1~37절 카드 ↗
The Consecration of the Priests. . 1 And this is the thing that thou shalt do unto them to hallow them, to minister unto me in the priest's office: Take one young bullock, and two rams without blemish, 2 And unleavened bread, and cakes unleavened tempered with oil, and wafers unleavened anointed with oil: of wheaten flour shalt thou make them. 3 And thou shalt put them into one basket, and bring them in the basket, with the bullock and the two rams. 4 And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and shalt wash them with water. 5 And thou shalt take the garments, and put upon Aaron the coat, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate, and gird him with the curious girdle of the ephod: 6 And thou shalt put the mitre upon his head, and put the holy crown upon the mitre. 7 Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him. 8 And thou shalt bring his sons, and put coats upon them. 9 And thou shalt gird them with girdles, Aaron and his sons, and put the bonnets on them: and the priest's office shall be theirs for a perpetual statute: and thou shalt consecrate Aaron and his sons. 10 And thou shalt cause a bullock to be brought before the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the bullock. 11 And thou shalt kill the bullock before the LORD , by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. 12 And thou shalt take of the blood of the bullock, and put it upon the horns of the altar with thy finger, and pour all the blood beside the bottom of the altar. 13 And thou shalt take all the fat that covereth the inwards, and the caul that is above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and burn them upon the altar. 14 But the flesh of the bullock, and his skin, and his dung, shalt thou burn with fire without the camp: it is a sin offering. 15 Thou shalt also take one ram; and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the ram. 16 And thou shalt slay the ram, and thou shalt take his blood, and sprinkle it round about upon the altar. 17 And thou shalt cut the ram in pieces, and wash the inwards of him, and his legs, and put them unto his pieces, and unto his head. 18 And thou shalt burn the whole ram upon the altar: it is a burnt offering unto the LORD : it is a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD . 19 And thou shalt take the other ram; and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the ram. 20 Then shalt thou kill the ram, and take of his blood, and put it upon the tip of the right ear of Aaron, and upon the tip of the right ear of his sons, and upon the thumb of their right hand, and upon the great toe of their right foot, and sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about. 21 And thou shalt take of the blood that is upon the altar, and of the anointing oil, and sprinkle it upon Aaron, and upon his garments, and upon his sons, and upon the garments of his sons with him: and he shall be hallowed, and his garments, and his sons, and his sons' garments with him. 22 Also thou shalt take of the ram the fat and the rump, and the fat that covereth the inwards, and the caul above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and the right shoulder; for it is a ram of consecration: 23 And one loaf of bread, and one cake of oiled bread, and one wafer out of the basket of the unleavened bread that is before the LORD : 24 And thou shalt put all in the hands of Aaron, and in the hands of his sons; and shalt wave them for a wave offering before the LORD . 25 And thou shalt receive them of their hands, and burn them upon the altar for a burnt offering, for a sweet savour before the LORD : it is an offering made by fire unto the LORD . 26 And thou shalt take the breast of the ram of Aaron's consecration, and wave it for a wave offering before the LORD : and it shall be thy part. 27 And thou shalt sanctify the breast of the wave offering, and the shoulder of the heave offering, which is waved, and which is heaved up, of the ram of the consecration, even of that which is for Aaron, and of that which is for his sons: 28 And it shall be Aaron's and his sons' by a statute for ever from the children of Israel: for it is an heave offering: and it shall be an heave offering from the children of Israel of the sacrifice of their peace offerings, even their heave offering unto the LORD . 29 And the holy garments of Aaron shall be his sons' after him, to be anointed therein, and to be consecrated in them. 30 And that son that is priest in his stead shall put them on seven days, when he cometh into the tabernacle of the congregation to minister in the holy place. 31 And thou shalt take the ram of the consecration, and seethe his flesh in the holy place. 32 And Aaron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram, and the bread that is in the basket, by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. 33 And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, to consecrate and to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat thereof, because they are holy. 34 And if ought of the flesh of the consecrations, or of the bread, remain unto the morning, then thou shalt burn the remainder with fire: it shall not be eaten, because it is holy. 35 And thus shalt thou do unto Aaron, and to his sons, according to all things which I have commanded thee: seven days shalt thou consecrate them. 36 And thou shalt offer every day a bullock for a sin offering for atonement: and thou shalt cleanse the altar, when thou hast made an atonement for it, and thou shalt anoint it, to sanctify it. 37 Seven days thou shalt make an atonement for the altar, and sanctify it; and it shall be an altar most holy: whatsoever toucheth the altar shall be holy. Here is, I. The law concerning the consecration of Aaron and his sons to the priest's office, which was to be done with a great deal of ceremony and solemnity, that they themselves might be duly affected with the greatness of the work to which they were called, and that the people also might learn to magnify the office and none might dare to invade it. 1. The ceremonies wherewith it was to be done were very fully and particularly appointed, because nothing of this kind had been done before, and because it was to be a statute for ever that the high priest should be thus inaugurated. Now, (1.) The work to be done was the consecrating of the persons whom God had chosen to be priests, by which they devoted and gave up themselves to the service of God and God declared his acceptance of them; and the people were made to know that they glorified not themselves to be made priests, but were called of God, Hebrews 5:4 ; Hebrews 5:5 . They were thus distinguished from common men, sequestered from common services, and set apart for God and an immediate attendance on him. Note, All that are to be employed for God are to be sanctified to him. The person must first be accepted, and then the performance. The Hebrew phrase for consecrating is filling the hand ( Exodus 29:9 ; Exodus 29:9 ): Thou shalt fill the hand of Aaron and his sons, and the ram of consecration is the ram of fillings, Exodus 29:22 ; Exodus 29:26 . The consecrating of them was the perfecting of them; Christ is said to be perfect or consecrated for evermore, Hebrews 7:28 . Probably the phrase here is borrowed from the putting of the sacrifice into their hand, to be waved before the Lord, Exodus 29:24 ; Exodus 29:24 . But it intimates, [1.] That ministers have their hands full; they have no time to trifle, so great, so copious, so constant is their work. [2.] That they must have their hands filled. Of necessity they must have something to offer, and they cannot find it in themselves, it must be given them from above. They cannot fill the people's hearts unless God fill their hands; to him therefore they must go, and receive from his fulness. (2.) The person to do it was Moses, by God's appointment. Though he was ordained for men, yet the people were not to consecrate him; Moses the servant of the Lord, and his agent herein, must do it. By God's special appointment he now did the priest's work, and therefore that which was the priest's part of the sacrifice was here ordered to be his, Exodus 29:26 ; Exodus 29:26 . (3.) The place was at the door of the tabernacle of meeting, Exodus 29:4 ; Exodus 29:4 . God was pleased to dwell in the tabernacle, the people attending in the courts, so that the door between the court and the tabernacle was the fittest place for those to be consecrated in who were to mediate between God and man, and to stand between both, and lay their hands (as it were) upon both. They were consecrated at the door, for they were to be door-keepers. (4.) It was done with many ceremonies. [1.] They were to be washed ( Exodus 29:4 ; Exodus 29:4 ), signifying that those must be clean who bear the vessels of the Lord, Isaiah 52:11 . Those that would perfect holiness must cleanse themselves from all filthiness of flesh and spirit, 2 Corinthians 7:1 ; Isaiah 1:16-18 . They were now washed all over; but afterwards, when they went in to minister, they washed only their hands and feet ( Exodus 30:19 ; Exodus 30:19 ); for he that is washed needs no more, John 13:10 . [2.] They were to be clothed with the holy garments ( Exodus 29:5 ; Exodus 29:6 ; Exodus 29:8 ; Exodus 29:9 ), to signify that it was not sufficient for them to put away the pollutions of sin, but they must put on the graces of the Spirit, be clothed with righteousness, Psalms 132:9 . They must be girded, as men prepared and strengthened for their work; and they must be robed and crowned, as men that counted their work and office their true honour. [3.] The high priest was to be anointed with the holy anointing oil ( Exodus 29:7 ; Exodus 29:7 ), that the church might be filled and delighted with the sweet savour of his administrations (for ointment and perfume rejoice the heart ), and in token of the pouring out of the Spirit upon him, to qualify him for his work. Brotherly love is compared to this oil with which Aaron was anointed, Psalms 133:2 . The inferior priests are said to be anointed ( Exodus 30:30 ; Exodus 30:30 ), not on their heads, as the high priest ( Leviticus 21:10 ), the oil was only mingled with the blood that was sprinkled upon their garments. [4.] Sacrifices were to be offered for them. The covenant of priesthood, as all other covenants, must be made by sacrifice. First, There must be a sin-offering, to make atonement for them, Exodus 29:10-14 ; Exodus 29:10-14 . The law made those priests that had infirmity, and therefore they must first offer for their own sin, before they could make atonement for the people, Hebrews 7:27 ; Hebrews 7:28 . They were to put their hand on the head of their sacrifice ( Exodus 29:10 ; Exodus 29:10 ), confessing that they deserved to die for their own sin, and desiring that the killing of the beast might expiate their guilt, and be accepted as a vicarious satisfaction. It was used as other sin-offerings were; only, whereas the flesh of other sin-offerings was eaten by the priests ( Leviticus 10:18 ), in token of the priest's taking away the sin of the people, this was appointed to be all burnt without the camp ( Exodus 29:14 ; Exodus 29:14 ), to signify the imperfection of the legal dispensation (as the learned bishop Patrick notes); for the sins of the priests themselves could not be taken away by those sacrifices, but they must expect a better high priest and a better sacrifice. Secondly, There must be a burnt-offering, a ram wholly burnt, to the honour of God, in token of the dedication of themselves wholly to God and to his service, as living sacrifices, kindled with the fire and ascending in the flame of holy love, Exodus 29:15-18 ; Exodus 29:15-18 . The sin-offering must first be offered and then the burnt-offering; for, till guilt be removed, no acceptable service can be performed, Isaiah 6:7 . Thirdly, There must be a peace-offering; it is called the ram of consecration, because there was more in this peculiar to the occasion than in the other two. In the burnt-offering God had the glory of their priesthood, in this they had the comfort of it; and, in token of a mutual covenant between God and them, 1. The blood of the sacrifice was divided between God and them ( Exodus 29:20 ; Exodus 29:21 ); part of the blood was sprinkled upon the altar round about, and part put upon them, upon their bodies ( Exodus 29:20 ; Exodus 29:20 ), and upon their garments, Exodus 29:21 ; Exodus 29:21 . Thus the benefit of the expiation made by the sacrifice was applied and assured to them, and their whole selves from head to foot sanctified to the service of God. The blood was put upon the extreme parts of the body, to signify that it was all, as it were, enclosed and taken in for God, the tip of the ear and the great toe not excepted. We reckon that the blood and oil sprinkled upon garments spot and stain them; yet the holy oil, and the blood of the sacrifice, sprinkled upon their garments, must be looked upon as the greatest adorning imaginable to them, for they signified the blood of Christ, and the graces of the Spirit, which constitute and complete the beauty of holiness, and recommend us to God; we read of robes made white with the blood of the Lamb. 2. The flesh of the sacrifice, with the meat-offering annexed to it, was likewise divided between God and them, that (to speak with reverence) God and they might feast together, in token of friendship and fellowship. (1.) Part of it was to be first waved before the Lord, and then burnt upon the altar; part of the flesh ( Exodus 29:22 ; Exodus 29:22 ), part of the bread, for bread and flesh must go together ( Exodus 29:23 ; Exodus 29:23 ); these were first put into the hands of Aaron to be waved to and fro, in token of their being offered to God (who, though unseen, yet compasses us round on every side), and then they were to be burnt upon the altar ( Exodus 29:24 ; Exodus 29:25 ), for the altar was to devour God's part of the sacrifice. Thus God admitted Aaron and his sons to be his servants, and wait at his table, taking the mat of his altar from their hands. Here, in a parenthesis, as it were, comes in the law concerning the priests' part of the peace-offerings afterwards, the breast and shoulder, which were now divided; Moses had the breast, and the shoulder was burnt on the altar with God's part, Exodus 29:26-28 ; Exodus 29:26-28 . (2.) The other part, both of the flesh of the ram and of the bread, Aaron and his sons were to eat at the door of the tabernacle ( Exodus 29:31-33 ; Exodus 29:31-33 ), to signify that he called them not only servants but friends, John 15:15 . He supped with them, and they with him. Their eating of the things wherewith the atonement was made signified their receiving the atonement, as the expression is ( Romans 5:11 ), their thankful acceptance of the benefit of it, and their joyful communion with God thereupon, which was the true intent and meaning of a feast upon a sacrifice. If any of it was left, it must be burnt, that it might not be in any danger of putrefying, and to show that it was an extraordinary peace-offering. 2. The time that was to be spent in this consecration: Seven days shalt thou consecrate them, Exodus 29:35 ; Exodus 29:35 . Though all the ceremonies were performed on the first day, yet, (1.) They were not to look upon their consecration as completed till the seven days' end, which put a solemnity upon their admission, and a distance between this and their former state, and obliged them to enter upon their work with a pause, giving them time to consider the weight and seriousness of it. This was to be observed in after-ages, Exodus 29:30 ; Exodus 29:30 . He that was to succeed Aaron in the high-priesthood must put on the holy garments seven days together, in token of a deliberate and gradual advance into his office, and that one sabbath might pass over him in his consecration. (2.) Every day of the seven, in this first consecration, a bullock was to be offered for a sin-offering ( Exodus 29:36 ; Exodus 29:36 ), which was to intimate to them, [1.] That it was of very great concern to them to get their sins pardoned, and that though atonement was made, and they had the comfort of it, yet they must still keep up a penitent sense of sin and often repeat the confession of it. [2.] That those sacrifices which were thus offered day by day to make atonement could not make the comers thereunto perfect, for then they would have ceased to be offered, as the apostle argues, Hebrews 10:1 ; Hebrews 10:2 . They must therefore expect the bringing in of a better hope. 3. This consecration of the priests was a shadow of good things to come. (1.) Our Lord Jesus is the great high-priest of our profession, called of God to be so, consecrated for evermore, anointed with the Spirit above his fellows (whence he is called Messiah, the Christ ), clothed with the holy garments, even with glory and beauty, sanctified by his own blood, not that of bullocks and rams ( Hebrews 9:12 ), made perfect, or consecrated, through sufferings, Hebrews 2:10 . Thus in him this was a perpetual statute, Exodus 29:9 ; Exodus 29:9 . (2.) All believers are spiritual priests, to offer spiritual sacrifices ( 1 Peter 2:5 ), washed in the blood of Christ, and so made to our God priests, Revelation 1:5 ; Revelation 1:6 . They also are clothed with the beauty of holiness, and have received the anointing, 1 John 2:27 . Their hands are filled with work, to which they must continually attend; and it is through Christ, the great sacrifice, that they are dedicated to this service. His blood sprinkled upon the conscience purges it from dead works, that they may, as priests, serve the living God. The Spirit of God (as Ainsworth notes) is called the finger of God ( Luke 21:20 , compared with Matthew 12:28 ), and by him the merit of Christ is effectually applied to our souls, as here Moses with his finger was to put the blood upon Aaron. It is likewise intimated that gospel ministers are to be solemnly set apart to the work of the ministry with great deliberation and seriousness both in the ordainers and in the ordained, as those that are to be employed in a great work and entrusted with a great charge. II. The consecration of the altar, which seems to have been coincident with that of the priests, and the sin-offerings which were offered every day for seven days together had reference to the altar as well as the priests, Exodus 29:36 ; Exodus 29:37 . An atonement was made for the altar. Though that was not a subject capable of sin, nor, having never yet been used, could it be said to be polluted with the sins of the people, yet, since the fall, there can be no sanctification to God but there must first be an atonement for sin, which renders us both unworthy and unfit to be employed for God. The altar was also sanctified, not only set apart itself to a sacred use, but made so holy as to sanctify the gifts that were offered upon it, Matthew 23:19 . Christ is our altar; for our sakes he sanctified himself, that we and our performances might be sanctified and recommended to God, John 17:19 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-38-46" class="com-number"
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bible-text/exo-29-1, bible-text/exo-29-2, bible-text/exo-29-3, bible-text/exo-29-4, bible-text/exo-29-5, bible-text/exo-29-6, bible-text/exo-29-7, bible-text/exo-29-8, bible-text/exo-29-9, bible-text/exo-29-10, bible-text/exo-29-11, bible-text/exo-29-12, bible-text/exo-29-13, bible-text/exo-29-14, bible-text/exo-29-15, bible-text/exo-29-16, bible-text/exo-29-17, bible-text/exo-29-18, bible-text/exo-29-19, bible-text/exo-29-20, bible-text/exo-29-21, bible-text/exo-29-22, bible-text/exo-29-23, bible-text/exo-29-24, bible-text/exo-29-25, bible-text/exo-29-26, bible-text/exo-29-27, bible-text/exo-29-28, bible-text/exo-29-29, bible-text/exo-29-30, bible-text/exo-29-31, bible-text/exo-29-32, bible-text/exo-29-33, bible-text/exo-29-34, bible-text/exo-29-35, bible-text/exo-29-36, bible-text/exo-29-37
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**제사장들의 위임식**
"이것이 네가 그들에게 행하여 그들을 거룩하게 하여 내게 제사장 직분을 행하게 할 일이니 곧 수송아지 한 마리와 흠 없는 숫양 두 마리를 가져오고, 무교병과 기름 섞인 무교 과자와 기름 바른 무교 전병을 모두 고운 밀가루로 만들어 한 광주리에 담고 그것을 그 수송아지와 두 숫양과 함께 가져오라. 아론과 그의 아들들을 회막 문으로 데려다가 물로 씻기고, 의복을 가져다가 아론에게 속옷과 에봇 받침 겉옷과 에봇을 입히고 흉패를 붙이고 에봇의 정교한 띠를 띠우고, 그의 머리에 관을 씌우고 그 관 위에 거룩한 패를 달고, 관유를 가져다 그의 머리에 붓고 바르라. 그의 아들들도 데려다가 속옷을 입히고, 아론과 그의 아들들에게 띠를 띠우며 관을 씌워서 그들로 제사장 직분을 맡게 하라. 이것이 그들에게 영원한 규례가 되니라. 이같이 네가 아론과 그의 아들들에게 위임할지니라."
이 단락에서 율법이 다루는 것은 다음과 같다.
**I. 아론과 그의 아들들을 제사장 직분에 위임하는 법.** 이것은 매우 복잡하고 엄숙한 의식을 통해 행해져야 했는데, 이는 부름받은 자들 자신이 맡은 직무의 중요성을 깊이 깨닫게 하고, 백성들도 그 직분을 높이 여기며 아무도 감히 침범하지 못하도록 하기 위함이었다.
1. **위임식에 사용된 의식들**은 매우 상세하고 구체적으로 명시되었다. 이는 이런 일이 전에 한 번도 없었기 때문이며, 대제사장은 영원한 규례로서 이런 방식으로 취임해야 했기 때문이다.
(1) 행해야 할 일은 하나님께서 제사장으로 선택하신 사람들을 거룩히 구별하는 것이었다. 이를 통해 그들은 하나님의 섬김에 자신을 드리고 헌신하였으며, 하나님께서는 그들을 받으심을 선포하셨다. 또한 백성들은 그들이 스스로 영광을 취하여 제사장이 된 것이 아니라 하나님께 부르심을 받은 것임을 알게 되었다(히 5:4-5). 그들은 이로써 평범한 사람들과 구별되고, 일상적인 일들로부터 분리되어 하나님께 직접 섬기도록 구별되었다. 하나님을 위해 쓰임받을 모든 사람은 그분께 거룩히 드려져야 한다. 먼저 사람이 받아들여지고 그 다음에 그가 행하는 일이 받아들여진다. 위임식에 해당하는 히브리어 표현은 '손에 채운다'는 뜻이다(출 29:9, 22, 26). 그들을 거룩히 구별하는 것이 그들을 완전하게 하는 것이었다. 그리스도도 영원히 완전하게 되셨다고 했는데(히 7:28), 이것은 그가 거룩히 구별되셨다는 뜻이다. 이 표현은 아마도 희생 제물을 손에 쥐어 여호와 앞에 흔들게 했던 것에서 비롯된 듯하다(출 29:24). 그러나 이것은 다음을 함의한다. [1] 사역자들은 손이 가득 차 있다. 그들의 일이 너무나 크고 풍성하며 끊임없기에 빈둥거릴 시간이 없다. [2] 그들은 손에 무언가를 받아야 한다. 반드시 드릴 것이 있어야 하는데, 그것을 자신에게서 찾을 수 없고 위로부터 받아야 한다. 하나님께서 그들의 손을 채워 주시지 않으면 백성의 마음을 채울 수 없다. 그러므로 그들은 하나님께 나아가 그분의 충만함으로부터 받아야 한다.
(2) 이 일을 행할 사람은 하나님의 임명에 따라 모세였다. 백성들이 제사장을 세우는 것이 아니라, 하나님의 종 모세, 곧 하나님의 대리인이 이 일을 해야 했다. 하나님의 특별한 임명으로 모세가 지금 제사장의 일을 하였기에, 제사에서 제사장의 몫은 그에게 주어졌다(출 29:26).
(3) 장소는 회막 문이었다(출 29:4). 하나님께서는 회막에 머무시고 백성들은 뜰에서 섬기므로, 뜰과 성막 사이의 문은 하나님과 사람 사이를 중재해야 할 사람들—말하자면 두 편에 손을 얹어야 하는 사람들—을 거룩히 구별하기에 가장 적합한 장소였다. 그들은 문지기가 될 것이므로 문에서 거룩히 구별되었다.
(4) 위임식은 많은 의식과 함께 행해졌다.
[1] 그들은 씻어야 했다(출 29:4). 이는 여호와의 그릇을 드는 자는 깨끗해야 함을 의미한다(사 52:11). 거룩함을 온전히 이루려는 자는 육체와 영의 모든 더러움을 씻어야 한다(고후 7:1; 사 1:16-18). 그들은 지금 전신을 씻었다. 그러나 이후 섬기러 들어갈 때는 손과 발만 씻었는데(출 30:19), 이는 이미 씻은 사람은 그 이상이 필요 없기 때문이다(요 13:10).
[2] 그들은 거룩한 의복을 입어야 했다(출 29:5-6, 8-9). 이는 죄의 더러움을 벗는 것만으로는 부족하고, 성령의 은혜를 입어야 함, 곧 의로 옷 입어야 함을 의미한다(시 132:9). 그들은 띠를 띠어야 했는데, 이는 사역을 위해 준비되고 강건하게 된 사람들처럼이다. 또한 예복을 입고 관을 씌워야 했는데, 이는 자신의 일과 직분을 진정한 영예로 여기는 사람들처럼이다.
[3] 대제사장은 거룩한 관유로 기름 부음을 받아야 했다(출 29:7). 이는 교회가 그의 섬김의 향기로운 향기로 가득 차고 기뻐하게 하며(기름과 향이 마음을 기쁘게 하므로), 그를 그의 사역에 자격 있게 하는 성령 부으심의 표이다. 형제들 사이의 사랑은 아론에게 부은 이 기름에 비유된다(시 133:2). 하급 제사장들도 기름 부음을 받았다고 하지만(출 30:30), 대제사장처럼 머리에 바른 것이 아니라(레 21:10), 기름이 그들의 예복에 뿌린 피에 섞여 있었다.
[4] 그들을 위해 희생 제물이 드려져야 했다. 제사장 직분의 언약도 다른 모든 언약처럼 희생 제물로 맺어야 했다.
첫째, 속죄제가 있어야 했다(출 29:10-14). 율법은 연약함 있는 사람들을 제사장으로 삼았으므로, 그들은 먼저 자신의 죄를 위해 드린 후에야 백성을 위한 속죄를 할 수 있었다(히 7:27-28). 그들은 제물의 머리에 손을 얹어야 했는데(출 29:10), 이는 자신이 마땅히 죄로 인해 죽어야 함을 고백하고, 짐승을 죽이는 것이 자신의 죄책을 속하고 대속 제물로 받아들여지기를 구하는 것이었다. 다른 속죄제는 제사장들이 먹었지만(레 10:18), 이것은 진 밖에서 다 불태워야 했다(출 29:14). 이는 율법 제도의 불완전함을 나타내기 위함이다(학자 패트릭 주교가 언급한 바와 같이). 제사장들 자신의 죄도 그런 제물들로는 없애질 수 없었으므로, 그들은 더 나은 대제사장과 더 나은 제물을 기대해야 했다.
둘째, 번제가 있어야 했다—전부 불태우는 숫양이 하나님께 드려졌는데(출 29:15-18), 이는 하나님께 영광을 드리며 자신을 완전히 하나님과 그분의 섬김에 헌신함을 나타냈다. 거룩한 사랑의 불에 타올라 불꽃이 되어 승천하는 산 제물처럼이다. 속죄제를 먼저 드리고 번제를 드려야 했는데, 죄책이 제거되기 전까지는 어떤 섬김도 받아들여질 수 없기 때문이다(사 6:7).
셋째, 화목제가 있어야 했다. 이것을 위임의 숫양이라 한다. 나머지 두 제사보다 이 특별한 경우에 더 독특한 것이 있었기 때문이다. 번제에서는 하나님께서 그들의 제사장 직분의 영광을 받으셨고, 이것에서는 그들이 그 위안을 얻었다. 하나님과 그들 사이의 상호 언약의 표로서,
1. 희생 제물의 피가 하나님과 그들 사이에 나누어졌다(출 29:20-21). 피의 일부는 제단 사방에 뿌리고, 일부는 그들의 몸에—오른쪽 귀 끝과 오른손 엄지손가락과 오른발 큰발가락에(출 29:20)—그리고 의복에 뿌렸다(출 29:21). 이로써 제물로 이루어진 속죄의 유익이 그들에게 적용되고 확증되었으며, 그들의 온 몸이 머리부터 발끝까지 하나님의 섬김을 위해 거룩히 구별되었다. 피가 몸의 극단 부분, 곧 귀 끝과 발가락 끝에까지 발라졌는데, 이는 마치 그 모두가 하나님을 위해 감싸지고 취해진 것처럼—귀 끝도 큰발가락도 예외 없이. 우리는 예복에 피와 기름이 뿌려지면 얼룩지고 더럽혀진다고 생각한다. 하지만 거룩한 기름과 희생 제물의 피가 그들의 의복에 뿌려진 것은 상상할 수 있는 가장 큰 장식이었다. 이것들은 그리스도의 피와 성령의 은혜를 의미하기 때문인데, 이것들이 거룩함의 아름다움을 이루고 완성하여 우리를 하나님께 받아들여지게 한다. 우리는 어린양의 피로 희게 씻은 예복에 대해 읽는다.
2. 희생 제물의 고기도, 거기 첨부된 소제와 함께, 하나님과 그들 사이에 나누어졌다. 말하자면 하나님과 그들이 함께 식탁에 앉아 우정과 교제를 나타내기 위해서였다.
(1) 그것의 일부는 먼저 여호와 앞에 흔들고 제단 위에 태웠다. 고기의 일부(출 29:22)와 빵의 일부(출 29:23)—빵과 고기가 함께 가야 하므로—를 먼저 아론의 손에 쥐어 앞뒤로 흔들어 하나님께 드리고(비록 보이지 않으시지만 사방으로 우리를 둘러싸신 하나님께), 그것들을 제단 위에서 태웠다(출 29:24-25). 제단이 하나님의 제사에서 하나님의 몫을 태워버려야 했기 때문이다. 이로써 하나님께서는 아론과 그의 아들들을 자신의 종으로 인정하시고 그의 식탁에서 시중들게 하셨으며, 그들의 손에서 제단의 고기를 취하셨다. 여기서 괄호처럼 들어오는 것이 이후 평화 제사에서 제사장의 몫—가슴과 어깨—에 관한 법인데, 이것들이 지금 나뉘었다. 모세는 가슴을 받았고, 어깨는 하나님의 몫과 함께 제단에서 태워졌다(출 29:26-28).
(2) 나머지—숫양의 고기와 빵 모두—는 아론과 그의 아들들이 회막 문 앞에서 먹어야 했다(출 29:31-33). 이는 하나님께서 그들을 종으로만 아니라 친구로도 부르셨음을 나타낸다(요 15:15). 그분은 그들과 함께 저녁을 드셨고, 그들도 그분과 함께 드셨다. 속죄가 이루어진 것들을 먹는 것은 속죄를 받아들이는 것을 의미했다—즉 화목을 받아들임(롬 5:11), 그 유익을 감사히 수용함, 그리고 그로 인해 하나님과 기쁘게 교제함—이것이 희생 제물 위에서의 잔치의 참된 의미였다. 남은 것이 있으면 태워야 했는데, 부패할 위험을 방지하고, 이것이 특별한 화목제임을 보여주기 위해서였다.
2. **이 위임식에 사용해야 할 시간: 칠 일 동안 그들을 위임하라(출 29:35).** 비록 모든 의식이 첫날에 행해졌지만, (1) 그들은 칠 일이 끝날 때까지 위임식이 완성되었다고 여기지 말아야 했다. 이것은 그들의 취임에 엄숙함을 부여하고, 이전 상태와의 거리를 두었으며, 그 일의 무게와 진지함을 숙고할 시간을 주면서 그 사역에 임하도록 의무를 지웠다. 이것은 이후 시대에도 지켜져야 했다(출 29:30). 대제사장직에서 아론을 계승할 사람은 칠 일 동안 거룩한 의복을 입어야 했는데, 이는 신중하고 점진적으로 직분에 나아감을 표하고, 위임식 중에 안식일이 한 번 지나게 하기 위해서였다.
(2) 이 첫 번째 위임식의 칠 일 중 매일, 속죄를 위한 속죄제로 수송아지를 드려야 했다(출 29:36). 이것이 그들에게 시사하는 바는, [1] 죄 용서를 받는 것이 그들에게 매우 중요한 관심사이며, 비록 속죄가 이루어지고 그 위안을 누린다 하더라도 여전히 죄에 대한 회개하는 감각을 유지하고 그 고백을 자주 반복해야 한다는 것이다. [2] 속죄하기 위해 날마다 드린 그 제물들이 오는 자들을 온전하게 할 수 없었는데, 만일 그랬다면 드리기를 그쳤을 것이다—사도가 논증하는 대로(히 10:1-2). 그러므로 그들은 더 나은 소망의 도입을 기대해야 했다.
3. **제사장의 위임식은 앞으로 올 좋은 것들의 그림자였다.** (1) 우리 주 예수님은 우리의 위대한 대제사장이시다. 하나님께 부름받아 그 직분을 맡으셨고, 영원히 완전하게 되셨다. 동료들보다 더 많이 성령의 기름 부음을 받으셨으므로 메시아, 곧 그리스도라 불리신다. 영광과 아름다움인 거룩한 의복을 입으셨고, 황소와 숫양의 피가 아닌 자신의 피로 거룩히 구별되셨다(히 9:12). 고난을 통해 완전하게 되셨다, 곧 거룩히 구별되셨다(히 2:10). 이처럼 그분 안에서 이것은 영원한 규례가 되었다(출 29:9). (2) 모든 믿는 자는 영적 제사장이다—그리스도의 피로 씻겨 하나님께 제사장이 된다(계 1:5-6; 벧전 2:5). 그들도 거룩함의 아름다움으로 옷 입고 기름 부음을 받았다(요일 2:27). 그들의 손은 해야 할 일로 가득 차서 끊임없이 전념해야 한다. 그것은 위대한 제물 되신 그리스도를 통해서, 즉 그분께 이 섬김에 헌신된 것이다. 그리스도의 피가 양심에 뿌려지면 죽은 행실로부터 깨끗하게 하여 제사장으로서 살아 계신 하나님을 섬기게 한다. 또한 하나님의 성령이(에인스워스가 언급하듯) 하나님의 손가락이라 불리며(눅 21:20, 마 12:28과 비교), 모세가 손가락으로 아론에게 피를 발랐듯이, 그분을 통해 그리스도의 공로가 우리 영혼에 효과적으로 적용된다. 또한 복음 사역자들도 세우는 자와 세움받는 자 모두가 큰 사역을 맡고 큰 책임을 지는 사람으로서 크나큰 신중함과 진지함으로 사역에 엄숙히 구별되어야 함이 시사된다.
**II. 제단의 성결**은 제사장들의 성결과 동시에 이루어진 것으로 보인다. 칠 일 동안 매일 드린 속죄제는 제단에도, 제사장들에게도 관련이 있었다(출 29:36-37). 제단을 위해 속죄가 이루어졌다. 비록 그것이 죄를 지을 수 있는 것이 아니었고, 아직 사용된 적이 없으므로 백성들의 죄로 더럽혀졌다고 할 수도 없었지만, 타락 이후로는 하나님께 드리는 거룩함이 있으려면 먼저 죄를 위한 속죄가 있어야 한다. 그것은 우리로 하여금 하나님을 위해 쓰임받기에 합당하지 않고 적합하지 않게 만든다. 제단도 거룩히 구별되었는데, 그것 자체가 거룩한 용도에 구별될 뿐 아니라, 그 위에 드리는 예물을 거룩하게 할 만큼 거룩해졌다(마 23:19). 그리스도는 우리의 제단이시다. 그분은 우리와 우리의 행위들이 거룩히 구별되어 하나님께 드려지도록 우리를 위해 자신을 거룩히 구별하셨다(요 17:19).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-exo-29-1-37(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
1~46절 카드 ↗
E X O D U S CHAP. XXIX. Particular orders are given in this chapter, I. Concerning the consecration of the priests, and the sanctification of the altar, Exodus 29:1-37 . II. Concerning the daily sacrifice, Exodus 29:38-41 . To which gracious promises are annexed that God would own and bless them in all their services, Exodus 29:42-46 , &c. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-37" class="com-number"
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Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
출애굽기 29장에서 내려진 특별한 명령들은 두 가지로 나뉜다. 첫째, 제사장들의 위임식과 제단의 성결에 관한 것(출 29:1-37)이다. 둘째, 매일 드리는 제사에 관한 것(출 29:38-41)이다. 여기에는 은혜로운 약속들이 덧붙어 있는데, 하나님께서 그들의 모든 섬김을 인정하시고 복 주실 것이라는 내용이다(출 29:42-46).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-exo-29-intro(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
38~46절 카드 ↗
38 Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year day by day continually. 39 The one lamb thou shalt offer in the morning; and the other lamb thou shalt offer at even: 40 And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering. 41 And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD . 42 This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD : where I will meet you, to speak there unto thee. 43 And there I will meet with the children of Israel, and the tabernacle shall be sanctified by my glory. 44 And I will sanctify the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar: I will sanctify also both Aaron and his sons, to minister to me in the priest's office. 45 And I will dwell among the children of Israel, and will be their God. 46 And they shall know that I am the LORD their God, that brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, that I may dwell among them: I am the LORD their God. In this paragraph we have, I. The daily service appointed. A lamb was to be offered upon the altar every morning, and a lamb every evening, each with a meat-offering, both made by fire, as a continual burnt-offering throughout their generations, Exodus 29:38-41 ; Exodus 29:38-41 . Whether there were any other sacrifices to be offered or not, these were sure to be offered, at the public charge, for the benefit and comfort of all Israel, to make atonement for their daily sins, and to be an acknowledgement to God of their daily mercies. This was that which the duty of every day required. The taking away of this daily sacrifice by Antiochus, for so many evenings and mornings, was that great calamity of the church which was foretold, Daniel 8:11 . Note, 1. This typified the continual intercession which Christ ever lives to make, in virtue of his satisfaction, for the continual sanctification of his church: though he offered himself once for all, yet that one offering thus becomes a continual offering. 2. This teaches us to offer up to God the spiritual sacrifices of prayer and praise every day, morning and evening, in humble acknowledgement of our dependence upon him and our obligations to him. Our daily devotions must be looked upon as the most needful of our daily works and the most pleasant of our daily comforts. Whatever business we have, this must never be omitted, either morning or evening; prayer-time must be kept up as duly as meat-time. The daily sacrifices were as the daily meals in God's house, and therefore they were always attended with bread and wine. Those starve their own souls that keep not up a constant attendance on the throne of grace. II. Great and precious promises made of God's favour to Israel, and the tokens of his special presence with them, while they thus kept up his institutions among them. He speaks as one well pleased with the appointment of the daily sacrifice; for, before he proceeds to the other appointments that follow, he interposes these promises. It is constancy in religion that brings in the comfort of it. He promises, 1. That he would keep up communion with them; that he would not only meet Moses, and speak to him, but that he would meet the children of Israel, ( Exodus 29:43 ; Exodus 29:43 ), to accept the daily sacrifices offered up on their behalf. Note, God will not fail to give those the meeting who diligently and conscientiously attend upon him in the ordinances of his own appointment. 2. That he would own his own institutions, the tabernacle, the altar, the priesthood ( Exodus 29:43 ; Exodus 29:44 ); he would take possession of that which was consecrated to him. Note, What is sanctified to the glory of God shall be sanctified by his glory. If we do our part, God will do his, and will mark and fit that for himself which is in sincerity given up to him. 3. That he would reside among them as God in covenant with them, and would give them sure and comfortable tokens of his peculiar favour to them, and his special presence with them ( Exodus 29:45 ; Exodus 29:46 ): I will dwell among the children of Israel. Note, Where God sets up the tabernacle of his ordinances he will himself dwell. Lo, I am with you always, Matthew 28:20 . Those that abide in God's house shall have God to abide with them. I will be their God, and they shall know that I am so. Note, Those are truly happy that have a covenant-interest in God as theirs and the comfortable evidence of that interest. If we have this, we have enough, and need no more to make us happy. return to ' Top of Page ' Exodus Exo 28 Exodus Exo Exodus Exo 30 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Exodus 29". 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Corinthians",url:"1-corinthians",abbr:"1Co",sl:"1co",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]},{num:46,name:"2 Corinthians",url:"2-corinthians",abbr:"2Co",sl:"2co",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]},{num:47,name:"Galatians",url:"galatians",abbr:"Gal",sl:"ga",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:48,name:"Ephesians",url:"ephesians",abbr:"Eph",sl:"eph",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:49,name:"Philippians",url:"philippians",abbr:"Phi",sl:"php",ch:[1,2,3,4]},{num:50,name:"Colossians",url:"colossians",abbr:"Col",sl:"col",ch:[1,2,3,4]},{num:51,name:"1 Thessalonians",url:"1-thessalonians",abbr:"1Th",sl:"1th",ch:[1,2,3,4,5]},{num:52,name:"2 Thessalonians",url:"2-thessalonians",abbr:"2Th",sl:"2th",ch:[1,2,3]},{num:53,name:"1 Timothy",url:"1-timothy",abbr:"1Ti",sl:"1ti",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:54,name:"2 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-exo-29-009
절 (explains)
bible-text/exo-29-38, bible-text/exo-29-39, bible-text/exo-29-40, bible-text/exo-29-41, bible-text/exo-29-42, bible-text/exo-29-43, bible-text/exo-29-44, bible-text/exo-29-45, bible-text/exo-29-46
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**매일 드리는 번제와 하나님의 약속**
"네가 제단 위에 드릴 것은 이러하니라. 매일 일 년 된 어린양 두 마리씩이니, 아침에 어린양 한 마리를 드리고 저녁에 어린양 한 마리를 드릴 것이요. 어린양 하나에 고운 밀가루 십분의 일에 찧어 낸 기름 사분의 일 힌을 섞어서 소제로 드리고 또 전제로 포도주 사분의 일 힌을 드릴 것이며, 또 저녁에 어린양 하나를 드리되 아침의 소제와 전제와 같이 여호와 앞에 향기로운 화제로 드릴지니라. 이것은 너희가 대대로 여호와 앞 회막 문에서 드릴 끊임없는 번제라. 거기서 내가 너와 만나고 네게 말하리라. 내가 거기서 이스라엘 자손을 만나리니 내 영광으로 말미암아 회막이 거룩하게 될지라. 내가 그 회막과 제단을 거룩하게 하며 아론과 그의 아들들도 거룩하게 하여 내게 제사장 직분을 행하게 하며, 내가 이스라엘 자손 중에 거하여 그들의 하나님이 되리니, 그들은 내가 그들의 하나님 여호와로서 그들 중에 거하려고 그들을 이집트 땅에서 인도하여 낸 줄을 알리라. 나는 그들의 하나님 여호와니라."
이 단락에서 우리는 다음을 본다.
**I. 지정된 매일의 제사.** 어린양을 매일 아침, 또 어린양을 매일 저녁 제단 위에 드려야 했는데, 각각 소제와 함께, 대대로 끊임없는 번제로 불에 태워 드렸다(출 29:38-41). 다른 제사가 드려지든 그렇지 않든, 이것들은 반드시 드려야 했다—공공 비용으로, 온 이스라엘의 유익과 위안을 위해—매일 드리는 죄들을 속죄하고, 매일 받는 은혜에 대한 하나님께의 인정으로서. 이것이 매일의 의무가 요구하는 것이었다. 안티오쿠스에 의해 이 매일 드리는 제사가 그렇게 많은 저녁과 아침 동안 중단된 것이 예언된 교회의 큰 재앙이었다(단 8:11).
주목하라: 1. 이것은 그리스도께서 자신의 만족을 덕으로 자신의 교회를 끊임없이 거룩히 하시기 위해 항상 사시며 행하시는 끊임없는 중보를 예표했다. 그분은 단번에 자신을 드리셨지만, 그 하나의 제물이 이로써 끊임없는 제물이 된다. 2. 이것은 우리에게 매일 아침저녁으로 하나님께 대한 기도와 찬양의 영적 제물을 드리도록 가르친다—그분에 대한 우리의 의존과 그분께 대한 우리의 의무를 겸손히 인정하면서. 우리의 매일의 예배는 매일의 일 중 가장 필요한 것이요 매일의 위안 중 가장 즐거운 것으로 여겨져야 한다. 어떤 업무가 있든, 아침이든 저녁이든 이것을 빠뜨려서는 안 된다. 식사 시간이 지켜지듯 기도 시간이 지켜져야 한다. 매일 드리는 제사는 하나님의 집에서 매일의 식사와 같았으므로, 항상 빵과 포도주가 함께했다. 은혜의 보좌에 끊임없이 출석하지 않는 사람들은 자기 영혼을 굶기는 것이다.
**II. 이스라엘에 대한 하나님의 은총과 그들 가운데 그분의 특별한 임재의 표에 관한 크고 귀한 약속들.** 하나님께서는 매일 드리는 제사의 제정이 기쁘신 듯, 다음에 따라오는 명령들로 넘어가기 전에 이 약속들을 삽입하신다. 종교에서 꾸준함이 그 위안을 가져온다. 그분은 약속하신다.
1. **그분이 그들과 교제를 유지하실 것.** 모세를 만나 말씀하실 뿐 아니라, 이스라엘 자손도 만나실 것이다(출 29:43)—그들을 대신해 드리는 매일의 제사를 받아주시기 위해. 주목하라: 하나님께서는 그분 자신이 정하신 규례들 안에서 부지런하고 성실하게 그분을 섬기는 자들을 만나주시는 일을 결코 실패하지 않으실 것이다.
2. **그분이 자신의 제도들—성막, 제단, 제사장직—을 인정하실 것이다(출 29:43-44).** 그분께 드려진 것의 소유를 취하실 것이다. 주목하라: 하나님의 영광을 위해 거룩히 구별된 것은 그분의 영광으로 말미암아 거룩하게 될 것이다. 우리가 우리의 몫을 다하면, 하나님께서 그분의 몫을 하시고, 진정으로 그분께 드려진 것에 표시하시고 그것을 자신을 위해 준비하실 것이다.
3. **그분이 언약 안에서 그들의 하나님으로서 그들 가운데 거하실 것이며, 그들에게 그분의 특별한 은총과 그분의 특별한 임재에 대한 확실하고 위안이 되는 표들을 주실 것이다(출 29:45-46): "내가 이스라엘 자손 중에 거하리라."** 주목하라: 하나님께서 그분의 규례들의 성막을 세우시는 곳에 그분이 직접 거하실 것이다. "보라, 내가 세상 끝날까지 너희와 항상 함께 있으리라"(마 28:20). 하나님의 집에 거하는 자들에게는 하나님께서 그들과 함께 거하실 것이다. "내가 그들의 하나님이 될 것이요, 그들은 내가 그러함을 알리라." 주목하라: 언약으로 하나님을 자신의 것으로 소유하고 그 소유에 대한 위안이 되는 증거를 가진 자들은 참으로 행복하다. 이것이 있으면 충분하고, 우리를 행복하게 하기 위해 그 이상이 필요하지 않다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-exo-29-38-46(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반