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Jerusalem a Condemned Vine. . 1 And the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, 2 Son of man, What is the vine tree more than any tree, or than a branch which is among the trees of the forest? 3 Shall wood be taken thereof to do any work? or will men take a pin of it to hang any vessel thereon? 4 Behold, it is cast into the fire for fuel; the fire devoureth both the ends of it, and the midst of it is burned. Is it meet for any work? 5 Behold, when it was whole, it was meet for no work: how much less shall it be meet yet for any work, when the fire hath devoured it, and it is burned? 6 Therefore thus saith the Lord G OD ; As the vine tree among the trees of the forest, which I have given to the fire for fuel, so will I give the inhabitants of Jerusalem. 7 And I will set my face against them; they shall go out from one fire, and another fire shall devour them; and ye shall know that I am the LORD , when I set my face against them. 8 And I will make the land desolate, because they have committed a trespass, saith the Lord G OD . The prophet, we may suppose, was thinking what a glorious city Jerusalem was, above any city in the world; it was the crown and joy of the whole earth; and therefore what a pity it was that it should be destroyed; it was a noble structure, the city of God, and the city of Israel's solemnities. But, if these were the thoughts of his heart, God here returns an answer to them by comparing Jerusalem to a vine. 1. It is true, if a vine be fruitful, it is a most valuable tree, none more so; it was one of those that were courted to have dominion over the trees, and the fruit of it is such as cheers God and man ( Judges 9:12 ; Judges 9:13 ); it makes glad the heart, Psalms 104:15 . So Jerusalem was planted a choice and noble vine, wholly a right seed ( Jeremiah 2:21 ); and, if it had brought forth fruit suitable to its character as a holy city, it would have been the glory both of God and Israel. It was a vine which God's right hand had planted, a branch out of a dry ground, which, though its original was mean and despicable, God had made strong for himself ( Psalms 80:15 ), to be to him for a name and for a praise. 2. But, if it be not fruitful, it is good for nothing, it is as worthless and useless a production of the earth as even thorns and briers are: What is the vine-tree, if you take the tree by itself, without consideration of the fruit? What is it more than any tree, that it should have so much care taken of it and so much cost laid out upon it? What is a branch of the vine, though it spread more than a branch which is among the trees of the forest, where it grows neglected and exposed? Or, as some read it, What is the vine more than any tree if the branch of it be as the trees of the forest; that is, if it bear no fruit, as forest-trees seldom do, being designed for timber-trees, not fruit-trees? Now there are some fruit-trees which, if they do not bear, are nevertheless of good use, as the wood of them may be made to turn to a good account; but the vine is not of this sort: if that do not answer its end as a fruit-tree, it is worth nothing as a timber-tree. Observe, I. How this similitude is expressed here. The wild vine, that is among the trees of the forest, or the empty vine (which Israel is compared to, Hebrews 10:1 ), that bears no more fruit than a forest-tree, is good for nothing; it is as useless as a brier, and more so, for that will add some sharpness to the thorny hedge, which the vine-branch will not do. He shows, 1. That it is fit for no use. The wood of it is not taken to do any work; one cannot so much as make a pin of it to hand a vessel upon, Ezekiel 15:3 ; Ezekiel 15:3 . See how variously the gifts of nature are dispensed for the service of man. Among the plants, the roots of some, the seeds or fruits of others, the leaves of others, and of some the stalks, are most serviceable to us; so, among trees, some are strong and not fruitful, as the oaks and cedars; others are weak but very fruitful, as the vine, which is unsightly, low, and depending, yet of great use. Rachel is comely but barren, Leah homely but fruitful. 2. That therefore it is made use of for fuel; it will serve to heat the oven with. Because it is not meet for any work, it is cast into the fire, Ezekiel 15:4 ; Ezekiel 15:4 . When it is good for nothing else it is useful this way, and answers a very needful intention, for fuel is a thing we must have, and to burn any thing for fuel which is good for other work is bad husbandry. To what purpose is this waste? The unfruitful vine is disposed of in the same way with the briers and thorns, which are rejected, and whose end is to be burnt, Hebrews 6:8 . And what care is taken of it then? If a piece of solid timber be kindled, somebody perhaps may snatch it as a brand out of the burning, and say, "It is a pity to burn it, for it may be put to some better use;" but if the branch of a vine be on fire, and, as usual, both the ends of it and the middle be kindled together, nobody goes about to save it. When it was whole it was meet for no work, much less when the fire has devoured it ( Ezekiel 15:5 ; Ezekiel 15:5 ); even the ashes of it are not worth saving. II. How this similitude is applied to Jerusalem. 1. That holy city had become unprofitable and good for nothing. It had been as the vine-tree among the trees of the vineyard, abounding in the fruits of righteousness to the glory of God. When religion flourished there, and the pure worship of God was kept up, many a joyful vintage was then gathered in from it; and, while it continued so, God made a hedge about it; it was his pleasant plant ( Isaiah 5:7 ); he watered it every moment and kept it night and day ( Isaiah 27:3 ); but it had now become the degenerate plant of a strange vine, of a wild vine (such as we read of 2 Kings 4:39 ), a vine-tree among the trees of the wild grapes ( Isaiah 5:4 ), which are not only of no use, but are nauseous and noxious ( Deuteronomy 32:32 ), their grapes are grapes of gall, and their clusters are bitter. It is explained ( Ezekiel 15:8 ; Ezekiel 15:8 ): " They have trespassed a trespass, that is, they have treacherously prevaricated with God and perfidiously apostatized from him;" for so the word signifies. Note, Professors of religion, if they do not live up to their profession, but contradict it, if they degenerate and depart from it, are the most unprofitable creatures in the world, like the salt that has lost its savour and is thenceforth good for nothing, Mark 9:50 . Other nations were famed for valour or politics, some for war, others for trade, and retained their credit; but the Jewish nation, being famous as a holy people, when they lost their holiness, and became wicked, were thenceforth good for nothing; with that they lost all their credit and usefulness, and became the most base and despicable people under the sun, trodden under foot of the Gentiles. Daniel, and other pious Jews, were of great use in their generation; but the idolatrous Jews then, and the unbelieving Jews now since the preaching of the gospel, have been, and are, of no common service, not fit for any work. 2. Being so, it is given to the fire for fuel, Ezekiel 15:6 ; Ezekiel 15:6 . Note, Those who are not fruitful to the glory of God's grace will be fuel to the fire of his wrath; and thus, if they give not honour to him, he will get himself honour upon them, honour that will shine brightly in that flaming fire by which impenitent sinners will be for ever consumed. He will not be a loser at last by any of his creatures. The Lord has made all things for himself, yea, even the wicked, that would not otherwise be for him, for the day of evil ( Proverbs 16:4 ); and in those who would not glorify him as the God to whom duty belongs he will be glorified as the God to whom vengeance belongs. The fire of God's wrath had before devoured both the ends of the Jewish nation ( Ezekiel 15:4 ; Ezekiel 15:4 ), Samaria and the cities of Judah; and now Jerusalem, that was the midst of it, was thrown into the fire, to be burnt too, for it is meet for no work; it will not be wrought upon, by any of the methods God has taken, to be serviceable to him. The inhabitants of Jerusalem were like a vine-branch, rotten and awkward; and therefore ( Ezekiel 15:7 ; Ezekiel 15:7 ), " I will set my face against them, to thwart all their counsels," as they set their faces against God, to contradict his word and defeat all his designs. It is decreed; the consumption is determined: I will make the land quite desolate, and therefore, when they go out from one fire, another fire shall devour them ( Ezekiel 15:7 ; Ezekiel 15:7 ); the end of one judgment shall be the beginning of another, and their escape from one only a reprieve till another comes; they shall go from misery in their own country to misery in Babylon. Those who kept out of the way of the sword perished by famine or pestilence. When one descent of the Chaldean forces upon them was over, and they thought, Surely the bitterness of death is past, yet soon after they returned again with double violence, till they had made a full end. Thus they shall know that I am the Lord, a God of almighty power, when I set my face against them. Note, God shows himself to be the Lord, by perfecting the destruction of his implacable enemies as well as the deliverances of his obedient people. Those whom God sets his face, though they may come out of one trouble little hurt, will fall into another; though they come out of the pit, they will be taken in the snare ( Isaiah 24:18 ); though they escape the sword of Hazael, they will fall by that of Jehu ( 1 Kings 19:17 ); for evil pursues sinners. Nay, though they go out from the fire of temporal judgments, and seem to die in peace, yet there is an everlasting fire that will devour them; for, when God judges, first or last he will overcome, and he will be known by the judgments which he executes. See Matthew 3:10 ; John 15:6 . return to ' Top of Page ' Ezekiel Ezk 14 Ezekiel Ezk Ezekiel Ezk 16 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Ezekiel 15". 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Corinthians",url:"1-corinthians",abbr:"1Co",sl:"1co",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]},{num:46,name:"2 Corinthians",url:"2-corinthians",abbr:"2Co",sl:"2co",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]},{num:47,name:"Galatians",url:"galatians",abbr:"Gal",sl:"ga",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:48,name:"Ephesians",url:"ephesians",abbr:"Eph",sl:"eph",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:49,name:"Philippians",url:"philippians",abbr:"Phi",sl:"php",ch:[1,2,3,4]},{num:50,name:"Colossians",url:"colossians",abbr:"Col",sl:"col",ch:[1,2,3,4]},{num:51,name:"1 Thessalonians",url:"1-thessalonians",abbr:"1Th",sl:"1th",ch:[1,2,3,4,5]},{num:52,name:"2 Thessalonians",url:"2-thessalonians",abbr:"2Th",sl:"2th",ch:[1,2,3]},{num:53,name:"1 Timothy",url:"1-timothy",abbr:"1Ti",sl:"1ti",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:54,name:"2 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-ezk-15-001
절 (explains)
bible-text/ezk-15-1, bible-text/ezk-15-2, bible-text/ezk-15-3, bible-text/ezk-15-4, bible-text/ezk-15-5, bible-text/ezk-15-6, bible-text/ezk-15-7, bible-text/ezk-15-8
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**예루살렘 — 심판받은 포도나무**
> 여호와의 말씀이 내게 임하여 말씀하시기를, "인자야, 숲속 나무들 사이에 있는 포도나무가 다른 나무들보다 나은 것이 무엇이냐? 포도나무 가지를 어디에 쓸 수 있겠느냐? 그것으로 어떤 공예품을 만들 수 있겠느냐? 그것으로 못 하나라도 만들어 그 위에 무슨 그릇을 걸 수 있겠느냐? 보라, 그것이 불에 던져져 연료가 되면, 불이 그 양쪽 끝을 사르고 가운데도 태우느니라. 그러면 그것이 어디에 쓸모 있겠느냐? 온전할 때도 아무 공예품에 쓸모가 없었는데, 불이 그것을 사르고 태운 후에는 더욱더 쓸모가 없지 않겠느냐? 그러므로 주 하나님께서 이렇게 말씀하신다. 내가 숲속 나무들 가운데 있는 포도나무를 불에 연료로 준 것처럼, 이와 같이 내가 예루살렘 주민들을 불에 넘겨줄 것이다. 내가 그들을 대적하여 내 얼굴을 고정하리니, 그들은 한 불에서 나와도 다른 불이 그들을 삼킬 것이다. 내가 그들을 대적하여 내 얼굴을 세울 때, 너희는 내가 여호와인 줄 알게 될 것이다. 내가 그 땅을 황폐하게 만들리니, 이는 그들이 죄를 범하였음이라." 주 하나님의 말씀이니라.
> — 에스겔 15:1-8
선지자는 마음속으로 예루살렘이 세상 어느 도시보다 영광스러운 도시임을 생각하고 있었을 것이다. 예루살렘은 온 땅의 자랑이요 기쁨이었다. 그러므로 그것이 멸망하는 것은 얼마나 안타까운 일인가. 예루살렘은 하나님의 도성이요, 이스라엘의 엄숙한 모임들이 열리던 곳이었다. 그러나 그가 이런 생각을 품고 있었다면, 하나님은 여기서 예루살렘을 포도나무에 비유함으로써 그 생각에 답을 주신다.
**1. 포도나무가 열매를 맺을 때의 가치**
포도나무가 열매를 맺는다면 그것은 가장 귀중한 나무다. 나무들 가운데 왕이 되어 달라는 요청을 받기도 했고(사사기 9:12-13), 그 열매는 하나님과 사람을 기쁘게 하며 마음을 즐겁게 한다(시편 104:15). 이처럼 예루살렘도 귀하고 고귀한 포도나무로 심기었고 온전히 좋은 씨였다(예레미야 2:21). 만약 거룩한 도성이라는 자신의 성격에 걸맞은 열매를 맺었더라면, 그것은 하나님과 이스라엘 모두의 영광이 되었을 것이다. 예루살렘은 하나님의 오른손이 심은 포도나무요, 비천하고 보잘것없는 기원에서 나왔지만 하나님이 자신을 위하여 강하게 만드신 가지였다(시편 80:15).
**2. 열매를 맺지 않을 때의 무가치함**
그러나 열매를 맺지 않으면 포도나무는 아무 가치도 없다. 가시덤불과 엉겅퀴만큼이나 쓸모없고 무익한 것이 된다. 나무 자체만을 놓고 볼 때 포도나무가 다른 나무보다 나은 것이 무엇인가? 숲속 나무들 사이에서 자라는 가지와 다를 바가 없다면, 그것이 무슨 의미가 있는가? 어떤 과일나무는 열매를 맺지 않아도 목재로서 유용하게 쓰일 수 있다. 그러나 포도나무는 그렇지 않다. 열매나무로서 제 역할을 다하지 못하면 목재로서도 아무 값어치가 없다.
이 비유에서 보여주는 것을 살펴보자.
첫째, 포도나무는 아무 용도에도 적합하지 않다. 그 목재로는 어떤 공예품도 만들 수 없고, 그릇 하나 걸 못 하나조차 만들 수 없다(에스겔 15:3). 자연의 선물이 인간을 섬기는 방식이 얼마나 다양한지 보라. 식물 중에는 뿌리가 유용한 것, 씨나 열매가 유용한 것, 잎이 유용한 것, 줄기가 유용한 것이 있다. 나무 중에도 열매는 없으나 강한 것(참나무, 백향목)이 있고, 약하지만 열매가 풍성한 것(포도나무)이 있다. 포도나무는 모양이 좋지 않고 낮으며 의지하는 모습이지만 큰 유익을 준다. 라헬은 아름다우나 열매가 없고, 레아는 덜 아름다우나 열매가 많다.
둘째, 그러므로 연료로 사용된다. 다른 어떤 용도에도 적합하지 않기 때문에 불에 던져진다(에스겔 15:4). 다른 데 쓸모가 없을 때 이 방식으로는 유용하며 꼭 필요한 목적을 이룬다. 단단한 목재가 불에 붙으면 누군가가 불 속에서 꺼내어 "다른 좋은 용도에 쓸 수 있으니 태우기 아깝다"고 말할 수 있다. 그러나 포도나무 가지에 불이 붙어 양쪽 끝과 가운데가 모두 타오르면 아무도 그것을 구하려 하지 않는다. 온전할 때도 어떤 공예에도 적합하지 않았는데, 불이 다 사른 후에는 더욱 그러하다(에스겔 15:5). 그 재조차 가져갈 가치가 없다.
**3. 이 비유가 예루살렘에 적용되는 방식**
첫 번째로, 그 거룩한 도성은 무익하고 아무 쓸모도 없게 되었다. 예루살렘은 포도원의 포도나무처럼 하나님의 영광을 위한 의의 열매를 풍성히 맺던 곳이었다. 종교가 번성하고 하나님의 순수한 예배가 지켜지던 때에는 많은 기쁜 수확이 거두어졌다. 그러나 이제는 이상한 포도나무의 타락한 가지가 되었고, 들포도나무가 되었다. 쓸모없을 뿐 아니라 혐오스럽고 해로운 들포도나무가 된 것이다(신명기 32:32). 그 포도는 쑥 포도이고 그 송이는 쓰다.
이것은 에스겔 15:8에서 설명된다. "그들이 죄를 범하였음이라"는 말은 그들이 하나님과의 관계에서 배신하고 불신하게 변절했으며, 그분에게서 배교했음을 의미한다. 종교를 고백하는 사람들이 그 고백에 걸맞게 살지 않고 오히려 그것을 부정한다면, 타락하여 거기서 떠난다면, 그들은 세상에서 가장 무익한 사람들이 된다. 맛을 잃은 소금이 아무 쓸모가 없는 것처럼(마가복음 9:50). 다른 민족들은 용기나 지혜로 유명했고 어떤 민족은 전쟁으로, 다른 민족은 무역으로 명성을 얻었다. 그러나 유대 민족은 거룩한 백성으로 유명했기에 거룩함을 잃고 악해졌을 때 더 이상 아무 가치도 없게 되었다. 그 거룩함과 함께 그들의 모든 명예와 유익함도 사라졌고 세상에서 가장 비천하고 비루한 백성이 되어 이방인들에게 짓밟혔다. 다니엘과 다른 경건한 유대인들은 그 세대에 큰 유익을 끼쳤다. 그러나 우상을 섬기던 유대인들, 그리고 복음이 선포된 이후의 불신하는 유대인들은 아무 공통된 봉사에도 적합하지 않았다.
두 번째로, 그러므로 불에 연료로 넘겨진다(에스겔 15:6). 하나님의 은혜의 영광을 위해 열매를 맺지 않는 자들은 하나님의 진노의 불의 연료가 될 것이다. 이런 방식으로 하나님께 영광을 돌리지 않는 자들을 통해 하나님은 자신의 영광을 받으실 것이다. 하나님은 결국 자신의 피조물로부터 아무것도 잃지 않으신다. 주님은 모든 것을 자신을 위해 만드셨다. 달리 그분을 위하지 않으려 했던 악인도 재앙의 날을 위하여 지으셨다(잠언 16:4). 하나님을 마땅히 영광을 받으실 하나님으로 영화롭게 하지 않으려 한 자들 안에서도 하나님은 복수하시는 하나님으로 영광을 받으실 것이다.
하나님의 진노의 불은 이미 유대 민족의 양쪽 끝을 삼켰다(에스겔 15:4). 사마리아와 유다의 성읍들이 타올랐다. 이제 예루살렘, 곧 그 가운데도 불에 던져질 것이다. 예루살렘도 어떤 일에도 적합하지 않기 때문이다. 하나님이 취하신 어떤 방법으로도 그것을 그분을 섬기는 도구로 만들 수 없었다. 예루살렘 주민들은 썩고 비틀린 포도나무 가지 같다. 그러므로(에스겔 15:7), "내가 그들을 대적하여 내 얼굴을 세우리니, 그들이 하나님의 말씀을 거슬러 그 얼굴을 돌린 것처럼, 하나님도 그들의 모든 계획을 좌절시키실 것이다." 그 결정은 내려졌다. 멸망은 정해졌다. "내가 그 땅을 완전히 황폐하게 만들 것이니, 그들이 한 불에서 나와도 다른 불이 그들을 삼킬 것이다(에스겔 15:7)." 한 심판의 끝은 또 다른 심판의 시작이 될 것이다. 하나로부터의 탈출은 다음 것이 올 때까지의 유예에 불과하다. 그들은 자기 땅에서의 비참함에서 바벨론에서의 비참함으로 옮겨 갈 것이다. 칼을 피한 자들은 기근이나 역병으로 죽을 것이다. 바벨론 군대의 첫 침략이 끝나고 그들이 "이제 죽음의 쓴잔이 다 지나갔구나"라고 생각할 때, 곧 두 배의 맹렬함으로 다시 쳐들어와 마침내 완전히 끝낼 것이다.
"그들을 대적하여 내 얼굴을 세울 때, 너희는 내가 여호와인 줄 알게 될 것이다." 하나님은 자신의 완고한 원수들의 멸망을 완성하심으로써뿐만 아니라 순종하는 백성을 구원하심으로써 자신이 여호와임을 보이신다. 하나님이 얼굴을 돌리신 자들은 한 환난에서 벗어날 수 있을지 모르지만 또 다른 환난에 빠지게 된다. 구덩이에서 나와도 올가미에 걸리게 된다(이사야 24:18). 하사엘의 칼을 피해도 예후의 칼에 쓰러지게 된다(열왕기상 19:17). 악이 죄인들을 뒤쫓기 때문이다. 더 나아가 그들이 일시적 심판의 불에서 벗어나 평화롭게 죽는 것처럼 보일지라도, 그들을 영원히 삼킬 꺼지지 않는 불이 있다. 하나님은 처음이든 나중이든 반드시 이기시고, 그가 행하시는 심판으로 알려지실 것이기 때문이다. 마태복음 3:10과 요한복음 15:6을 보라.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-ezk-15-1-8(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
1~8절 카드 ↗
E Z E K I E L. CHAP. XV. Ezekiel has again and again, in God's name, foretold the utter ruin of Jerusalem; but, it should seem, he finds it hard to reconcile himself to it, and to acquiesce in the will of God in this severe dispensation; and therefore God takes various methods to satisfy him not only that it shall be so, but that there is no remedy: it must be so; it is fit that it should be so. Here, in this short chapter, he shows him (probably with design that he should tell the people) that it was as requisite Jerusalem should be destroyed as that the dead and withered branches of a vine should be cut off and thrown into the fire. I. The similitude is very elegant ( Ezekiel 15:1-5 ), but, II. The explanation of the similitude is very dreadful, Ezekiel 15:6-8 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-8" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-ezk-15-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
에스겔은 하나님의 이름으로 예루살렘의 완전한 멸망을 거듭 예언했다. 그러나 선지자 자신도 이 가혹한 심판에 대해 하나님의 뜻을 받아들이기 어려웠던 것으로 보인다. 그래서 하나님께서는 여러 방법을 통해 에스겔에게 이 일이 반드시 일어날 것임을, 그리고 달리 방도가 없음을 납득시키신다. 이 짧은 장에서 하나님은 에스겔에게(아마도 백성에게 전하도록 하심) 예루살렘이 멸망해야 하는 것이 마치 포도나무의 죽고 시든 가지가 잘려 불에 던져지는 것과 같이 마땅한 일임을 보이신다. 비유는 매우 우아하다(에스겔 15:1-5). 그러나 비유에 대한 설명은 매우 무섭다(에스겔 15:6-8).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-ezk-15-intro(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반