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주석[매튜 헨리] — 출애굽기 11장 · 마지막 재앙 예고

요약
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The Plagues of Egypt. . 1 And the LORD said unto Moses, Yet will I bring one plague more upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt; afterwards he will let you go hence: when he shall let you go, he shall surely thrust you out hence altogether. 2 Speak now in the ears of the people, and let every man borrow of his neighbour, and every woman of her neighbour, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold. 3 And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people. Here is, I. The high favour Moses and Israel were in with God. 1. Moses was a favourite of Heaven, for God will not hide from him the thing he will do. God not only makes him his messenger to deliver his errands, but communicates to him his purpose (as the man of his counsel) that he would bring one plague more, and but one, upon Pharaoh, by which he would complete the deliverance of Israel, Exodus 11:1 ; Exodus 11:1 . Moses longed to see an end of this dreadful work, to see Egypt no more plagued and Israel no more oppressed: "Well," says God, "now it is near an end; the warfare shall shortly be accomplished, the point gained; Pharaoh shall be forced to own himself conquered, and to give up the cause." After all the rest of the plagues, God says, I will bring one more. Thus, after all the judgments executed upon sinners in this world, still there is one more reserved to be brought on them in the other world, which will completely humble those whom nothing else would humble. 2. The Israelites were favourites of Heaven; for God himself espouses their injured cause, and takes care to see them paid for all their pains in serving the Egyptians. This was the last day of their servitude; they were about to go away, and their masters, who had abused them in their work, would not have defrauded them of their wages, and have sent them away empty; while the poor Israelites were so fond of liberty that they would be satisfied with that, without pay, and would rejoice to get that upon any terms: but he that executeth righteousness and judgment for the oppressed provided that the labourers should not lose their hire, and ordered them to demand it now at their departure ( Exodus 11:2 ; Exodus 11:2 ), in jewels of silver and jewels of gold, to prepare for which God, by the plagues, had now made the Egyptians as willing to part with them upon any terms as, before, the Egyptians, by their severities, had made them willing to go upon any terms. Though the patient Israelites were content to lose their wages, yet God would not let them go without them. Note, One way or other, God will give redress to the injured, who in a humble silence commit their cause to him; and he will see to it that none be losers at last by their patient suffering any more than by their services. II. The high favour Moses and Israel were in with the Egyptians, Exodus 11:3 ; Exodus 11:3 . 1. Even the people that has been hated and despised now came to be respected; the wonders wrought on their behalf put an honour upon them and made them considerable. How great do they become for whom God thus fights! Thus the Lord gave them favour in the sight of the Egyptians, by making it appear how much he favoured them: he also changed the spirit of the Egyptians towards them, and made them to be pitied of their oppressors, Psalms 106:46 . 2. The man Moses was very great. How could it be otherwise when they saw what power he was clothed with, and what wonders were wrought by his hand? Thus the apostles, though otherwise despicable men, came to be magnified, Acts 5:13 . Those that honour God he will honour; and with respect to those that approve themselves faithful to him, how meanly soever they may pass through this world, there is a day coming when they will look great, very great, in the eyes of all the world, even theirs who now look upon them with the utmost contempt. Observe, Though Pharaoh hated Moses, there were those of Pharaoh's servants that respected him. Thus in Caesar's household, even Nero's, there were some that had an esteem for blessed Paul, Philippians 1:13 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-4-10" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/exo-11-1, bible-text/exo-11-2, bible-text/exo-11-3

Source

이 단락에는 두 가지 높은 은총이 나타난다.

**첫째, 모세와 이스라엘이 하나님께 받은 은총이다.**

1. 모세는 하늘의 총애를 입은 자였다. 하나님께서는 자신이 하시려는 일을 그에게 숨기지 않으셨다. 하나님은 모세를 단순한 전달자로 삼으신 것이 아니라, 당신의 뜻을 함께 나누는 의논의 동반자로 삼으셨다. 하나님은 파라오에게 재앙을 한 번만 더 내리겠다고, 그 재앙으로 이스라엘의 해방이 완성될 것이라고 알려 주셨다(출 11:1). 모세는 이 끔찍한 일이 끝나기를 간절히 바랐다. 이집트가 더 이상 재앙을 받지 않고, 이스라엘이 더 이상 억압당하지 않기를 원했다. 하나님은 말씀하셨다. "이제 끝이 가까웠다. 싸움은 곧 끝날 것이다. 파라오가 마침내 굴복을 인정하고 물러날 것이다." 나머지 재앙들이 다 내려진 뒤에도 하나님은 "한 가지 재앙을 더 내리겠다"고 하신다. 이와 마찬가지로, 이 세상에서 죄인들에게 내려지는 모든 심판이 끝난 뒤에도, 저 세상에서 받게 될 마지막 재앙이 남아 있다. 그 재앙은, 다른 어떤 것으로도 겸손해지지 않았던 자들을 완전히 무릎 꿇게 한다.

2. 이스라엘 백성도 하늘의 총애를 입었다. 하나님께서 친히 그들의 억울한 사정을 맡으시고, 그들이 삯을 받도록 돌보셨다. 그것은 그들의 마지막 섬김의 날이었다. 이집트를 떠나려는 그들에게, 그들을 고생시켰던 주인들이 임금을 속이고 빈손으로 내보내려 했다. 가련한 이스라엘 백성은 자유만 얻을 수 있다면 그것으로 족했다. 임금 따위는 없어도 괜찮았다. 어떤 조건이라도 받아들여 떠나고 싶었다. 그러나 압제당하는 자들을 위해 공의와 정의를 행하시는 하나님(시 103:6)은, 일꾼들이 삯을 잃는 것을 용납하지 않으셨다. 그래서 떠나기 직전에 이웃에게 은과 금 패물을 요구하라고 명령하셨다(출 11:2). 재앙들을 통해 하나님은 이제 이집트 사람들로 하여금, 이전에 가혹한 대우로 이스라엘을 어떤 조건으로도 떠나게 만들었던 것처럼, 이제는 어떤 조건으로도 그들을 기꺼이 보내려 하도록 만드셨다. 인내하는 이스라엘 백성은 임금을 포기할 마음도 있었지만, 하나님은 그들이 빈손으로 떠나는 것을 허락하지 않으셨다. 주목하라. 어떤 방식으로든, 하나님은 겸손히 침묵하며 자신의 사정을 그분께 맡긴 억울한 자들에게 구제를 베푸신다. 그분은 마침내 아무도 자신의 인내한 고난이나 섬김으로 손해를 보는 일이 없도록 하신다.

**둘째, 모세와 이스라엘이 이집트 사람들에게 받은 은총이다(출 11:3).**

1. 미움받고 멸시받던 백성도 이제 존경을 받게 되었다. 그들을 위해 행하신 기이한 일들이 그들에게 영예를 더해 주고 그들을 귀하게 여기게 만들었다. 하나님께서 이처럼 싸워 주시는 자들이 얼마나 위대해지는가! 이렇게 여호와께서는 이집트 사람들의 눈앞에서 이스라엘 백성에게 은혜를 베풀어 주셨다. 그분은 이집트 사람들의 마음을 바꾸셔서 그들이 자신들의 압제자들에게 긍휼히 여김을 받게 하셨다(시 106:46).

2. 모세 그 사람이 매우 위대하게 되었다. 그들이 그에게 부여된 권능과 그의 손으로 행해진 기이한 일들을 보았으니, 어찌 그렇지 않겠는가? 마찬가지로 사도들도, 비록 세상적으로는 보잘것없는 사람들이었지만, 사람들의 존경을 받게 되었다(행 5:13). 하나님을 높이는 자들을 하나님께서 높이신다. 그분께 충성스럽게 인정된 자들은, 이 세상에서 아무리 비천하게 지내더라도, 마침내 모든 사람의 눈앞에서, 심지어 지금 그들을 극도로 멸시하는 자들의 눈앞에서도 크게, 매우 크게 보이는 날이 반드시 온다. 주목하라. 파라오가 모세를 미워했지만, 파라오의 신하들 중에도 그를 존중하는 자들이 있었다. 이와 같이 가이사의 궁중, 심지어 네로 황제의 궁중에도, 복된 바울을 존경하는 자들이 있었다(빌 1:13).

원주석

1~10절 카드 ↗

E X O D U S CHAP. XI. Pharaoh had told Moses to get out of his presence ( Exodus 10:28 ; Exodus 10:28 ), and Moses had promised this should be the last time he would trouble him, yet he resolves to say out what he had to say, before he left him; accordingly, we have in this chapter, I. The instructions God had given to Moses, which he was now to pursue ( Exodus 11:1 ; Exodus 11:2 ), together with the interest Israel and Moses had in the esteem of the Egyptians, Exodus 11:3 . II. The last message Moses delivered to Pharaoh, concerning the death of the firstborn, Exodus 11:4-8 . III. A repetition of the prediction of Pharaoh's hardening his heart, ( Exodus 11:9 ), and the event answering to it, Exodus 11:10 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-3" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

Source

파라오는 모세에게 자기 앞에서 떠나라고 명령했고(출 10:28), 모세도 다시는 파라오의 얼굴을 대하지 않겠다고 약속한 바 있었다. 그러나 모세는 자리를 뜨기 전에 할 말을 모두 다 하기로 결심했다. 이 장에 기록된 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 하나님께서 모세에게 이미 주신 지시 사항(출 11:1-2)과, 이스라엘 백성과 모세가 이집트 사람들에게 받은 신임(출 11:3). 둘째, 모세가 파라오에게 전달한 마지막 메시지, 곧 장자의 죽음에 관한 선포(출 11:4-8). 셋째, 파라오가 마음을 완고히 하리라는 예언의 반복(출 11:9)과 그 성취(출 11:10).

원주석

4~10절 카드 ↗

4 And Moses said, Thus saith the LORD , About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt: 5 And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of beasts. 6 And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there was none like it, nor shall be like it any more. 7 But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast: that ye may know how that the LORD doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel. 8 And all these thy servants shall come down unto me, and bow down themselves unto me, saying, Get thee out, and all the people that follow thee: and after that I will go out. And he went out from Pharaoh in a great anger. 9 And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh shall not hearken unto you; that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt. 10 And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land. Warning is here given to Pharaoh of the last and conquering plague which was now to be inflicted. This was the death of all the first-born in Egypt at once, which had been first threatened ( Exodus 4:23 ; Exodus 4:23 , I will slay thy son, thy first-born ), but is last executed; less judgments were tried, which, if they had done the work would have prevented this. See how slow God is to wrath, and how willing to be met with in the way of his judgments, and to have his anger turned away, and particularly how precious the lives of men are in his eyes: if the death of their cattle had humbled and reformed them, their children would have been spared; but, if men will not improve the gradual advances of divine judgments, they must thank themselves if they find, in the issue, that the worst was reserved for the last. 1. The plague itself is here particularly foretold, Exodus 11:4-6 ; Exodus 11:4-6 . The time is fixed--about midnight, the very next midnight, the dead time of the night; when they were all asleep, all their first-born should sleep the sleep of death, not silently and insensibly, so as not to be discovered till morning, but so as to rouse the families at midnight to stand by and see them die. The extent of this plague is described, Exodus 11:5 ; Exodus 11:5 . The prince that was to succeed in the throne was not too high to be reached by it, nor were the slaves at the mill too low to be taken notice of. Moses and Aaron were not ordered to summon this plague; no I will go out, saith the Lord, Exodus 11:4 ; Exodus 11:4 . It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God; what is hell but this? 2. The special protection which the children of Israel should be under, and the manifest difference that should be put between them and the Egyptians. While angels drew their swords against the Egyptians, there should not so much as a dog bark at any of the children of Israel, Exodus 11:7 ; Exodus 11:7 . An earnest was hereby given of the difference which shall be put in the great day between God's people and his enemies: did men know what a difference God puts, and will put to eternity, between those that serve him and those that serve him not, religion would not seem to them such an indifferent thing as they make it, nor would they act in it with so much indifference as they do. 3. The humble submission which Pharaoh's servants should make to Moses, and how submissively they should request him to go ( Exodus 11:8 ; Exodus 11:8 ): They shall come down, and bow themselves. Note, The proud enemies of God and his Israel shall be made to fall under at last ( Revelation 3:9 ), and shall be found liars to them, Deuteronomy 33:29 . When Moses had thus delivered his message, it is said, He went out from Pharaoh in a great anger, though he was the meekest of all the men of the earth. Probably he expected that the very threatening of the death of the firstborn would have induced Pharaoh to comply, especially as Pharaoh had complied so far already, and had seen how exactly all Moses's predictions hitherto were fulfilled. But it had not that effect; his proud heart would not yield, no, not to save all the firstborn of his kingdom: no marvel that men are not deterred from vicious courses by the prospects given them of eternal misery in the other world, when the imminent peril they run of the loss of all that is dear to them in this world will not frighten them. Moses, hereupon, was provoked to a holy indignation, being grieved (as our Saviour afterwards) for the hardness of his heart, Mark 3:5 . Note, It is a great vexation to the spirits of good ministers to see people deaf to all the fair warnings given them, and running headlong upon ruin, notwithstanding all the kind methods taken to prevent it. Thus Ezekiel went in the bitterness of his spirit ( Ezekiel 3:14 ), because God had told him that the house of Israel would not hearken to him, Exodus 11:7 ; Exodus 11:7 . To be angry at nothing but sin is the way not to sin in anger. Moses, having thus adverted to the disturbance which Pharaoh's obstinacy gave him, (1.) Reflects upon the previous notice God had given him of this ( Exodus 11:9 ; Exodus 11:9 ): The Lord said unto Moses, Pharaoh shall not hearken to you. The scripture has foretold the incredulity of those who should hear the gospel, that it might not be a surprise nor stumbling-block to us, John 12:37 ; John 12:38 ; Romans 10:16 . Let us think never the worse of the gospel of Christ for the slights men generally put upon it, for we were told before what cold entertainment it would meet with. (2.) He recapitulates all he had said before to this purport ( Exodus 11:10 ; Exodus 11:10 ), that Moses did all these wonders, as they are here related, before Pharaoh (he himself was an eye-witness of them), and yet he could not prevail, which was a certain sign that God himself had, in a way of righteous judgment, hardened his heart. Thus the Jews' rejection of the gospel of Christ was so gross an absurdity that it might easily be inferred from it that God had given them the spirit of slumber, Romans 11:8 . return to ' Top of Page ' Exodus Exo 10 Exodus Exo Exodus Exo 12 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Exodus 11". "Henry's Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible". https://www.studylight.org/ commentaries/ eng/ mhm/ exodus-11.html. 1706. terms of use • privacy policy • • rights and permissions • contact sl • about sl • link to sl To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient contact form StudyLight.org © 2001-2026 Powered by Light speed Technology Ads Free Profile .sub-menu{font-size:12px;padding:10px 0;max-width:1260px;width:100%;background-color:#f7f7f7;color:#6b6b6b;border-bottom:5px solid #6b6b6b;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:absolute;z-index:9998} .sub-menu .menu-group{width:100%;margin:0 5px 0;padding:0 5px 0;border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer{display:none} .sub-menu .menu-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-name a{color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-ul li a{color:#6b6b6b;} .sub-menu .menu-ul li:hover{color:#DD8000} .search-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;-webkit-appearance:square-button;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px} .int-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .int-search-div .int-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:0 5px 0;margin-right:5px;width:30%;height:30px;flex:1 1 100%} .int-search-div .int-s-button{width:50px;margin-right:10px;height:30px;flex:0 0 50px} .int-selections-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px} .int-selections-div .int-s-section{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;width:70px;height:30px;flex:1 1 50%} .int-selections-div .int-s-translation{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px;width:40%;height:30px;flex:1 1 40%} .lex-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;width:95%;height:30px;font-size:13px;padding:5px;margin-right:5px} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;height:30px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px;width:100px} .lex-search-languages{width:95%;font-size:11px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:5px} .ill-quo-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;margin-top:10px} .ill-quo-s-query{font-size:15px;color:#6b6b6b;padding:0 10px 0;border:1px solid #dadada;height:30px;width:100px;margin-right:5px;flex:1 1 auto} .ill-quo-s-select{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;padding:5px;height:30px;margin-right:5px} .clickable{cursor:pointer} ia, qa{cursor:pointer;margin:0 4px; 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0);}else{takesVerse=(parseInt(verse,10)>0);}if(takesVerse){translationSelector_menu('verse');}else{_ts_sendThemBack('reference-noverse');}}});}if(mode==='verse'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-chapter',data:{number:o},html:o,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();verse=parseInt(this.getAttribute('data-number'),10);_ts_sendThemBack('reference-verse');}});}if(mode==='language'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-languages',data:{'trans-lang':items[o].abbr},html:items[o].name,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();translang=this.getAttribute('data-trans-lang');translationSelector_menu('translation');}});}if(mode==='translation'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-translation',data:{'trans-abbr':items[o].trans},html:items[o].name,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();transabbr=this.getAttribute('data-trans-abbr');_ts_sendThemBack('translation');}});}} function _ts_sendThemBack(reason){var origPath=window.location.pathname;var parts=origPath.split('/');var noVerse=(reason==='reference-noverse');var inputIsPerVerse=_ts_isPerVerseUrl(origPath);if(parts[1]==='interlinear-study-bible'){parts=parts.slice(0,5);parts[3]=book_data[book].url;parts[4]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else if(parts[1]==='commentary'){parts=parts.slice(0,4);parts[2]=book_data[book].url;parts[3]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else if(parts[1]==='commentaries'){parts[2]=comlang;parts[3]=comabbr;if(inputIsPerVerse){parts=parts.slice(0,6);parts[4]=book_data[book].url;parts[5]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else{parts=parts.slice(0,5);parts[4]=book_data[book].url+'-'+chapter+'.html';}}else if(parts[1]==='bible'){parts=parts.slice(0,6);parts[2]=translang;parts[3]=transabbr;parts[4]=book_data[book].url;parts[5]=(verse duction ","Verses 1-3","Verses 4-10"]; function

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/exo-11-4, bible-text/exo-11-5, bible-text/exo-11-6, bible-text/exo-11-7, bible-text/exo-11-8, bible-text/exo-11-9, bible-text/exo-11-10

Source

여기서 파라오에게 마지막이자 최후를 결정짓는 재앙에 대한 경고가 주어진다. 이것은 이집트의 모든 장자를 한꺼번에 죽이는 재앙이었다. 이 재앙은 처음에 이미 위협되었으나(출 4:23, "내가 네 아들, 네 장자를 죽이겠다"), 가장 마지막에 실행된다. 더 적은 심판들이 먼저 시도되었고, 만약 그것들이 효과를 냈더라면 이 재앙은 막을 수 있었다. 하나님께서 얼마나 천천히 진노하시며, 그 심판의 과정에서 어떻게 해서든 만나 주기를 기꺼이 원하시고, 그 진노가 돌아서기를 원하시는지 보라. 특히 사람들의 생명이 그분의 눈에 얼마나 귀한지를 보라. 만약 그들의 가축이 죽는 것으로 그들이 겸손해지고 돌이켰더라면, 그들의 자녀들은 살았을 것이다. 그러나 사람들이 하나님의 심판이 점진적으로 강해지는 것을 통해서도 깨달음을 얻지 않는다면, 결국 최악이 마지막을 위해 남겨두어졌다는 사실을 자기 자신에게서만 탓할 수 있다.

**1. 재앙 자체가 여기서 구체적으로 예고된다(출 11:4-6).**

시간이 정해졌다. 자정 무렵, 바로 그 다음 자정이었다. 밤이 가장 깊은 시각에, 그들이 모두 잠들어 있을 때, 모든 장자들이 죽음의 잠을 자게 된다. 그것도 조용하고 몰래 이루어져서 아침까지 발견되지 않는 방식이 아니라, 가족들이 한밤중에 깨어나 그들이 죽는 것을 곁에서 바라보도록 만드는 방식으로 일어난다. 이 재앙의 범위가 묘사된다(출 11:5). 왕위를 이을 왕자도 이 재앙을 피하기에는 너무 높지 않았고, 맷돌 뒤에 있는 여종도 이 재앙이 지나치기에는 너무 낮지 않았다. 모세와 아론은 이 재앙을 소환하라는 명령을 받지 않았다. "내가 직접 나가겠다"고 여호와께서 말씀하신다(출 11:4). 살아 계신 하나님의 손에 빠지는 것은 두려운 일이다. 지옥이 과연 그것이 아니고 무엇이겠는가?

**2. 이스라엘 자손이 받게 될 특별한 보호와, 그들과 이집트 사람들 사이에 나타날 명백한 차이이다.**

천사들이 이집트 사람들을 향해 칼을 뽑는 동안, 이스라엘 자손 중 어느 누구에게도 개 한 마리조차 혀를 내밀지 않을 것이다(출 11:7). 이로써 대심판 날에 하나님의 백성과 그 원수들 사이에 세워질 차이에 대한 보증이 미리 주어졌다. 만약 사람들이 하나님이 현재, 그리고 영원토록 그분을 섬기는 자와 섬기지 않는 자 사이에 두시는 차이가 어떤 것인지 안다면, 그들은 종교를 지금처럼 무관심한 것으로 여기지 않을 것이며, 그것에 그토록 무덤덤하게 행동하지도 않을 것이다.

**3. 파라오의 신하들이 모세에게 보일 겸손한 복종과, 그들이 얼마나 고분고분하게 그에게 떠나 달라고 간청할 것인가이다(출 11:8).**

그들이 내려와 몸을 굽힐 것이다. 주목하라. 하나님과 그의 이스라엘의 교만한 원수들은 마침내 굴복할 것이며(계 3:9), 그들이 이스라엘에게 거짓말쟁이로 드러날 것이다(신 33:29). 모세가 이렇게 자신의 메시지를 전달한 후, "그가 큰 노를 품고 파라오 앞에서 나갔다"고 기록되어 있다. 비록 모세는 세상에서 가장 온유한 사람이었지만 말이다. 그는 아마도 장자의 죽음을 위협하는 것만으로도 파라오가 굴복할 것을 기대했을 것이다. 파라오가 이미 상당 부분 굴복했고, 지금까지 모세의 모든 예언이 정확히 이루어지는 것을 직접 목격한 이상, 더욱 그렇게 기대할 만했다. 그러나 그렇지 않았다. 파라오의 교만한 마음은 왕국의 모든 장자를 구할 수 있는 상황에서도 굴복하지 않으려 했다. 사람들이 다른 세상에서 영원한 비참함의 전망을 보여줘도 악한 길에서 돌이키지 않는다는 사실이 그리 놀라운 일이 아니다. 이 세상에서 소중한 모든 것을 잃게 될 절박한 위험도 그들을 두렵게 하지 못하기 때문이다. 이에 모세는 거룩한 분노를 느꼈다. 우리 구주께서 그 후에 완고한 마음을 보시고 근심하셨던 것처럼(막 3:5). 주목하라. 선한 사역자들의 영혼에게 가장 큰 고통 중 하나는, 사람들이 그들에게 주어진 모든 경고에 귀를 막고, 이를 막으려는 친절한 모든 수단에도 불구하고 멸망을 향해 돌진하는 것을 보는 것이다. 에스겔도 마음의 쓴 것 가운데 나아갔는데(겔 3:14), 이는 하나님께서 이스라엘 집이 그의 말을 듣지 않을 것이라고 말씀하셨기 때문이다(출 11:7). 분노하되 죄 만을 향해 분노하는 것, 이것이 분노 속에서도 죄를 짓지 않는 길이다.

모세는 파라오의 고집이 자신에게 준 혼란을 이렇게 언급한 다음,

(1) 하나님께서 이에 대해 미리 알려 주셨음을 돌아본다(출 11:9). "여호와께서 모세에게 말씀하셨다. 파라오가 너희의 말을 듣지 않을 것이다." 성경은 복음을 들어야 할 사람들의 불신을 미리 예언했다. 이것이 우리에게 놀라움이나 걸림돌이 되지 않도록 하기 위해서이다(요 12:37-38; 롬 10:16). 사람들이 일반적으로 그리스도의 복음을 멸시한다고 해서 복음을 나쁘게 생각하지 말자. 그 복음이 어떤 차가운 환영을 받을지 이미 우리에게 미리 알려졌기 때문이다.

(2) 모세는 이 목적을 위해 전에 자신이 말한 모든 것을 요약한다(출 11:10). 모세가 파라오 앞에서 여기에 기록된 대로 이 모든 기이한 일들을 행했다. 파라오 자신이 그 목격자였다. 그럼에도 모세는 설득하지 못했다. 이것은 하나님께서 의로운 심판의 방식으로 파라오의 마음을 완고하게 하셨다는 분명한 표징이었다. 이와 같이, 그리스도의 복음에 대한 유대인들의 거부가 너무나 터무니없는 것이어서, 하나님이 그들에게 혼미의 영을 주셨다는 것을 쉽게 추론할 수 있었다(롬 11:8).

원주석

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