을 모두 보여 준다. 그리스도의 능력이 믿음으로 불구자를 치유했다. "그로 말미암은 믿음"이라고 할 때, 이 단어는 우리의 믿음이 그리스도 안에 근거하지 않으면 하나님에게로 올라갈 수 없음을 보여 준다. 따라서 우리의 믿음은 그리스도를 바라보고 그분께 의지하며, 이 수단을 통과하지 않고서는 하나님에 대한 올바른 믿음이 있을 수 없다.
또한 그와 다른 사도들이 그리스도의 생명의 증인이라고 한 것처럼, 이제 그는 그 생명이 유대인들에게 표징이나 효과로 분명하게 증명되었다고 선언한다. 그들이 그리스도의 신성한 능력의 탁월하고 분명한 표징을 치유받은 불구자 안에서 보기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-16-16(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
17절 카드 ↗
17. Because it was to be doubted, lest, being cast down with despair, they should refuse his doctrine, he doth a little lift them up. We must so temper our sermons that they may profit the hearers, for unless there be some hope of pardon left, the terror and fear of punishment doth harden men’s hearts with stubbornness; for that of David is true, That we fear the Lord when we perceive that he is unto us favorable, and easy to be pacified, ( Psalms 130:4 .) Thus doth Peter lessen the sin of his nation, because of their ignorance; for it had been impossible for them to have suffered and endured this conscience, if they had denied the Son of God, and delivered him to be slain, wittingly and willingly; and yet will he not flatter them, when as he saith that they did it through ignorance; but he doth only somewhat mitigate his speech, lest they should be overwhelmed and swallowed up of despair. Again, we must not so take the words as if the people did sin simply of ignorance, for under this there did lie hid hypocrisy; but as wickedness or ignorance doth abound, the action is named of the one or the other. This is, therefore, Peter’s meaning, that they did it rather through error and a blind zeal, than through any determined wickedness; but a question may be moved here, if ally man have offended wittingly and willingly, whether he shall surely fall into despair or not? I answer, that he doth not make mention in this place of all manner of sin; but only of the denying of Christ, and of the extinguishing of the grace of God, so much as in them did lie. If any man be desirous to know more concerning this, he may read the first chapter of the First Epistle to Timothy, ( Titus 1:13 .) As did also your rulers. First, this seemeth to be an improper comparison, for the scribes and the priests were carried headlong with a wonderful madness, and they were full of wicked unfaithfulness; (183) but the perverse study and zeal of the law did prick forward the people. Again, the people were incensed against Christ, inasmuch as their rulers did provoke them thereunto. I answer, that they were not all of one mind, for without doubt many of them were like unto Paul, unto whom that doth truly appertain, which he writeth elsewhere of the princes and rulers of this world, if they had known the wisdom of God they would never have crucified the Lord of glory; therefore, he speaketh not generally of all the rulers; but if any of them be curable, them doth he invite to repentance. (183) “ Perfidia ,” perfidy. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-18" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"형제들아 너희가 알지 못하여서 그리하였으며 너희 관리들도 그리하였느니라"—그들이 절망에 빠져 그의 교리를 거부할 것을 우려했기 때문에, 그는 약간 그들을 들어 올린다. 우리의 설교를 청중에게 유익이 되도록 절제해야 한다. 용서의 소망이 남아 있지 않으면 처벌의 공포와 두려움이 고집으로 사람들의 마음을 굳게 만들기 때문이다. 다윗의 말처럼, 주님이 우리에게 호의적이고 달래기 쉬운 분임을 느낄 때 우리가 그분을 경외한다(시 130:4).
따라서 베드로는 무지를 이유로 자기 민족의 죄를 경감시킨다. 그들이 고의적으로 하나님의 아들을 부인하고 살해에 넘겨 주었다면 그 양심을 견딜 수 없었을 것이다. 그러나 그는 그들이 무지로 행했다고 말할 때 그들에게 아첨하지 않는다. 그는 단지 절망에 압도되지 않도록 말을 어느 정도 완화하는 것이다. 또한 백성들이 단순히 무지로만 죄를 지은 것이 아님을 알아야 한다. 그 아래에 위선이 숨겨져 있었다. 그러나 악의나 무지가 더 많으냐에 따라 그 행위가 어느 한쪽으로 불린다. 그러므로 베드로의 의미는 그들이 결정된 악의보다는 오히려 오류와 맹목적인 열심으로 행했다는 것이다.
만약 어떤 사람이 알면서 고의로 죄를 지었다면 반드시 절망에 빠지는가? 베드로는 여기서 모든 종류의 죄가 아니라, 그리스도를 부인하고 하나님의 은혜를 그들이 할 수 있는 한 소멸시키는 것에 대해서만 말하고 있다. 더 알고 싶은 사람은 디모데전서 1장을 읽어 보라.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-17-17(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
18절 카드 ↗
18. And God Hereby it appeareth more plainly to what end he made mention of ignorance; for when he telleth them that God hath accomplished those things which he had foretold, he doth so touch their offense in the death of Christ, that it turneth to their salvation. Ignorance, saith he, hath made you guilty, yet God hath brought that to pass which he had determined, that Christ should redeem you by his death. This is a most notable consideration, when as we ponder and consider with ourselves, that through the wonderful counsel of God our evils are turned to another end to us, yet this doth no whir excuse us, for so much as in us lieth we cast away (184) ourselves by sinning; but that conversion whereof I have spoken is a notable work of God’s mercy, whereof we must speak, and which we must extol with humility. The Jews did what they could to extinguish all hope of life in the person of Christ; and yet, nevertheless, that death gave life as well to them as to the whole world. We must also remember that which we saw elsewhere, lest there should any false and absurd opinion creep in, that Christ was laid open to the lust of the wicked, that God is made the chief author by whose will his only Son did suffer. (184) “ Perdimus ,” destroy. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"그러나 하나님이 모든 선지자의 입으로 자기의 그리스도께서 고난 받으실 것을 미리 알게 하신 것을 이와 같이 이루셨느니라"—그가 무지를 언급한 목적이 더 분명하게 드러난다. 하나님이 예언하신 것들을 성취하셨다고 말할 때, 그리스도의 죽음에서 그들의 범죄를 건드리지만, 그것이 그들의 구원으로 돌아선다. "무지가 너희를 유죄로 만들었지만, 하나님은 그리스도가 죽음으로 너희를 구속하기로 작정하신 것을 이루셨다"는 것이다.
이것은 가장 주목할 만한 고찰이다. 우리의 악이 하나님의 놀라운 뜻을 통해 우리에게 다른 목적으로 돌아선다. 그러나 이것이 우리를 용서하지는 않는다. 우리는 죄를 짓는 한 스스로를 파멸시키기 때문이다. 그러나 내가 말한 그 전환은 겸손으로 말하고 칭송해야 할 하나님의 자비의 놀라운 역사다. 유대인들은 그리스도의 몸 안에서 모든 생명의 소망을 소멸시키려 했다. 그러나 그 죽음이 그들과 온 세상 모두에게 생명을 주었다. 또한 그리스도가 악인들의 욕망에 노출되었다는 거짓되고 터무니없는 의견이 생기지 않도록, 하나님이 그분의 독생자가 고난받도록 하신 주요 의지를 지닌 첫 번째 원인임을 기억해야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-18-18(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
19절 카드 ↗
19. Repent We must note, that when he exhorteth unto repentance, he doth also declare that there is remission of sins prepared for them before the face of God. For, as I said of late, no man can be stirred up to repentance, unless he have salvation set before him; but he which doth despair of pardon, being, as it were, given over unto destruction already, doth not ‘fear to run headlong against God obstinately. Hereby it cometh to pass that the Papists cannot deliver the doctrine of repentance. They babble, indeed, very much concerning the same; but because they overthrow the hope of grace, it cannot be that they should persuade their disciples unto the study of repentance. Moreover, I confess that they babble a little touching forgiveness of sins; but because they leave men’s souls in doubt and in fearfulness, and, furthermore, do cast them as it were into a labyrinth, (or place out of which they know not how to come,) this part of the doctrine being corrupt, they confound the other also. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-20" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"그러므로 너희가 회개하고 돌이켜 너희 죄 없이 함을 받으라 이같이 하면 새롭게 되는 날이 주 앞으로부터 이를 것이요"—회개를 권고할 때, 그는 동시에 하나님 앞에서 그들을 위해 죄 사함이 준비되어 있음을 선언한다. 구원이 그들 앞에 제시되지 않으면 아무도 회개로 자극받을 수 없다. 이미 멸망에 던져진 것처럼 용서를 절망하는 사람은 대담하게 하나님에게 달려드는 것을 두려워하지 않는다.
이로 인해 교황주의자들이 회개의 교리를 전달할 수 없다. 그들은 그것에 대해 많이 말하지만, 은혜의 소망을 무너뜨리기 때문에 제자들에게 회개의 연구를 권고할 수 없다. 그들은 죄 사함에 대해 조금 말하지만, 사람들의 영혼을 의심과 두려움 속에 두고, 더 나아가 출구를 알 수 없는 미로 속으로 내던지기 때문에, 이 교리 부분이 부패함으로써 다른 부분도 혼란에 빠뜨린다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-19-19(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
20절 카드 ↗
20. That when If we follow Erasmus and the old interpreter, this sentence shall be unperfect, (185) which may be made perfect, thus: When the time of refreshing shall come, you may also enjoy this refreshing; when Christ shall come to judge the world, you may find him a redeemer and not a Judge. But because Beza doth fitly translate it, After that they shall come, it is better to retain that which is not so racked; (186) so you resolve it thus: That sins are so forgiven against the day of the last judgment; because, unless we be cited to appear before God’s judgment-seat we are not greatly careful to pacify God. First of all, we must note, that he setteth before them the day of judgment, to the end the former exhortation may take the greater effect. For there is nothing which doth more prick us, than when we are taught that we must once give an account. For so long as our senses are holden and kept in this world, they are drowned, as it were, in a certain drowsiness, (187) that I may so call it. Wherefore the message of the last judgment must sound as a trumpet to cite us to appear before the judgment-seat of God. For then at last being truly awaked, we begin to think of a new life. In like sort, when Paul preached at Athens, God saith, that he doth now will all men to repent; because he hath appointed a day wherein he will judge the world, ( Acts 17:30 .) The sum is this, that Christ, who is now unto us a Master, when as he teacheth us by the gospel, is appointed of the Father to be a Judge, and shall come in his due time; and that, therefore, we must obey his doctrine betimes, that we may gather the fruit of our faith then. But some man may object, that Peter speaketh otherwise of the last day. For this doth not serve to make them afraid, when he saith, the time of refreshing. I answer, that there is a double prick, wherewith the faithful are pricked forward when as they are told of the last judgment. For the profit of faith doth not appear in this world, yea rather it seemeth to go well with the despisers of God; but the life of the godly is full of miseries. Therefore our hearts should oftentimes faint and quail, unless we should remember that the day of rest shall come, which shall quench all the heat of our trouble, and make an end of our miseries. The other prick whereof I spoke is this, when as the fearful judgment of God causeth us to shake off delicacy and drowsiness. So Peter mixeth in this place threatenings with promises, partly to the end he may allure the Jews unto Christ, and partly that he may prick them forward with fear. Furthermore, this is a thing much used in the Scripture, as it speaketh either unto the reprobate, or unto the elect, sometimes to make the day of the Lord doleful and fearful, sometimes to make the same pleasant and to be wished for. Peter therefore doth very well, who, whilst that he putteth the Jews in good hope of pardon, doth make the day of Christ pleasant to them, to the end they may desire the same. And shall send him. He saith expressly that Christ shall be Judge, to the end they may know that the contempt of the gospel shall not be unpunished. For how should not Christ punish the same? In the meanwhile, this doth greatly comfort the faithful, when as they know that it shall be in his hand to give salvation, who doth now promise and offer the same. He addeth, moreover, that he shall come who is now preached unto them. Whereby he taketh away all excuse of ignorance. As if he should say, Christ is preached unto you now before he come to judge the world; to the end that those who will embrace him may receive the fruit of their faith at that day; and to the end that others, who shall refuse him, may be punished for their unbelief. Although the Grecians do read this two ways; for some books (188) have προκεκηρυγμενον , that is, preached before; and other some προκεχειρισμενον , that is, showed, or set before their eyes. But both have one sense, to wit, that Christ is not offered unto them in vain now by the doctrine of the gospel; because he shall be sent the second time by his Father to be a Judge, armed and prepared to render vengeance, unless they embrace him now for their Redeemer. (185) “ Ecliptica ,” elliptic. (186) “ Coactum ,” forced. (187) “ Quodam, ut ita loquar veterno obruti sunt ,” are oppressed, so to speak, with a kind of lethargy. (188) “ Codices ,” manuscripts. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-21" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"또 주께서 너희를 위하여 예정하신 그리스도 곧 예수를 보내시리니"—이 문장이 어떻게 완성되는지에 대해 칼빈은 베자의 번역을 선호한다. "그것들이 올 때"가 아니라 "그것들이 온 후에"로 번역하는 것이다. 그렇게 하면 이렇게 해결된다. 죄가 마지막 심판의 날을 대비하여 용서된다는 것이다. 우리가 하나님의 심판석 앞에 불려 나가지 않는 한, 우리는 하나님을 화목시키는 데 그다지 신경을 쓰지 않기 때문이다.
무엇보다 먼저, 그가 심판의 날을 앞에 제시하는 것은 앞의 권고가 더 큰 효과를 가지도록 하기 위함이다. 우리를 가장 자극하는 것은 언젠가 심판을 받아야 한다고 가르침받을 때다. 우리의 감각이 이 세상에 붙들려 있는 한, 말하자면 어떤 나태함에 빠져 있다. 그러므로 마지막 심판의 메시지가 우리를 하나님의 심판석 앞에 불러내는 나팔처럼 울려야 한다.
베드로가 "새롭게 되는 날"이라고 말할 때 그것이 두려움의 도구가 아닌 것처럼 보인다. 칼빈은 마지막 심판을 들을 때 신자들이 자극받는 이중적인 찌름이 있다고 답한다. 믿음의 유익이 이 세상에서 나타나지 않고, 하나님을 경멸하는 자들이 오히려 잘 되는 것처럼 보인다. 경건한 자들의 삶은 비참함으로 가득 차 있다. 따라서 안식의 날이 올 것이며 그것이 우리 고통의 모든 열기를 식혀 주고 비참함을 끝낼 것임을 기억하지 않으면 자주 낙심하게 될 것이다. 다른 찌름은 하나님의 두려운 심판이 나태함과 안일함을 떨쳐버리게 하는 것이다.
따라서 베드로는 이 구절에서 위협과 약속을 혼합한다. 부분적으로는 유대인들을 그리스도께 유인하고, 부분적으로는 두려움으로 그들을 자극하기 위함이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-20-20(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
21절 카드 ↗
21. Whom the heaven must contain. Because men’s senses are always bent and inclined towards the gross and earthly beholding of God and Christ, the Jews might think with themselves that Christ was preached, indeed, to be raised up from the dead, yet could they not tell where he was; for no man did show them where he was. Therefore Peter preventeth them, when he saith that he is in heaven. Whereupon it followeth that they must lift up their minds on high, to the end they may seek Christ with the eyes of faith, although he be far from them, (189) although he dwell without the world in the heavenly glory. But this is a doubtful (190) speech; because we may as well understand it that Christ is contained or comprehended in the heavens, as that he doth comprehend the heavens. Let us not therefore urge the word, being of a doubtful signification; but let us content ourselves with that which is certain, that we must seek for Christ nowhere else save only in heaven, whilst that we hope for the last restoring of all things; because he shall be far from us, until our minds ascend high above the world. Until the time of restoring As touching the force and cause, Christ hath already restored all things by his death; but the effect doth not yet fully appear; because that restoring is yet in the course, and se, consequently, our redemption, forasmuch as we do yet groan under the burden of servitude. For as the kingdom of Christ is only begun, and the perfection thereof is deferred until the last day, so those things which are annexed thereunto do now appear only in part. Therefore, if at this day we see many things confused in the world, let this hope set us upon foot and refresh us, that Christ shall once come that he may restore tall things. In the mean season, if we see the relics of sin hang on us, if we be environed on every side with divers miseries, if the world be full of wasting and scattering abroad, let us bewail these miseries, yet so that we uphold with the hope of restoring. And this is the reason why Christ doth not appear by and by, (191) because the warfare of the Church is not yet full, (192) whose time, seeing it is appointed by God, it is not for us to prevent the same. (193) Which he spoke. I do not expound this of the times alone, but I refer it unto the whole period; so that the sense is this: That whatsoever he had spoken before of the kingdom of Christ is witnessed by all the prophets. Certes, the gospel doth win no small credit hereby, that so soon as God began to show himself to the world, he did always set Christ before them; after that he began to speak unto the fathers, he did always lay this foundation of doctrine. By the same argument Paul commendeth the gospel, both in the beginning of his Epistle to the Romans, ( Romans 1:1 ,) and also in the end, ( Romans 16:25 ,) to wit, that it is no new thing, but promised even from the beginning. (194) This is true antiquity, which is able to purchase credit to doctrine: when as God himself is the author, the holy prophets the witnesses, and the continual course of times confirmeth the testimony. This confirmation was especially necessary for the Jews, who being brought up in the doctrine of the law, ought to admit nothing but that which agreeth therewith. Therefore Peter doth command them only to mind those things which the prophets have testified of Christ. (189) “ Quamvis immensa locorum distamia sit remotus ,” although, in respect of place, he is at an immense distance from them. (190) “ Ambigua lequtio ,” an ambiguous expression. (191) “ Statim ,” immediately. (192) “ Completa ,” complete. (193) “ Antivertere ,” anticipate. (194) “ Ab ultima aetate ,” from the remotest age. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-22" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"하나님이 영원 전부터 거룩한 선지자들의 입을 통하여 말씀하신 바 만물을 회복하실 때까지는 하늘이 마땅히 그를 받아 두리라"—사람들의 감각이 항상 하나님과 그리스도를 육적이고 지상적으로 바라보는 데 기울어져 있었기 때문에, 유대인들은 그리스도가 죽음에서 부활하셨다고 전해지는데 어디 계신지 알 수 없다고 생각할 수 있었다. 따라서 베드로는 그분이 하늘에 계신다고 먼저 말한다. 이로써 그들이 믿음의 눈으로 그분을 찾기 위해 마음을 높이 들어 올려야 한다는 결론이 따른다. 비록 그분이 멀리 계시고, 세상을 벗어난 하늘의 영광 안에 거하시더라도.
"만물을 회복하실 때까지"—능력과 원인에 관해서는 그리스도가 이미 자신의 죽음으로 만물을 회복하셨다. 그러나 효과는 아직 완전히 나타나지 않았다. 그 회복이 아직 진행 중이고, 따라서 우리의 구속도 그러하다. 우리가 여전히 종살이의 짐 아래 신음하기 때문이다. 그리스도의 나라가 시작되었을 뿐 완성은 마지막 날로 미루어진 것처럼, 그에 붙어 있는 것들도 지금은 부분적으로만 나타난다. 따라서 오늘날 세상에서 많은 것이 혼란스럽게 보인다면, 그리스도께서 언젠가 만물을 회복하러 오실 것이라는 소망이 우리를 세우고 새롭게 해 준다.
"그가 말씀하신"—칼빈은 이것을 시대에만 관련시키지 않고 전체 기간에 적용한다. 그 뜻은 그리스도의 나라에 대해 이전에 말씀하신 것이 모든 선지자들에 의해 증언되었다는 것이다. 하나님이 세상에 자신을 드러내기 시작한 때부터 항상 그리스도를 제시하셨다. 아버지들에게 말씀하기 시작하셨을 때 항상 이 교리의 토대를 놓으셨다. 바울은 같은 논증으로 복음을 칭찬한다. 이것이 새로운 것이 아니라 처음부터 약속된 것임을 말함으로써(롬 1:1; 16:25). 이것이 교리에 신뢰를 얻게 할 수 있는 참된 고대다. 하나님 자신이 저자이시고, 거룩한 선지자들이 증인이며, 시대의 지속적인 흐름이 그 증언을 확인한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-21-21(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
22절 카드 ↗
22. By this argument he proveth that he goeth not about to cause them to revolt from Moses, because it is a part of the law to take heed to and obey this chief teacher. Here might a doubt arise, why Peter thought it more convenient to cite this testimony of Moses than others, seeing there were many others in readiness far more plain; but he did this for this cause, because he intreateth in this place of the authority of doctrine; and this was the best way to bring the Jews to be Christ’s disciples. For he should have preached in vain of all other things, unless they had been persuaded that his doctrine was reverently to be received. This is therefore the thing which Peter aimeth at, to bring them to hear Christ willingly, as the master whom God hath appointed to teach them. But here ariseth a question, which hath in it great difficulty; to wit, in that Peter applieth that unto the person of Christ which Moses spoke generally of the prophets. For although he make mention of a prophet in the singular number, yet the text [context] doth plainly declare, that he speaketh not of one alone; but that this word is put indefinitely. For after that Moses had forbidden the people to give themselves unto the superstitions of the Gentiles, by turning aside unto enchanters and soothsayers, he showeth them therewithal a remedy, whereby they may avoid all vanity; to wit, if they depend wholly upon the Word of God alone. By this means he promiseth that God will be careful at all times to send them prophets, that they may teach them aright. As if he should say, God will never suffer you to be destitute of prophets, of whom you may learn whatsoever shall be profitable for you to know. And Moses saith expressly, of thy brethren, to the end the Jews may know that the oracles of God are to be sought and set no where else, seeing that God had appointed unto them teachers of the kindred of Abraham. He addeth further, like unto me that they may know that they were not to hear God only at one time, or by the mouth of one man; but as God proceedeth to teach us by divers ministers throughout the continual course of time, so must we hold on in the obedience of the word. Now, the Jews were wont to reverence Moses; therefore, he will have them to give like honor to the prophets. I know that many would fain restrain it unto Christ. They catch at this word, whereas Moses doth testify that the prophet shall be like unto him, ( Deuteronomy 18:15 ,) whereas, notwithstanding, it is written, that there arose none like unto Moses. I confess that there is in both places the same note of likeness, yet in a diverse sense. For, in the second place, the likeness or equality is expressed, as it doth plainly appear. They catch also at another thing, that the prophet shall far excel Moses, of whom he beareth witness as a crier or herald. But this is never a whit stronger, because Moses goeth about to bring to pass that the word of God may be believed by whomsoever it be brought. Therefore, there is no cause why we should set ourselves to be laughed to scorn by the Jews, by wresting the words of Moses violently, as if he spoke of Christ alone in this place. Yet we must see whether Peter doth cite the testimony fitly, whose authority ought to serve for a sound reason. I say; that in Peter’s speech there is nothing which is not most convenient. For he saw that which all men ought to grant, that this testimony doth so appertain unto the other prophets, that yet notwithstanding it doth chiefly commend Christ, not only because that he is the prince and chief of all the prophets, but because all other former prophecies were directed toward him, and because God did at length speak absolutely by his mouth, For God spoke in divers manners, and at sundry times in times past3 unto our fathers by the prophets, he addeth the conclusion at length, in the last days in his only begotten Son, ( Hebrews 1:1 .) Therefore, it came to pass, that they wanted prophets for a certain years (195) before his coming; which thing is plainly gathered out of the words of Malachi, who, after he hath commanded the people to be mindful of the law, he passeth over by and by unto John Baptist and unto Christ, as if he should say, that the prophecies are now ended until the last revelation come, ( Malachi 4:4 ;) according to that, “The law and the prophets prophesied until John; after that the kingdom of God is preached,” ( Matthew 11:13 .) And that was so common amongst the people, that the woman of Samaria could say, according to the common fame and opinion, “We know that the Messias shall come, who will teach us all things,” ( John 4:25 .) Therefore, we know that after the return of the people all the prophets ceased, to the end they might be made more attentive to hear Christ, by that silence or intermission of revelations. Therefore, Peter did not wrest this place, or abuse the same through ignorance, but he took that doctrine which all men had received for a principle; that God had promised to teach his people at the first by his prophets as by means, (196) but at length principally by Christ, at whose hands they were to hope for the perfect manifestation and laying open of all things. And to this purpose serveth that excellent testimony or commendation wherewith his Father setteth him forth, “Hear him,” ( Matthew 17:5 .) (195) “ Aliquot...saecula ,” for some ages. (196) “ Velut intermedios .” as intermediate. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-23" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"모세가 말하되 주 하나님이 너희를 위하여 너희 형제 가운데서 나 같은 선지자 하나를 세우리니 너희가 무엇이든지 그의 모든 말을 들을 것이라"—이 논증으로 그는 백성들을 모세에게서 이탈시키려는 것이 아님을 증명한다. 이 으뜸 되는 교사에게 주의를 기울이고 순종하는 것이 율법의 일부이기 때문이다. 왜 베드로가 더 명확한 다른 많은 증언들 대신 모세의 이 증언을 인용했는가? 그가 교리의 권위를 다루고 있기 때문이다. 이것이 유대인들을 그리스도의 제자로 만드는 가장 좋은 방법이었다. 하나님이 그들을 가르치도록 임명하신 스승을 기꺼이 들으려 하지 않는다면, 다른 모든 것에 대해 헛되이 전파하는 것이기 때문이다.
그런데 여기서 큰 어려움이 있는 질문이 생긴다. 베드로가 모세가 선지자들 일반에 대해 말한 것을 그리스도의 인격에 적용한다는 것이다. 모세가 단수로 선지자를 언급하지만, 문맥은 그가 한 사람만을 말하는 것이 아님을 분명히 보여 주기 때문이다. 모세가 백성에게 이방인들의 미신에 빠지지 말라고 금한 후, 그는 모든 허영을 피할 수 있는 치료책을 보여 준다. 하나님의 말씀에만 전적으로 의지하는 것이다. 이로써 그는 하나님이 항상 선지자들을 보내어 그들을 올바르게 가르치실 것을 돌보실 것을 약속한다.
그러나 베드로는 이 구절을 왜곡하거나 무지로 남용한 것이 아니라, 모든 사람이 원칙으로 받아들인 교리를 취한 것이다. 하나님이 처음에는 선지자들을 통해 가르치시다가, 마침내 주로 그리스도를 통해 가르치시겠다고 약속하셨다는 것이다. 그 분에게서 모든 것의 완전한 나타남을 기대해야 한다. 이 목적을 위해 아버지께서 그를 탁월하게 칭찬하신다. "그의 말을 들으라"(마 17:5).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-22-22(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
23절 카드 ↗
23. Every soul. Here, by a most grievous punishment against the rebellious, the authority of all the prophets, but most of all of Christ, is established; and that for good causes. For seeing there is nothing that God doth account more precious than his word, it cannot be that he should suffer the same to be freely contemned. Therefore, if any man despised the law of Moses, he was adjudged to die the death. And hereunto Moses had respect when he said, “He shall be put away from among the people.” For God had adopted the stock and kindred of Abraham unto himself, upon this condition, that this might be sufficient for them unto the chiefest felicity to be reckoned in that number, as it is said in the Psalm, “Blessed is the people whose God is the Lord.” And in another place, “Blessed is the nation whom the Lord hath chosen to be his inheritance.” Wherefore it is not to be doubted, but that he pronounceth that he shall be blotted out of the book of life whosoever shall refuse to hear Christ. For he is not worthy to be accounted one of the Church, whosoever he be that refuseth to have him to be his Master, by whom alone God doth teach us, and by whom he will have us to hear himself; and he cutteth himself away from the body, whosoever he be that refuseth to be under the Head. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-24" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"누구든지 그 선지자의 말을 듣지 아니하는 자는 백성 중에서 멸망 받으리라 하였고"—가장 심각한 반역자들에 대한 처벌로 모든 선지자들, 그리고 무엇보다 그리스도의 권위가 확립된다. 하나님이 그분의 말씀만큼 귀하게 여기시는 것이 없으므로, 그분이 그것을 자유롭게 멸시받도록 허용하실 수 없다. 따라서 누군가가 모세의 율법을 멸시하면 죽음의 형벌을 받았다. "백성 중에서 끊어지리라"는 것은 하나님이 아브라함의 족속을 자신에게 입양하셨는데, 그 수에 들어가는 것이 최고의 행복이 되도록 하셨기 때문이다. 따라서 그리스도를 스승으로 삼기를 거부하는 사람은 생명책에서 지워질 것임을 선언한다. 그분을 통해서만 하나님이 우리를 가르치시고, 그분을 통해 하나님의 말씀을 듣기를 원하시는 분을 스승으로 삼기를 거부하는 사람은 교회의 지체로 여겨질 자격이 없다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-23-23(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
24절 카드 ↗
24. And all When as he saith that all the prophets do with one consent send their scholars unto Christ, that appeareth more plainly hereby, which I said, that the commendation of the gospel is contained under that testimony of Moses, and so, consequently, that the conclusion of prophecies is principally noted. Again, this maketh much for the certainty of the gospel, that all the prophets, for a long time, [series of ages,] do yet, notwithstanding, so temper their form of teaching with one consent, that they do testify altogether that men ought to hope for a certain, better, and more perfect thing. Therefore, whosoever will believe Moses and the prophets, he must needs submit himself unto the doctrine of Christ, without which all that is lame and imperfect which they taught, ( John 5:47 .) return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-25" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"또한 사무엘 때부터 이어 말한 모든 선지자도 이 때를 가리켜 말하였느니라"—모든 선지자들이 한 목소리로 그리스도께 자신들의 제자들을 보낸다는 것이 여기서 더 분명하게 나타난다. 모세의 증언 아래 복음의 칭찬이 포함되어 있으며, 따라서 예언들의 결론이 주로 언급된다는 내 말이 그렇게 나타나기 때문이다. 또한 모든 선지자들이 오랜 세월 동안 한 목소리로 자신들의 가르침 방식을 절제하여, 더 확실하고 더 나은 완전한 것을 소망해야 한다고 모두 증언하는 것이 복음의 확실성에 크게 기여한다. 따라서 모세와 선지자들을 믿으려는 사람은 반드시 그리스도의 교리에 복종해야 한다. 그것 없이는 그들이 가르친 것이 모두 불완전하다(요 5:47).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-24-24(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
25절 카드 ↗
25. You are the children. He signifieth that the grace of the covenant was appointed principally for them, which covenant God made with their fathers. And so as he pricked them forward to obey the gospel, by terrifying them with the terror of punishment, so he allureth them now again to receive the grace which is offered them in Christ; so that we see how that God omitteth nothing whereby he may bring us unto himself. And it is the duty of a wise minister so to prick forward the sluggish and slow bellies, that he do lead those gently which are apt to be taught; we must also note diligently this course of teaching, where Peter showeth that the gospel is assigned and appointed unto the Jews. For it is not sufficient to have the mercy of God preached unto us generally, unless we also know that the same is offered unto us by the certain ordinance of God. For this cause is it that Paul standeth so much upon the avouching of the calling of the Gentiles, ( Romans 15:18 ; Ephesians 3:3 ;) because, if any man should think that the gospel came unto him by chance, when as it was scattered here and there, faith should quail; (197) yea, there should be a doubtful opinion instead of faith. Therefore, to the end we may steadfastly believe the promise of salvation, this application (that I may so term it) is necessary, that God doth not cast forth uncertain voices, that they may hang in the air, but that he doth direct the same unto us by his certain and determinate counsel. Peter telleth the Jews, that Christ is promised unto them after this sort, to the end they may more willingly embrace him. And how proveth he this? because they are the children of the prophets and of the covenant. He calleth them the children of the prophets, which were of the same nation, and therefore were heirs of the covenant, which did belong unto the whole body of the people. For he argueth thus: God made his covenant with our fathers; therefore we, which are their posterity, are comprehended in the covenant. Whereby the doubting [doting] subtlety of the Anabaptists is refuted, who do expound the children of Abraham only allegorically; as if God had had no respect to his stock, when he said, “I will be the God of thy seed,” ( Genesis 17:7 .) Certainly Peter doth not speak in this place of the shadows of the law; but he affirmeth that this is of force under the kingdom of Christ, that God doth adopt the children together with the fathers; and so, consequently, the grace of salvation may be extended unto those which are as yet unborn, ( Romans 9:7 .) I grant, indeed, that many which are the children of the faithful, according to the flesh, are counted bastards, and not legitimate, because they thrust themselves out of the holy progeny through their unbelief. But this doth no whit hinder the Lord from calling and admitting the seed of the godly into fellowship of grace. And so, although the common election be not effectual in all, yet may it set open a gate for the special elect. As Paul intreateth in the 11th to the Romans, ( Romans 11:23 ,) whence we must set [seek] an answer for this question. And in thy seed He proveth that the covenant was made with the fathers, because God said unto Abraham, “In thy seed shall all nations be blessed,” ( Genesis 22:18 .) But if we admit Paul’s interpretation, this testimony shall make nothing for the present cause. Paul teacheth that Christ is this seed, ( Galatians 3:16 .) If the blessing be promised to all mankind by Christ, what is this to the especial or particular privilege of one nation? Secondly, Peter himself seemeth shortly after to subscribe to this exposition of Paul, when as he saith that Christ was sent, that in him the Jews may be blessed. For this could not be, unless Christ were that blessed seed. I answer, When Paul referreth it unto Christ, he standeth not upon the word seed, but he hath respect to an higher tiling; to wit, that it cannot be one seed, unless it be united and knit together in Christ, as in the Head. For Ismael and Isaac, although both of them be the sons of Abraham, yet do they not make one seed, because they be divided into two people. Therefore, though many be estranged from the family of Abraham, which came of hint according to the flesh, yet Moses noteth one certain body, when he promiseth the blessing unto the seed of Abraham. And whence cometh the unity, save only from the Head, which is Christ? In this sense doth Paul understand this word seed of Christ, although it be a noun collective; because, if you depart from hint, the posterity of Abraham shall be as torn members, neither shall there be any thing else in them, save only mere wasteless and scattering abroad. Peter agreeth with that doctrine, because he doth so extend the blessing unto all the people, that he doth, nevertheless, seek the fountain in Christ. Secondly, forasmuch as the Jews do what they can to wring [wrest] from us this testimony, the godly readers must arm themselves against their cavils; and so much the rather, because Christian writers have been too slack in this point, as I have said in the Epistle to the Galatians. First, as touching the word seed, there is no cause wily they should prattle that Paul doth not rightly restrain it unto Christ; for he doth not this simply, but in that respect whereof I have spoken. In which point, I confess, both our Latin and Greek interpreters have erred. Now, we must see what this manner of speech doth import. The Gentiles shall be blessed in the seed of Abraham. Our men think that there is some cause noted; to wit, that through that seed the Gentiles shall be blessed. The Jews toss this to and fro, because this phrase signifieth every where in the Scriptures, an example or similitude; as, on the other side, (198) to be cursed in Sodom, in Israel, or in another people, is to take them for a notable example of a curse. I answer, that it is a doubtful speech, and taken diversely, according to the circumstance of the places, which the Jews do cr
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"너희는 선지자들의 자손이요 또 하나님이 너희 조상과 더불어 세우신 언약의 자손이라 아브라함에게 이르시기를 땅 위의 모든 족속이 너의 씨로 말미암아 복을 받으리라 하셨으니"—언약의 은혜가 주로 그들을 위해 정해졌음을 의미한다. 하나님이 그들의 조상들과 맺으신 언약이다. 그들에게 복음에 순종하도록 처벌의 위협으로 자극했던 것처럼, 이제 그리스도 안에서 제공되는 은혜를 받아들이도록 다시 유혹한다. 이로써 하나님이 우리를 자신에게 이끌기 위해 어떤 것도 빠뜨리지 않으심을 볼 수 있다.
베드로는 복음이 유대인들에게 지정되고 임명되었음을 보여 준다. 하나님의 자비가 일반적으로 우리에게 전해지는 것으로는 충분하지 않다. 그것이 하나님의 확실한 명령에 의해 우리에게 제공되는 것임을 알아야 한다. 구원의 약속을 굳게 믿기 위해서는, 하나님이 불확실한 음성을 공중에 흩어놓지 않고 확실하고 결정적인 뜻으로 우리에게 향하게 하신다는 이 적용이 필요하다.
그가 유대인들에게 그리스도가 이런 방식으로 약속되었다고 말하는 것은 그들이 더 기꺼이 그분을 받아들이도록 하기 위함이다. 어떻게 이것을 증명하는가? 그들이 선지자들과 언약의 자손이기 때문이다. 선지자들의 자손이라고 부르는 것은 같은 민족이기 때문이다. 따라서 그들은 온 백성의 몸에 속한 언약의 상속자들이다. 하나님이 조상들과 언약을 맺으셨으니, 우리는 그들의 후손으로서 언약 안에 포함된다고 논증한다.
이것은 아브라함의 자녀들을 알레고리적으로만 해석하는 재세례파의 현혹하는 궤변을 논박한다. 하나님이 "내가 너의 씨의 하나님이 되리라"고 하실 때 자신의 혈통에 대한 고려가 없었다는 것처럼 말하기 때문이다(창 17:7). 베드로는 율법의 그림자를 말하는 것이 아니라, 이것이 그리스도의 나라 아래서도 유효하다고 확언한다. 하나님이 아버지들과 함께 자녀들을 입양하신다는 것이다. 따라서 구원의 은혜가 아직 태어나지 않은 자들에게도 확장될 수 있다(롬 9:7).
"네 씨 안에서"—모든 민족이 아브라함의 씨로 말미암아 복을 받을 것이다(창 22:18). 바울의 해석을 인정하면, 이 씨는 그리스도이시다(갈 3:16). 그러나 바울은 씨라는 단어에 머물지 않고, 더 높은 것—씨가 하나가 될 수 없다는 것, 머리이신 그리스도 안에서 하나로 연합되지 않으면—에 주목한다. 이스마엘과 이삭은 아브라함의 아들이지만 두 민족으로 나뉘어 하나의 씨가 되지 못한다. 따라서 모세는 아브라함의 씨에게 복을 약속할 때 하나의 확실한 몸을 가리킨다. 그리고 이 연합은 어디서 오는가? 오직 머리이신 그리스도에게서다. 바울은 이 의미에서 씨를 그리스도로 이해한다. 비록 집합 명사이지만, 그분에게서 떠나면 아브라함의 후손은 찢겨진 지체들처럼 될 것이기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-25-25(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
26절 카드 ↗
26. He hath raised up his Son. He gathereth out of the words of Moses that Christ is now revealed. But the words do seem to import no such thing; yet doth he reason fitly thus, because the blessing could no otherwise be, unless the beginning thereof did flow from the Messias. For we must always remember this, that all mankind is accursed, and, therefore, there is a singular remedy promised us, which is performed by Christ alone. Wherefore, he is the only fountain and beginning of the blessing. And if so be that Christ came to this end, that he may bless the Jews first, and, secondly, us, he hath undoubtedly done that which was his duty to do; and we shall feel the force and effect of this duty in ourselves, unless our unbelief do hinder us. This was a part of the priest’s office under the law, to bless the people; and, lest this should be only a vain ceremony, there was a promise added; as it is, ( Numbers 6:27 .) And that which was shadowed in the old priesthood was truly performed in Christ, ( Hebrews 7:1 .) Concerning which matter we have spoken more at large in the seventh chapter to the Hebrews. I like not Erasmus’s translation; for he saith, when he had raised him up, as if he spoke of a thing which was done long ago. But Peter meaneth rather, that Christ was raised up, when he was declared to be the author of the blessing; which thing, since it was done of late and suddenly, it ought to move their minds the more. For the Scripture useth to speak thus, as in the last place, of Moses, whereunto Peter alludeth. To raise up a prophet, is to furnish him with necessary gifts to fulfill his function, and, as it were, to prefer him to the degree of prophetical honor. And Christ was raised up then, when he fulfilled the function enjoined him by his Father, but the same thing is done daily when he is offered by the gospel, that he may excel amongst us. We have said that in the adverb of order, first, is noted the right of the first-be-gotten, because it was expedient that Christ should begin with the Jews, that he might afterward pass over unto the Gentiles. Whilst that he turneth. He doth again commend the doctrine of repentance, to the end we may learn to conclude under the blessing of Christ newness of life, as when Esaias promiseth that a “Redeemer should come to Zion,” he addeth a restraint; (200) “Those which in Jacob shall be turned from their iniquities.” For Christ doth not do away the sins of the faithful, to the end they may grant liberty to themselves to sin under this color; but he maketh them therewith all new men. Although we must diligently distinguish these two benefits which are linked together, that this ground-work may continue, that we are reconciled to God by free pardon, I know that other men turn it otherwise; but this is the true meaning of Luke; for he speaketh thus word for word, “In turning every one from his wickedness.” (200) “ Restrictionem ,” a reservation. return to ' Top of Page ' Acts Act 2 Acts Act Acts Act 4 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Acts 3". "Calvin's Commentary on the Bible". https://www.studylight.org/ commentaries/ eng/ cal/ acts-3.html. 1840-57. terms of use • privacy policy • • rights and permissions • contact sl • about sl • link to sl To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient contact form StudyLight.org © 2001-2026 Powered by Light speed Technology Ads Free Profile .sub-menu{font-size:12px;padding:10px 0;max-width:1260px;width:100%;background-color:#f7f7f7;color:#6b6b6b;border-bottom:5px solid #6b6b6b;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:absolute;z-index:9998} .sub-menu .menu-group{width:100%;margin:0 5px 0;padding:0 5px 0;border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer{display:none} .sub-menu .menu-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-name a{color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-ul li a{color:#6b6b6b;} .sub-menu .menu-ul li:hover{color:#DD8000} .search-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;-webkit-appearance:square-button;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px} .int-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .int-search-div .int-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:0 5px 0;margin-right:5px;width:30%;height:30px;flex:1 1 100%} .int-search-div .int-s-button{width:50px;margin-right:10px;height:30px;flex:0 0 50px} .int-selections-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px} .int-selections-div .int-s-section{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;width:70px;height:30px;flex:1 1 50%} .int-selections-div .int-s-translation{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px;width:40%;height:30px;flex:1 1 40%} .lex-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;width:95%;height:30px;font-size:13px;padding:5px;margin-right:5px} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;height:30px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px;width:100px} .lex-search-languages{width:95%;font-size:11px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:5px} .ill-quo-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;margin-top:10px} .ill-quo-s-query{font-size:15px;color:#6b6b6b;padding:0 10px 0;border:1px solid #dadada;height:30px;width:100px;margin-right:5px;flex:1 1 auto} .ill-quo-s-select{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;padding:5px;height:30px;margin-right:5px} .clickable{cursor:pointer} ia, qa{cursor:pointer;margin:0 4px; line-height:25px} @media only screen and (max-width: 899px) { .sub-menu{height:65%;overflow:scroll} .sub-menu .menu-group, .sub-menu .menu-group:first-child{border-right:0} .sub-menu .part2{margin-
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-act-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
"하나님이 그의 종을 세워 먼저 너희에게 보내사 너희로 하여금 돌이켜 각각 그 악함을 버리게 하여 복 주시려 하셨느니라"—그는 모세의 말씀에서 그리스도가 이제 나타나셨다는 것을 결론짓는다. 복은 메시아로부터 그 시작이 흘러나오지 않고서는 있을 수 없기 때문이다. 온 인류가 저주받았기 때문에, 오직 그리스도만으로 성취되는 특별한 치료책이 약속되었음을 항상 기억해야 한다. 그러므로 그분이 복의 유일한 샘이요 시작이시다.
그리스도가 먼저 유대인들을 복 주고 그다음 우리를 복 주기 위해 오셨다면, 의심할 여지 없이 그분의 의무를 다하셨다. 우리의 불신이 방해하지 않는 한, 우리 안에서 이 의무의 능력과 효과를 느끼게 될 것이다.
율법 아래에서 제사장의 직분 중 일부는 백성을 축복하는 것이었다. 이것이 단순한 의식에 그치지 않도록 약속이 덧붙여졌다(민 6:27). 옛 제사장직에서 그림자였던 것이 그리스도 안에서 참으로 성취되었다(히 7:1).
"돌이켜 각각 그 악함을 버리게 하여"—그는 다시 회개의 교리를 칭찬한다. 그리스도의 복 아래 새로운 삶을 포함시키는 것을 배우도록 하기 위함이다. 이사야가 "시온에 구속자가 오실 것이라"고 약속할 때 제한을 덧붙인다. "야곱에서 죄악을 돌이키는 사람들에게." 그리스도는 신자들의 죄를 없애시되, 그들이 이것을 구실로 자신들에게 죄짓는 자유를 허용하도록 하기 위함이 아니다. 그분은 그들을 새 사람으로 만드신다.
그러나 함께 연결된 이 두 혜택을 부지런히 구별해야 한다. 우리가 자유로운 용서로 하나님과 화목하게 된다는 이 기초가 계속 유지되도록 하기 위함이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-act-3-26-26(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역