1~23절 카드 ↗
The Numbering of the Levites. . 1 So when David was old and full of days, he made Solomon his son king over Israel. 2 And he gathered together all the princes of Israel, with the priests and the Levites. 3 Now the Levites were numbered from the age of thirty years and upward: and their number by their polls, man by man, was thirty and eight thousand. 4 Of which, twenty and four thousand were to set forward the work of the house of the LORD ; and six thousand were officers and judges: 5 Moreover four thousand were porters; and four thousand praised the LORD with the instruments which I made, said David, to praise therewith. 6 And David divided them into courses among the sons of Levi, namely, Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. 7 Of the Gershonites were, Laadan, and Shimei. 8 The sons of Laadan; the chief was Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three. 9 The sons of Shimei; Shelomith, and Haziel, and Haran, three. These were the chief of the fathers of Laadan. 10 And the sons of Shimei were, Jahath, Zina, and Jeush, and Beriah. These four were the sons of Shimei. 11 And Jahath was the chief, and Zizah the second: but Jeush and Beriah had not many sons; therefore they were in one reckoning, according to their father's house. 12 The sons of Kohath; Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel, four. 13 The sons of Amram; Aaron and Moses: and Aaron was separated, that he should sanctify the most holy things, he and his sons for ever, to burn incense before the LORD , to minister unto him, and to bless in his name for ever. 14 Now concerning Moses the man of God, his sons were named of the tribe of Levi. 15 The sons of Moses were, Gershom, and Eliezer. 16 Of the sons of Gershom, Shebuel was the chief. 17 And the sons of Eliezer were, Rehabiah the chief. And Eliezer had none other sons; but the sons of Rehabiah were very many. 18 Of the sons of Izhar; Shelomith the chief. 19 Of the sons of Hebron; Jeriah the first, Amariah the second, Jahaziel the third, and Jekameam the fourth. 20 Of the sons of Uzziel; Michah the first, and Jesiah the second. 21 The sons of Merari; Mahli, and Mushi. The sons of Mahli; Eleazar, and Kish. 22 And Eleazar died, and had no sons, but daughters: and their brethren the sons of Kish took them. 23 The sons of Mushi; Mahli, and Eder, and Jeremoth, three. Here we have, I. The crown entailed, according to the divine appointment, 1 Chronicles 23:1 ; 1 Chronicles 23:1 . David made Solomon king, not to reign with him, or reign under him, but only to reign after him. This he did, 1. When he was old and full of days. He was but seventy years old when he died, and yet he was full of days, satur dierum--satisfied with living in this world. When he found himself going off, he made provision for the welfare of the kingdom after his decease, and pleased himself with the hopeful prospect of a happy settlement both in church and state. 2. He did it in parliament, in a solemn assembly of all the princes of Israel, which made Adonijah's attempt to break in upon Solomon's title and set it aside, notwithstanding this public recognition and establishment of it, the more impudent, impious, and ridiculous. Note, The settling or securing of the crown in the interests of the temple is a great blessing to the people and a great satisfaction to those who are themselves leaving the world. II. The Levites numbered, according to the rule in Moses's time, from thirty years old to fifty, Numbers 4:2 ; Numbers 4:3 . Their number in Moses's time. by this rule, was 8580 ( Numbers 4:47 ; Numbers 4:48 ), but now it had increased above four-fold, much more in proportion than the rest of the tribes; for the serviceable men of Levi's tribe were now 38,000, unless we suppose that here those were reckoned who were above fifty, which was not the case there. Joab had not numbered the Levites ( 1 Chronicles 21:6 ; 1 Chronicles 21:6 ), but David now did, not in pride, but for a good purpose, and then he needed not fear wrath for it. III. The Levites distributed to their respective posts ( 1 Chronicles 23:4 ; 1 Chronicles 23:5 ), that every hand might be employed (for, of all men, an idle Levite makes the worst figure), and that every part of the work might be carefully done. Now it was for the honour of God that so great a number of servants attended his house and the business of it. Much of the state of great men consists in the greatness of their retinue. When God kept house in Israel see what a great household he had, and all well fed and well taught. But what were these to the attendants of his throne above, and the innumerable company of angels? It was the happiness of Israel that they had among them such a considerable body of men who were obliged by their office to promote and keep up religion among them. If the worship of God go to decay in Israel, let it not be said that it was for want of due provision for the support of it, but that those who should have done it were careless and false. The work assigned the Levites was four-fold:-- 1. Some, and indeed far the greater number, were to set forward the work of the house of the Lord: 24,000, almost two-thirds, were appointed for this service, to attend the priests in killing the sacrifices, flaying them, washing them, cutting them up, burning them, to have the meat-offerings and drink-offerings ready, to carry out dirt, and keep all the vessels and utensils of the temple clean, and every thing in its place, that the service might be performed both with expedition and with exactness. These served 1000 a-week, and so went round in twenty-four courses. Perhaps while the temple was in building some of these were employed to set forward that work, to assist the builders, at least to quicken them, and keep good order among them, and the decorum which became temple-work. 2. Others were officers and judges, not in the affairs of the temple, and in the controversies that arose there (for there, we may suppose, the priests presided), but in the country. They were magistrates, to give the laws of God in charge, to resolves difficulties, and to determine controversies that arose upon them. Of these there were 6000, in the several parts of the kingdom, that assisted the princes and elders of every tribe in the administration of justice. 3. Others were porters, to guard all the avenues of the house of God, to examine those that desired entrance, and to resist those that would force an entrance. These were the life-guards of the temple, and probably were armed accordingly. 4. Others were singers and players on instruments, whose business it was to keep up that part of the service; this was a new-erected office. IV. The Levites mustered, and disposed of into their respective families and kindreds, that an account of them might the better be kept, and those that neglected their duty might be the more easily discovered, by calling over the roll, and obliging them to answer to their names, which each family might do for itself. When those of the same family were employed together it would engage them to love and assist one another. When Christ sent forth his disciples two and two he put together those that were brethren. Two families were here joined in one ( 1 Chronicles 23:11 ; 1 Chronicles 23:11 ) because they had not many sons. Those that are weak and little, separately, may be put together and appear considerable. That which is most observable in this account of the families of the Levites is that the posterity of Moses (that great man) stood upon the level with common Levites, and had no dignities or privileges at all peculiar to them; whilst the posterity of Aaron were advanced to the priest's office, to sanctify the most holy things, 1 Chronicles 23:13 ; 1 Chronicles 23:13 . It is said indeed of the grandson of Moses, Rehabiah, that his sons were highly multiplied, 1 Chronicles 23:17 ; 1 Chronicles 23:17 , margin. When God proposed to him that, if he would let fall his intercession for Israel, he would make of him a great nation, he generously refused it, in recompence for which his family is here greatly increased, and makes up in number what it wants in figure, in the tribe of Levi. Now, 1. The levelling of Moses' family with the rest is an evidence of his self-denial. Such an interest had he both with God and man that if he had aimed to raise his own family, to dignify and enrich that, he might easily have done so; but he was no self-seeking man, as appears from his leaving to his children no marks of distinction, which was a sign that he had the spirit of God and not the spirit of the world. 2. The elevation of Aaron's family above the rest was a recompence for his self-denial. When Moses (his younger brother) was made a god to Pharaoh, and he only his prophet or spokesman, to observe his orders and do as he was bidden, Aaron never disputed it, nor insisted upon his seniority, but readily took the inferior post God put him in, submitted to Moses, and, upon occasion, called him his lord; and because he thus submitted himself, in his own person, to his junior, in compliance with the will of God, God highly exalted his family, even above that of Moses himself. Those that are content to stoop are in the fairest way to rise. Before honour is humility. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-24-32" class="com-number"
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절 (explains)
bible-text/1ch-23-1, bible-text/1ch-23-2, bible-text/1ch-23-3, bible-text/1ch-23-4, bible-text/1ch-23-5, bible-text/1ch-23-6, bible-text/1ch-23-7, bible-text/1ch-23-8, bible-text/1ch-23-9, bible-text/1ch-23-10, bible-text/1ch-23-11, bible-text/1ch-23-12, bible-text/1ch-23-13, bible-text/1ch-23-14, bible-text/1ch-23-15, bible-text/1ch-23-16, bible-text/1ch-23-17, bible-text/1ch-23-18, bible-text/1ch-23-19, bible-text/1ch-23-20, bible-text/1ch-23-21, bible-text/1ch-23-22, bible-text/1ch-23-23
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
레위인의 계수.
1절, 다윗이 나이가 많아 늙으매 그의 아들 솔로몬을 이스라엘 왕으로 삼으니라. 2절, 이스라엘 모든 지도자들과 제사장들과 레위 사람들을 모으니라. 3절, 레위 사람들은 삼십 세 이상으로 계수하였더니 그 명수가 삼만 팔천이더라. 4절, 그 중의 이만 사천은 여호와의 전의 일을 맡아 주관하고 육천은 관리와 재판관이 되고 5절, 사천은 문지기가 되고 사천은 다윗이 찬양하기 위하여 만든 악기들로 여호와를 찬양하는 자들이더라. 6절, 다윗이 레위의 아들들 게르손과 그핫과 므라리에게 따라 그들을 나누었더니 7절, 게르손 자손은 라아단과 시므이라. 8절, 라아단의 아들들은 우두머리 여히엘과 세담과 요엘 세 사람이며 9절, 시므이의 아들들은 슬로밋과 하시엘과 하란 세 사람이니 이들이 라아단 조상들의 어른이라. 10절, 시므이의 아들들은 야핫과 시나와 여우스와 브리아니 이 넷이 시므이의 아들이라. 11절, 야핫이 우두머리이고 시사가 다음이며 여우스와 브리아는 아들이 많지 아니하므로 그 조상의 가문을 따라 계산하여 한 가문이 되었더라. 12절, 그핫의 아들들은 아므람과 이스할과 헤브론과 웃시엘 네 사람이더라. 13절, 아므람의 아들들은 아론과 모세며 아론은 구별을 받아 영원토록 가장 거룩한 것들을 성결하게 하고 여호와 앞에서 분향하고 그를 섬기며 영원토록 그의 이름으로 축복하는 일을 그와 그 자손이 하게 되었으며 14절, 하나님의 사람 모세의 아들들에 관하여는 레위 지파로 계산되었더라. 15절, 모세의 아들들은 게르솜과 엘리에셀이며 16절, 게르솜의 자손은 스브엘이 우두머리요 17절, 엘리에셀의 자손은 르하뱌가 우두머리인데 엘리에셀은 다른 아들들이 없으나 르하뱌의 아들들은 심히 많았더라. 18절, 이스할의 자손은 슬로밋이 우두머리요 19절, 헤브론의 자손은 여리야가 첫째요 아마랴가 둘째요 야하시엘이 셋째요 여까므암이 넷째이며 20절, 웃시엘의 자손은 미가가 첫째이고 잇시야가 둘째이며 21절, 므라리의 아들들은 마흘리와 무시요 마흘리의 아들들은 엘르아살과 기스이며 22절, 엘르아살이 죽었으나 아들은 없고 딸뿐이라 기스의 아들들 곧 엘르아살의 형제들이 그 딸들에게 장가들었으며 23절, 무시의 아들들은 마흘리와 에델과 여레못 세 사람이더라.
이 본문에서 우리는 다음을 보게 된다.
**I. 왕위 계승의 확정 — 하나님의 작정에 따라(1절).** 다윗은 솔로몬을 왕으로 삼았는데, 이는 자신과 함께 혹은 자신 아래서 통치하게 하기 위함이 아니라 자신의 뒤를 이어 통치하게 하기 위함이었다. 그가 이 일을 행한 것은, 첫째, 나이가 많아 늙었을 때였다. 그는 죽을 때 일흔 살에 불과했지만 "날을 채웠다"고 표현되었으니, 세상 삶에서 충분히 만족했다는 뜻이다. 그는 자신이 세상을 떠날 것을 알고 사후 왕국의 복지를 위해 준비했으며, 교회와 국가 모두에 행복한 정착이 이루어질 것이라는 희망찬 전망으로 스스로를 위로했다. 둘째, 그는 이 일을 의회, 곧 이스라엘 모든 지도자들이 모인 엄숙한 집회에서 행했다. 이로 인해 아도니야가 솔로몬의 계승권을 침범하려 했던 시도는 더욱 뻔뻔하고 불경하며 우스운 것이 되고 말았다. 왕위를 성전의 이익에 맞게 정착시키고 확보하는 것은 백성에게 큰 복이요, 세상을 떠나는 사람들에게 큰 위안이다.
**II. 레위인의 계수 — 모세 시대의 규례에 따라 삼십 세부터 오십 세까지(민수기 4:2-3).** 그 숫자는 모세 시대에 이 규례에 따라 8,580명이었으나(민수기 4:47-48), 지금은 다른 지파들보다 훨씬 더 큰 비율로 증가하여 레위 지파의 장정이 38,000명에 이르렀다. 다만 오십 세 이상 되는 사람들도 여기에 포함되었다고 본다면 사정이 다를 수 있다. 요압은 레위인을 계수하지 않았으나(역대상 21:6), 다윗은 이제 교만으로가 아니라 선한 목적으로 계수했으므로 그 일로 인한 진노를 두려워할 필요가 없었다.
**III. 레위인을 각자의 직임에 배치함(4-5절).** 모든 손이 일을 하도록 하기 위해서였다. 빈둥거리는 레위인만큼 볼품없는 모습도 없다. 또한 사역의 모든 부분이 신중하게 수행되도록 하기 위해서이기도 했다. 하나님의 집에 이토록 많은 수의 종들이 봉사하는 것은 하나님께 영광이 되었다. 위대한 사람들의 위엄의 상당 부분은 그 수행원의 규모에 있다. 하나님께서 이스라엘에 집을 두셨을 때 얼마나 큰 가솔을 두셨는지, 그리고 모두가 잘 먹이고 잘 가르침을 받았는지 보라. 그러나 이것이 하늘 보좌를 시중드는 천사들의 수에 비하면 무엇이겠는가? 이스라엘의 복은 그들 가운데 상당히 많은 무리의 사람들이 있었다는 점이다. 이들은 직임상 이스라엘 가운데 종교를 진흥하고 유지해야 했다. 만약 이스라엘에서 하나님 예배가 쇠퇴한다면, 그 지원이 부족해서가 아니라 마땅히 해야 할 이들이 태만하고 불충실했기 때문이라 할 것이다.
레위인에게 맡겨진 직무는 네 가지였다.
1. 가장 많은 수, 즉 24,000명 — 거의 3분의 2 — 이 여호와의 전의 일을 앞장서서 행하는 자로 임명되었다. 제물을 잡고 가죽을 벗기고 씻고 잘라 불사르며, 소제와 전제를 준비하고, 쓰레기를 치우며, 성전의 모든 기구와 용기들을 깨끗하게 유지하고 제자리에 두어, 예배가 신속하고 정확하게 드려지도록 제사장들을 보조하는 일이었다. 이들은 주당 천 명씩 교대로 섬기며 이십사 반열을 이루었다.
2. 6,000명은 관리와 재판관으로, 성전의 사무와 거기서 발생하는 논쟁들(이는 아마도 제사장들이 주관했을 것이다)이 아니라, 지방에서 각 지파의 지도자들과 장로들을 도와 하나님의 율법을 가르치고 분쟁을 해결하는 일을 맡았다.
3. 4,000명은 문지기로, 하나님의 집으로 통하는 모든 입구를 지키고, 들어오려는 자들을 심사하며, 무단 침입하려는 자들을 막는 역할을 했다. 이들은 성전의 호위대였으며, 아마도 그에 걸맞게 무장했을 것이다.
4. 나머지는 찬양대원과 악기 연주자들로, 예배의 그 부분을 유지하는 것이 이들의 직무였다. 이는 새로 세워진 직임이었다.
**IV. 레위인을 각 가문과 족속에 따라 정리함.** 그 목적은 그들을 더 잘 관리하고, 직무를 게을리하는 자들을 쉽게 파악하기 위해서였다. 같은 가문에 속한 사람들이 함께 일하면 서로 사랑하고 도우려는 마음이 생긴다. 그리스도께서 제자들을 둘씩 보내실 때도 형제끼리 묶어 보내셨다. 이 기록에서 가장 주목할 만한 점은, 그 위대한 인물 모세의 자손들이 평범한 레위인과 동등한 위치에 서서 아무런 특권이나 특전도 없었다는 사실이다. 반면 아론의 자손들은 가장 거룩한 것들을 성결하게 하는 제사장직으로 높임을 받았다(13절). 모세의 손자 르하뱌에 대해 그 자손이 "심히 많았더라"고 기록된 것은 사실이다(17절 난외주). 하나님께서 모세에게 이스라엘을 위한 중보를 그치면 그를 큰 나라로 만들어 주겠다고 제안했을 때, 모세는 너그럽게 그것을 거절했다. 그 보상으로 그의 가문은 수에서 크게 불어나 레위 지파 안에서 위상은 부족해도 수는 많은 가문이 되었다.
1. 모세의 가문이 다른 이들과 동등하게 된 것은 그의 자기 부인의 증거이다. 하나님과 사람 모두에게 그러한 영향력을 가졌던 그는, 만약 자신의 가문을 높이고 영화롭게 하고 부요하게 하려 했다면 쉽게 그럴 수 있었다. 그러나 그는 자기를 구하는 사람이 아니었으며, 이는 자녀들에게 아무런 특별한 표를 남기지 않은 데서 분명히 드러난다. 이는 그가 세상의 영이 아닌 하나님의 영을 지녔다는 증거이다.
2. 아론의 가문이 다른 이들보다 높임을 받은 것은 그의 자기 부인에 대한 보상이었다. 모세(그의 동생)가 바로에게 하나님의 대변인이 되고 아론은 그의 선지자 또는 대변인이 되어 그의 명을 따르며 지시받은 대로 행해야 했을 때, 아론은 결코 이를 따지거나 장자의 권리를 주장하지 않았다. 오히려 기꺼이 하나님께서 정해 주신 낮은 자리를 받아들이고 모세에게 복종하며, 때로는 그를 "주"라 불렀다. 그는 하나님의 뜻에 순응하여 자신보다 어린 모세 아래 스스로를 낮추었기 때문에, 하나님께서 그의 가문을 모세의 가문보다도 높이 높여 주셨다. 스스로 낮추기를 기꺼이 하는 사람이 높아지기에 가장 좋은 위치에 있는 법이다. 영예 앞에는 겸손이 있다.
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1~32절 카드 ↗
F I R S T C H R O N I C L E S CHAP. XXIII. David, having given charge concerning the building of the temple, in this and the following chapters settles the method of the temple-service and puts into order the offices and officers of it. In the late irregular times, and during the wars in the beginning of his reign, we may suppose that, though the Levitical ordinances were kept up, yet it was not in the order, nor with the beauty and exactness, that were desirable. Now David, being a prophet, as well as a prince, by divine warrant and direction, "set in order the things that were wanting." In this chapter we are informed, I. He declared Solomon to be his successor, 1 Chronicles 23:1 . II. He numbered the Levites, and appointed them to their respective offices, 1 Chronicles 23:2-5 . III. He took an account of the several families of the Levites, 1 Chronicles 23:6-23 . IV. He made a new reckoning of them from twenty years old, and appointed them their work, 1 Chronicles 23:24-32 . And in this he prepared for the temple as truly as when he laid up gold and silver for it; for the place is of small account in comparison with the work. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-23" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
역대상 23장. 다윗은 성전 건축에 관한 명령을 내린 뒤, 이 장과 이어지는 여러 장에 걸쳐 성전 예배의 방식을 정비하고 직임과 직분자들의 체계를 세운다. 이전의 혼란스러운 시기와 그의 통치 초기에 벌어진 전쟁 기간 동안, 레위인의 규례는 유지되었겠지만 바람직한 질서와 정확성에는 미치지 못했을 것이다. 이제 다윗은 왕인 동시에 선지자로서, 하나님의 권한과 지시에 따라 "부족한 것들을 바로잡았다." 이 장에서 우리는 다음을 확인한다. 첫째, 다윗이 솔로몬을 자신의 후계자로 선포한다(역대상 23:1). 둘째, 레위인을 계수하고 각자의 직임에 임명한다(역대상 23:2-5). 셋째, 레위인 각 가문을 정리한다(역대상 23:6-23). 넷째, 이십 세부터 새로 계수하여 그들의 직무를 정한다(역대상 23:24-32). 이 일은 다윗이 성전을 위해 금과 은을 쌓아 둔 것 못지않게 진정한 성전 준비였다. 장소는 그 안에서 행해지는 사역에 비하면 미미한 것이기 때문이다.
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24~32절 카드 ↗
The Office of the Levites. . 24 These were the sons of Levi after the house of their fathers; even the chief of the fathers, as they were counted by number of names by their polls, that did the work for the service of the house of the LORD , from the age of twenty years and upward. 25 For David said, The LORD God of Israel hath given rest unto his people, that they may dwell in Jerusalem for ever: 26 And also unto the Levites; they shall no more carry the tabernacle, nor any vessels of it for the service thereof. 27 For by the last words of David the Levites were numbered from twenty years old and above: 28 Because their office was to wait on the sons of Aaron for the service of the house of the LORD , in the courts, and in the chambers, and in the purifying of all holy things, and the work of the service of the house of God; 29 Both for the showbread, and for the fine flour for meat offering, and for the unleavened cakes, and for that which is baked in the pan, and for that which is fried, and for all manner of measure and size; 30 And to stand every morning to thank and praise the LORD , and likewise at even; 31 And to offer all burnt sacrifices unto the LORD in the sabbaths, in the new moons, and on the set feasts, by number, according to the order commanded unto them, continually before the LORD : 32 And that they should keep the charge of the tabernacle of the congregation, and the charge of the holy place, and the charge of the sons of Aaron their brethren, in the service of the house of the LORD . Here is, I. An alteration made in the computation of the effective men of the Levites--that whereas, in Moses's time, they were not enlisted, or taken into service, till they were thirty-years old, nor admitted as probationers till twenty-five ( Numbers 8:24 ), David ordered, by direction from God, that they should be numbered for the service of the house of the Lord, from the age of twenty years and upwards, 1 Chronicles 23:24 ; 1 Chronicles 23:24 . This order he confirmed by his last words, 1 Chronicles 23:27 ; 1 Chronicles 23:27 . When he put his last hand to the draught of this establishment he expressly appointed this to be done for ever after; yet not he; but the Lord. 1. Perhaps the young Levites, having no work appointed them till twenty-five years old, had many of them got a habit of idleness, or grew addicted to their pleasures, which proved both a blemish to their reputation and a hindrance to their usefulness afterwards, to prevent which inconvenience they are set to work, and brought under discipline, at twenty-years old. Those that will be eminent must learn to take care and take care betimes. 2. When the work of the Levites was to carry burdens, heavy burdens, the tabernacle and the furniture of it, God would not call any to it till they had come to their full strength; for he considers our frame, and, in service as well as sufferings, will lay no more upon us than we are able to bear. But now God had given rest to his people, and made Jerusalem his dwelling-place for ever, so that there was no more occasion to carry the tabernacle and the vessels thereof, the service was much easier, and what would not over-work them nor over-load them if they entered upon it at twenty-years old. 3. Now the people of Israel were multiplied, and there was a more general resort to Jerusalem, and would be when the temple was built, than had ever been at Shiloh, or Nob, or Gibeon; it was therefore requisite there should be more hands employed in the temple-service, that every Israelite who brought an offering might find a Levite ready to assist him. When more work is to be done it is a pity but there should be more workmen fetched in for the doing of it. When the harvest is plenteous why should the labourers be few? II. A further account of the Levites' work. What the work of the priests was we are told ( 1 Chronicles 23:13 ; 1 Chronicles 23:13 ): To sanctify the most holy things, to burn incense before the Lord, and to bless in his name; that work the Levites were not to meddle with, and yet they had work enough, and good work, according to that to which they were appointed, 1 Chronicles 23:4 ; 1 Chronicles 23:5 . 1. Those of them that were to set forward the work of the house of God ( 1 Chronicles 23:4 ; 1 Chronicles 23:4 ) were therein to wait on the sons of Aaron ( 1 Chronicles 23:28 ; 1 Chronicles 23:28 ), were to do the drudgery-work (if any work for God is to be called drudgery ) of the house of God, to keep the courts and chambers clean, set things in their places, and have them ready when there was occasion to use them. They were to prepare the show-bread which the priests were to set on the table, to provide the flour and cakes for the meat-offerings, that the priests might have every thing ready to their hands. 2. Those of them that were judges and officers had an eye particularly upon all measure and size, 1 Chronicles 23:29 ; 1 Chronicles 23:29 . The standards of all weights and measures were kept in the sanctuary; and the Levites had the care of them, to see that they were exact, and to try other weights and measures by them when they were appealed to. 3. The work of the singers was to thank and praise the Lord ( 1 Chronicles 23:30 ; 1 Chronicles 23:30 ), at the offering of the morning and evening sacrifices, and other oblations on the sabbaths, new moons, c., 1 Chronicles 23:31 ; 1 Chronicles 23:31 . Moses appointed that they should blow with trumpets over their burnt offerings and other sacrifices, and on their solemn days, Numbers 10:10 . The sound of the trumpet was awful, and might be affecting to the worshippers, but was not articulate, nor such a reasonable service as this which David appointed, of singing psalms on those occasions. As the Jewish church grew up from its infancy, it grew more and more intelligent in its devotions, till it came at length, in the gospel, to put away childish things, 1 Corinthians 13:11 ; Galatians 4:3 ; Galatians 4:9 . 4. The work of the porters ( 1 Chronicles 23:5 ; 1 Chronicles 23:5 ) was to keep the charge of the tabernacle and of the holy place, that none might come nigh but such as were allowed, and those no nearer than was allowed them, 1 Chronicles 23:32 ; 1 Chronicles 23:32 . They were likewise to keep the charge of the sons of Aaron, to be at their beck and go on their errands, who are yet called their brethren, to be a memorandum to the priests that, though they were advanced to a high station, yet they were hewn out of the same rock with common Levites, and therefore must not lord it over them, but in all instances treat them as brethren. return to ' Top of Page ' 1 Chronicles 1Ch 22 1 Chronicles 1Ch 1 Chronicles 1Ch 24 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on 1 Chronicles 23". 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-1ch-23-005
절 (explains)
bible-text/1ch-23-24, bible-text/1ch-23-25, bible-text/1ch-23-26, bible-text/1ch-23-27, bible-text/1ch-23-28, bible-text/1ch-23-29, bible-text/1ch-23-30, bible-text/1ch-23-31, bible-text/1ch-23-32
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
레위인의 직임.
24절, 이 사람들은 레위 자손으로서 그 조상들의 가문을 따라 이름으로 계수된 어른들로서 여호와의 전에서 섬기는 일을 하는 이십 세 이상의 자들이라. 25절, 이는 다윗이 이르기를 이스라엘 하나님 여호와께서 그의 백성에게 평안을 주사 영원히 예루살렘에 살게 하셨으니 26절, 레위 사람들이 다시는 성막이나 섬기는 데 쓰는 그 모든 기구들을 메어 나르지 아니할지라 하였음이었더라. 27절, 다윗의 마지막 말에 의하면 레위 사람들을 이십 세부터 계수하였더라. 28절, 그들의 직임은 아론의 자손들이 여호와의 전에서 섬기는 일을 도와 뜰과 골방을 관리하고 모든 거룩한 것들을 정결하게 하여 하나님의 전 사역의 일을 하며 29절, 진설병과 소제의 고운 가루와 누룩 없는 과자와 냄비에 구운 것과 기름에 볶은 것을 맡고 각종 자와 되를 맡으며 30절, 또 아침마다 여호와께 감사하고 찬송하며 저녁에도 그리하며 31절, 또 안식일과 초하루와 정기적인 절기에 여호와께 번제를 드릴 때마다 그 규례대로 수효를 맞추어 항상 여호와 앞에 섬기며 32절, 또 회막의 직무와 성소의 직무와 그들의 형제 아론 자손이 여호와의 전에서 섬기는 일을 돕는 직무를 지키는 것이었더라.
이 본문에서 우리는 다음을 보게 된다.
**I. 레위 장정 계수 방식의 변경.** 모세 시대에는 삼십 세 이전에는 봉직에 등록되지 않았고, 이십오 세 이전에는 수습직으로 받아들여지지도 않았다(민수기 8:24). 그러나 다윗은 하나님의 지시에 따라 이십 세부터 여호와의 전 사역에 계수하도록 명령했다(24절). 이 명령을 그는 마지막 유언으로 확정했다(27절). 이 제도의 최종 안을 손질하면서 그는 이것이 영원히 지켜져야 한다고 명시적으로 정했다. 하지만 그것은 다윗 자신이 아닌 주님의 명령이었다.
1. 아마도 젊은 레위인들은 이십오 세가 되기 전에 맡겨진 일이 없어서 많은 이들이 게으름에 습관이 들거나 향락에 빠지게 되었을 것이다. 이는 그들의 평판에 흠이 될 뿐만 아니라, 이후의 사역에도 방해가 되었다. 이를 막기 위해 그들은 이십 세부터 일에 투입되어 훈련을 받게 되었다. 탁월해지려는 자는 일찍부터 책임을 배우는 법을 익혀야 한다.
2. 레위인의 직무가 성막과 그 모든 기구들이라는 무거운 짐을 지고 나르는 것일 때, 하나님은 그들이 완전한 체력에 이를 때까지 그 일을 맡기지 않으셨다. 하나님은 우리의 연약함을 헤아리시며, 사역과 고난 모두에서 우리가 감당할 수 있는 것 이상을 지우지 않으신다. 그러나 이제 하나님은 그의 백성에게 평안을 주시고 예루살렘을 영원한 거처로 삼으셨으므로, 더 이상 성막과 그 기구들을 메어 나를 필요가 없었다. 사역이 훨씬 수월해졌으므로 이십 세부터 시작해도 무리가 없었다.
3. 이제 이스라엘 백성이 크게 번성하고, 예루살렘으로의 순례가 실로나 놉이나 기브온에서보다 훨씬 많아졌으며, 성전이 건축되면 더욱 그러할 터였다. 따라서 모든 이스라엘 사람이 제물을 가져올 때 도와줄 레위인을 만날 수 있으려면 더 많은 일꾼이 필요했다. 할 일이 많아질 때는 그 일을 감당할 일꾼도 더 많이 불러들여야 마땅하다. 추수할 것이 많은데 어찌 일꾼이 적어야 하겠는가?
**II. 레위인의 직무에 관한 더 상세한 기록.**
제사장들의 직무가 무엇인지는 이미 13절에 나와 있다. 가장 거룩한 것들을 성결하게 하고, 여호와 앞에서 분향하고, 그의 이름으로 축복하는 일이었다. 이 직무에는 레위인이 관여해서는 안 되었다. 그러나 레위인에게도 충분히 많고 좋은 직무가 있었다(4-5절 참조).
1. 하나님의 전 사역을 앞장서서 돕도록 정해진 레위인들은(4절) 아론의 자손들을 섬기는 일, 곧 만약 하나님을 위한 일에 그런 표현을 써도 된다면 성전의 궂은일을 맡았다. 뜰과 골방을 깨끗하게 하고, 물건들을 제자리에 두며, 필요할 때 쓸 수 있도록 준비하는 일이었다. 또한 제사장들이 상 위에 차려 놓을 진설병을 준비하고, 소제에 쓸 밀가루와 과자를 마련하여 제사장들이 모든 것을 손에 쥐고 쓸 수 있도록 했다.
2. 관리와 재판관들은 특히 각종 자와 되를 감독하는 일을 맡았다(29절). 모든 도량형의 기준이 성소에 보관되었으며, 레위인들이 이를 관리하여 정확성을 유지하고, 도량형에 관한 문제가 제기될 때 다른 것들을 검증하는 역할을 했다.
3. 찬양대원들의 직무는 아침 제사와 저녁 제사, 그리고 안식일과 초하루 등의 절기 때 여호와께 감사하고 찬양하는 것이었다(30-31절). 모세는 번제와 다른 제사들, 그리고 절기에 나팔을 불라고 명령했다(민수기 10:10). 나팔 소리는 장엄하여 예배자들의 마음을 움직일 수 있었지만, 말을 분명히 전달하지는 못했다. 다윗이 정한 것처럼 그러한 절기에 시편을 노래하는 것이야말로 이성적인 예배였다. 유대 교회가 유아기에서 성장해 갈수록 예배에서의 이해력이 더욱 깊어졌고, 마침내 복음에 이르러서는 유치한 것들을 버리게 되었다(고린도전서 13:11; 갈라디아서 4:3, 9).
4. 문지기들의 직무는(5절) 성막과 성소를 지키는 것이었다. 허락된 자들만 들어오고, 그 허락된 자들도 허락된 거리 이상 가까이 가지 않도록 감시했다(32절). 그들은 또한 아론 자손들의 직임을 지키며 그들의 심부름을 하는 역할도 했다. 그럼에도 불구하고 아론의 자손들은 여전히 그들의 형제라고 불렸는데, 이는 제사장들에게 비록 높은 지위에 올랐을지라도 평범한 레위인들과 같은 뿌리에서 나왔음을 기억시키는 역할을 했다. 따라서 그들을 지배해서는 안 되고, 모든 일에서 형제로서 대해야 했다.
원주석
- 번역원본
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