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주석[칼빈]스가랴 › 4장

주석[칼빈] — 스가랴 4장 · 금 촛대 환상

요약
칼빈 주석 · 섹션 14개 · 한국어 번역 있음(한국어 우선) · 본문 보기
아래 주석은 원문(및 번역문) 그대로입니다.

1절 카드 ↗

Another vision is narrated here, — that a candlestick was shown to the Prophet, on which there were seven lights. He says that the candlestick was formed all of gold : and he says that to the seven lamps there were as many cruses, (infusoria — pourers,) or, as some think, there were seven cruses to each lamp: but the former view is what I mostly approve, that is, that every lamp had its own cruse. He further says, that there were two olive-trees, one on the right, the other on the left hand, so that there was no deficiency of oil, as the olive-trees were full of fruit. Since then there was a great abundance of berries, the oil would not fail; and the lamps were continually burning. This is the vision, and the explanation is immediately added, for God declares that his Spirit was sufficient to preserve the Church without any earthly helps, that is, that his grace would always shine bright, and could never be extinguished. There is, moreover, no doubt but that God set forth to Zechariah a figure and an image suitable to the capacities of the people. The candlestick in the temple, we know, was made of gold; we know also, that seven lamps were placed in the candlestick, for it had six branches; and then there was the trunk of the candlestick. As then the seven lamps shone always in the temple on the golden candlestick, it was the Lord’s design here to show that this ceremonial symbol was not superfluous or insignificant; for his purpose was really to fulfill what he exhibited by the candlestick: and such analogy is to be seen in many other instances. For it was not the Lord’s purpose simply to promise what was necessary to be known; but he also designed to add at the same time a confirmation by ceremonial types, that the Jews might know that their labor was not in vain when they lighted the lamps in the temple; for it was not a vain or a deceptive spectacle, but a real symbol of his favor, which was at length to be exhibited towards them. But we may more fully learn the design of the whole, by considering the words, and each part in order. He says that the Angel returned ; by which we understand that God, without any request or entreaty on the part of the Prophet, confirmed by a new prophecy what we have already observed; for the Prophet confesses that he was as it were overcome with astonishment, so that it was necessary to awake him as it were from sleep. The Prophet was not therefore able to ask any thing of God when under the influence of amazement; but God of his own free will came to his aid, and anticipated his request. We hence see that the faithful were not in one way only taught to entertain confidence as to the restoration of the Church; but as there was need of no common confirmation, many visions were given; and it must at the same time be added, that though no one interposed, yet God was of his own self solicitous about his Church, and omitted nothing that was necessary or useful to support the faith of his people. And farther, as the Prophet says that he was awakened by the Angel, let us learn, that except God awakens us by his Spirit, torpor will so prevail over us, that we cannot raise our minds above. Since God then sees that we are so much tied down to the earth, he rouses us as it were from our lethargy. For if the Prophet had need of such help, how much more have we, who are far below him in faith? Nay, if he was earthly, are we not altogether earth and ashes? It must yet be observed, that the Prophet was not so overwhelmed with drowsiness as with astonishment; so that he was hardly himself, as it is the case with men in an ecstasy. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-1

Source

또 다른 환상이 여기서 언급된다. 즉, 선지자에게 일곱 등잔이 있는 등잔대가 보여졌다. 그는 등잔대가 전부 금으로 만들어졌다고 말한다. 그리고 일곱 등잔에 그만큼의 항아리(기름 붓는 그릇)가 있었다고 말한다. 혹은 어떤 이들은 각 등잔에 일곱 항아리가 있었다고 생각한다. 그러나 나는 전자의 견해, 즉 각 등잔에 자체 항아리가 있었다는 것을 더 지지한다. 그는 또 두 올리브나무가 있었다고 말한다. 하나는 오른편, 다른 하나는 왼편에 있어서, 올리브나무들이 열매로 가득했으므로 기름이 부족하지 않았다. 그러므로 열매가 풍성하여 기름이 끊이지 않고, 등잔들이 계속 타올랐다. 이것이 환상이다. 그리고 즉시 설명이 더해진다. 하나님이 어떤 세상적 도움 없이도 자신의 영이 교회를 보존하기에 충분하다고 선언하시기 때문이다. 즉, 그분의 은혜가 항상 밝게 빛날 것이며 결코 꺼질 수 없다는 것이다.

더 나아가, 하나님이 스가랴에게 백성의 이해력에 맞는 그림과 형상을 제시하셨음은 의심할 여지가 없다. 성전의 등잔대가 금으로 만들어졌음을 우리는 안다. 등잔대에 일곱 등잔이 놓였음도 안다. 여섯 가지가 있었고, 거기다 등잔대의 줄기도 있었기 때문이다. 그러므로 일곱 등잔이 금 등잔대에서 항상 성전을 밝혔으므로, 이 의례적 상징이 불필요하거나 하찮지 않음을 보여 주시는 것이 주님의 의도셨다. 그분의 목적은 등잔대로 나타낸 것을 실제로 성취하는 것이었기 때문이다. 이와 같은 유비는 다른 많은 경우에서도 볼 수 있다.

또한 천사가 돌아왔다고 말하는 것을 주목하자. 이것으로 우리는 하나님이 선지자의 어떤 요청이나 간청 없이 이미 우리가 살핀 것을 새 예언으로 확증하셨음을 이해한다. 선지자가 말하기를 자신이 마치 놀람에 압도되어 마치 잠에서 깨어나야 할 것처럼 되었다고 했기 때문이다. 따라서 선지자는 놀람의 영향 아래 있으면서 하나님께 아무것도 구할 수 없었다. 그러나 하나님이 자신의 자유로운 뜻으로 그에게 오셔서 그의 요청을 미리 예방하셨다. 그러므로 신실한 자들이 오직 한 가지 방식으로만 교회 회복에 관한 확신을 갖도록 가르쳐진 것이 아님을 알 수 있다. 그러나 보통 이상의 확증이 필요했으므로, 많은 환상이 주어졌다. 또한 아무도 끼어들지 않았지만 하나님이 자신의 교회를 위해 스스로 염려하셨으며, 자신의 백성의 믿음을 지지하는 데 필요하거나 유용한 것을 아무것도 빠뜨리지 않으셨다는 것을 더해야 한다.

또한 선지자가 천사에 의해 깨어났다고 말하므로, 하나님이 자신의 영으로 우리를 깨우지 않으시면, 무기력함이 우리를 지배하여 우리가 마음을 위로 들어올릴 수 없다는 것을 배우자. 그러므로 하나님이 우리가 땅에 너무나 묶여 있음을 아시므로, 우리를 마치 우리의 무감각에서 깨우신다. 선지자에게 그런 도움이 필요했다면, 믿음에서 그보다 훨씬 아래에 있는 우리는 얼마나 더 필요하겠는가? 아니, 만약 그가 세상적이었다면, 우리는 온통 흙과 재가 아니겠는가?

원주석

2절 카드 ↗

The Prophet was also reminded to be attentive to the vision — What seest thou? Then there was presented to him a sight which we have described; but the Prophet by seeing could have seen nothing, had he not been instructed by the Angel. We must also observe, that this tardiness of the Prophet is useful to us; for we hence more surely conclude, that nothing was represented without a design; but that the whole was introduced for his benefit, though he overlooked, as with closed eyes, what God showed to him by the Angel. We then conclude that there was nothing done by chance, but that the Prophet was really under a divine guidance, so that he might learn what he was afterwards faithfully to deliver to others. The vision is then narrated — that a candlestick of God was shown to him. The substance of the candlestick was intended to set forth a mystery. It is indeed true that gold is corruptible; but as we cannot otherwise understand what exceeds the things of the world, the Lord, under the figure of gold, and silver, and precious stones, sets forth those things which are celestial, and which surpass in value the earth and the world. It was for this purpose that God commanded a candlestick to be made of gold for him, not that he needed earthly wealth or riches, or was pleased with them as men are, whose eyes are captivated by the sight of gold and silver. We indeed know that all these things are counted as nothing before God; but regard was had in these symbols to this — that they might know that something sublime and exalted was to be understood whenever they looked on the golden candlestick. Hence by the gold the Prophet must have learnt, that what was here set forth was not worthless or mean, but unusual and of great importance. He afterwards says that there was a vessel , or some render it a pot; but it was a round vessel, and it was on the top of the candlestick ; for the lamps burned on the very summit of the candlestick. Now there was a pot or bowl; and here there was a little difference between the candlestick of the temple and that of which the Prophet speaks now; for in the candlestick of the temple there were many pots or bowls, but here the Prophet says that there was but one; and also that there were seven pourers or postings; for by this term we may understand the very act of pouring, as well as the instruments themselves. But it is better to refer this to the pourers, which distilled the oil continually, that the wick might not become dry, but gather always new strength. He says that there were seven pourers to the lamps on the top; (45) and also that there were two olive-trees , which supplied new abundance, so that the oil was always flowing. (45) Literally it is, “seven and seven pourers,” or pipes, or tubes “to the lamps” or lights. Some, as Henderson , regard the first “seven” as an interpolation, and it is not in the Septuagint nor Vulgate . Others, as Newcome , receive it, and place it before lamps — “to the seven lamps.” If “seven and seven” be taken as a form to express fourteen, then there were two pipes to convey the oil from the bowl to each lamp, answerable to the two olive-trees which supplied the oil; and it may be that this was expressed in order to intimate with more distinctness that the oil proceeded equally to each lamp from the two olive-trees. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-2

Source

선지자는 또한 환상에 주의를 기울이라고 상기시킴을 받았다. "무엇이 보이느냐?" 그러자 우리가 묘사한 광경이 그에게 나타났다. 그러나 선지자는 보더라도 천사의 지도 없이는 아무것도 볼 수 없었을 것이다. 또한 선지자의 이 지체가 우리에게 유익하다는 점을 주목해야 한다. 이로 인해 우리는 아무것도 이유 없이 나타난 것이 없다고 더 확실하게 결론 내린다. 오히려 전부 그의 유익을 위해 도입된 것이었다. 비록 그가 눈을 감은 것처럼 하나님이 천사를 통해 보여 주신 것을 간과했지만.

환상이 언급된다. 즉, 하나님의 등잔대가 그에게 보여졌다. 등잔대의 재료는 신비를 나타내려는 의도였다. 물론 금은 부패하는 것이 사실이다. 그러나 우리가 세상 것을 초월하는 것을 달리 이해할 수 없으므로, 주님은 금, 은, 보석의 형상 아래 하늘의 것들을 제시하신다. 이것들은 가치 면에서 땅과 세상을 능가한다. 이런 이유로 하나님이 자신을 위해 금으로 등잔대를 만들도록 명하셨다. 그분이 세상적 부나 재물이 필요하거나, 사람들이 금은을 보는 것에 사로잡히는 것처럼 그것들로 기뻐하기 때문이 아니다.

그는 또한 그릇, 혹은 어떤 이들은 항아리라고 번역하지만, 둥근 그릇이 있었다고 말한다. 등잔대 꼭대기에 있었으니, 등잔들이 등잔대의 가장 높은 곳에서 탔기 때문이다. 그러나 성전의 등잔대와 선지자가 지금 말하는 등잔대 사이에 약간의 차이가 있었다. 성전의 등잔대에는 많은 그릇이나 항아리가 있었지만, 여기서 선지자는 하나뿐이었다고 말한다. 또한 일곱 기름 붓는 것들, 즉 관들이 있었다. 이 말로 우리는 붓는 행위 자체와 도구들 모두를 이해할 수 있다. 그러나 이것을 관들로 보는 것이 더 낫다. 이는 심지가 마르지 않도록 항상 새 힘을 얻어 기름이 계속 흘러내리도록 했다. 그는 위의 등잔들에 일곱 관이 있었다고 말한다. 또한 두 올리브나무가 있어서 새 풍성함을 공급하여 기름이 항상 흘렀다.

원주석

3절 카드 ↗

We must now then enquire the meaning of the vision. Many understand by the candlestick the Church; and this may be allowed. At the same time I think that God here simply testified to the Jews, that in having commanded them to set up a candlestick, he did not appoint an empty, or a deceptive, but a real symbol. God no doubt represented by the lamps the graces, or the various gifts of his Spirit; yet the idea of a sevenfold grace is a mere fancy; for God did not intend to confine to that number the gifts of the Holy Spirit, the variety of which is manifold, even almost infinite. Hence the number seven designates perfection, according to the common usage of Scripture. God then intended by placing the candlestick in the midst of the temple, to show that the grace of his Spirit always shines in his Church, not of one kind only, but so that there was nothing wanting as to its perfection. Some think that teachers are represented by the lamps; but as I have already said, it is better to take a simple view of the meaning than refinedly to philosophise on the subject. There is indeed no doubt but that God pours forth his graces to illuminate his Church by his ministers; this we find by experience; but what I have stated is sufficient that God never forsakes his Church, but illuminates it with the gifts of his Spirit; while yet the variety of these gifts is set forth by the seven lamps. This is one thing. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-3

Source

이제 환상의 의미를 살펴야 한다. 많은 이들이 등잔대를 교회로 이해한다. 이것이 허용될 수 있다. 동시에 나는 하나님이 여기서 단순히 유대인들에게, 자신이 그들에게 등잔대를 세우도록 명하심으로써 빈 것이나 속이는 것이 아니라 실제 상징을 세우셨음을 증언하셨다고 생각한다. 하나님이 등잔들로 자신의 성령의 은혜들 혹은 다양한 선물들을 나타내셨음은 의심할 여지가 없다. 그러나 일곱 가지 은혜라는 생각은 단순한 공상이다. 하나님이 성령의 선물들을 그 숫자에 한정하려 하지 않으셨기 때문이다. 그 다양함이 다방면이고 거의 무한하다. 그러므로 일곱이라는 숫자는 성경의 일반적 용법에 따라 완전함을 나타낸다.

그러므로 하나님은 성전 한가운데에 등잔대를 놓으심으로써, 자신의 성령의 은혜가 항상 자신의 교회에서 빛을 발한다는 것, 한 종류만이 아니라 완전함에 있어서 아무것도 부족하지 않도록 빛을 발한다는 것을 보여 주시려 하셨다. 어떤 이들은 교사들이 등잔들로 나타난다고 생각한다. 그러나 내가 이미 말했듯이, 철학적으로 정교하게 파고드는 것보다 의미의 단순한 견해를 취하는 것이 더 낫다. 하나님이 자신의 교회를 사역자들을 통해 자신의 성령의 선물로 빛게 하여 자신의 은혜들을 쏟아붓는다는 것은 의심할 여지가 없다. 그러나 내가 말한 것으로 충분하다. 즉, 하나님이 결코 자신의 교회를 버리지 않으시고, 자신의 성령의 선물들로 교회를 밝히신다는 것이다. 이 선물들의 다양함이 일곱 등잔으로 표현된다.

원주석

4절 카드 ↗

It afterwards follows, that the Prophet inquired of the Angel, What does this mean? We hence learn again, that the Prophet was instructed by degrees, in order that the vision might be more regarded by us; for if the Prophet had immediately obtained the knowledge of what was meant, the narrative might be read by us with no attention; we might at least be less attentive, and some might probably think that it was an uncertain vision. But as the Prophet himself attentively considered what was divinely revealed to him, and yet failed to understand what God meant, we are hereby reminded that we ought not to be indifferent as to what is here related; for without a serious and diligent application of the mind, we shall not understand this prophecy, as we are not certainly more clear-sighted than the Prophet, who had need of a guide and teacher. There is also set before us an example to be imitated, so that we may not despair when the prophecies seem obscure to us; for when the Prophet asked, the Angel immediately helped his ignorance. There is therefore no doubt but that the Lord will supply us also with understanding, when we confess that his mysteries are hid from us, and when conscious of our want of knowledge, we flee to him, and implore him not to speak in vain to us, but to grant to us the knowledge of his truth. The angel’s question to the Prophet, whether he understood or not, is not to be taken as a reproof of his dullness, but as a warning, by which he meant to rouse the minds of all to consider the mystery. He then asked, Art thou ignorant of what this means , in order to elicit from the Prophet a confession of his ignorance. Now if the Prophet, when elevated by God’s Spirit above the world, could not immediately know the purpose of the vision, what can we do who creep on the earth, except the Lord supplies us with understanding? In short, Zechariah again recommends to us the excellency of this prophecy, that we may more attentively consider what God here declares. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-4

Source

이어서 선지자가 천사에게 "이것이 무슨 의미입니까?"라고 물었다. 우리는 여기서 다시, 선지자가 단계적으로 지도를 받았음을 배운다. 이는 환상이 우리에게 더 주목받도록 하기 위함이다. 선지자가 의미된 것에 대한 지식을 즉시 얻었다면, 그 이야기가 주의 없이 우리에게 읽혀졌을 것이다. 우리가 적어도 덜 주의를 기울였을 것이고, 일부는 아마도 그것이 불확실한 환상이라고 생각했을 것이다.

그러나 선지자 자신이 하나님에 의해 계시된 것을 주의 깊게 생각했으면서도 하나님의 의도를 이해하지 못했으므로, 우리는 여기서 보고되는 것에 무관심해서는 안 된다는 것을 상기받는다. 진지하고 부지런한 마음의 적용 없이는 이 예언을 이해하지 못할 것이기 때문이다. 우리가 안내자와 교사가 필요했던 선지자보다 확실히 더 명석하지 않기 때문이다. 우리가 의기소침할 때 본보기가 제시되기도 한다. 예언들이 우리에게 모호하게 보일 때도 그렇다. 선지자가 물었을 때 천사가 즉시 그의 무지를 도왔기 때문이다.

따라서 우리가 그분의 신비들이 우리에게 숨겨져 있음을 인정하고, 우리의 지식 부족을 의식하며 그분께 달려가 우리에게 헛되이 말씀하지 마시고 그분의 진리의 지식을 허락해 주시도록 간구할 때, 주님도 우리에게 이해력을 공급해 주실 것임은 의심할 여지가 없다.

천사가 선지자에게 이해하는지 여부를 물은 것은 그의 둔함을 책망하는 것이 아니라, 모든 사람의 마음이 신비를 생각하도록 일깨우려는 경고였다. 그는 선지자로부터 자신의 무지를 고백을 끌어내기 위해 "이것이 무슨 의미인지 모르느냐?"고 물었다. 선지자가 하나님의 영으로 세상 위로 높여졌음에도 환상의 목적을 즉시 알 수 없었다면, 땅에서 기어 다니는 우리는 주님이 우리에게 이해력을 공급해 주시지 않는다면 무엇을 할 수 있겠는가?

원주석

5절 카드 ↗

He calls the angel his Lord , according to the custom of the Jews; for they were wont thus to address those who were eminent in power, or in anything superior. He did not call him Lord with the intention of transferring to him the glory of God; but he thus addressed him only for the sake of honor. And here again we are reminded, that if we desire to become proficient in the mysteries of God, we must not arrogate any thing to ourselves; for here the Prophet honestly confesses his own want of knowledge. And let us not at this day be ashamed to lie down at God’s feet, that he may teach us as little children; for whosoever desires to be God’s disciple must necessarily be conscious of his own folly, that is, he must come free from a conceit of his own acumen and wisdom, and be willing to be taught by God. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-5

Source

그는 천사를 "주"라고 부르는데, 유대인들의 관습에 따른 것이다. 그들은 권력이나 다른 면에서 탁월한 자들에게 이렇게 부르는 것이 관례였다. 그는 하나님의 영광을 그에게로 옮기려는 의도로 그를 주라 부른 것이 아니다. 단지 존중의 의미로 그렇게 불렀을 뿐이다. 그리고 여기서 다시 우리는, 하나님의 신비들에서 진보하기를 원한다면 자신에게 어떤 것도 자랑해서는 안 된다는 것을 상기받는다. 여기서 선지자는 솔직하게 자신의 지식 부족을 고백하기 때문이다. 오늘날 우리도 하나님의 발 앞에 엎드리는 것을 부끄러워하지 말자. 그래서 그분이 우리를 어린아이들처럼 가르치실 수 있도록. 하나님의 제자가 되기를 원하는 자는 필연적으로 자신의 어리석음을 의식해야 하기 때문이다. 즉, 자신의 영민함과 지혜에 대한 자부심에서 벗어나 하나님에게 가르침을 받을 준비가 되어 있어야 한다.

원주석

6절 카드 ↗

Now follows the explanation the angel gives this answer — This is the word of Jehovah to Zerubbabel, saying , etc . Here the angel bears witness to what I have shortly referred to that the power of God alone is sufficient to preserve the Church, and there is no need of other helps. For he sets the Spirit of God in opposition to all earthly aids; and thus he proves that God borrows no help for the preservation of his Church, because he abounds in all blessings to enrich it. Farther, by the word spirit we know is meant his power, as though he had said, “God designs to ascribe to himself alone the safety of his Church; and though the Church may need many things, there is no reason why it should turn its eyes here and there, or seek this or that help from men; for all abundance of blessings may be supplied by God alone.” And host and might , (46) being a part for the whole, are to be taken for all helps which are exclusive of God’s grace. It is indeed certain that God acts not always immediately or by himself, for he employs various means, and makes use in his service of the ministrations of men; but his design is only to teach us that we are very foolish, when we look around us here and there, or vacillate, or when, in a word, various hopes, and various fears, and various anxieties affect us; for we ought to be so dependent on God alone, as to be fully persuaded that his grace is sufficient for us, though it may not appear; nay, we ought fully to confide in God alone, though poverty and want may surround us on every side. This is the purport of the whole. But God intended also to show that his Church is built up and preserved, not by human and common means, but by means extraordinary and beyond all our hopes and all our thoughts. It is indeed true, as I have just said, that God does not reject the labors of men in building up and in defending his Church; but yet he seems as though he were not in earnest when he acts by men; for by his own wonderful power he surpasses what can be conceived by human thought. To be reminded of this was then exceedingly necessary, when the Church of God was despised, and when the unbelieving haughtily ridiculed the miserable Jews, whom they saw to be few in number and destitute of all earthly aids. As then there was nothing splendid or worthy of admiration among the Jews, it was needful that what we find here should have been declared to them — even that his own power was enough for God, when no aid came from any other quarter. The same also was the design of what we have noticed respecting the seven pourers and the olive-trees; for if God had need of earthly helps, servants must have been at hand to pour forth the oil; but there were seven pourers to supply the oil continually. Wherefrom? even from the olive-trees. As then the trees were fruitful, and God drew from them the oil by his hidden power, that the lamps might never be dry, we hence clearly learn, that what was exhibited is that which the angel now declares, namely, that the Church was, without a host and without might, furnished with the gifts of the Holy Spirit, and that in these there was a sufficient defense for its preservation, in order that it might retain its perfect state and continue in vigor and safety. When therefore we now see things in a despairing condition, let this vision come to our minds — that God is sufficiently able by his own power to help us, when there is no aid from any other; for his Spirit will be to us for lamps, for pourers, and for olive-trees, so that experience will at length show that we have been preserved in a wonderful manner by his hand alone. We now then understand the design of the Prophet, and the reason why this vision was shown to him — that the faithful might be fully induced to entertain a firm hope as to that perfect condition of the Church which had been promised; for no judgment was to be formed of it according to earthly means or helps, inasmuch as God had his own power and had no need of deriving any assistance from others. And Zechariah says also, that this word was to Zerubbabel , even that he might take courage and proceed with more alacrity in the work of building the temple and the city. For Zerubbabel, we know, was the leader of the people, and the Jews returned to their country under his guidance; and in the work of building the city his opinion was regarded by all, as peculiar honor belonged to him on account of his royal descent. At the same time God addressed in his person the whole people: it was the same as though the angel had said, “This word is to the Church.” The head is here mentioned for the whole body, a part being specified for the whole. Now as Zerubbabel was only a type of Christ, we must understand that this word is addressed to Christ and to all his members. Thus we must remember that all our confidence ought to be placed on the favor of God alone; for were it to depend on human aids, there would be nothing certain or sure. For God, as I have said, withdraws from us whatever may add courage according to the judgment of the flesh, in order that he may invite or rather draw us to himself. Whenever, then, earthly aids fail us, let us learn to recumb on God alone, for it is not by a host or by might that God raises up his Church, and preserves it in its proper state; but this he does by his Spirit, that is, by his own intrinsic and wonderful power, which he does not blend with human aids; and his object is to draw us away from the world, and to hold us wholly dependent on himself. This is the reason why he says that the word was addressed to Zerubbabel. The rest I shall consider tomorrow. (46) ᾿Ουκ ἐν δυνάμει μεγάλη ὀυδὲ ἐν ἰσχυι , Septuagint . ; “ non in exercitu nec in robore ,” Jerome ; “ non virtute neque vi ,” Jun . et Trem Newcome and Henderson adopt our version, “not by might nor by power.” The first word, [ חיל ] seems to mean combined force, either of wealth or of armies; and the second, [ כח ], is the strength or vigor of

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-6

Source

이제 설명이 뒤따른다. 천사가 이 답변을 준다. "여호와의 말씀이 스룹바벨에게 임하니라." 여기서 천사는 내가 짧게 언급한 것을 증언한다. 즉, 하나님의 능력 혼자로 충분히 교회를 보존할 수 있으며, 다른 도움이 필요하지 않다는 것이다. 그는 하나님의 영을 모든 세상적 도움들과 대조시킨다. 이렇게 해서 하나님이 교회를 보존하기 위해 어떤 도움도 빌리지 않으신다는 것을 증명한다. 그분이 풍성하게 하기 위한 모든 복에 풍성하시기 때문이다. 더 나아가, 영이라는 말로 그분의 능력을 의미한다는 것을 우리는 안다. 마치 그분이 "하나님이 교회의 안전을 자신에게만 돌리기로 의도하셨다. 교회가 많은 것을 필요로 할 수 있지만, 이리저리 눈을 돌리거나 사람들에게서 이런저런 도움을 구할 이유가 없다. 하나님 한 분만으로도 모든 복의 풍성함을 공급할 수 있기 때문이다"라고 말씀하시는 것처럼.

"군대도 아니요 능력으로도 아니니라"는, 부분이 전체를 대신하여, 하나님의 은혜를 제외한 모든 도움을 의미하는 것으로 취해야 한다. 물론 하나님이 항상 즉각적으로 혹은 직접 행하시지 않는다는 것은 확실하다. 그분이 다양한 수단을 사용하시고, 자신의 봉사에서 사람들의 섬김을 사용하시기 때문이다. 그러나 그분의 의도는 단지 우리가 매우 어리석다는 것을 가르치는 것이다. 즉, 우리가 이리저리 둘러보거나, 다양한 소망들과 다양한 두려움들과 다양한 염려들이 우리에게 영향을 줄 때 그러하다. 우리는 하나님만을 의존해야 하며, 나타나지 않을지라도 그분의 은혜가 우리에게 충분하다고 완전히 확신해야 한다. 아니, 비록 빈곤과 궁핍이 사방에서 우리를 둘러쌀지라도 하나님만을 충분히 신뢰해야 한다.

그러나 하나님은 또한 자신의 교회가 인간적이고 일반적인 수단이 아니라, 모든 우리의 소망과 생각을 넘어서는 특별한 수단으로 세워지고 보존된다는 것을 보여 주시려 하셨다. 물론 내가 방금 말했듯이, 하나님이 교회를 세우고 지키는 데 사람들의 수고를 거부하지 않으신다. 그러나 그분이 사람들로 행하실 때 진지하게 행하지 않으시는 것처럼 보인다. 자신의 놀라운 능력으로 인간의 생각이 생각할 수 있는 것을 능가하시기 때문이다.

이것을 상기시키는 것은 하나님의 교회가 경멸받고, 불신자들이 오만하게 소수에 불과하고 모든 세상적 도움이 없는 비참한 유대인들을 비웃을 때 매우 필요했다. 그러므로 유대인들 사이에 화려하거나 경탄할 만한 것이 없었으므로, 여기서 발견되는 것이 그들에게 선언되는 것이 필요했다. 즉, 어떤 다른 곳에서도 도움이 오지 않을 때 자신의 능력이 하나님 자신에게 충분하다는 것이다.

이것과 관련하여 우리가 일곱 관들과 올리브나무들에 관해 주목한 것도 같은 의도를 가지고 있었다. 하나님이 세상적 도움을 필요로 하셨다면, 종들이 기름을 부을 준비가 되어 있었어야 했다. 그러나 기름을 계속 공급하기 위해 일곱 관들이 있었다. 어디서 공급받았는가? 바로 올리브나무들에서. 그러므로 나무들이 결실하고, 하나님이 자신의 숨겨진 능력으로 그것들에서 기름을 끌어내어 등잔들이 결코 마르지 않도록 하셨으므로, 우리는 여기서 나타난 것이 천사가 지금 선언하는 것임을 분명히 배운다. 즉, 교회가 군대도 능력도 없이 성령의 선물들을 받았으며, 이것들 안에 교회를 보존하기에 충분한 방어가 있었다는 것이다. 그래서 교회가 완전한 상태를 유지하고 활기와 안전 속에서 계속될 수 있도록.

원주석

7절 카드 ↗

Here the angel pursues the same subject which we have been already explaining — that though the beginning was small and seemed hardly of any consequence and importance, yet God would act in a wonderful manner as to the building of the temple. But as this was not only arduous and difficult, but also in various ways impeded, the angel now says, that there would be no hindrance which God would not surmount or constrain to give way. He compares to a mountain either the Persian monarchy or all the hosts of enemies, which had then suddenly arisen in various parts, so that the Jews thought that their return was without advantage, and that they were deceived, as the event did not answer to their wishes and hopes. We now then perceive the design of the Holy Spirit: as Satan attempted by various artifices to prevent the building of the temple, the angel declares here that no obstacle would be so great as to hinder the progress of the work, for God could suddenly reduce to a plain the highest mountains. What art thou, great mountain? The expression has more force than if the angel had simply said, that all the attempts of enemies would avail nothing; for he triumphs over the pride and presumption of those who then thought that they were superior to the Jews: “Ye are,” he says, “like a great mountain; your bulk is indeed terrible, and sufficient at the first view not only to weaken, but also to break down the spirits; but ye are nothing in all your altitude.” But the text may be read in two ways, “What art thou, great mountain? A plain before Zerubbabel;” or, “What art thou, great mountain before Zerubbabel? A plain.” The latter rendering is the best, and it is also what has been universally received. And he says that this mountain was before Zerubbabel, that is, in his presence, for it stood in opposition to him. Now this doctrine may be fitly applied to our age: for we see how Satan raises up great forces, we see how the whole world conspires against the Church, to prevent the increase or the progress of the kingdom of Christ. When we consider how great are the difficulties which meet us, we are ready to faint and to become wholly dejected. Let us then remember that it is no new thing for enemies to surpass great mountains in elevation; but that the Lord can at length reduce them to a plain. This, then, our shield can cast down and lay prostrate whatever greatness the devil may set up to terrify us: for as the Lord then reduced a great mountains to a plain, when Zerubbabel was able to do nothing, so at this day, however boldly may multiplied adversaries resist Christ in the work of building a spiritual temple to God the Father, yet all their efforts will be in vain. He afterwards adds, He will bring forth the stone of its top . The relative is of the feminine gender, and must therefore be understood of the building. Zerubbabel shall then bring forth the stone, which was to be on the top of the temple. By the stone of the top, I understand the highest, which was to be placed on the very summit. The foundations of the temple had been already laid; the building was mean and almost contemptible: it could not however be advanced, since many enemies united to disturb the work, or at least to delay it. Nevertheless the angel promises what he afterwards explains more fully — that the temple would come to its completion, for Zerubbabel was to bring forth and raise on high the stone of the top, which was to be on the very summit of the temple. (47) And then he subjoins, shoutings, Grace, grace, to it ; that is, God will grant a happy success to this stone or to the temple. The relative here again is feminine; it cannot then be applied to Zerubbabel, but to the temple or to the stone: it is however more probable that the angel speaks of the temple. And he says that there would be shoutings; for it was necessary to encourage the confidence of the faithful and to excite them to prayer, that they might seek, by constant entreaties, a happy and prosperous issue to the building of the temple. The angel, then, bids all the godly with one voice to pray for the temple; but as all prosperous events depend on the good pleasure of God, he uses the word חן , chen , grace, which he repeats, that he might more fully encourage the faithful to perseverance, and also that he might kindle their desire and zeal. We now then see what this verse on the whole contains: first, the angel shows that however impetuously the ungodly might rage against the temple, yet their attempts would be frustrated, and that though they thought themselves to be like great mountains, it was yet in the power and will of God to reduce them to a plain, that is, suddenly to lay them prostrate. This is one thing. Then secondly, he adds, that a happy success would attend the building of the temple; for Zerubbabel would bring forth the top-stone, the highest. And lastly, he subjoins, that the faithful ought unanimously to pray, and so to persevere with the greatest ardor and zeal, that God might bless the temple, and cause the building of it to be completed. It now follows — (47) The Targum seems here to have given a false view of this stone, regarding it as the chief corner-stone of the foundation; and this view has been adopted by Jerome , Cyril , Drusius , Grotius , and Henderson . But the context is wholly opposed to it. The ninth verse is decisive on the subject, as noticed by Marckius . This stone Zerubbabel was to bring forth; he had already laid the foundation-stone. It is considered as “the topmost stone” by Theodoret , Cocceius , Pemble , and Newcome . See Psalms 118:22 . The last renders the distich thus, And he shall bring forth the head-stone, With shoutings, cryings , Favor, favor, unto it. The last line is rendered by Marckius — Acclamations of favor, — of favor ( shall be ) to it. “Favor,” or grace, here seems to be a metonymy, prosperity or success being the effect of God’s favor: and this is the view given by Calvin . — Ed. return to ' To

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-7

Source

여기서 천사는 우리가 이미 설명한 같은 주제를 추구한다. 즉, 비록 시작이 작고 거의 아무런 중요성도 없어 보였지만, 하나님이 성전 건축에 관해 놀라운 방식으로 행하실 것이라는 것이다. 그러나 이것이 어렵고 힘들 뿐 아니라 다양하게 방해를 받으므로, 천사는 이제 하나님이 극복하시거나 물러서게 하지 않을 방해물이 없을 것이라고 말한다. 그는 페르시아 왕국이나, 당시 다양한 곳에서 갑자기 일어나 유대인들이 자신들의 귀환이 이득이 없고 자신들이 속았다고 생각하게 한 모든 원수들의 무리를 산에 비교한다. 그래서 일들이 자신들의 소망과 기대에 맞게 되지 않았기 때문이다.

이제 우리는 성령의 의도를 알 수 있다. 사탄이 다양한 술책으로 성전 건축을 막으려 했으므로, 천사는 여기서 어떤 방해물도 일의 진행을 막을 만큼 크지 않을 것이라고 선언한다. 하나님이 갑자기 가장 높은 산들을 평지로 낮추실 수 있기 때문이다. "큰 산아, 너는 누구냐?" 표현이 천사가 단순히 원수들의 모든 시도가 아무 소용이 없을 것이라고 말했을 때보다 더 강하다. 그는 자신들이 유대인들보다 우월하다고 생각한 자들의 교만과 추정 위에서 승리한다. "너희는 큰 산과 같다. 너희의 덩치가 실로 두렵고, 처음 보기에 기운을 꺾기에 충분할 뿐 아니라 깨뜨리기에도 충분하다. 그러나 너희의 모든 높음에도 너희는 아무것도 아니다."

이 교훈은 우리 시대에도 적절하게 적용될 수 있다. 사탄이 큰 군대를 일으키는 것을 우리는 본다. 온 세상이 교회를 거슬러 공모하여 그리스도 왕국의 성장이나 진보를 막으려 하는 것을 본다. 우리가 직면하는 어려움이 얼마나 큰지를 생각할 때, 우리는 기가 꺾여 완전히 낙심하기 쉽다. 그러므로 원수들이 큰 산들보다 높은 것이 새로운 일이 아님을 기억하자. 그러나 주님이 결국 그들을 평지로 낮추실 수 있음을 기억하자.

그는 또한 "으뜸 돌이 나오리라"고 덧붙인다. 관계사가 여성형이므로 건물을 언급하는 것으로 이해해야 한다. 그러므로 스룹바벨이 성전 꼭대기에 놓일 돌을 가져올 것이다. 꼭대기의 돌로, 나는 가장 높은 곳에 놓일 것을 이해한다. 성전의 기초는 이미 놓였다. 건물은 초라하고 거의 비천했다. 그러나 많은 원수들이 연합하여 일을 방해하거나 지연시켰으므로 앞으로 나아갈 수 없었다. 그럼에도 천사는 곧 더 충분히 설명할 것을 약속한다. 즉, 성전이 완성에 이를 것이니, 스룹바벨이 성전의 꼭대기에 놓일 돌을 가져와 높이 올릴 것이기 때문이다.

그런 다음 그는 덧붙인다. "은혜, 은혜가 그것에게 있을지어다"라는 외침 소리. 즉, 하나님이 이 돌 혹은 성전에 행복한 성공을 허락하실 것이다. 관계사가 다시 여성형이므로 스룹바벨에게 적용할 수 없다. 성전이나 돌에 적용되어야 한다. 그러나 천사가 성전을 언급할 가능성이 더 높다. 그는 외침이 있을 것이라고 말한다. 신실한 자들의 확신을 격려하고 기도로 자극할 필요가 있었기 때문이다. 그래서 그들이 성전 건축의 행복하고 번영하는 성취를 위해 끊임없는 간구로 구하도록. 그러므로 천사는 모든 경건한 자들에게 한 목소리로 성전을 위해 기도하라고 명한다. 그러나 모든 번영하는 사건들이 하나님의 기쁘신 뜻에 달려 있으므로, 그는 "은혜"라는 말을 사용한다. 이를 반복하는 것은 신실한 자들이 인내하도록 더욱 격려하고, 또 그들의 열망과 열심을 불붙이기 위함이다.

원주석

8절 카드 ↗

He confirms in this passage what I lately stated — That there was no reason for the faithful to entertain doubts or to feel anxious, because they saw that the beginning of the building was mean and despised by the world; for the Lord would at length show that it was built by his sanction and command, and that it would succeed far better than all of them had thought. But he says that the word of Jehovah came to him; (48) and yet at the end of the next verse he shows that this address came from the mouth of the angel. But it is a well-known and a common mode of speaking, that God himself is said to speak, when he employs either angels or men as his agents; for the person of the messenger lessens in no degree the reverence due to the word: the majesty, then, of God ought to remain inviolable in his word, whether brought to us by men or by angels. Now the Prophet felt assured that nothing was adduced by the angel, but what he conveyed as the minister of God. The sum of the whole is, that the temple, though some interruptions happened, was yet so begun that its completion was at length to be expected; as God had made use of the labors of Zerubbabel, so he would not forsake the work of his hands. Since, then, God was the chief founder of the building, it could not be but that the temple would at length be completed. (48) That is, what follows was especially addressed to the Prophet. The former part, beginning at the sixth verse, was a communication to Zerubbabel, and may be considered as parenthetic; the angel now proceeds to give an answer to the Prophet. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-8

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그는 이 구절에서 내가 방금 말한 것을 확증한다. 즉, 신실한 자들이 의심하거나 불안해할 이유가 없다는 것이다. 세상이 건물의 시작을 초라하고 경멸했음을 보았기 때문이다. 주님이 결국 그것이 자신의 승인과 명령으로 세워졌음을, 그리고 그들 모두가 생각했던 것보다 훨씬 더 잘 될 것임을 보여 주실 것이기 때문이다. 그러나 그는 여호와의 말씀이 그에게 임했다고 말한다. 그러나 다음 절 끝에서 이 말씀이 천사의 입에서 왔다고 보여 준다. 그러나 하나님이 천사들이나 사람들을 자신의 도구로 사용하실 때 하나님 자신이 말씀하신다고 말하는 것은 잘 알려진 일반적인 표현 방식이다. 메신저의 인격이 말씀에 드려야 할 경외심을 결코 감소시키지 않는다.

요약하면, 비록 어떤 방해가 있었지만, 성전이 이미 시작되었으므로 결국 완성이 기대되어야 한다는 것이다. 하나님이 스룹바벨의 수고를 사용하셨으므로, 자신의 손의 일을 버리지 않으실 것이기 때문이다. 그러므로 하나님이 건물의 주요 설립자이셨으므로, 성전이 결국 완성되지 않을 수 없었다.

원주석

9절 카드 ↗

This is what the angel had in view in these words, The hands of Zerubbabel have founded this house . Of the foundation there was indeed no doubt; but many believed that the building would ever remain unfinished, for Satan had already by means of the most powerful enemies impeded its progress. As then despair had laid hold on the minds of almost all, the angel declares that Zerubbabel would gain his object in finishing the temple which he had begun. He afterwards adds, Thou shalt know that God has sent me to you . Of this knowledge we have spoken elsewhere. The meaning is, that the event would be a sure and suitable proof, that nothing had been rashly undertaken by them, but that the temple was built by God’s command, for his power would be evident in its completion. And he addresses the Prophet, who though he was fully persuaded of the event and of the fulfillment of this prophecy, yet learnt by what took place that the angel who gave the promise was sent from above. We have said elsewhere that there are two kinds of knowledge; one is of faith, which we derive from the word, though the thing itself does not appear; the other is of experience, when God adds accomplishment to the promise, and proves that he had not spoken in vain and this is the knowledge which the angel means when he says, Thou shalt know that I have been sent from above to you. Now if this be applied to Christ, it may, as I have said, be justly done; for it is certain that angels were then sent in such a manner that Christ was the chief. Since, then, nothing was undertaken as to the building of the temple without Christ being the leader, he rightly says here that he was sent by the Father. It afterwards follows — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-9

Source

이것이 천사가 이 말씀들에서 목표한 것이다. "스룹바벨의 손이 이 성전의 기초를 놓았은즉." 기초에 대해서는 의심이 없었다. 그러나 많은 이들은 건물이 영원히 미완성으로 남을 것이라고 믿었다. 사탄이 이미 가장 강력한 원수들을 통해 그 진행을 방해했기 때문이다. 그러므로 절망이 거의 모든 이들의 마음을 사로잡았으므로, 천사는 스룹바벨이 자신이 시작한 성전을 완성하는 목적을 달성할 것이라고 선언한다.

그는 또한 덧붙인다. "나 여호와가 너희에게 보냄을 받은 줄을 너희가 알리라." 이 지식에 대해서는 다른 곳에서 말했다. 그 의미는, 사건이 확실하고 적절한 증거가 될 것이니, 그들이 성전을 짓는 데 아무것도 무모하게 착수한 것이 아니라, 하나님의 명령으로 건축되었음을 나타낸다는 것이다. 그분의 능력이 그 완성에서 나타날 것이기 때문이다. 그리고 그는 선지자에게 말한다. 비록 그가 사건과 이 예언의 성취에 대해 완전히 확신했지만, 약속을 준 천사가 위에서 보내졌음을 일어난 일로 배웠다.

원주석

10절 카드 ↗

Here the angel reproves the sloth and fear of the people, for the greater part were very faint-hearted; and he also blames the Jews, because they formed a judgment of God’s work at the first view, Who is he , he says, that has despised the day of paucities? He does not ask who it was, as though he spoke only of one, or as though they were few in number or insignificant but he addresses the whole people, who were chargeable with entertaining this wrong feeling; for all were cast down in their minds, because they thought that the work begun would be a sport to the ungodly, and would come to nothing, according to what we read in Nehemiah 3:12 , that the old men wept, so that nearly all threw down their tools, and left off the building of the temple. We hence see that not a few despised the small beginnings, and that the minds of all the people were dejected, for they thought that they labored in vain while building the temple, which made no approach to the glory and splendor of the former temple: “What are we doing here? we seek to build a temple for God; but what is it? does it correspond to the temple of Solomon? No, not in the tenth degree; yet God has promised that this temple would be most glorious.” While then they were considering these things, they thought either that the time was not come, or that they toiled in vain, because God would not dwell in a tent so mean. This is the reason why the Prophet now says, Who is he that has despised the day of paucities? (49) God then sets himself in opposition to an ungrateful and ill- disposed people, and shows that they all acted very foolishly, because they cast and fixed their eyes only on the beginning of things, as though God would not surpass by his power what human minds could conceive. As then God purposed in a wonderful manner to build the temple, the angel reproves here the clamors of the people. He then adds, They shall rejoice when they shall see the workman’s plummet in the hard of Zerubbabel (50) Though he had adopted a severe and sharp reproof, he yet mitigates here its severity, and promises to the Jews that however unworthy they were of such kindness from God, they would yet see what they had by no means expected, even Zerubbabel furnished with everything necessary for the completion of the temple. Hence they shall see Zerubbabel with his tin-stone ; (51) that is, with his plummet. As builders in our day use a plumb-line, so he calls that in the hand of Zerubbabel a tin-stone, which he had when prepared to complete the temple. This doctrine may be also applied to us: for God, to exhibit the more his power, begins with small things in building his spiritual temple; nothing grand is seen, which attracts the eyes and thoughts of men, but everything is almost contemptible. God indeed could put forth immediately his power, and thus rouse the attention of all men and fill them with wonder; he could indeed do so; but as I have already said, his purpose is to increase, by doing wonders, the brightness of his power; which he does, when from a small beginning he brings forth what no one would have thought; and besides, his purpose is to prove the faith of his people; for it behaves us ever to hope beyond hope. Now when the beginning promises something great and sublime, there is no proof and no trial of faith: but when we hope for what does not appear, we give due honor to God, for we depend only on his power and not on the proximate means. Thus we see that Christ is compared to a shoot, which arises from the stem of Jesse. ( Isaiah 11:1 .) God might have arranged that Christ should have been born when the house of David was in its splendor, and when the kingdom was in a flourishing state: yet his will was that he should come forth from the stem of Jesse, when the royal name was almost cut off. Again, he might have brought forth Christ as a full-grown tree; but he was born as an insignificant shoot. So also he is compared by Daniel to a rough and unpolished stone cut off from a mountain. ( Daniel 2:45 .) The same thing has also been accomplished in our age, and continues still at this day to be accomplished. If we consider what is and has been the beginning of the growing gospel, we shall find nothing illustrious according to the perceptions of the flesh; and on this account the adversaries confidently despise us; they regard us as the off-scourings of men, and hope to be able to cast us down and scatter us by a single breath. There are many at this day who despise the day of paucity, who grow faint in their minds, or even deride our efforts, as though our labor were ridiculous, when they see us sedulously engaged in promoting the truth of the gospel; and we ourselves are also touched with this feeling: there is no one who becomes not sometimes frigid, when he sees the beginning of the Church so mean before the world, and so destitute of any dignity. We hence learn how useful it is for us at this day to be reminded, that we shall at length see what we can by no means conjecture or hope for according to present appearances; for though the Lord begins with little things, and as it were in weakness, yet the plummet will at length be seen in the hand of the Architect for the purpose of completing the work. There is at this day no Zerubbabel in the world, to whom the office of building the temple has been committed; but we know that Christ is the chief builder, and that ministers are workmen who labor under him. However then may Satan blind the unbelieving with pride and haughtiness, so that they disdain and ridicule the building in which we labor; yet the Lord himself will show that he is the chief builder, and will give to Christ the power to complete the work. He afterwards adds, These seven are the eyes of Jehovah, going round through the whole earth . The angel calls the attention of Zechariah to what we have before observed; for the discourse was respecting the plummet, and Zechariah said, that there were shown to him seven eyes in tha

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-10

Source

여기서 천사는 백성의 게으름과 두려움을 책망한다. 대부분이 매우 기가 꺾여 있었기 때문이다. 그는 또한 유대인들이 첫눈에 하나님의 일에 대한 판단을 내렸다고 책망한다. "누가 소사의 날을 멸시하였느냐?" 그는 마치 한 사람만을 말하거나 수가 적거나 중요하지 않은 것처럼 묻는 것이 아니다. 오히려 이 잘못된 느낌을 갖는 온 백성에게 말한다. 모두가 마음이 무너졌기 때문이다. 시작된 일이 악인들의 웃음거리가 되고 아무것도 아닌 것으로 끝날 것이라고 생각했기 때문이다. 느헤미야 3:12에서 읽는 것처럼, 노인들이 울었고 거의 모두가 연장을 내려놓고 성전 건축을 포기했다.

따라서 많은 이들이 작은 시작들을 경멸했고, 온 백성의 마음이 침울해졌음을 알 수 있다. 자신들이 헛수고를 하고 있다고 생각했기 때문이다. 성전이 이전 성전의 영광과 웅장함에 전혀 가까이 가지 못했기 때문이다. "우리가 여기서 무엇을 하고 있는가? 우리는 하나님을 위해 성전을 짓고자 한다. 그러나 그게 무엇인가? 솔로몬의 성전과 비교가 되는가? 아니, 십 분의 일에도 미치지 못한다. 그러나 하나님은 이 성전이 가장 영화로울 것이라고 약속하셨다." 이것들을 생각하면서 그들은 때가 아직 오지 않았거나, 하나님이 그처럼 초라한 것에 거하지 않으실 것이므로 자신들이 헛수고를 하고 있다고 생각했다.

이것이 선지자가 지금 "누가 소사의 날을 멸시하였느냐?"라고 말하는 이유다. 그러므로 하나님은 감사할 줄 모르고 잘못 성향을 가진 백성에게 대항하여 서시며, 그들이 모두 매우 어리석게 행했음을 보여 주신다. 그들이 눈을 시작에만 고정시켜 하나님이 인간의 마음이 생각할 수 있는 것을 자신의 능력으로 능가하지 않으실 것처럼 생각했기 때문이다.

그런 다음 덧붙인다. "이 일곱은 온 세상에 두루 행하는 여호와의 눈이니라." 천사는 스가랴의 주의를 우리가 앞에서 관찰한 것으로 돌린다. 스룹바벨의 손에 있는 다림줄에 대해 논의 중이었는데, 스가랴는 성전의 구조가 보여진 돌에 일곱 눈이 있다고 말했기 때문이다. 이제 이 일곱 눈이 무엇을 의미하는지 묻는다. 그리고 답이 주어진다. "이것들은 온 땅에 두루 행하는 여호와의 눈이니라." 하나님이 자신의 온 창조에 대해 충분히 알고 계신다는 것을 의미한다. 그래서 성전 건물이 진행됨을 알고 계신다. 그리고 자신의 눈들, 즉 천사들 혹은 영들로 이 일을 실행하신다.

원주석

11절 카드 ↗

The same vision is again related, at least one similar to that which we have just explained; only there is given a fuller explanation, for the Prophet says that he asked the angel what was meant by the two olive-trees which stood, one on the right, the other on the left side of the candlestick, and also by the two pipes of the olive-trees. Some render שבלים , shebelim , ears of corn, thinking that the branches of the olive-trees are compared to ears of corn, because they were full and loaded with berries; but the metaphor seems to me immaterial. The word in Hebrew is indeed ambiguous; but it often means a pipe, or a running or flowing; and this sense best suits this passage; and I wonder that this meaning has been overlooked by all interpreters; for no doubt necessity constrained them to retake themselves to this metaphor, however unnatural it was. But we know that this spectacle was presented to Zechariah in order to show that the olive-tree continually supplied abundance of oil, lest the wick should become dry, and lest the lamps should thus fail. Since then on every side there were pourers or pipes, and three tubes received the oil from one olive-tree, and four received it from the other, so that great abundance thus flowed from the two olive-trees, and since there were also seven pipes, we see how suitable it was that they should be between the olive-trees on the right and on the left, and also that their tubes for the oil should be between the pourers and the two pipes. As then the oil ran through the pourers and passed through the two pipes, he asks the angel what these flowing meant? The answer was, These are the two sons of oil, who stand before the Lord of all the earth ; that is, they are the two fountains which supply oil from God himself, lest the lamps should fail through the want of it. (53) This is the import of the whole. (53) The second questions, which seems to be a modification of the first, has been variously explained. The word [ שבלים ], except in the feminine gender, has not the meaning attached to it by Calvin . It is rendered, “branches,” κλαδοι , by the Septuagint , Piscator , Newcome , Henderson , and by our own version; “berries,” by Jun. and Trem . , Drusius and Pemble ; and “tubes” by Grotius . As it is a repetition of the former question, it is probable that the branches in immediate connection with the candlestick are intended: the oil proceeded from them by means of tubes or pipes to the bowl or the reservoir at the top of the candlestick, and hence by means of seven tubes, or pourers to the seven lamps. The question now is respecting the olive-trees or the branches from which the oil proceeded; and the answer is, that they are “the sons of oil.” What is said of these “sons of oil,” that they “stand with (or before) the Lord,” can hardly comport with the explanation given by Calvin : but it is more suitable to regard them as persons annointed, as rendered in our version, and by Kimchi , Drusiu s, Dathius , Newcome , and Henderson . They are considered here to mean Zerubbabel and Joshua; but yet as types of Christ in his twofold character of a king and priest. Blayney takes another view; he renders [ שבלים ], “orderers,” deriving it from the Syriac, in which language the verb signifies to direct, to guide in the way. He conceives them to be two persons, guiding the oil to the channels or tubes which conveyed it to the lamps, and that they were types of Moses and of Christ, the authors of the two dispensations. The preceding view seems the most probable. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-12" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-11

Source

같은 환상이 다시 언급된다. 적어도 우리가 방금 설명한 것과 유사한 것이다. 다만 선지자가 천사에게 등잔대 오른편과 왼편에 서 있는 두 올리브나무와, 두 올리브나무의 두 가지가 의미하는 것에 대해 물었다고 더 충분한 설명이 주어진다. 어떤 이들은 가지들이 열매로 가득하고 무거웠으므로 올리브나무의 가지들이 옥수수 이삭에 비교되었다고 생각한다. 그러나 그 비유는 내게 중요하지 않아 보인다. 히브리어 단어는 실제로 모호하지만, 종종 관, 흐름 혹은 흘러감을 의미한다. 이 의미가 이 구절에 가장 잘 맞는다. 그리고 모든 해석자들이 이 의미를 간과한 것이 놀랍다. 그들이 아무리 부자연스럽더라도 이 비유로 돌아갈 수밖에 없었다.

그러나 이 광경이 스가랴에게 나타난 것은 올리브나무가 기름을 계속 풍성하게 공급하여 심지가 마르지 않고 등잔들이 꺼지지 않도록 하기 위함임을 우리는 안다. 그러므로 사방에 관들이 있고, 세 관이 한 올리브나무에서 기름을 받고 네 관이 다른 것에서 받아서 두 올리브나무에서 많은 풍성함이 흘렀다. 또한 일곱 관이 있었으므로, 그것들이 오른편과 왼편의 올리브나무들 사이에, 그리고 기름을 위한 관들이 관들과 두 파이프들 사이에 있는 것이 적절했음을 알 수 있다.

그러므로 기름이 관들을 통해 흘러 두 파이프를 통과했을 때, 그는 천사에게 이 흐름이 무엇을 의미하는지 묻는다. 답은 이러했다. "이는 기름 발리운 자 둘이니 온 세상의 주 앞에 서 있는 자니라." 즉, 그것들은 등잔들이 그것의 부족으로 꺼지지 않도록 하나님 자신에게서 기름을 공급하는 두 샘이다.

원주석

12절 카드 ↗

I have said that there is some difference in the visions though the angel relates hardly anything new, except respecting the flowing and the tubes; but as a new explanation is given, Zechariah no doubt more fully considered what he had slightly looked on before. The more attentive then to the vision the Prophet became, the more confirmed he was; for God showed to him now what he had not sufficiently observed before, namely, that there were pipes or tubes through which the oil flowed into each of the pourers, and further, that these flowing or a continual running of the oil, was like that of a river, which runs through its own channel. But God intended to instruct his Prophet by degrees, that we may learn at this day to apply our thoughts to the understanding of his doctrine; for the instruction to be derived from it is not of an ordinary kind, as I have already reminded you. Indeed the state of things in our time is nearly the same with that of his time: for Christ now renews by the power of his Spirit that spiritual temple which had been pulled down and wholly demolished; for what has been the dignity of the Church for many ages? Doubtless, it has been for a long time in a dilapidated state; and now when God begins to give some hope of a new building, Satan collects together many forces from all parts to prevent the progress of the work. We are also tender and soft, and even faint-hearted, so that hardly one in a hundred labors so courageously as he ought. We hence then learn how necessary for us is this doctrine: it was not, therefore, to no purpose that the Prophet did not apprehend at once and in an instant what was presented to him in the vision, but made progress by degrees. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-12

Source

환상들에 약간의 차이가 있다고 내가 말했다. 비록 천사가 흐름과 관들에 관한 것 외에는 거의 새로운 것을 언급하지 않지만, 새 설명이 주어지므로, 스가랴는 의심할 여지 없이 이전에 가볍게 살펴보았던 것을 더 충분히 생각하게 되었다. 그러므로 선지자가 환상에 더 주의를 기울일수록 더 확증되었다. 하나님이 이제 그가 이전에 충분히 관찰하지 못한 것, 즉 각 관들에 기름이 흘러드는 관들이 있었다는 것을, 그리고 더 나아가 이 흐름 혹은 기름의 계속적인 흐름이 자체 수로를 통해 흐르는 강과 같았다는 것을 그에게 보여 주셨기 때문이다.

그러나 하나님은 자신의 선지자를 단계적으로 가르치려 하셨다. 그래서 우리가 오늘날에도 자신의 교훈을 이해하는 데 우리의 생각을 적용하는 것을 배우도록. 그것에서 파생되는 교훈이 보통이 아니기 때문이다. 실제로 우리 시대의 상황은 그의 시대의 상황과 거의 같다. 그리스도가 지금 자신의 영의 능력으로 허물어지고 완전히 파괴된 영적 성전을 새롭게 하고 있기 때문이다. 교회의 위엄이 여러 세대 동안 어떠했는가? 의심할 여지 없이 오랫동안 황폐한 상태에 있었다. 그리고 이제 하나님이 새 건물의 어떤 소망을 주기 시작하실 때, 사탄은 모든 곳에서 많은 군대를 모아 일의 진행을 막으려 한다. 우리는 또한 연약하고 부드러우며, 심지어 기가 꺾여서 백 명 중 하나도 마땅히 해야 할 것처럼 용감하게 수고하는 이가 거의 없다.

원주석

13절 카드 ↗

We have also mentioned before, that the desire of improvement observed in Zechariah ought to be noticed. For though we attain not immediately what God teaches, yet the obscurity of a passage ought not to damp our ardor; but we ought rather to imitate the Prophet, who, in things difficult and unknown to him, asked explanations from the angel. Angels are not indeed sent now to us from heaven to answer our questions; but yet no one shall be without benefit who will humbly and with a sincere desire ask of God; for God will either by his ministers so elucidate what seems obscure to us and full of darkness, that we shall know that there is nothing but what is clear in his word; or he will by the Spirit of knowledge and judgment supply what is deficient in the ministrations of men. And this is also the reason why the angel replies, Dost thou not know what these mean? For he does not upbraid Zechariah with ignorance, but rather reminds all the faithful, that they ought to quicken themselves, and to exert all their ardor to learn, lest sloth should close up the way against them. This reply, then, of the angel no doubt belongs to us all, “Dost thou not know what these mean?” We ought to remember that the things we esteem as common far exceed our thoughts. It indeed often happens that one runs over many parts of Scripture, and thinks that he reads nothing but what is clear and well known, while yet experience teaches us that we are inflated with too much self-confidence; for we look down, as it were from on high, on that doctrine which ought, on the contrary, to be reverently adored by us. Then let every one of us, being warned by this sentence of the angel, acknowledge that he as yet cleaves to first principles, or, at least, does not comprehend all those things which are necessary to be known; and that therefore progress is to be made to the very end of life: for this is our wisdom, to be learners to the end. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-14" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-13

Source

우리는 또한 스가랴에게서 관찰된 향상의 열망을 주목해야 한다고 전에 언급했다. 비록 우리가 하나님이 가르치시는 것을 즉시 이해하지 못할지라도, 구절의 불분명함이 우리의 열정을 꺾어서는 안 된다. 오히려 선지자를 본받아야 한다. 그는 자신에게 어렵고 알 수 없는 것들에서 천사에게 설명을 구했다. 천사들이 이제 하늘에서 우리의 질문에 답하러 보내지는 것은 아니다. 그러나 겸손하게 진실한 바람으로 하나님께 구하는 자는 유익 없이는 있지 않을 것이다. 하나님이 자신의 사역자들을 통해 우리에게 모호하고 어둠으로 가득 찬 것처럼 보이는 것을 분명하게 하실 것이기 때문이다.

그래서 우리가 그분의 말씀에는 분명하지 않은 것이 없음을 알도록. 혹은 그분이 지식과 판단의 영으로 사람들의 섬김에서 부족한 것을 공급하실 것이다. 그리고 이것이 또한 천사가 "이것이 무슨 의미인지 모르느냐?"라고 대답하는 이유다. 그가 스가랴를 무지로 책망하는 것이 아니라, 오히려 모든 신실한 자들에게 스스로를 재촉하고, 모든 열심을 배우는 데 발휘하라고 상기시킨다. 게으름이 그들에게 길을 닫지 않도록.

그러므로 천사의 이 대답은 우리 모두에게 속한다. "이것이 무슨 의미인지 모르느냐?" 우리가 일반적인 것으로 여기는 것들이 우리의 생각을 훨씬 능가한다는 것을 기억해야 한다. 어떤 이가 성경의 많은 부분을 읽고 분명하고 잘 알려진 것 외에는 읽지 않는다고 생각하는 일이 자주 있다. 그러나 우리가 너무 많은 자기 신뢰로 팽창되어 있음을 경험이 가르쳐 준다. 우리가 마땅히 경외심으로 예배되어야 할 교훈을 마치 높은 곳에서 내려다보듯 하기 때문이다.

원주석

14절 카드 ↗

I come now to the answers of the angel, These are the two sons of oil . Some understand by the two sons of oil a king and a priest; but this is by no means suitable. There is no doubt but that he calls the perpetual flowing the two sons of oil; as though he had said, that it could not possibly be that the grace of God should ever fail to preserve the Church, as God possesses all abundance, and bids his grace so to flow, as that its abundance should never be diminished. He therefore says, that they stand with the Lord of the whole earth : for על , ol , sometimes means with, and sometimes concerning; but I prefer taking its simple meaning; therefore, stand do the sons of oil with the Lord. Some render, “nigh the Lord,” but improperly; for they pervert the Prophet’s meaning, inasmuch as the angel means that these two sons of oil stood with God, as though he had said, that there is such fullness of grace in God, that it could never be exhausted. Though then the oil flowed, it would yet be sufficient to replenish the seven lamps, that is, fully; so that God would raise up his Church, preserve it safe, and lead it to the highest perfection. Hence God is not so poor but that he can continually supply as much grace as will be sufficient for the preservation of his Church. How so? because there are two sons of oil, that is, two continual flowing from him, so that the faithful shall really find, that when they are enriched by the gifts of God, they are in no danger of being in want. This is the meaning. return to ' Top of Page ' Zechariah Zec 3 Zechariah Zec Zechariah Zec 5 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Zechariah 4". 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Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-4-14

Source

이제 천사의 답변으로 나아간다. "이는 기름 발리운 자 둘이라." 어떤 이들은 기름 발리운 두 자를 왕과 제사장으로 이해한다. 그러나 이것은 결코 적절하지 않다. 그가 영구적인 흐름을 기름 발리운 두 자라고 부른다는 것은 의심할 여지가 없다. 마치 그가 하나님의 은혜가 결코 교회를 보존하는 데 실패할 수 없다고 말하는 것처럼. 하나님이 모든 풍성함을 소유하시고, 자신의 은혜가 그 풍성함이 결코 감소하지 않도록 흘러가게 하시기 때문이다.

그러므로 그는 그들이 온 땅의 주 앞에 선다고 말한다. "온 세상의 주 앞에 서 있는 것은," 온 땅의 주 앞에 기름 발리운 자들이 서 있다는 것이다. 어떤 이들은 "주 가까이"라고 번역하지만, 부적절하다. 그들이 선지자의 의미를 왜곡하기 때문이다. 천사는 이 기름 발리운 두 자가 하나님과 함께 섰다고 말한다. 마치 그분 안에 은혜의 충만함이 있어서 결코 소진될 수 없다고 말하는 것처럼. 그러므로 비록 기름이 흘러도, 일곱 등잔을, 즉 충분히 채우기에 충분할 것이다. 그래서 하나님이 자신의 교회를 일으키시고, 안전하게 보존하시며, 가장 높은 완전함으로 이끄실 것이다.

그러므로 하나님은 자신의 교회를 보존하기에 충분한 만큼의 은혜를 계속 공급하기에 너무 가난하지 않으시다. 어째서인가? 두 기름 아들들, 즉 그분으로부터의 두 지속적인 흐름이 있기 때문이다. 그래서 신실한 자들은 실제로 하나님의 선물들로 부요하게 될 때 궁핍할 위험이 없다는 것을 알게 될 것이다.

원주석

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