1절 카드 ↗
Added now is another vision for the same end; not that the former was difficult to be understood, but because there was need of confirmation in a state of things so disturbed; for though the return of the people was no common evidence of the goodness and favor of God yet as Jerusalem was not flourishing as formerly, as the temple was like a cottage as there was no form of a kingdom and no grandeur, it was difficult to believe what had been already exhibited. This is the reason why God confirms by many proofs the same thing; for we know how difficult the contest is, owing to the infirmity of the flesh, when grievous and sharp trials assail us. Hence Zechariah says, that he saw in the hand of a man a measuring line . He calls him a man, who appeared in the form of man; and it is well known, and a common thing, that angels are called men. For though they put on a human form only for a time, yet as it was the Lord’s will that they should be seen in that form, they are called men, though with no propriety. If it be asked, whether angels did really put on human nature? the obvious answer is, that they never, strictly speaking, became really men. But we know that God treats us as children; and there is the same reason for the expression as for the thing itself. How was it that angels appeared in human form? even that their access to men might be easier. Hence God calls them men as in this place. Zechariah then says, that an angel appeared to him in the form of a man, having in his hand a measuring line. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-zec-2-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
같은 목적을 위해 또 다른 환상이 더해진다. 전자를 이해하기 어려워서가 아니라, 이처럼 혼란스러운 상황에서 확증이 필요했기 때문이다. 비록 백성의 귀환이 하나님의 선하심과 호의의 보통 이상의 증거였지만, 예루살렘이 이전처럼 번성하지 않았고, 성전은 오두막처럼 보였으며, 왕국의 모습도 웅장함도 없었으므로, 이미 나타난 것을 믿기가 어려웠다. 이것이 하나님이 같은 것을 많은 증거로 확증하시는 이유다. 우리는 육신의 연약함 때문에 심각하고 날카로운 시련이 우리를 공격할 때 그 싸움이 얼마나 어려운지 알기 때문이다.
그러므로 스가랴는 한 사람의 손에 측량줄이 있는 것을 보았다고 말한다. 그는 사람의 형태로 나타난 이를 사람이라 부르는데, 천사들이 사람이라 불리는 것은 잘 알려진 흔한 일이다. 비록 그들이 일시적으로만 인간의 형태를 취하지만, 주님이 그들이 그 형태로 보이기를 원하시므로, 정확한 표현은 아닐지라도 사람이라 불린다. 천사들이 실제로 인간 본성을 취했는지 묻는다면, 명백한 답은 그들이 엄격히 말해 결코 진정한 사람이 된 적이 없다는 것이다. 그러나 우리는 하나님이 우리를 자녀로 대하신다는 것을 안다. 표현에는 사물 자체와 같은 이유가 있다. 천사들이 인간의 형태로 나타난 것은 어떻게인가? 바로 사람들과의 접근이 더 쉽도록 하기 위함이었다. 그러므로 하나님은 이 구절에서처럼 그들을 사람이라 부르신다. 그러므로 스가랴는 손에 측량줄을 가진 사람의 형태로 천사가 그에게 나타났다고 말한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-zec-2-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
2절 카드 ↗
He then asks him where he was going; the answer given is, to measure Jerusalem, to see what was its breadth and its length . The design of the prophecy is then stated, Behold, inhabited shall be Jerusalem throughout all its villages , (29) as it could not contain within its walls so large a multitude of men. God then would so increase his people, that they could not be contained within its walls, but that the limits of the Church would be spacious. Inhabited then shall be Jerusalem throughout all its villages , that is, through the whole country around. This is the meaning. We now see the design of the Holy Spirit. As a small portion only had returned from exile, the faithful might have become disheartened when they found that the restoration of the Church was very far from being so splendid as what had been so often predicted and promised. It was therefore necessary that they should be encouraged, in order that they might patiently wait while God was performing by degrees, and step by step, what he had testified. That they might not then confine God’s favor to a short period, or to a few days, the Prophet says here, that the measure of Jerusalem was different in the sight of God from what it was in the sight of men. With regard to the “line”, it was according to the ancient custom; for we know that they did not then use a ten foot pole or some such measure, but a line. The Prophet, by saying that he raised up his eyes and saw this man, reminds us that Jerusalem was to be regarded prospectively: for they could hardly be induced then to build the city as a small and obscure town. We hence see that a difference is to be here noticed between the external aspect of Jerusalem, such as it was then, and its future condition, for which they were to look though not then visible. This then is the design of the prophecy, when it is said, that when Zechariah raised up his eyes, he saw a measure or a line in the hand of a man. He further reminds us that he was attentive to these visions, for by asking he proves that he was not asleep or indifferent, as many are who extinguish every light by their sloth; and I wish there was no such torpor prevailing among us in the present day! for we justly suffer punishment for our contempt, whenever we heedlessly and negligently attend to what God sets before us. Let us then learn greater attention and diligence from the Prophet’s example. He asks where he was going, the answer given is, to measure : and then he shows what would be the measure of Jerusalem, that it would hereafter extend beyond the walls, as that compass would not contain the vast number of the people. “God will extend,” he says, “far and wide the holy city; it will no longer be confined as before to its own walls, but will be inhabited through all its villages.” There is then no doubt but that God intended here to bear witness respecting the propagation of his Church, which was to follow a long time afterwards, even after the coming of Christ. For though Jerusalem became wealthy and also large in its compass, and, as it is well known, a triple city, and heathen writers say that it was among the first of the cities of the East when Babylon was still existing, yet this prophecy was not verified in the state of Jerusalem, for it was not inhabited without its walls, nor did it spread through the whole of Judea. We hence conclude, that the spiritual Jerusalem is here described, which differs from all earthly cities. (29) Literally it is, “villages shall Jerusalem inhabit;” Jerusalem is to be taken, as “land” in Zechariah 1:21 , for its inhabitants. [ פרזות ] were villages, open, unwalled, not fortified. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-zec-2-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그는 그에게 어디로 가느냐고 물었다. 그 답은 예루살렘의 너비와 길이가 얼마인지를 보기 위해 측량하러 간다는 것이었다. 그러고 나서 예언의 목적이 제시된다. "예루살렘은 그 가운데 사람과 가축이 많으므로 성벽 없는 촌읍들에 거하리라." 하나님이 자신의 백성을 성벽 안에 그토록 많은 무리를 담을 수 없을 정도로 크게 번성케 하실 것이요, 교회의 경계가 광대해질 것이다. 그러므로 예루살렘은 사방의 촌읍들, 즉 사방 온 지역에 거하게 될 것이다. 이것이 의미이다.
이제 우리는 성령의 의도를 알 수 있다. 포로에서 돌아온 것은 소수였으므로, 교회의 회복이 그토록 자주 예언되고 약속된 것처럼 화려하지 않음을 알았을 때 신실한 자들이 낙심했을 수 있다. 그러므로 그들이 하나님이 단계적으로, 한 걸음씩 증언하신 것을 행하시는 동안 인내하며 기다리도록 격려하는 것이 필요했다. 따라서 하나님의 호의를 짧은 기간이나 며칠로 한정하지 않도록, 선지자는 여기서 예루살렘의 척도가 사람들의 눈에 보이는 것과 하나님의 눈에 보이는 것이 다름을 말한다. "줄"에 관해서는 그것이 고대 관습에 따른 것이었다. 그들이 10피트 막대나 그런 척도를 사용하지 않고 줄을 사용했음을 우리는 알기 때문이다.
선지자는 눈을 들어 이 사람을 보았다고 말함으로써, 예루살렘이 미래지향적으로 보아야 함을 상기시킨다. 그때에는 작고 초라한 마을로 건설하도록 유도하기 어려웠기 때문이다. 그러므로 우리는 여기서 예루살렘의 외적 모습, 즉 그 당시의 것과, 아직 보이지 않지만 바라보아야 할 미래의 상태 사이에 차이를 주목해야 함을 알 수 있다. 스가랴가 눈을 들었을 때 사람의 손에 줄이나 측량줄을 보았다고 말할 때, 이것이 예언의 목적이다. 그는 또한 자신이 이 환상들에 주의를 기울였음을 상기시킨다. 질문으로 그가 잠들거나 무관심하지 않았음을 증명한다. 게으름으로 모든 빛을 꺼뜨리는 많은 이들과 달리. 하나님이 우리 앞에 제시하시는 것에 부주의하게 무심코 참여할 때마다, 우리는 우리의 경멸에 대한 정당한 형벌을 받는다. 그러므로 선지자의 예를 통해 더 큰 주의와 부지런함을 배우자.
그는 어디로 가느냐고 물었다. 답은 측량하러 간다는 것이었다. 그리고 나서 예루살렘의 척도가 어떠할 것인지를 보여 준다. 즉, 이후에 성벽 너머로 확장되어 그 범위가 엄청난 수의 백성을 담지 못할 것이라는 것이다. "하나님이 거룩한 성읍을 멀리 넓힐 것이니, 이후에 자신의 성벽에 전처럼 한정되지 않고, 모든 촌읍들에 거하게 될 것이다." 따라서 하나님이 여기서 훨씬 후에, 즉 그리스도의 오심 후에 따라올 자신의 교회의 전파에 관해 증언하려 했음은 의심할 여지가 없다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-zec-2-2-2(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
3절 카드 ↗
It is said, that the angel went forth , and that another angel met him. It hence appears as from the whole of what the Prophet says, how carefully God provides for the safety of his Church; for he has ever angels as his emissaries, who hasten at his nod, and aid the Church in its necessities. Since then angels thus unite to secure the well-being of the Church, we hence perceive how dear to God are the faithful, in whose favor he thus employs all his angels; and we also see, that it was the Lord’s will that this prophecy should be clear and manifest to all the godly: go, and run to that young man , he says, and tell him. Zechariah had indeed asked for an explanation of the measure in the man’s hand, but from the fact that another angel met him, it appears, as I have already said, that God does not neglect the request and prayers of his people, provided only that they are desirous of learning; he will then perform the part of a true and faithful teacher towards them. But the word “run,” ought especially to be noticed: “go,” he says, “and even hasten, lest the youth should longer doubt, and explain the purpose of this prophecy.” He calls the Prophet a youth, because he was then among angels. He would not call him a man of full age, because he had before called an angel man. What rank could the Prophet hold among angels except that of a youth? This circumstance ought therefore to be observed as the reason why Zechariah spoke disparagingly or humbly of himself. Now as to the import of the prophecy, we have already said, that here is described the heavenly Jerusalem, which is surrounded by no walls, but is open to the whole world, and which depends not on its own strength, but dwells safely though exposed on all sides to enemies; for the Prophet says not without reason, “through the villages shall Jerusalem be inhabited;” that is, it shall everywhere be inhabited, so that it will have no need of defense to restrain or hinder enemies to come near; for a safe rest shall be given to it, when every one shall quietly occupy his own place. It follows — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-zec-2-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
천사가 나갔다고 말해지고, 또 다른 천사가 그를 만났다. 이것으로 선지자가 말하는 전체에서, 하나님이 자신의 교회의 안전을 얼마나 주의 깊게 돌보시는지가 나타난다. 그분은 항상 자신의 고개짓으로 서두르며 필요할 때 교회를 돕는 사자들로서 천사들을 두고 계시기 때문이다. 그러므로 천사들이 이처럼 교회의 안녕을 위해 연합하므로, 하나님이 신실한 자들을 얼마나 소중히 여기시는지, 그분이 그들을 위해 모든 천사들을 사용하시는지를 알 수 있다. 또한 이 예언이 모든 경건한 자들에게 분명하고 명백하게 알려지기를 주님이 원하셨음도 알 수 있다. "가서 저 청년에게 달려가서 말하라"고 한다. 스가랴는 실제로 사람의 손에 있는 줄의 설명을 구했지만, 또 다른 천사가 그를 만났다는 사실로부터, 내가 이미 말한 것처럼, 하나님이 배우고자 하는 열망이 있는 한 자신의 백성의 요청과 기도를 무시하지 않으신다는 것이 나타난다. 그분은 그들을 위해 참되고 신실한 교사의 역할을 하실 것이다.
"달려가라"는 말을 특히 주목해야 한다. "가라"고, 심지어 서둘러, 청년이 더 이상 의심하지 않도록, 이 예언의 목적을 설명하라고 한다. 선지자를 청년이라 부르는 것은 그가 천사들 사이에 있었기 때문이다. 그는 이전에 천사를 사람이라 불렀으므로, 장성한 사람이라 부를 수 없었다. 천사들 사이에서 선지자가 차지할 수 있는 지위가 청년 외에 무엇이겠는가? 따라서 이 상황은 스가랴가 스스로에 대해 낮춰 말하거나 겸손하게 말한 이유를 주목해야 한다.
이제 예언의 내용에 대해서는, 여기서 하늘의 예루살렘이 묘사된다고 이미 말했다. 이는 어떤 성벽으로도 둘러싸이지 않고 온 세상에 열려 있으며, 자체의 힘에 의존하지 않고, 모든 면에서 원수들에게 노출되어 있으면서도 안전하게 거한다. 선지자가 이유 없이 "촌읍들에 예루살렘이 거하리라"고 말하지 않는다. 즉, 어디서나 거하게 되어, 원수들이 가까이 오는 것을 막을 방어가 필요하지 않을 것이라는 것이다. 하나님이 각 사람이 조용히 자신의 자리를 차지할 때 안전한 안식을 주실 것이기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-zec-2-3-3(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
5절 카드 ↗
He confirms in this verse what I have just mentioned — that Jerusalem would be safe, though without any fortifications; for God alone would be sufficient for walls, for towers, for fortresses, according to what is said by other Prophets: “God will be to thee a wall and a fortress”, ( Isaiah 26:1 ), again, “he will be to thee a stronghold”. It is, therefore, a sentence in accordance with other prophecies when Jehovah testifies, that he would be a wall of fire . We indeed know, that though walls may be high and thick, they may be scaled by enemies; but who will dare to throw himself into the fire? It is then the same as though God had spoken thus — “Though there will be no watchmen to defend Jerusalem, no soldiers to protect it, in short, no guardians whatever, yet I alone shall be sufficient; for I shall not only be a wall to keep off enemies, but I shall be also a fire to fill them with terror.” He then adds, I will be for glory in the midst of her : as though he had said, “the real happiness of Jerusalem, within and without, will be in me alone and in my favor: within, in the midst of her I will be for glory; I will adorn her with every thing praiseworthy; and when there shall be any fear from the assault of enemies, I will be to her a wall of fire. For though she will not excel in strongholds and towers, and be without walls and fortresses, and shall be thus exposed to many evils, I shall yet strike all enemies with terror, so that they shall be kept afar off; and my Church shall be thus preserved safe, though destitute of all human aids, and without any defense.” We now then perceive the meaning of the Prophet to be this — that though the Jews saw that they were but few in number, weak in strength, wretched and despised, they had yet reason to entertain hope; for though few returned from exile God was yet able to increase the Church and to make it a vast multitude, and that this was certain and decreed, for it was shown by the vision, that however unequal they were to their enemies, God was still sufficiently strong and powerful to defend them; and that however destitute they were of all blessings, God was still rich enough to enrich them, provided they relied on the blessing which he had promised; for he had engaged to render them happy and blessed within, and safe from enemies from without. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-zec-2-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그는 이 절에서 내가 방금 언급한 것을 확증한다. 즉, 예루살렘이 어떤 요새도 없이 안전할 것이라는 것이다. 하나님 혼자서 성벽, 망대, 요새가 충분하실 것이기 때문이다. 다른 선지자들이 말한 것처럼 "하나님이 네게 성벽과 요새가 되시리라"고 한 것처럼. 따라서 여호와가 자신이 불의 성벽이 될 것이라고 증언하는 것은 다른 예언들과 일치하는 말씀이다. 우리는 성벽이 아무리 높고 두꺼워도 원수들이 기어오를 수 있다는 것을 안다. 그러나 누가 감히 불 속으로 몸을 던지겠는가? 그러므로 하나님이 이렇게 말씀하신 것과 같다. "비록 예루살렘을 지킬 파수꾼도, 보호할 군사도, 한마디로 어떤 수호자도 없을지라도, 나 혼자 충분하다. 나는 원수들을 막는 성벽만 되는 것이 아니라, 그들을 두려움으로 채우는 불도 될 것이다."
그런 다음 덧붙인다. "내가 그 가운데에서 영광이 되리라." 마치 이렇게 말하는 것처럼. "예루살렘의 진정한 행복은 안팎으로 오직 나와 나의 호의에 있을 것이다. 그 가운데에서 나는 영광이 될 것이며, 그녀를 모든 칭찬할 만한 것으로 단장할 것이다. 원수들의 공격에 대한 어떤 두려움이 있을 때, 나는 그녀에게 불의 성벽이 될 것이다. 비록 그녀가 요새와 망대에서 뛰어나지 않고, 성벽과 방어 시설도 없이, 이처럼 많은 악에 노출되어 있을지라도, 나는 모든 원수들을 두려움으로 쳐서 그들이 멀리 떨어져 있게 할 것이다. 그리하여 나의 교회는 모든 인간적 도움이 없고 어떤 방어도 없이 안전하게 보존될 것이다."
이제 우리는 선지자의 의미를 알 수 있다. 즉, 비록 유대인들이 자신들이 수가 적고, 힘이 약하며, 비참하고 멸시받음을 볼지라도, 소망을 품을 이유가 있다는 것이다. 비록 포로에서 돌아온 이가 적을지라도, 하나님은 교회를 크게 번성케 하실 수 있으며, 이것이 확실하고 정해졌다. 환상은 아무리 원수들에게 열세일지라도 하나님이 그들을 지키기에 충분히 강하고 강력하심을, 그리고 아무리 모든 복에서 궁핍할지라도 하나님은 그들이 자신이 약속하신 복에 의지한다면 그들을 부요하게 하기에 충분히 부유하심을 보여 주기 때문이다.
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That the design of the Prophet may be more clear, we must especially bear in mind the history of the case. When it was allowed the Jews, by the edict of Cyrus and of Darius, to return to their own land, that kindness was suspected by many, as though the two kings had a wish suddenly to oppress them when they had pained their object in their return. Some who dwelt comfortably among the Chaldeans and in other places, preferred to enjoy their rest rather than to return with so much trouble to their own country, where there were no houses prepared, and where there were only dreary desolations. As then the greater part of the people thus slighted the singular favor of God, of which the Prophets had so often spoken, it was necessary that this sloth, connected as it was with great impiety, should be reproved. For if any religion had touched their hearts, they must have preferred Jerusalem to the whole world, and the service of God to all earthly advantages and pleasures. Hence the self-indulgence in which the Jews had become torpid, deserved a sharp and severe reproof. This is the reason why the Prophet treats them here with so much sharpness, for otherwise they could not have been roused. Ho! Ho! he says, as though he had said, “What means this delay? for when God has opened the door for you, ye still take your rest, as though Judea were not your inheritance, as though there were no difference between you and the profane heathens.” We now understand the object of the Prophet. The particle הוי , eui , is used for stimulating them; and by it the Prophet reprehends their indifference, which was a proof, as I have said, of ingratitude; for the Jews in this way showed their contempt of that favor, which ought to have been preferred far before all the wealth and the pleasures of the world. But the reason which is added seems far-fetched, or even unsuitable — For to the four winds of heaven have I scattered you ; for this could not have served to rouse the Jews to leave Babylon, and to return to the holy land promised to them by God. Yet it was very efficacious towards producing an impression on their minds; for the Lord shows, in these words, that it was in his power to restore them in safety, inasmuch as they had not been scattered here and there, except through his just vengeance. Had their enemies prevailed against them, or had they without reason been expelled from their country, a doubt might have crept in whether the promise could be relied on; but when it appeared evident that their exile was a punishment inflicted by God, they might safely conclude that he would become the author of their restoration; for he who had inflicted the wound was able to heal it. We now then see what the Prophet had in view: he intimates that the Jews had hitherto suffered punishment from God, because they obeyed not his word, but provoked by their obstinacy his extreme vengeance; they ought then now to entertain hope, because God was pacified towards them and ready to forgive them. As then their exile was from God, the Prophet intimates that their return would not be difficult when God became reconciled to them, because the Jews had to do only with the heavenly Judge himself. In short, the Prophet designs to show that the Jews acted foolishly by continuing in exile, when liberty was given them to return; and therefore he exhorts them to hasten in time, lest the season of God’s favor should pass away, and thus the door be again closed against them. That they might not hesitate whether this was possible, he shows that it was in God’s power, for he had driven them from their country; it would not therefore be difficult for him to open a way for their return whenever he pleased. (30) He now adds — (30) Provided we adopt [ ב ], countenanced by several MSS., and the Syriac, instead of [ כ ] in the received text, that is before the number “four,” this explanation is the most satisfactory. But if we take the received text, countenanced by a greater number of MSS., there will be another meaning to the sentence. Henderson’s version is — For as the four winds of heaven Have I spread you abroad, saith Jehovah. But its connection with the foregoing he does not clearly print. The view taken by Drusius , followed by Grotius and Marckius , seems most satisfactory. They take the verb [ פרש ] in the sense of expanding, enlarging, setting at liberty, and that the reference is to the previous liberty granted to the Jews; and thus the connection with the foregoing line is obvious and natural — He! He! Flee now from the land of the north, saith Jehovah; For as the four winds of heaven Have I expounded you, (or set you free,) saith Jehovah. They had been allowed liberty to go to any part of the world, which is signified by the four winds. The next verse is — He! Sion, escape, Thou who dwellest with the daughter of Babylon. The two nations are compared to two women, dwelling one with another. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"
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선지자의 목적이 더 분명해지려면, 사건의 역사를 특히 염두에 두어야 한다. 고레스와 다리우스의 칙령으로 유대인들이 자신들의 땅으로 돌아오는 것이 허락되었을 때, 그 친절은 많은 이들에게 의심을 받았다. 마치 두 왕이 유대인들이 귀환의 목적을 달성하면 갑자기 그들을 압박하려는 욕망이 있는 것처럼. 갈대아와 다른 곳에서 편안하게 지내던 일부는, 집도 준비되지 않고 황량한 폐허만 있는 자기 나라로 그토록 큰 수고를 들여 돌아가느니 차라리 안식을 즐기기를 원했다. 그러므로 대부분의 백성이 이처럼 선지자들이 그토록 자주 말한 하나님의 특별한 은혜를 경시했으므로, 큰 불경건과 연결된 이 게으름을 책망하는 것이 필요했다. 만약 어떤 신앙이 그들의 마음을 건드렸다면, 그들은 예루살렘을 온 세상보다, 하나님을 섬기는 것을 모든 세상적 이점과 쾌락보다 우선시했어야 했기 때문이다. 그러므로 유대인들이 빠져 있던 자기 탐닉은 날카롭고 엄한 책망을 받아 마땅했다.
이것이 선지자가 여기서 그들을 그토록 날카롭게 다루는 이유다. 그렇지 않으면 그들이 깨어날 수 없었을 것이다. "호! 호!"라고 한다. 마치 "이 지연이 무슨 의미인가? 하나님이 너희를 위해 문을 여셨는데, 너희는 유다가 너희 기업이 아닌 것처럼, 너희와 세속적 이방인들 사이에 아무런 차이가 없는 것처럼 아직도 쉬고 있느냐?"라고 말하는 것처럼. 이제 우리는 선지자의 목적을 이해한다.
"하도다" 어조는 그들을 자극하기 위해 사용된다. 이것으로 선지자는 그들의 무관심을 책망한다. 내가 말했듯이, 이는 배은망덕의 증거였다. 유대인들이 이렇게 세상의 모든 부와 쾌락보다 훨씬 더 소중히 여겨야 했던 그 은혜를 경멸했기 때문이다.
그러나 더해진 이유는 억지스럽거나 심지어 부적절하게 보인다. "내가 너희를 하늘의 사방에 흩었느니라." 이것이 유대인들을 바벨론을 떠나 하나님이 그들에게 약속하신 성지로 돌아가도록 자극하는 데 도움이 될 수 없었을 것이기 때문이다. 그러나 그것은 그들의 마음에 인상을 남기는 데 매우 효과적이었다. 주님이 이 말씀에서 그들이 단지 그분의 공의로운 복수를 통해 여기저기 흩어진 것이므로, 그들을 안전하게 회복하는 것이 자신의 능력 안에 있음을 보여 주시기 때문이다. 만약 원수들이 그들을 이겼거나, 이유 없이 그들이 나라에서 쫓겨났다면, 약속을 신뢰할 수 있는지에 대한 의심이 생겼을 것이다. 그러나 그들의 유배가 하나님이 내리신 형벌임이 분명해졌을 때, 그분이 그들의 회복의 저자가 되실 것이라고 안전하게 결론 내릴 수 있었다. 상처를 입힌 분이 그것을 고칠 수 있기 때문이다.
원주석
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commentary-section/cal-zec-2-6-6(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
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The Prophet repeats the same thing, though briefly, and in other words: but while he briefly touches on what he meant to say, he confirms and renders more plain the contents of the former verse. He shows that it was a very great disgrace that Babylon should become as it were the grave of Sion; for God had chosen that mount as the place where he was to be worshipped. Babylon, we know, was a filthy cavern, accursed by God. It was therefore to subvert, as it were, the order of nature, for the Jews to bury, so to speak, the holy mount of God in that infernal region. This mode of speaking appears on the first view somewhat harsh, but it is yet most suitable; for by Sion the Prophet means the Jews, who were still dispersed in Chaldea. The temple had not indeed been moved from its place, but only burnt and destroyed by the Chaldeans, and there was no other temple built among the Babylonians. What then does the Prophet mean by saying, O Sion, who dwellest with the daughter of Babylon , return to thine own place? He even reminds the Jews that they were bound, as it were, to the temple; for it was a sacred and an indissoluble bond of mutual union between God and them. ( 1 Kings 6:13 .) For when God proposed that a temple should be built for him on mount Sion, he at the same time added, “I will dwell among you; this is my rest.” ( Psalms 132:14 .) Since the Jews, then, became united to their God, the temple ass introduced as a pledge of this sacred union. Thus justly and fitly does the Prophet give the name of Sion to the Jews; for they were, as it has been said, tied as it were to the temple, except they meant to deny God. Hence he says, “Is it right that you should dwell among the Chaldeans? for ye are as it were the stones of God’s temple. There is therefore for you no fixed and permanent abode except on mount Sion, as you are in a sense that very mount itself.” Therefore he says, “Sion, hasten and return to thine own place; for it is strange and preposterous that thou shouldest dwell with the daughter of Babylon.” In short, the Prophet shows that God’s favor ought not to have been rejected, when he stretched forth his hand, and gave them a free liberty to return. As then God thus appeared as the deliverer of his people, the Jews ought not to have remained exiles, but immediately to ascend to Jerusalem, that they might again worship God. And why did the Prophet mention this? that the Jews might know that they had nothing to fear, though surrounded with dangers; that though Satan suggested many perils, many difficulties, many troubles, yet the grace of God would not be defective, or evanescent, or fallacious, but that he would complete his work, and not disappoint those to whom he had once testified, that there would be to them again a quiet habitation in the land of Judah. It now follows — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-8" class="com-number"
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선지자는 같은 것을 간략하게, 다른 말로 반복한다. 그러나 짧게 언급하면서 전 절의 내용을 확증하고 더 분명하게 만든다. 그는 바벨론이 시온의 무덤이 되는 것이 매우 큰 수치임을 보여 준다. 하나님이 그 산을 자신이 예배받을 곳으로 택하셨기 때문이다. 우리는 바벨론이 더럽고 하나님께 저주받은 굴이었음을 안다. 그러므로 유대인들이 하나님의 거룩한 산을 그 지옥 같은 지역에 묻는 것은 말하자면 자연의 질서를 전복하는 것이었다.
이 말하는 방식이 처음 보기에 다소 가혹하게 보이지만, 가장 적절하다. 선지자가 시온으로 아직도 갈대아에 흩어져 있는 유대인들을 의미하기 때문이다. 성전은 실제로 자리를 옮기지 않았으며, 다만 갈대아인들이 불태우고 파괴했을 뿐이다. 또한 바벨론 사람들 사이에 다른 성전이 세워지지도 않았다. 그렇다면 선지자가 "바벨론 딸과 함께 거하는 시온아, 네 처소로 돌아오라"고 말함으로써 무슨 의미를 나타내는가? 그는 유대인들이 성전에 묶여 있음을 상기시킨다. 그것이 하나님과 그들 사이에 거룩하고 끊을 수 없는 상호 결합의 유대였기 때문이다. 하나님이 시온 산에 성전을 짓도록 제안하셨을 때, 동시에 덧붙이셨다. "내가 너희 가운데 거하리라. 이것이 나의 안식처다."
그러므로 유대인들이 그들의 하나님과 연합하게 되었을 때, 성전이 이 거룩한 연합의 보증으로 도입되었다. 따라서 선지자가 유대인들에게 시온이라는 이름을 주는 것은 정당하고 적절하다. 그들은 말하자면 성전에 묶여 있었다. 하나님을 부인할 의도가 없었다면. 그러므로 그는 "갈대아인들 가운데서 거하는 것이 옳으냐? 너희는 말하자면 하나님의 성전의 돌들이다. 그러므로 너희의 정착할 영구적인 거처는 시온 산뿐이니, 너희가 어떤 의미에서 그 산 자체이기 때문이다"라고 한다. 그러므로 "시온아, 서둘러 네 처소로 돌아오라. 네가 바벨론 딸과 함께 거하는 것은 이상하고 어그러진 일이다"라고 한다.
한마디로, 선지자는 하나님이 손을 뻗어 그들에게 돌아올 자유를 주셨을 때 그분의 호의가 거부되어서는 안 됨을 보여 준다.
원주석
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commentary-section/cal-zec-2-7-7(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
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The Prophet pursues the same subject; for he shows that the way was not opened to the Jews that they might soon after repent of their return, but that the Lord might be with them, as their deliverance was a signal proof of his kindness, and an evidence that he would commence what he had begun. He then says, that by God’s order the Gentiles would be restrained from effecting any thing in opposition to the Jews; as though he had said, “Your liberty has been granted by Cyrus and by Darius; many rise up to hinder your return, but whatever they may attempt they shall effect nothing; for God shall check all their efforts, and frustrate all their attempts.” But God’s herald does here publicly testify, that he was commissioned to prevent the nations from doing any injury, and to declare that the people brought back to Judea were holy to the Lord, and that it was not permitted that they should be injured by any. This is the import of the whole. But a difficulty occurs here, for the context seems not consistent: Thus saith Jehovah , Jehovah sent me ; for it is not the Prophet who receives here the office of a herald; but it seems to be ascribed to God, which appears inconsistent; for whose herald can God be? and by whose order or command could he promulgate what the Prophet here relates? It seems not then suitable to ascribe this to God, though the words seem to do so — Thus saith Jehovah, After the glory he sent me to the nations : Who is the sender? or who is he who orders or commands God? We hence conclude that Christ is here introduced, who is Jehovah, and yet the Angel or the messenger of the Father. Though then the being of God is one, expressed by the word Jehovah, it is not improper to apply it both to the Father and to the Son. Hence God is one eternal being; but God in the person of the Father commands the Son, who also is Jehovah, to restrain the nations from injuring the Jews by any unjust violence. The rabbis give this explanation — that the Prophet says that he himself was God’s herald, and thus recites his words; but this is forced and unnatural. I indeed wish not on this point to contend with them; for being inclined to be contentious, they are disposed to think that we insist on proofs which are not conclusive. But there are other passages of Scripture which more clearly prove the divinity and the eternal existence of Christ, and also the distinction of persons. If however any one closely examines the words of the Prophet, he will find that this passage must be forcibly wrested, except it be understood of Christ. We then consider that Christ is here set forth as the Father’s herald; and he says that he was sent to the nations. What he adds — After the glory , is understood by some to mean, that after the glory had ceased, in which the Jews had hitherto boasted, the message of Christ would then be directed to the Gentiles. The meaning, then, according to them is this — that shortly after the glory of the chosen people should depart, Christ, by the Father’s command, would pass over to the nations to gather a Church among them. But this passage may be also applied to the nations, who had cruelly distressed the Church of God; as though he had said — “Though your enemies have had for a time their triumphs, yet their glory being brought to an end, God will send his messenger, so that they who have spoiled you may become your prey.” It still seems probable to me that the Prophet speaks of the glory which he had shortly before mentioned. We may then view him as saying, that as God had begun to exercise his power, and had in a wonderful manner restored his people, there would be no intermission until he had fully established his Church, so as to make the priesthood and the kingdom to flourish again. Then after the glory , imports as much as this — “Ye see the beginning of God’s favor, by which his power shines forth.” For doubtless it was no common instance of the Lord’s glory, which he had manifested in restoring his people; and thus the Prophet encourages their confidence, inasmuch as God had already in part dealt in a glorious manner with them. He then takes an argument from what had been commenced, that the Jews might hope to the end, and fully expect the completion of their deliverance. “The Lord,” as it is said elsewhere, “will not forsake the work of his own hands.” ( Psalms 138:8 .) So the Prophet says now, After the glory , that is, “since God has once shone upon you in no common manner, ought you not to entertain hope; for he intended not to disappoint you of a full return to your country, but to fulfill what he had promised by his Prophets?” As God had spoken of the restoration of his Church, and also of its perpetual condition, the Prophet here indirectly reproves the ingratitude of those who were not convinced that God would be faithful to the end, by seeing performed the commencement of his work. For as God had included both the return of his people and their continued preservation, so also his people ought to have included both favors: “The Lord, who has already begun to restore his people, will defend to the end those whom he has gathered, until their full and perfect redemption will be secured.” As then the Jews did not look for the end, though God led them as it were by the hand to the land of hope, the Prophet says to them, After the glory We may farther observe, that the glory mentioned here was not as yet fully conspicuous; it had begun, so to speak, to glimmer, but it did not shine forth in full splendor until Christ came. It is then the same as though the Prophet had said, “God has already emitted some sparks of his glory, it will increase until it attains a perfect brightness. The Lord in the meantime will cause, not only that the nations may restrain themselves from doing and wrong, but also that they may become a prey to you”. (31) The reason for the order follows, Whosoever touches you, touches the apple of his own eye , or, of his eye; for the pronoun may be app
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
선지자는 같은 주제를 계속한다. 그는 길이 유대인들에게 열린 것이 그들이 곧 귀환을 후회하게 하기 위함이 아니라, 주님이 그들과 함께 하시기 위함임을 보여 준다. 그들의 구원이 그분의 친절의 두드러진 증거이며, 그분이 시작한 것을 계속하실 것의 증거이기 때문이다. 그런 다음 그는 하나님의 명령으로 이방인들이 유대인들에 반대하는 어떤 것도 이루지 못하도록 제지될 것이라고 말한다. 마치 "너희의 자유가 고레스와 다리우스에 의해 허락되었다. 많은 이들이 너희의 귀환을 방해하기 위해 일어나지만, 그들이 무엇을 시도하든 아무것도 이루지 못할 것이다. 하나님이 그들의 모든 노력을 막고 그들의 모든 시도를 좌절시키실 것이기 때문이다"라고 말하는 것처럼.
그러나 하나님의 전령은 여기서 민족들이 어떤 해도 끼치지 못하도록 막는 임무를 부여받았음을, 그리고 유다로 데려온 백성이 주께 거룩하며 그 누구에 의해서도 해를 입어서는 안 된다고 선포할 임무를 받았음을 공개적으로 증언한다.
그러나 여기서 어려움이 생긴다. 문맥이 일관성이 없어 보이기 때문이다. "여호와가 이같이 말씀하시기를, 여호와께서 나를 보내셨다"고 하니, 여기서 전령의 직분을 받는 것은 선지자가 아니다. 오히려 그것이 하나님께 귀속되는 것처럼 보이는데, 이는 일관성이 없다. 하나님의 전령이 누구일 수 있는가? 선지자가 여기서 언급하는 것을 명포하도록 명할 수 있는 자가 누구이며, 어느 명령이나 지시에 따라? 따라서 비록 말씀이 그렇게 하는 것처럼 보일지라도, 이것을 하나님께 귀속시키는 것이 적절하지 않다. "여호와가 이같이 말씀하시기를, 영광 후에 그가 나를 민족들에게 보내셨다." 보내신 자가 누구인가? 혹은 하나님께 명하거나 지시할 수 있는 자가 누구인가?
그러므로 우리는 여기서 그리스도가 소개된다고 결론 내린다. 그분은 여호와이시면서도 아버지의 사자 혹은 메신저이시기 때문이다. 그러므로 하나님의 본질이 하나이지만, 여호와라는 말로 표현되고, 그것을 아버지와 아들 모두에게 적용하는 것이 부적절하지 않다. 그러므로 하나님은 하나의 영원한 본질이시다. 그러나 아버지이신 하나님은, 역시 여호와이신 아들에게, 어떤 부당한 폭력으로도 유대인들을 해치지 못하도록 민족들을 제지하라고 명하신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-zec-2-8-8(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
9절 카드 ↗
Christ continues to relate the commands of the Father: for he speaks in his person, when he says, Behold, I shake my hand over them , that is, enemies; and they shall be a prey to their own servants . He means, that however numerous and strong the enemies would be who would seek to injure the Jews, they would yet be safe; for they would be protected by the hand of God, and not only so, but that whatever their enemies would attempt to do would be in vain, for the Lord would degrade them, and render them a prey to the Jews themselves: for by servants (32) he doubtless means the Jews, who, for a time, had been oppressed by the tyranny of their enemies. It is certain that this prophecy was not fulfilled at the time when the Jews thought that they were in a flourishing state, and enjoying prosperity; for their condition was even then very wretched and degrading. For whence had they their kings? Certainly not from the tribe of Judah; and we all know how tyrannically they were governed, and also that the kingdom was filled with many abominable sins and cruelties. They were become parricides almost all; and whosoever will read their history will find, that brethren were oppressed by brethren, and that even parents were cruelly and wickedly treated. In short, not to say of other things, nothing could have been more abominable than the family of Herod. We cannot then apply this prophecy to that time which intervened between the return from the Babylonian exile, and the coming of Christ. It is then only under the kingdom of Christ that God accomplished what is here said, — that enemies became a prey to his spiritual people, that is, when they were subdued and brought under the yoke of Christ, for as we have said elsewhere, the government of the Church is vested in its Head. Hence where Christ shines, there the Church, which is his body, is said to reign; for Christ’s will is, that he should have nothing apart from his members. We now see the intention of the Prophet: he wished to dispel the fear of the Jews, that they might not hesitate to return to their country; for not only a way was opened for them, but confirmed also and certain was their happiness under God’s protection; as he had not in vain begun a glorious work, but fully purposed to carry it on to the end. He says, Behold, I shake my hand . The shaking of the hand shows that God has no need of many forces to put to flight his enemies, nor of a large expedition; for as soon as he raises up his hand, he lays them all prostrate. In short, the Prophet reminds us, that God has hands which extend far, for he can by mere shaking conquer all enemies, however distant they may be. And then we see that the facility with which God executes his purpose was mentioned, in order that the Jews might feel assured, that as soon as it would please God to put forth his strength, he would have no difficulty; for by the single motion of his finger he could destroy all the enemies who might rise up against them. He afterwards adds, And ye shall know that Jehovah of hosts has sent me . To consider this as an address to the faithful, may not seem suitable; for faith is connected with knowledge, as we are taught by John, “We know that we are the children of God,” ( 1 John 3:2 ;) for the certainty which rests on God’s word exceeds all knowledge. Why then does the Prophet say, And we shall know that Jehovah has sent me? for the faithful ought to have been previously certain respecting the mission of Christ; otherwise an approach to God was closed up; for an access, we know, to his favor is opened by faith. The Jews must have then been assured from the beginning respecting the mission of Christ. But it is to be observed, that there are two kinds of knowledge, — the knowledge of faith, and what they call experimental knowledge. The knowledge of faith is that by which the godly feel assured that God is true — that what he has promised is indubitable; and this knowledge at the same time penetrates beyond the world, and goes far above the heavens, that it may know hidden things; for our salvation is concealed; things seen, says the Apostle, are not hoped for. ( Romans 8:24 .) It is then no wonder that the Prophet says, that the faithful shall then know that Christ has been sent by the Father, that is, by actual experience, or in reality: Ye shall then know that Jehovah has sent me . He afterwards adds — (32) [ עבדיהם ], “their slaves,” Henderson . The Jews had been held in a state of slavery by the nations. Newcome considers that the nations who oppressed the Jews are meant, that they were to be reduced by other nations to the condition of slaves, as the Babylonians were to the Meds and Persians, and he refers to Haggai 2:23 . But as the Jews are especially addressed in the next line, it is obvious to consider them as here intended. And Grotius refer the literal fulfillment of what is here said to the time of the Maccabees. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그리스도는 아버지의 명령을 계속 언급한다. 그분이 그분의 이름으로 말씀하실 때, "보라, 내가 그들을 향하여 손을 흔들면 그들이 자기 종들에게 탈취를 당하리라"고 하신다. 그분은 유대인들을 해하려는 원수들이 아무리 많고 강할지라도, 그들이 안전할 것임을 말씀하신다. 하나님의 손으로 보호받을 것이기 때문이다. 뿐만 아니라 원수들이 시도하는 것은 무엇이든 헛될 것이니, 주님이 그들을 낮추어 유대인들 자신에게 탈취당하게 하실 것이다. "종들"로 그는 의심할 여지 없이 유대인들을 의미하는데, 그들이 한때 원수들의 폭정에 짓눌려 있었기 때문이다.
이 예언이 유대인들이 번성하고 형통을 누리고 있다고 생각했던 그 시대에 성취되지 않았음은 확실하다. 그때에도 그들의 상태는 매우 비참하고 굴욕적이었기 때문이다. 그들의 왕들이 어디서 왔는가? 확실히 유다 지파에서 오지 않았다. 그들이 얼마나 폭압적으로 통치를 받았는지, 또 왕국이 많은 혐오스러운 죄악과 잔인함으로 가득 찼는지는 모두가 안다. 그들은 거의 모두 부모 살해자가 되었다. 그 역사를 읽는 자는 형제들이 형제들에게 억압받고, 심지어 부모들도 잔인하고 악하게 취급받았음을 알게 될 것이다. 한마디로, 다른 것을 말하지 않더라도, 헤롯 가문보다 더 혐오스러울 수 없었다.
따라서 우리는 이 예언을 바벨론 유배에서의 귀환과 그리스도의 오심 사이의 시대에 적용할 수 없다. 오직 그리스도의 왕국 아래에서만 하나님이 여기서 말씀하신 것을 이루셨다. 즉, 원수들이 그분의 영적 백성의 탈취물이 되었다. 그들이 정복되어 그리스도의 멍에 아래로 들어왔을 때 그러했다. 우리가 다른 곳에서 말했듯이, 교회의 통치는 그 머리에게 있다. 그러므로 그리스도가 빛나시는 곳에서 그분의 몸인 교회가 통치한다고 말해진다. 그리스도의 뜻은 자신의 지체들과 떨어져 아무것도 없게 하는 것이기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-zec-2-9-9(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
10절 카드 ↗
He continues the same subject. The meaning is, that God begins nothing which he does not determine to bring to its end. Since then he had already begun to gather his people, that they might dwell in the Holy Land, it was a work in progress, at length to be completed; for the Lord’s will was not to be a half Redeemer. This is the purport of what the Prophet says. But he now exhorts Sion to rejoice , as though the happiness which he predicts was already enjoyed. This mode of speaking, as we have seen elsewhere, is common among the Prophets. When they intended to animate God’s servants to a greater confidence, they brought them as it were into the midst of what was promised, and dictated a song of thanksgiving. We are not wont to congratulate ourselves before the time. When, therefore, the Prophets bade the Church to sing to God and to give thanks, they thus confirmed the promises made to them; as though the Prophet had said, that as yet indeed the brightness and glory of God was in a great measure laid, but that the faithful were beyond the reach of danger, and that therefore they could boldly join in a song of thanks to God, as though they were already enjoying full redemption; for the Lord will perfect what he begins. Rejoice then and exult, thou daughter of Sion , — Why? For I come . God had already come; but here he expresses the progress of his favor, by declaring that he would come; as though he had said, “I have already given you obscure tokens of my presence; but you shall find another coming which will be much more effectual to confirm your faith.” Though then God had already appeared to the Jews, yet he says that he would come, that is, when Christ would come forth, in whom dwells the fullness of the Godhead bodily, and in whom God’s perfect glory and majesty shines forth. And hence also does it more evidently appear what I have already said, that this address cannot be applied without perversion to the Prophet, nor be suitably applied to the person of the Father. It then follows that Christ speaks here: but he does not speak as a man or an angel; he speaks as God the Redeemer. We hence see that the name Jehovah is appropriated to Christ, and that there is no difference between the Father and the Son as to essence, but that they are only to be distinguished as to their persons. Whenever then Christ announces his own divinity, he takes the name Jehovah; but he also shows, that there is something peculiar and distinct belonging to him as the messenger of the Father. For this reason, and in this respect, he is inferior to the Father; that is, because he is sent as a messenger, and executes what has been entrusted to him. These things do not militate the one against the other, as many unlearned and turbulent men think, who entangle themselves in many vain imaginations, or rather in mere ravings, and say, “How can it be, that there is one eternal God, and yet that Christ, who is distinct from the Father, and is called his angel, is a true God?” So they imagine that the origin of divinity is God the Father, as though the one true God had begotten, and thus produced another God from himself, as by propagation. But these are diabolical figments, by which the unity of the Divine essence is destroyed. Let us then bear in mind what the Prophet teaches here clearly and plainly, — that Christ is Jehovah, the only true God, and yet that he is sent by God as a Mediator. Behold I come, he says, and I will dwell in the midst of thee . God dwelt then among the Jews, for the building of the temple had been begun, and sacrifices had been already offered; but this dwelling was typical only. It hence follows, that some new kind of presence is here pointed out, when God was to reveal himself to his people, not under ceremonial figures and symbols, but by dwelling, at the fullness of time, substantially among them; for Christ is the temple of the Godhead, and so perfectly unites us to God the Father, that we are one with him. And it ought further to be carefully borne in mind, that the Prophet does here also make a distinction between the ancient types of the law and the reality, which was at length exhibited in Christ; for there is no need now of shadows, when we enjoy the reality, and possess the completion of all those things which God only shadowed forth under the law. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
그는 같은 주제를 계속한다. 하나님이 시작하는 것은 무엇이든 끝까지 이루기로 결심하신다는 것이 그 의미다. 이미 자신의 백성을 모아 성지에 거하게 하기 시작하셨으므로, 이것은 진행 중인 일이며 마침내 완성될 것이다. 주님의 뜻은 반쪽 구속자가 되는 것이 아니었기 때문이다.
그러나 이제 그는 그가 예언한 행복이 이미 누리고 있는 것처럼 시온에게 기뻐하라고 권면한다. 우리가 다른 곳에서 본 것처럼 이 말하는 방식은 선지자들 사이에 일반적이다. 그들이 하나님의 종들을 더 큰 확신으로 격려하려 할 때, 그들을 약속된 것의 한가운데로 데려와서 감사의 노래를 불러 주었다. 우리는 때가 되기 전에 스스로를 축하하지 않는다. 그러므로 선지자들이 교회에게 하나님께 노래하고 감사드리라고 명했을 때, 그들은 이렇게 그들에게 주어진 약속들을 확증했다. 마치 선지자가, 실로 아직은 하나님의 밝음과 영광이 크게 숨겨져 있지만, 신실한 자들은 위험에서 벗어나 있으므로, 마치 이미 완전한 구원을 누리고 있는 것처럼 담대히 하나님께 감사의 노래를 드릴 수 있다고 말하는 것처럼. 주님이 시작하신 것을 완성하실 것이기 때문이다.
"딸 시온아, 기뻐하고 즐거워하라." 왜인가? "내가 오느니라." 하나님은 이미 오셨다. 그러나 여기서 그분은 오실 것이라고 선언함으로써 자신의 호의의 진보를 표현하신다. 마치 "내가 이미 나의 임재의 희미한 표지를 너희에게 주었으나, 너희의 믿음을 훨씬 더 효과적으로 확증할 또 다른 오심을 경험하게 될 것이다"라고 말씀하시는 것처럼. 그러므로 하나님이 이미 유대인들에게 나타나셨지만, 오실 것이라고 말씀하신다. 즉, 그리스도가 오실 때, 그분 안에 신성의 충만이 몸으로 거하며, 그분 안에서 하나님의 완전한 영광과 위엄이 빛나신다. 따라서 내가 이미 말한 것이 더욱 분명해진다. 즉, 이 말씀이 선지자에게 적용되거나 아버지의 인격에 적절하게 적용될 수 없다는 것이다. 따라서 그리스도가 여기서 말씀하신다. 그러나 그분은 사람이나 천사로서가 아니라 구속자이신 하나님으로 말씀하신다.
원주석
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commentary-section/cal-zec-2-10-10(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
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The Prophet describes here the voluntary surrender of the nations, who would so join themselves to the Church of God, as to disown their own name and to count themselves Jews: and this is what the Prophet borrowed from those who had predicted the same thing; but he confirms their testimony, that the Jews might know that the propagation of the Church had not been promised to them in vain by so many witnesses. That what is said here refers to the calling of the nations who would willingly surrender themselves to God, is quite evident; for it is said that they would be a people to God . This could not be, except the nations surrendered their own name, so as to become one body with the Jews. He then repeats what he had said, that God would dwell in the midst of Judea. Of this dwelling something was said yesterday; for as they had already begun to offer sacrifices in the temple, it follows that God was already dwelling among them. We must then necessarily come to another kind of dwelling, even that which God, who had before testified by many proofs that he was nigh the Jews, had at length accomplished through Christ; for Christ is really Emmanuel, and in him God is present with us in the fullness of his power, justice, goodness, and glory. He at last adds, Thou shalt know that Jehovah of hosts has sent me to thee . Something has also been said on this sentence: the Prophet means, that it would be evident by what would really take place, that these things had not been in vain foretold, as the prophecy would be openly fulfilled before the eyes of all. Then shalt thou know, not by the assurance of faith, which is grounded on the word, but by actual experience. But he expresses more than before, for he says, “Thou shalt know that Jehovah of hosts has sent me to thee.” The particle אליך , alik , “to thee,” is not superfluous; for he said a little while before, that he was sent to the nations. As he now says, that he would be the guardian of the chosen people, he also declares that his mission was to them; and he gives to God the name of Jehovah of hosts, that the Jews might feel assured that there would be no difficulty sufficient to hinder or delay the word of God, as he possessed supreme power, so that he could easily execute whatever he had decreed. I will not repeat now what I said yesterday of Christ; but we ought nevertheless to remember this, that he who declares that he was sent, is often called Jehovah. It hence appears that one and the same divine eternal essence is in more persons than one. Let us go on - return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-12" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
선지자는 여기서 민족들의 자발적 항복을 묘사한다. 그들이 자신들의 이름을 버리고 스스로를 유대인으로 여길 정도로 하나님의 교회에 연합하게 될 것이다. 이것은 선지자가 같은 것을 예언했던 이들에게서 빌린 것이다. 그러나 그는 그들의 증언을 확증한다. 유대인들이 그토록 많은 증인들에 의해 교회의 전파가 헛되이 약속된 것이 아님을 알도록.
여기서 말해지는 것이 자발적으로 하나님께 항복하게 될 민족들의 부르심을 언급한다는 것은 매우 분명하다. "그들이 하나님의 백성이 될 것이라"고 말해지기 때문이다. 민족들이 자신들의 이름을 버리고 유대인들과 한 몸이 되지 않으면 이것이 될 수 없었다. 그런 다음 그는 하나님이 유다의 가운데에 거하실 것이라고 이미 말한 것을 반복한다. 이 거함에 대해서는 어제 말했다. 그들이 이미 성전에서 제사를 드리기 시작했으므로, 하나님이 이미 그들 가운데 거하고 계신다는 결론이 나온다. 따라서 필연적으로 또 다른 종류의 거함에 이르러야 한다. 하나님이 그리스도를 통해 마침내 이루신, 그분이 이전에 많은 증거로 유대인들과 가까이 계심을 증언하신 거함이다. 그리스도는 참으로 임마누엘이시며, 그분 안에서 하나님이 그분의 능력, 의, 선하심, 영광의 충만함으로 우리와 함께 계신다.
원주석
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The Prophet confirms the former doctrine, but removes offenses, which might have occurred to the Jews and prevented them from believing this prophecy: for they had been for a time rejected, so that there was no difference between them and other nations. The land of Canaan had been given them as a pledge of their heirship; but they had been thence expelled, and there had been no temple, no public worship, no kingdom. The Jews then might have concluded from all these reasons, that they were rejected by God. Hence the Prophet here promises that they were to be restored again to their former state and to their own place. Jehovah , he says, will take Judah as his hereditary portion ; that is, God will really show that he has not forgotten the election by which he had separated the Jews for himself; for he intended them to be to him a peculiar people. They were now mixed with the nations; their dispersion seemed an evidence of repudiation; but it was to be at length manifest that God was mindful of that adoption, by which he once purposed to gather the Jews to himself, that their condition might be different from that of other nations. When therefore he says, that Judah would be to God for an heritage or for an hereditary portion, he brings forward nothing new, but only reminds them that the covenant by which God chose Judah as his people would not be void, for it would be made evident in its time. And the following clause is to the same purpose, And he will again choose Jerusalem ; for it was not then for the first time that Jerusalem became the city of God when restoration took place, but the election, which existed before, was now in a manner renewed conspicuously in the sight of men. It is then the same as though the Prophet had said, “The course of God’s favor has indeed been interrupted, yet he will again show that you have not been in vain chosen as his people, and that Jerusalem, which was his sanctuary, has not been chosen without purpose.” The renovation of the Church, then, is what the Prophet means by these words. What we have said elsewhere ought at the same time to be noticed, that the word choose is not to be taken here in its strict sense; for God does not repeatedly choose those whom he regards as his Church. God’s election is one single act, for it is eternal and immutable. But as Jerusalem had been apparently rejected, the word choose imports here that God would make it evident, that the first elections had ever been unchangeable, however hidden it may have been to the eyes of men. He then adds — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
선지자는 이전 교훈을 확증하지만, 유대인들에게 일어날 수 있었던 이 예언의 믿음을 방해했을 걸림돌들을 제거한다. 그들이 한때 거부되어 그들과 다른 민족들 사이에 아무런 차이가 없었기 때문이다. 가나안 땅이 그들의 상속의 보증으로 주어졌으나, 그들이 거기서 쫓겨났고, 성전도, 공적 예배도, 왕국도 없었다. 그러므로 유대인들은 이 모든 이유로 그들이 하나님께 버림받았다고 결론 내렸을 것이다.
그러므로 선지자는 여기서 그들이 이전 상태와 자신들의 자리로 다시 회복될 것을 약속한다. "여호와가 유다를 자신의 세습 기업으로 삼으실 것이라." 즉, 하나님이 그분이 자신을 위해 유대인들을 구별하신 선택을 잊지 않으셨음을 실제로 보여 주실 것이다. 그들이 그분에게 특별한 백성이 되도록 의도하셨기 때문이다. 그들은 이제 민족들과 섞였고, 그들의 흩어짐은 거부의 증거처럼 보였다. 그러나 하나님이 그들을 자신을 위해 모으시기로 한 번 목적하신 그 입양을 기억하고 계심이 마침내 분명해질 것이었다. 그래서 그들의 상태가 다른 민족들과 다를 것이었다.
따라서 그는 유다가 하나님에게 기업이나 상속적 분깃이 될 것이라고 말할 때, 새로운 것을 제시하는 것이 아니라, 하나님이 유다를 자신의 백성으로 택하신 언약이 헛되지 않을 것이니, 때가 되면 분명히 나타날 것임을 상기시키는 것이다. 그리고 다음 절도 같은 목적으로 말한다. "그가 또다시 예루살렘을 택하시리라." 회복이 이루어졌을 때 예루살렘이 처음으로 하나님의 도성이 된 것이 아니었다. 이전에 있었던 선택이 사람들 눈에 눈에 띄게 새로워진 것이다. 그러므로 선지자가 이 말로 의미하는 것은 교회의 갱신이다.
원주석
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Here is a sealing of the whole prophecy. The Prophet highly extols the power of God, that the Jews might not still doubt or fear as with regard to things uncertain. He says that whatever he had hitherto declared was indubitable; for God would put forth his power to succor his Church and to remove whatever hindrance there might be. We have seen similar expressions elsewhere, that is, in the second chapter of Habakkuk and in the first of Zephaniah; ( Habakkuk 2:1 Zephaniah 1:1 ) and these Prophets had nearly the same object in view; for Habakkuk, after having spoken of the restoration of the people, thus concludes, — that God was coming forth to bid silence to all nations, that no one might dare to oppose when it was his will to redeem his Church. So also Zephaniah, after having, described the slaughter of God’s enemies, when God ordered sacrifices to be made to him as it were from the whole world, uses the same mode of expression, as though he had said, that there would be nothing to resist the power of God. It is the same here, Silent , he says, let all flesh be before Jehovah . It is, in short, the shout of triumph, by which Zechariah exults over all the enemies of the Church, and shows that they would rage in vain, as they could effect nothing, however clamorous they might be. By silence we are to understand, as elsewhere observed, submission. The ungodly are not indeed silent before God, so as willingly to obey his word, or reverently to receive what he may bid or command, or humbly to submit under his powerful hand; for these things are done only by the faithful. Silence, then, is what especially belongs to the elect and the faithful; for they willingly close their mouth to hear God speaking. But the ungodly are also said to be silent, when God restrains their madness: and how much soever they may inwardly murmur and rage, they yet cannot openly resist; so that he completes his work, and they are at length made ashamed of the swelling, words they have vomited forth, when they pass off in smoke. This is the sense in which the Prophet says now, silent be all flesh . He means, in short, by these words, That when God shall go forth to deliver his Church, he will be terrible; so that all who had before furiously assailed his chosen people, shall be constrained to tremble. With regard to the habitation of holiness , I explain it of the temple rather than of heaven. I indeed allow that heaven is often thus called in Scripture: and it is called the palace or temple of God, for we cannot think as we ought of God’s infinite glory, except we are carried above the world. This is the reason why God says that he dwells in heaven. But as the Church is spoken of here, Zechariah, I doubt not, means the temple. It is indeed certain that there was no temple when God began to rise as one awakened from sleep, to restore his people: but as the faithful are said in Psalms 102:0 to pity the dust of Sion, because the place continued sacred even in its degradation and ruin; so also in this passage Zechariah says, that God was roused — Whence? from Sion , from that despised place, exposed to the derision of the ungodly: yet there God continued to dwell, that he might build again the temple, where his name was to be invoked until Christ appeared. We now see that the temple or Sion is intended rather than heaven, when all circumstances are duly weighed. Now follows — return to ' Top of Page ' Zechariah Zec 1 Zechariah Zec Zechariah Zec 3 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Zechariah 2". 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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
여기에 모든 예언의 인장이 있다. 선지자는 유대인들이 불확실한 것에 관한 것처럼 아직도 의심하거나 두려워하지 않도록 하나님의 능력을 크게 찬양한다. 그는 지금까지 선언한 것이 의심할 여지 없이 확실하다고 말한다. 하나님이 자신의 교회를 돕고 어떤 방해든지 제거하기 위해 그분의 능력을 발휘하실 것이기 때문이다. 우리는 하박국 2장과 스바냐 1장에서도 비슷한 표현들을 보았다. 이 선지자들은 거의 같은 목적을 가지고 있었다. 하박국은 백성의 회복에 대해 말한 후, 하나님이 자신의 교회를 구속하시기를 원하실 때 감히 반대하는 자가 없도록 모든 민족들에게 침묵을 명하러 나오신다는 결론으로 끝맺기 때문이다. 마찬가지로 스바냐도 원수들의 학살을 묘사한 후, 마치 온 세상에서 그분께 제사가 드려지는 것처럼 하나님이 명하실 때, 마치 하나님의 능력에 저항할 수 없을 것이라고 말하는 것처럼 같은 표현 방식을 사용한다.
여기서도 마찬가지다. "모든 육체는 여호와 앞에서 잠잠할지니." 한마디로 이것은 승리의 외침이니, 스가랴는 교회의 모든 원수들을 향해 환호하며, 그들이 아무리 소란을 피워도 아무것도 이룰 수 없으므로 헛되이 날뛸 것임을 보여 준다. 침묵은 다른 곳에서 언급한 것처럼 복종을 의미한다. 악인들이 하나님 앞에서 침묵하여 그분의 말씀에 기꺼이 순종하거나, 그분이 명하거나 명령하실 것을 경건하게 받아들이거나, 그분의 강한 손 아래 겸손히 복종하지 않는다. 이러한 것들은 신실한 자들만이 한다. 그러므로 침묵은 특히 택함받은 자와 신실한 자에게 속한다. 그들이 기꺼이 입을 닫아 하나님이 말씀하시는 것을 듣기 때문이다. 그러나 악인들도 하나님이 그들의 광기를 제지하실 때 침묵한다고 말해진다. 그들이 아무리 내적으로 중얼거리고 날뛰더라도 공개적으로 저항할 수 없어서, 그분이 자신의 일을 완성하시고, 그들이 뱉어낸 교만한 말들이 연기로 사라질 때 결국 수치를 당한다.
이것이 선지자가 "모든 육체는 잠잠할지니"라고 말하는 의미다. 그는 한마디로 이것을 말한다. 즉, 하나님이 자신의 교회를 구원하러 나가실 때, 그분이 두려우실 것이니, 이전에 그분의 택하신 백성을 맹렬히 공격했던 모든 자들이 두려움으로 떨 수밖에 없을 것이다. "거룩한 처소"에 관해서는, 나는 그것을 하늘보다 성전으로 설명한다. 하늘이 성경에서 자주 그렇게 불린다는 것을 나는 인정한다. 그것이 하나님의 궁전이나 성전이라 불리는 것은 세상 위로 올려지지 않으면 하나님의 무한한 영광을 합당하게 생각할 수 없기 때문이다. 이것이 하나님이 하늘에 거하신다고 말씀하시는 이유다. 그러나 여기서 교회에 대해 말하고 있으므로, 스가랴는 의심할 여지 없이 성전을 의미한다.
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