1~9절 카드 ↗
The Reign of Jehoahaz. . 1 In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned seventeen years. 2 And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD , and followed the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, which made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom. 3 And the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and he delivered them into the hand of Hazael king of Syria, and into the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael, all their days. 4 And Jehoahaz besought the LORD , and the LORD hearkened unto him: for he saw the oppression of Israel, because the king of Syria oppressed them. 5 (And the LORD gave Israel a saviour, so that they went out from under the hand of the Syrians: and the children of Israel dwelt in their tents, as beforetime. 6 Nevertheless they departed not from the sins of the house of Jeroboam, who made Israel sin, but walked therein: and there remained the grove also in Samaria.) 7 Neither did he leave of the people to Jehoahaz but fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria had destroyed them, and had made them like the dust by threshing. 8 Now the rest of the acts of Jehoahaz, and all that he did, and his might, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? 9 And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead. This general account of the reign of Jehoahaz, and of the state of Israel during his seventeen years, though short, is long enough to let us see two things which are very affecting and instructive:-- I. The glory of Israel raked up in the ashes, buried and lost, and turned into shame. How unlike does Israel appear here to what it had been and might have been! How is its crown profaned and its honour laid in the dust! 1. It was the honour of Israel that they worshipped the only living and true God, who is a Spirit, an eternal mind, and had rules by which to worship him of his own appointment; but by changing the glory of their incorruptible God into the similitude of an ox, the truth of God into a lie, they lost this honour, and levelled themselves with the nations that worshipped the work of their own hands. We find here that the king followed the sins of Jeroboam ( 2 Kings 13:2 ; 2 Kings 13:2 ), and the people departed not from them, but walked therein, 2 Kings 13:6 ; 2 Kings 13:6 . There could not be a greater reproach than these two idolized calves were to a people that were instructed in the service of God and entrusted with the lively oracles. In all the history of the ten tribes we never find the least shock given to that idolatry, but, in every reign, still the calf was their god, and they separated themselves to that shame. 2. It was the honour of Israel that they were taken under the special protection of heaven; God himself was their defence, the shield of their help and the sword of their excellency. Happy wast thou, O Israel! upon this account. But here, as often before, we find them stripped of this glory, and exposed to the insults of all their neighbours. They by their sins provoked God to anger, and then he delivered them into the hands of Hazael and Benhadad, 2 Kings 13:3 ; 2 Kings 13:3 . Hazael oppressed Israel 2 Kings 13:22 ; 2 Kings 13:22 . Surely never was any nation so often plucked and pillaged by their neighbours as Israel was. This the people brought upon themselves by sin; when they had provoked God to pluck up their hedge, the goodness of their land did but tempt their neighbours to prey upon them. So low was Israel brought in this reign, by the many depredations which the Syrians made upon them, that the militia of the kingdom and all the force they could bring into the field were but fifty horsemen, ten chariots, and 10,000 footmen, a despicable muster, 2 Kings 13:7 ; 2 Kings 13:7 . Have the thousands of Israel come to this? How has the gold become dim! The debauching of a nation will certainly be the debasing of it. II. Some sparks of Israel's ancient honour appearing in these ashes. It is not quite forgotten, notwithstanding all these quarrels, that this people is the Israel of God and he is the God of Israel. For, 1. It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people: and here we find somewhat of that honour revived; for Jehoahaz their king, in his distress, besought the Lord ( 2 Kings 13:4 ; 2 Kings 13:4 ), applied for help, not to the calves (what help could they give him?) but to the Lord. It becomes kings to be beggars at God's door, and the greatest of men to be humble petitioners at the footstool of his throne. Need will drive them to it. 2. It was the ancient honour of Israel that they had God nigh unto them in all that which they called upon him for ( Deuteronomy 4:7 ), and so he was here. Though he might justly have rejected the prayer as an abomination to him, yet the Lord hearkened unto Jehoahaz, and to his prayer for himself and for his people ( 2 Kings 13:4 ; 2 Kings 13:4 ), and he gave Israel a saviour ( 2 Kings 13:5 ; 2 Kings 13:5 ), not Jehoahaz himself, for all his days Hazael oppressed Israel ( 2 Kings 13:22 ; 2 Kings 13:22 ), but his son, to whom, in answer to his father's prayers, God gave success against the Syrians, so that he recovered the cities which they had taken from his father, 2 Kings 13:25 ; 2 Kings 13:25 . This gracious answer God gave to the prayer of Jehoahaz, not for his sake, or the sake of that unworthy people, but in remembrance of his covenant with Abraham ( 2 Kings 13:23 ; 2 Kings 13:23 ), which, in such exigencies as these, he had long since promised to have respect to, Leviticus 26:42 . See swift God is to show mercy, how ready to hear prayers, how willing to find out a reason to be gracious, else he would not look so far back as that ancient covenant which Israel had so often broken and forfeited all the benefit of. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him, and encourage even those that have forsaken him to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-10-19" class="com-number"
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bible-text/2ki-13-1, bible-text/2ki-13-2, bible-text/2ki-13-3, bible-text/2ki-13-4, bible-text/2ki-13-5, bible-text/2ki-13-6, bible-text/2ki-13-7, bible-text/2ki-13-8, bible-text/2ki-13-9
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
여호아하스의 치세와 이스라엘의 상황을 다루는 이 짧은 기록은, 비록 짧지만, 매우 중요한 두 가지 사실을 보여 주기에 충분하다.
**I. 이스라엘의 영광이 잿더미 속에 묻히다.** 이스라엘은 과거에 누렸던 것, 또 누릴 수 있었던 것과는 너무나 다른 모습으로 등장한다. 왕관은 더럽혀지고 존귀는 땅에 떨어졌다.
1. 이스라엘의 영예는 살아 계신 참 하나님 한 분만을 예배하는 데 있었다. 그분은 영이시요 영원한 마음이시며, 그분 자신이 제정하신 예배 방식을 갖고 계신다. 그러나 이스라엘은 썩지 않는 하나님의 영광을 소의 형상으로 바꾸고 하나님의 진리를 거짓으로 대체함으로써 이 영예를 잃어버리고, 자기 손으로 만든 것을 섬기는 민족들과 같은 수준으로 전락했다. 왕은 여로보암의 죄를 따랐고(2절), 백성도 그 죄를 떠나지 않고 그 안에서 행했다(6절). 하나님의 섬김에 대해 교육을 받고 살아 있는 하나님의 말씀을 위탁받은 백성에게, 우상화된 두 금송아지보다 더 큰 치욕은 없었다. 열 지파의 역사 전체를 통틀어 그 우상숭배에 단 한 번도 타격이 가해진 적이 없었다. 매 통치 때마다 금송아지가 그들의 신이었고, 그들은 그 수치스러운 것에 자신을 바쳤다.
2. 이스라엘의 또 다른 영예는 하늘의 특별한 보호 아래 있다는 것이었다. 하나님 자신이 그들의 방패요 도움이시며 그들의 탁월함의 검이셨다. 그러나 여기서도, 과거에 자주 그러했듯이, 그 영광이 박탈되고 이웃 나라들의 공격에 노출된 모습을 본다. 이스라엘은 죄로 하나님을 진노하게 했고, 그러자 하나님은 그들을 하사엘과 그 아들 벤하닷의 손에 넘기셨다(3절). 하사엘은 이스라엘을 압제했다(22절). 어떤 민족도 이스라엘만큼 자주 이웃에게 약탈당한 적이 없다. 백성이 죄로 이것을 자초했다. 하나님이 그들의 울타리를 걷어 내시자, 그들의 땅이 비옥할수록 이웃들이 그것을 탐내게 되었다. 여호아하스의 치세에 이스라엘은 시리아의 잦은 침략으로 너무나 피폐해져서, 전군의 병력이 기병 50명, 병거 10승, 보병 10,000명에 불과한 처참한 상태가 되었다(7절). 이스라엘의 수천 명이 이 지경까지 이르렀단 말인가! 금이 어찌 이리 빛을 잃었는가! 나라를 타락시키면 반드시 나라를 비천하게 만든다.
**II. 이 잿더미 속에서 이스라엘 고대의 영광이 불씨처럼 빛나다.** 이 모든 불화에도 불구하고, 이 백성이 하나님의 이스라엘이며 그분이 이스라엘의 하나님이시라는 사실은 완전히 잊혀지지 않았다.
1. 이스라엘의 고대 영예 중 하나는 기도하는 백성이라는 것이었다. 여기서 그 영예의 흔적이 되살아난다. 여호아하스는 고난 중에 여호와께 간구했다(4절). 그는 금송아지에게 도움을 구하지 않고(금송아지가 무슨 도움을 줄 수 있겠는가?) 여호와께 나아갔다. 왕들도 하나님의 문 앞에서 구걸하는 자가 되는 것이 합당하며, 가장 위대한 사람도 하나님의 보좌 발치 앞에 겸손히 간청하는 자가 되어야 한다. 궁핍이 그들을 그리로 몰아간다.
2. 이스라엘의 또 다른 고대 영예는 그들이 부를 때마다 하나님이 가까이 계신다는 것이었다(신 4:7). 그리고 여기서도 그러했다. 하나님은 여호아하스의 기도를 가증스럽게 여겨 거절하실 수도 있었지만, 여호와는 여호아하스에게, 곧 자신과 백성을 위한 그의 기도에 귀를 기울이셨다(4절). 그리고 이스라엘에게 구원자를 보내 주셨다(5절). 여호아하스 자신은 아니었다. 그의 일생 동안 하사엘이 이스라엘을 압제했기 때문이다(22절). 오히려 그의 아들이 구원자가 되었으니, 아버지의 기도에 응답하사 하나님이 그에게 시리아를 이기는 승리를 주셔서 그가 아버지에게서 빼앗긴 성읍들을 되찾게 하셨다(25절). 하나님이 여호아하스의 기도에 이처럼 자비롭게 응답하신 것은, 그나 그 합당치 않은 백성 때문이 아니라, 아브라함과의 언약을 기억하셨기 때문이다(23절). 이스라엘이 수없이 어기고 모든 혜택을 스스로 포기해 버린 그 오래된 언약까지 거슬러 올라가 자비를 베풀 근거를 찾으시는 하나님의 신속하심을 보라(레 26:42). 이것이 우리를 그분께 영원히 이끌어야 하며, 그분을 떠난 자들까지도 돌아와 회개하도록 격려해야 한다. 그분 안에 용서가 있으니, 그분이 두려워함을 받으시기 위함이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-2ki-13-1-9(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
1~25절 카드 ↗
S E C O N D K I N G S CHAP. XIII. This chapter brings us again to the history of the kings of Israel, and particularly of the family of Jehu. We have here an account of the reign, I. Of his son Jehoahaz, which continued seventeen years. 1. His bad character in general ( 2 Kings 13:1 ; 2 Kings 13:2 ), the trouble he was brought into ( 2 Kings 13:3 ), and the low ebb of his affairs, 2 Kings 13:7 . 2. His humiliation before God, and God's compassion towards him, 2 Kings 13:4 ; 2 Kings 13:5 ; 2 Kings 13:23 . 3. His continuance in his idolatry notwithstanding, 2 Kings 13:6 . 4. His death, 2 Kings 13:8 ; 2 Kings 13:9 . II. Of his grandson Joash, which continued sixteen years. Here is a general account of his reign in the usual form ( 2 Kings 13:10-13 ), but a particular account of the death of Elisha in his time. 1. The kind visit the king made him ( 2 Kings 13:14 ), the encouragement he gave the king in his wars with Syria, 2 Kings 13:15-19 . 2. His death and burial ( 2 Kings 13:20 ), and a miracle wrought by his bones, 2 Kings 13:21 . And, lastly, the advantages Joash gained against the Syrians, according to his predictions, 2 Kings 13:24 ; 2 Kings 13:25 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-9" class="com-number"
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Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
열왕기하 13장은 예후 왕가에 속한 이스라엘 왕들의 역사로 다시 돌아간다. 이 장에서는 두 왕의 통치를 다룬다. 첫째, 예후의 아들 여호아하스의 통치(17년간). (1) 그의 전반적인 악한 성품(1-2절), 그가 처한 환난(3절), 그의 나라가 쇠락한 모습(7절). (2) 그가 하나님 앞에 겸비하게 된 일과 하나님의 자비하심(4-5절, 23절). (3) 그가 우상숭배를 계속한 일(6절). (4) 그의 죽음(8-9절). 둘째, 예후의 손자 요아스의 통치(16년간). 통상적인 형식에 따른 그의 통치에 대한 일반적 기술(10-13절)이 있으며, 그의 시대에 일어난 엘리사의 죽음에 대한 상세한 기록이 있다. (1) 왕이 엘리사를 문병한 일(14절), 엘리사가 시리아와의 전쟁에서 왕을 격려한 일(15-19절). (2) 엘리사의 죽음과 장사(20절), 그의 뼈로 행해진 기적(21절). 마지막으로, 엘리사의 예언에 따라 요아스가 시리아에게서 거둔 승리(24-25절).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-2ki-13-intro(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
10~19절 카드 ↗
The Reign of Joash, King of Israel. . 10 In the thirty and seventh year of Joash king of Judah began Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned sixteen years. 11 And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD ; he departed not from all the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel sin: but he walked therein. 12 And the rest of the acts of Joash, and all that he did, and his might wherewith he fought against Amaziah king of Judah, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? 13 And Joash slept with his fathers; and Jeroboam sat upon his throne: and Joash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel. 14 Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he died. And Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over his face, and said, O my father, my father, the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof. 15 And Elisha said unto him, Take bow and arrows. And he took unto him bow and arrows. 16 And he said to the king of Israel, Put thine hand upon the bow. And he put his hand upon it: and Elisha put his hands upon the king's hands. 17 And he said, Open the window eastward. And he opened it. Then Elisha said, Shoot. And he shot. And he said, The arrow of the LORD 's deliverance, and the arrow of deliverance from Syria: for thou shalt smite the Syrians in Aphek, till thou have consumed them. 18 And he said, Take the arrows. And he took them. And he said unto the king of Israel, Smite upon the ground. And he smote thrice, and stayed. 19 And the man of God was wroth with him, and said, Thou shouldest have smitten five or six times; then hadst thou smitten Syria till thou hadst consumed it: whereas now thou shalt smite Syria but thrice. We have here Jehoash, or Joash, the son of Jehoahaz and grandson of Jehu, upon the throne of Israel. Probably the house of Jehu intended some respect to the house of David when they gave this heir-apparent to the crown the same name with him that was then king of Judah. I. The general account here given of him and his reign is much the same with what we have already met with, and has little in it remarkable, 2 Kings 13:10-13 ; 2 Kings 13:10-13 . He was none of the worst, and yet, because he kept up that ancient and politic idolatry of the house of Jeroboam, it is said, He did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord. That one evil was enough to leave an indelible mark of infamy upon his name; for, how little evil soever men saw in it, it was, in the sight of the Lord, a very wicked thing; and we are sure that his judgment is according to truth. It is observable how lightly the inspired penman passes over his acts, and his might wherewith he warred, leaving it to the common historians to record them, while he takes notice only of the respect he showed to Elisha. One good action shall make a better figure in God's book than twenty great ones; and, in his account, it gains a man a much better reputation to honour a prophet than to conquer a king and his army. II. The particular account of what passed between him and Elisha has several things in it remarkable. 1. Elisha fell sick, 2 Kings 13:14 ; 2 Kings 13:14 . Observe, (1.) He lived long; for it was now about sixty years since he was first called to be a prophet. It was a great mercy to Israel, and especially to the sons of the prophets, that he was continued so long a burning and shining light. Elijah finished his testimony in a fourth part of that time. God's prophets have their day set them, some longer, others shorter, as Infinite Wisdom sees fit. (2.) All the latter part of his time, from the anointing of Jehu, which was forty-five years before Joash began his reign, we find no mention made of him, or of any thing he did, till we find him here upon his death-bed. He might be useful to the last, and yet not so famous as he had sometimes been. The time of his flourishing was less than the time of his living. Let not old people complain of obscurity, but rather be well pleased with retirement. (3.) The spirit of Elijah rested on Elisha, and yet he was not sent for to heaven in a fiery chariot, as Elijah was, but went the common road out of the world, and was visited with the visitation of all men. If God honour some above others, who yet are not inferior to them in gifts or graces, who shall find fault? May he not do what he will with his own? 2. King Joash visited him in his sickness, and wept over him, 2 Kings 13:14 ; 2 Kings 13:14 . This was an evidence of some good in him, that he had a value and affection for a faithful prophet; so far was he from hating and persecuting him as a troubler of Israel that he loved and honoured him as one of the greatest blessings of his kingdom, and lamented the loss of him. There have been those who would not be obedient to the word of God, and yet have the faithful ministers of it so manifested in their consciences that they could not but have an honour for them. Observe here, (1.) When the king heard of Elisha's sickness he came to visit him, and to receive his dying counsel and blessing; and it was no disparagement to him, though a king, thus to honour one whom God honoured. Note, It may turn much to our spiritual advantage to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good ministers and other good men, that we may learn to die, and may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. (2.) Though Elisha was very old, had been a great while useful, and, in the course of nature, could not continue long, yet the king, when he saw him sick and likely to die, wept over him. The aged are most experienced and therefore can worst be spared. In many causes, one old witness is worth ten young ones. (3.) He lamented him in the same words with which Elisha had himself lamented the removal of Elijah: My father, my father. It is probable he had heard or read them in that famous story. Note, Those that give just honours to the generation that goes before them are often recompensed with the like from the generation that comes after them. He that watereth, that watereth with tears, shall be watered, shall be so watered, also himself, when it comes to his own turn, Proverbs 11:25 . (4.) This king was herein selfish; he lamented the loss of Elisha because he was as the chariot and horsemen of Israel, and therefore could be ill spared when Israel was so poor in chariots and horsemen, as we find they were ( 2 Kings 13:7 ; 2 Kings 13:7 ), when they had in all but fifty horsemen and ten chariots. Those who consider how much good men contribute to the defence of a nation, and the keeping off of God's judgments, will see cause to lament the removal of them. 3. Elisha gave the king great assurances of his success against the Syrians, Israel's present oppressors, and encouraged him to prosecute the war against them with vigour. Elisha was aware that therefore he was loth to part with him because he looked upon him as the great bulwark of the kingdom against that common enemy, and depended much upon his blessings and prayers in his designs against them. "Well," says Elisha, "if that be the cause of your grief, let not that trouble thee, for thou shalt be victorious over the Syrians when I am in my grave. I die, but God will surely visit you. He has the residue of the Spirit, and can raise up other prophets to pray for you." God's grace is not tied to one hand. He can bury his workmen and yet carry on his work. To animate the king against the Syrians he gives him a sign, orders him to take bow and arrows ( 2 Kings 13:15 ; 2 Kings 13:15 ), to intimate to him that, in order to the deliverance of his kingdom from the Syrians, he must put himself into a military posture and resolve to undergo the perils and fatigues of war. God would be the agent, but he must be the instrument. And that he should be successful he gives him a token, by directing him, (1.) To shoot an arrow towards Syria, 2 Kings 13:16 ; 2 Kings 13:17 . The king, no doubt, knew how to manage a bow better than the prophet did, and yet, because the arrow now to be shot was to have its significancy from the divine institution, as if he were now to be disciplined, he received the words of command from the prophet: Put thy hand upon the bow -- Open the window -- Shoot. Nay, as if he had been a child that never drew a bow before, Elisha put his hands upon the king's hands, to signify that in all his expeditions against the Syrians he must look up to God for direction and strength, must reckon his own hands not sufficient for him, but go on in a dependence upon divine aid. He teacheth my hands to war, Psalms 18:34 ; Psalms 144:1 . The trembling hands of a dying prophet, as they signified the concurrence and communication of the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. The Syrians had made themselves masters of the country that lay eastward, 2 Kings 10:33 ; 2 Kings 10:33 . Thitherward therefore the arrow was directed, and such an interpretation given by the prophet of the shooting of this arrow, though shot in one respect at random, as made it, [1.] A commission to the king to attack the Syrians, notwithstanding their power and possession. [2.] A promise of success therein. It is the arrow of the Lord's deliverance, even the arrow of deliverance from Syria. It is God that commands deliverance; and, when he will effect it, who can hinder? The arrow of deliverance is his. He shoots out his arrows, and the work is done, Psalms 18:14 . " Thou shalt smite the Syrians in Aphek, where they are now encamped, or where they are to have a general rendezvous of their forces, till thou have consumed those of them that are vexatious and oppressive to thee and thy kingdom." (2.) To strike with the arrows, 2 Kings 13:18 ; 2 Kings 13:19 . The prophet having in God's name assured him of victory over the Syrians, he will now try him and see what improvement he will make of his victories, whether he will push them on with more zeal than Ahab did when Benhadad lay at his mercy. For the trial of this he bids him smite with the arrows on the ground: "Believe them brought to the ground by the arrow of the Lord's deliverance, and laid at thy feet; and now show me what thou wilt do to them when thou hast them down, whether thou wilt do as David did when God gave him the necks of his enemies, beat them small as the dust before the wind, " Psalms 18:40 ; Psalms 18:42 . The king showed not that eagerness and flame which one might have expected upon this occasion, but smote thrice, and no more. Either out of foolish tenderness to the Syrians, he smote as if he were afraid of hurting them, at least of ruining them, willing to show mercy to those that never did, nor ever would, show mercy to him or his people. Or, perhaps, he smote thrice, and very coldly, because he thought it but a silly thing, that it looked idle and childish for a king to beat the floor with his arrows; and thrice was often enough for him to play the fool merely to please the prophet. But, by contemning the sign, he lost the thing signified, sorely to the grief of the dying prophet, who was angry with him, and told him he should have smitten five or six times. Not being straitened in the power and promise of God, why should he be straitened in his own expectations and endeavours? Note, It cannot but be a trouble to good men to see those they wish well to stand in their own light and forsake their own mercies, to see them lose their advantages against their spiritual enemies, and to give them advantage. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-20-25" class="com-number"
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bible-text/2ki-13-10, bible-text/2ki-13-11, bible-text/2ki-13-12, bible-text/2ki-13-13, bible-text/2ki-13-14, bible-text/2ki-13-15, bible-text/2ki-13-16, bible-text/2ki-13-17, bible-text/2ki-13-18, bible-text/2ki-13-19
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
요아스, 곧 여호아하스의 아들이자 예후의 손자가 이스라엘 왕위에 올랐다. 예후 왕가는 이 왕세자에게 당시 유다 왕의 이름과 같은 이름을 줌으로써 다윗 왕가에 대한 경의를 표하려 한 것으로 보인다.
**I. 요아스와 그의 치세에 대한 일반적 기술**은 이미 접해 온 것들과 크게 다르지 않으며 특별히 주목할 만한 것이 없다(10-13절). 그는 최악의 왕은 아니었으나, 여로보암 왕가의 오래되고 정치적인 우상숭배를 유지했기 때문에, "여호와 보시기에 악을 행했다"고 기록된다. 그 한 가지 악이 그의 이름에 지울 수 없는 치욕의 낙인을 찍기에 충분했다. 사람들이 그것을 아무리 가볍게 보았더라도, 그것은 여호와 보시기에 매우 악한 것이었으며, 그분의 심판은 진리에 따른다. 성령의 감동을 받은 저자가 그의 행적과 전쟁에서의 용맹을 얼마나 가볍게 지나쳐 일반 역사가들에게 맡겼는지, 반면 그가 엘리사에게 보인 존경심만 기록했는지 주목할 만하다. 하나님의 책에서 선한 행동 하나가 이십 가지 위업보다 훨씬 더 빛난다. 하나님의 평가에서는 왕을 이기고 군대를 정복하는 것보다 선지자를 공경하는 것이 훨씬 더 좋은 명성을 얻는다.
**II. 요아스와 엘리사 사이에 있었던 일의 상세한 기록**에는 여러 주목할 점이 있다.
1. 엘리사가 병들었다(14절). (1) 그는 오래 살았다. 선지자로 처음 부름받은 때로부터 이제 약 60년이 지났다. 엘리사가 이처럼 오래 불타오르고 빛나는 빛으로 유지된 것은 이스라엘과 선지자의 무리들에게 큰 자비였다. 엘리야는 그 4분의 1도 안 되는 시간에 증거를 마쳤다. 하나님의 선지자들에게는 각자의 날이 정해져 있으니, 어떤 이는 더 길고 어떤 이는 더 짧다. 무한한 지혜가 적합하게 보시는 대로. (2) 예후를 기름 부은 때부터 그의 통치 후기까지 약 45년간, 요아스가 통치를 시작하기 전까지, 엘리사에 대한 언급이나 그가 행한 일에 대한 기록이 전혀 없다가 여기서 그의 임종의 자리에서 다시 등장한다. 그는 마지막까지 유익한 삶을 살았을 것이나, 과거만큼 유명하지는 않았다. 그의 번성의 때가 그의 삶의 기간보다 짧았다. 나이 든 이들은 은퇴의 모호함을 불평하기보다 은거함에 만족하는 것이 좋다. (3) 엘리야의 영이 엘리사에게 깃들었으나, 엘리사는 엘리야처럼 불 병거를 타고 하늘로 올라가지 않고 모든 사람이 걷는 그 평범한 길을 통해 세상을 떠났으며, 모든 사람에게 임하는 심방인 병으로 찾아옴을 받았다. 하나님이 어떤 이를 다른 이보다 더 높이 영예롭게 하실 때, 은사나 은혜에서 그보다 못하지 않은 이도 있는데, 누가 이의를 달겠는가? 그분은 자기 것으로 자기 원하시는 대로 하실 수 없겠는가?
2. 요아스 왕이 엘리사의 병을 문병하고 그 위에서 울었다(14절). 그가 신실한 선지자를 귀히 여기고 사랑했다는 것은 그 안에 선한 것이 있다는 증거다. 그는 이스라엘을 괴롭히는 자로 미워하고 박해하기는커녕, 왕국의 가장 큰 복으로 여겨 사랑하고 존경했으며 그를 잃는 것을 슬퍼했다. 하나님의 말씀에 순종하지는 않으면서도, 하나님의 신실한 종들이 자신의 양심 속에서 그렇게 드러나서 그들을 존경하지 않을 수 없는 사람들이 있어 왔다.
(1) 왕은 엘리사의 병 소식을 듣고 그를 문병하여 죽어가는 그의 권면과 축복을 받으러 왔다. 왕이라도 하나님이 높이신 사람을 이렇게 공경하는 것은 그의 위신을 손상시키지 않는다. 선한 목사들과 다른 선인들의 병상과 임종의 자리에 참석하는 것은 우리의 영적 유익에 크게 기여할 수 있다. 죽는 법을 배우고, 죽어가는 시간에 신앙에서 받는 살아 있는 위로를 통해 신앙 안에서 격려를 받을 수 있기 때문이다.
(2) 엘리사는 매우 나이 들었고 오래 유용하게 사용되었으며 자연의 과정에서 오래 살 수 없었지만, 왕은 그가 병들어 죽어가는 것을 보고 그 위에서 울었다. 나이 든 이들이 가장 경험이 많기에 가장 아쉽게 보내야 한다. 많은 경우, 늙은 증인 한 명이 젊은 증인 열 명의 가치가 있다.
(3) 요아스는 엘리사가 엘리야의 승천을 탄식했던 것과 같은 말로 그를 탄식했다. "내 아버지여, 내 아버지여." 그가 그 유명한 이야기에서 그 말을 읽었거나 들었을 것이다. 자신보다 앞선 세대에 마땅한 경의를 표하는 이들은 종종 그 다음 세대로부터 같은 보상을 받는다. 눈물로 물을 주는 자는 자신의 차례가 왔을 때 자신도 그렇게 물을 받을 것이다(잠 11:25).
(4) 이 왕은 이기적인 동기도 있었다. 그는 이스라엘의 병거와 마병이 되는 엘리사를 잃는 것을 슬퍼했다. 이스라엘이 기병 50명과 병거 10승밖에 없을 만큼 가난한 상황에서(7절) 그런 이가 없어진다면 정말 아쉬울 터였다. 선인들이 나라의 방어와 하나님의 심판을 막는 일에 얼마나 크게 기여하는지를 생각하는 이들은 그들의 제거를 슬퍼할 이유를 알게 된다.
3. 엘리사는 이스라엘의 현재 압제자인 시리아에 대한 왕의 승리를 크게 확신시켜 주고, 그 전쟁을 힘 있게 수행하도록 격려했다. 엘리사는 왕이 그와의 이별을 꺼리는 것이, 그를 이 공동의 원수에 대한 가장 큰 방어 보루로 보고 그들에 대한 계획에서 그의 축복과 기도에 크게 의지하기 때문임을 알았다. "그렇다면," 엘리사가 말했다. "당신이 슬퍼하는 이유가 그것이라면 염려하지 마십시오. 내가 무덤에 들어간 후에도 당신은 시리아에게 승리할 것입니다. 나는 죽지만 하나님은 반드시 당신을 돌아보실 것입니다. 그분은 성령의 나머지를 갖고 계시고 당신을 위해 기도할 다른 선지자들을 일으키실 수 있습니다." 하나님의 은혜는 한 사람의 손에 묶여 있지 않다. 그분은 일꾼들을 묻으면서도 그 일을 계속 이어 가실 수 있다.
왕을 시리아를 향해 분기하게 하기 위해, 엘리사는 그에게 활과 화살을 가져오게 했다(15절). 이는 시리아로부터 왕국을 구원하기 위해 왕이 군사적 태세를 갖추고 전쟁의 위험과 수고를 감당하기로 결단해야 함을 암시하는 것이었다. 하나님이 행위자가 되시지만 왕은 도구가 되어야 한다. 그리고 왕이 승리할 것임을 보여 주기 위해, 엘리사는 왕에게 두 가지 징표를 주었다.
(1) 시리아 방향으로 화살을 쏘게 했다(16-17절). 왕은 당연히 선지자보다 활을 다루는 법을 더 잘 알았다. 그러나 이제 쏠 화살이 신적 제정으로부터 그 의의를 가져야 했기에, 마치 처음 훈련받는 사람처럼 엘리사에게 지휘를 받았다. "활을 잡으라 — 창문을 동쪽으로 열라 — 쏘아라." 심지어 엘리사는 아직 한 번도 활을 당겨 본 적 없는 아이를 가르치듯, 왕의 손 위에 자기 손을 얹었다. 이는 시리아에 대한 모든 원정에서 왕이 하나님을 의지하고 방향과 힘을 위해 하나님을 바라보아야 하며, 자신의 손으로는 충분하지 않음을 인정하고 신적 도움을 의지하며 나아가야 함을 의미했다. "그분이 내 손을 훈련시켜 싸우게 하신다"(시 18:34; 시 144:1). 죽어가는 선지자의 떨리는 손은, 하나님의 능력이 임하고 전달된다는 표로서, 왕성한 힘의 왕의 손보다 이 화살에 더 큰 힘을 부여했다. 시리아인들은 동쪽 지방을 점령하고 있었다(왕하 10:33). 그러므로 화살은 그쪽을 향해 날아갔으며, 선지자는 이 화살 쏘기에 해석을 덧붙여, 비록 한 면에서는 무작위로 쏜 것이었지만, 그것을 다음과 같이 만들었다. 첫째, 강력한 점령에도 불구하고 시리아를 공격할 왕에게 주어진 허가. 둘째, 그 안에서의 성공에 대한 약속. "이것은 여호와의 구원의 화살, 곧 시리아에게서의 구원의 화살입니다. 하나님이 구원을 명령하시며, 그분이 그것을 이루실 때 누가 막겠습니까? 구원의 화살은 그분의 것입니다. 그분이 자신의 화살을 쏘시면 일이 이루어집니다(시 18:14). 당신은 아벡에서 시리아인들을 치되, 지금 당신과 왕국에 해를 끼치며 압제하는 자들이 소멸될 때까지 칠 것입니다."
(2) 화살로 땅을 치게 했다(18-19절). 선지자가 하나님의 이름으로 시리아에 대한 승리를 확신시켜 주자, 이제 엘리사는 왕을 시험하여 그 승리를 어떻게 활용할지 보려 했다. 아합이 벤하닷을 손아귀에 넣고도 그냥 보내 주었을 때처럼 하지 않고, 더 많은 열의를 가지고 승리를 추구할지 알아보려 한 것이다. 이를 위해 왕에게 화살로 땅을 치라고 한 것이다. "여호와의 구원의 화살로 시리아가 땅에 쓰러지고 네 발 앞에 놓여 있다고 믿어라. 이제 그들이 쓰러졌을 때 어떻게 할지 보여 다오. 하나님이 원수들의 목을 네게 주실 때 다윗처럼 그들을 바람 앞의 먼지처럼 부수겠느냐?"(시 18:40, 42). 왕은 이 순간에 기대할 수 있었던 열의와 불꽃을 보이지 않고 세 번 치고는 멈추었다. 아마 시리아인들에 대한 어리석은 연민에서, 마치 그들을 해칠까 봐, 적어도 그들을 완전히 멸하는 것을 두려워하는 듯, 자비를 베풀기 원한 것처럼 쳤다. 그들은 왕이나 그의 백성에게 결코 자비를 베푼 적도, 앞으로도 베풀지 않을 자들인데도. 아니면, 왕은 세 번 치고는 그만두었다. 선지자를 기쁘게 하기 위해 화살로 바닥을 두드리는 것이 어리석고 유치하다고 생각하여 세 번으로 충분하다고 여겼기 때문이었을 것이다. 그러나 그 표징을 경시함으로써, 표징이 뜻하는 것을 잃어버렸다. 죽어가는 선지자의 큰 슬픔 속에서. 엘리사는 왕에게 화를 내며 다섯 번이나 여섯 번을 쳤어야 한다고 말했다. 하나님의 능력과 약속에서 제한을 받지 않는데, 왜 자기 기대와 노력에서 제한을 두는가? 자신을 진정으로 아끼는 사람들이 스스로 빛을 가리고 자신의 긍휼을 포기하는 것을 보고, 영적 원수들에 대한 유리함을 잃어버리고 원수들에게 유리함을 주는 것을 보는 것은 선한 사람들에게 고통이 아닐 수 없다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-2ki-13-10-19(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
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The Death of Elisha. . 20 And Elisha died, and they buried him. And the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year. 21 And it came to pass, as they were burying a man, that, behold, they spied a band of men; and they cast the man into the sepulchre of Elisha: and when the man was let down, and touched the bones of Elisha, he revived, and stood up on his feet. 22 But Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz. 23 And the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither cast he them from his presence as yet. 24 So Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his stead. 25 And Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz took again out of the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael the cities, which he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz his father by war. Three times did Joash beat him, and recovered the cities of Israel. We must here attend, I. The sepulchre of Elisha: he died in a good old age, and they buried him; and what follows shows, 1. What power there was in his life to keep off judgments; for, as soon as he was dead, the bands of the Moabites invaded the land--not great armies to face them in the field, but roving skulking bands, that murdered and plundered by surprise. God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. The king was apprehensive of danger only from the Syrians, but, behold, the Moabites invade him. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mentioning of this immediately upon the death of Elisha intimates that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of judgments coming. When ambassadors are recalled heralds may be expected. 2. What power there was in his dead body: it communicated life to another dead body, 2 Kings 13:21 ; 2 Kings 13:21 . This great miracle, though very briefly related, was a decided proof of his mission and a confirmation of all his prophecies. It was also a plain indication of another life after this. When Elisha died, there was not an end of him, for then he could not have done this. From operation we may infer existence. By this it appeared that the Lord was still the God of Elisha; therefore Elisha still lived, for God is not the God of the dead, but of the living. And it may, perhaps, have a reference to Christ, by whose death and burial the grave is made to all believers a safe and happy passage to life. It likewise intimated that though Elisha was dead, yet, in virtue of the promises made by him, Israel's interests, though they seemed quite sunk and lost, should revive and flourish again. The neighbours were carrying the dead body of a man to the grave, and, fearing to fall into the hands of the Moabites, a party of whom they saw at a distance near the place where the body was to be interred, they laid the corpse in the next convenient place, which proved to be Elisha's sepulchre. The dead man, upon touching Elisha's bones, revived, and, it is likely, went home again with his friends. Josephus relates the story otherwise, That some thieves, having robbed and murdered an honest traveller, threw his dead body into Elisha's grave, and it immediately revived. Elijah was honoured in his departure. Elisha was honoured after his departure. God thus dispenses honours as he pleases, but, one way or other, the rest of all the saints will be glorious, Isaiah 11:10 . It is good being near the saints and having our lot with them both in life and death. II. The sword of Joash king of Israel; and we find it successful against the Syrians. 1. The cause of his success was God's favour ( 2 Kings 13:23 ; 2 Kings 13:23 ): The Lord was gracious to them, had compassion on them in their miseries and respect unto them. The several expressions here of the same import call upon us to observe and admire the triumphs of divine goodness in the deliverance of such a provoking people. It was of the Lord's mercies that they were not consumed, because he would not destroy them as yet. He foresaw they would destroy themselves at last, but as yet he would reprieve them, and give them space to repent. The slowness of God's processes against sinners must be construed to the honour of his mercy, not the impeachment of his justice. 2. The effect of his success was Israel's benefit. He recovered out of the hands of Benhadad the cities of Israel which the Syrians were possessed of, 2 Kings 13:25 ; 2 Kings 13:25 . This was a great kindness to the cities themselves, which were hereby brought from under the yoke of oppression, and to the whole kingdom, which was much strengthened by the reduction of those cities. Thrice Joash beat the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, and then a full stop was put to the course of his victories. Many have repented, when it was too late, of their distrusts and the straitness of their desires. return to ' Top of Page ' 2 Kings 2Ki 12 2 Kings 2Ki 2 Kings 2Ki 14 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on 2 Kings 13". 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of 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Corinthians",url:"1-corinthians",abbr:"1Co",sl:"1co",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]},{num:46,name:"2 Corinthians",url:"2-corinthians",abbr:"2Co",sl:"2co",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]},{num:47,name:"Galatians",url:"galatians",abbr:"Gal",sl:"ga",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:48,name:"Ephesians",url:"ephesians",abbr:"Eph",sl:"eph",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:49,name:"Philippians",url:"philippians",abbr:"Phi",sl:"php",ch:[1,2,3,4]},{num:50,name:"Colossians",url:"colossians",abbr:"Col",sl:"col",ch:[1,2,3,4]},{num:51,name:"1 Thessalonians",url:"1-thessalonians",abbr:"1Th",sl:"1th",ch:[1,2,3,4,5]},{num:52,name:"2 Thessalonians",url:"2-thessalonians",abbr:"2Th",sl:"2th",ch:[1,2,3]},{num:53,name:"1 Timothy",url:"1-timothy",abbr:"1Ti",sl:"1ti",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6]},{num:54,name:"2 Timothy",url:"2-timothy",abbr:"2Ti",sl:"2ti",ch:[1,2,3,4]},{num:55,name:"Titus",url:"titus",abbr:"Tit",sl:"tit",ch:[1,2,3]},{num:56,name:"Philemon",url:"philemon",abbr:"Phm",sl:"phm",ch:[1]},{num:57,name:"Hebrews",url:"hebrews",abbr:"Heb",sl:"heb",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]},{num:58,name:"James",url:"james",abbr:"Jas",sl:"jas",ch:[1,2,3,4,5]},{num:59,name:"1 Peter",url:"1-peter",abbr:"1Pe",sl:"1pe",ch:[1,2,3,4,5]},{num:60,name:"2 Peter",url:"2-peter",abbr:"2Pe",sl:"2pe",ch:[1,2,3]},{num:61,name:"1 John",url:"1-john",abbr:"1Jn",sl:"1jo",ch:[1,2,3,4,5]},{num:62,name:"2 John",url:"2-john",abbr:"2Jn",sl:"2jo",ch:[1]},{num:63,name:"3 John",url:"3-john",abbr:"3Jn",sl:"3jo",ch:[1]},{num:64,name:"Jude",url:"jude",abbr:"Jud",sl:"jude",ch:[1]},{num:65,name:"Revelation",url:"revelation",abbr:"Rev",sl:"re",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]}]; var 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-2ki-13-004 - part_of
pericope/per-2ki-13-005
절 (explains)
bible-text/2ki-13-20, bible-text/2ki-13-21, bible-text/2ki-13-22, bible-text/2ki-13-23, bible-text/2ki-13-24, bible-text/2ki-13-25
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
엘리사는 죽었고 장사되었다. 그 뒤에 이어지는 내용은 두 가지를 보여 준다.
**I. 엘리사의 무덤.** 그는 좋은 나이에 죽어 장사되었으며, 그 이후의 일들은 다음을 보여 준다.
1. 살아서 심판을 막아 내는 그의 능력. 그가 죽자마자 모압의 떼들이 그 땅을 침략했다. 대군이 대면하여 싸우는 것이 아니라, 살인과 약탈을 기습으로 자행하는 방랑하는 무리들이었다. 하나님은 도발하는 백성을 징계할 많은 방법을 갖고 계신다. 왕은 오직 시리아로부터만 위험을 느꼈지만, 보라, 모압이 그를 침략한다. 환난은 때로 우리가 가장 두려워하지 않던 방향에서 온다. 엘리사의 죽음 직후에 이것을 언급하는 것은, 하나님의 신실한 선지자들이 제거되는 것이 다가오는 심판의 전조임을 암시한다. 대사가 소환되면 전령이 올 것을 기대할 수 있다.
2. 그의 죽은 몸에 있는 능력. 그것은 다른 죽은 몸에 생명을 전달했다(21절). 이 위대한 기적은 비록 매우 간략하게 기록되었지만, 그의 사명에 대한 결정적인 증거이며 그의 모든 예언에 대한 확증이었다. 이것은 또한 이 세상 이후의 다른 삶에 대한 명백한 암시였다. 엘리사가 죽었을 때 그가 끝난 것이 아니었다. 그렇지 않다면 그가 이 일을 행할 수 없었을 것이다. 작용으로부터 존재를 추론할 수 있다. 이로써 여호와가 여전히 엘리사의 하나님이심이 드러났다. 따라서 엘리사는 여전히 살아 있었다. 하나님은 죽은 자의 하나님이 아니라 산 자의 하나님이시기 때문이다. 이것은 그리스도를 예표할 수도 있다. 그분의 죽음과 장사를 통해 무덤은 모든 믿는 자들에게 생명으로의 안전하고 복된 통로가 된다. 이것은 또한 비록 엘리사가 죽었지만, 그가 한 약속들의 효력으로 인해 완전히 가라앉고 사라진 것처럼 보이는 이스라엘의 이익이 다시 살아나고 번성할 것임을 암시했다.
이웃들이 한 사람의 죽은 몸을 무덤으로 운반하고 있었는데, 모압의 한 무리가 멀지 않은 곳에서 시신이 묻힐 자리 근처에 있는 것을 보고는 겁이 나서 시신을 가장 가까이 있는 편한 곳에 던졌는데, 그것이 엘리사의 무덤이었다. 죽은 사람은 엘리사의 뼈에 닿자 살아났고, 아마 친구들과 함께 돌아갔을 것이다. 요세푸스는 이 이야기를 다르게 전한다. 어떤 도둑들이 한 정직한 여행자를 강도질하고 살해한 뒤 그 죽은 몸을 엘리사의 무덤에 던졌는데 즉시 살아났다고 한다. 엘리야는 그의 떠남에서 영예를 받았다. 엘리사는 그의 떠남 이후에 영예를 받았다. 하나님은 자신이 기뻐하시는 대로 영예를 분배하신다. 그러나 어떤 방식이든, 모든 성도들의 안식은 영광스러울 것이다(사 11:10). 성도들과 가까이 있고 삶과 죽음 모두에서 그들과 함께 하는 몫을 갖는 것이 좋다.
**II. 이스라엘 왕 요아스의 검.** 그것이 시리아에 대해 성공적임이 드러났다.
1. 그의 성공의 원인은 하나님의 은혜였다(23절). "여호와께서 그들에게 은혜를 베푸시며 불쌍히 여기사 그들을 돌아보셨으니 이는 아브라함과 이삭과 야곱과 세우신 그의 언약을 기억하시기 때문이었습니다." 동일한 의미를 가진 여러 표현들이 여기서 우리로 하여금 그토록 도발하는 백성의 구원에서 신적 선하심의 승리를 주목하고 경탄하게 만든다. 그들이 소멸되지 않은 것은 여호와의 자비 덕분이었다. 그분은 아직 그들을 멸하지 않으시려 했다. 그분은 그들이 결국에는 스스로를 멸할 것을 예견하셨지만, 아직은 그들을 유예하시고 회개할 기회를 주시려 했다. 죄인들에 대한 하나님의 심판 과정이 느린 것은 그분의 자비의 영예로 해석되어야지, 그분의 공의에 대한 비난으로 받아들여서는 안 된다.
2. 그의 성공의 결과는 이스라엘의 유익이었다. 그는 시리아가 점령하고 있던 이스라엘의 성읍들을 벤하닷의 손에서 되찾았다(25절). 이것은 억압의 멍에에서 벗어나게 된 그 성읍들 자체에도 큰 은혜였고, 그 성읍들의 회복으로 크게 강화된 온 왕국에도 마찬가지였다. 요아스는 시리아를 세 번 쳤다. 정확히 그가 화살로 땅을 친 횟수만큼이었다. 그리고 그 지점에서 그의 승리의 과정에 완전한 멈춤이 찍혔다. 너무 늦어 자신의 불신과 욕구의 옹색함을 후회한 사람들이 많다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-2ki-13-20-25(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반