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주석[칼빈]스가랴 › 12장

주석[칼빈] — 스가랴 12장 · 예루살렘 구원 예언

요약
칼빈 주석 · 섹션 14개 · 한국어 번역 있음(한국어 우선) · 본문 보기
아래 주석은 원문(및 번역문) 그대로입니다.

1절 카드 ↗

The inscription seems not to agree with what follows, for he does not denounce any evil on the chosen people in this chapter, but, on the contrary, comforts the miserable, and promises that God would provide for the safety of his Church. Since then Zechariah speaks only of God’s favor and aid, he seems to have mentioned burden here improperly or unreasonably; for משא , mesha , we know, is rightly to be taken for a threatening prophecy. It might indeed be said, that he promises that God would so deliver his Church as to teach it at the same time that it would be subject to many evils and trials: but I rather think that the Prophet’s design was different, even to show that the Israelites, who had preferred exile to God’s favor, would be punished for their sloth and ingratitude, because it was through their own fault that they were not again united in one body, and that they did not rightly worship God in their own country. Interpreters have heedlessly passed over this, as though it had nothing to do with the subject: but except this be borne in mind, what is read in this chapter will be altogether without meaning. I therefore consider that the Prophet here reproves those Israelites who had rejected what they had long desired, when it was offered to them from above and beyond all hope: for nothing was so much wished for by them as a free return to their own country; and we also see how ardently all the Prophets had prayed for restoration. As then the Israelites, given to ease, and pleasures, and their worldly advantages, had counted as nothing the permission given them to return, that they might again be gathered under God’s protection, it was a base ingratitude. Hence the Prophet here reproves them, and shows that their success would be far otherwise than they imagined. We must also observe, that those who were dispersed in different parts, were retained by their torpidity, because they did not think that the state of the people would continue; for they saw, as they had before found, that Judea was surrounded by inveterate enemies, and also that they would not be a people sufficiently strong to repel the assaults of those around them; for they had already been accustomed to bear all things, and though they might have had some courage, they had completely lost it, having been oppressed by so long a servitude. Since then the ten tribes entertained these ideas, they did not avail themselves of the present kindness of God. Thus it was, that they wholly alienated themselves from the Church of God, and renounced as it were of their own accord that covenant, on which was founded the hope of eternal salvation. (151) What then does Zechariah teach us in this chapter? Even that God would be the guardian of Jerusalem, to defend it against all violence, and that though it might be surrounded by nations for the purpose of assailing it, he would not yet suffer it to be overcome: and we shall see that many other things are stated here; but it is enough to touch now on the main point, that God would not forsake that small company and the weak and feeble remnant; and that however inferior the Jews might be to their enemies, yet the power of God alone would be sufficient to defend and keep them. If it be then now asked, why the Prophet calls the word he received a burden on Israel? The answer is plainly this, that the Israelites were now as it were rotting among foreign nations without any hope of deliverance, having refused to be gathered under God’s protection, though he had kindly and graciously invited them all to return. Since then God had effected nothing, by stretching forth his hands, being ready to embrace them again, this was the reason for the burden of which Zechariah speaks; for they would be touched with grief and with envy when they saw their brethren protected by God’s aid, and that they themselves were without any hope of deliverance. In short, there is an implied contrast between the ten tribes and the house of Judah; and this is evident from the context. Having now ascertained the Prophet’s design, we shall proceed to the words. The burden , he says, of the word of Jehovah on Israel: Say does Jehovah who expanded the heavens , etc. Zechariah thus exalts God in order to confirm the authority of this prophecy; for no doubt the creation of heaven and earth and of man is here mentioned on account of what is here announced. We have elsewhere seen similar declarations; for when anything is said difficult to be believed, what is promised will have no effect on us, except the infinite power of God be brought to our minds. God then, that he may gain credit to his promises, bids us to raise up our eyes to the heavens and carefully to consider his wonderful workmanship, and also to turn our eyes down to the earth, where also his ineffable power is apparent; and, in the third place, he calls our attention to the consideration of our own nature. Since then what Zechariah says could hardly be believed, he prescribes to the Jews the best remedy — they were to raise upwards their eyes, and then to turn them to the earth. The expanse of the heavens constrains us to admire him; for however stupid we may be, we cannot look on the sun, and the moon and stars, and on the whole bright expanse above, without some and even strong emotions of fear and of reverence. Since then God exceeds all that men can comprehend in the very creation of the world, what should hinder us from believing even that which seems to us in no way probable? for it is not meet for us to measure God’s works by what we can understand, for we cannot comprehend, no, not even the hundredth part of them, however attentively we may apply all the powers of our minds. Nor is it yet a small matter when he adds, that God had formed the spirit of man ; for we know that we live; the body of itself would be without any strength or motion, were it not endued with life; and the soul which animates the body is invisible. Since then experience proves to us

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-12-1

Source

표제가 이어지는 내용과 일치하지 않는 것처럼 보인다. 선지자는 이 장에서 선택된 백성에게 어떤 악도 선포하지 않고, 오히려 비참한 자들을 위로하며 하나님께서 자기 교회의 안전을 보장해 주실 것을 약속하기 때문이다. 스가랴가 오직 하나님의 은혜와 도움에 대해서만 말하므로, 그가 여기서 짐이라는 말을 사용한 것은 부적절하거나 이치에 맞지 않는 것처럼 보인다. 우리는 משא가 위협적인 예언을 나타내는 데 올바르게 사용된다는 것을 안다.

그러나 나는 선지자의 의도가 달랐다고 생각한다 — 즉, 하나님의 은혜 대신에 포로 생활을 선호했던 이스라엘 사람들이 자신들의 태만과 배은망덕으로 인해 벌을 받을 것이라는 것을 보이려는 것이었다. 그들 자신의 잘못으로 다시 하나로 합쳐지지 못하고, 자국에서 하나님을 바르게 예배하지 못했기 때문이다. 해석자들은 이 점을 부주의하게 지나쳐왔는데, 마치 주제와 아무 관련이 없는 것처럼 여겼다. 그러나 이것을 기억하지 않으면 이 장에서 읽은 것은 전혀 의미가 없어진다.

따라서 나는 선지자가 여기서 위로부터, 모든 소망을 넘어서 제공되었을 때 오랫동안 바라던 것을 거절한 이스라엘 사람들을 꾸짖고 있다고 생각한다. 그들이 이처럼 간절히 바란 것은 자국으로의 자유로운 귀환이었기 때문이다. 그런데 안락함과 쾌락과 세상적 이익에 마음을 빼앗긴 이스라엘 사람들은 다시 하나님의 보호 아래 모이기 위한 귀환 허락을 아무것도 아닌 것으로 여겼으니, 이것은 비열한 배은망덕이었다.

그러므로 선지자는 여기서 그들을 꾸짖으며, 그들의 성공이 그들이 상상했던 것과 전혀 다를 것임을 보인다. 또한 여러 곳에 흩어진 자들이 자신들의 게으름으로 인해 붙들려 있었음도 주목해야 한다. 왜냐하면 그들은 백성의 상태가 계속될 것이라고 생각하지 않았기 때문이다. 그들은 유대가 오랜 원수들로 둘러싸여 있음을 보았고, 또한 자신들이 주변 사람들의 공격을 막을 만큼 강한 백성이 되지 못할 것이라는 것도 보았다. 그들은 이미 모든 것을 참는 데 익숙해졌고, 용기가 있었을지라도 그토록 오랜 종살이에 억눌려 완전히 잃어버렸기 때문이다.

그러므로 스가랴는 이 장에서 무엇을 가르치는가? 하나님께서 예루살렘의 수호자가 되셔서 모든 폭력으로부터 지키시고, 여러 민족들이 공격하기 위해 포위할지라도 무너지게 하지 않으실 것이라는 것이다. 하나님께서 그 작은 무리와 약하고 연약한 남은 자들을 버리지 않으실 것이며, 유대인들이 원수들보다 아무리 열세일지라도 하나님의 권능만으로도 그들을 보호하고 지키기에 충분하다는 것이다.

선지자가 받은 말씀을 왜 이스라엘에 대한 짐이라고 부르는가? 대답은 분명히 이러하다 — 이스라엘 사람들이 이제 외국 민족들 가운데서 어떤 구원의 소망도 없이 썩어 가고 있었다는 것이다. 하나님께서 그들을 다시 품으시기를 준비하시고 손을 내미셨어도 아무런 효과를 거두시지 못하셨기 때문이다.

말씀하신다. 그 짐은 이스라엘에 관한 여호와의 말씀이라. 하늘을 펼치신 여호와께서 말씀하신다. 스가랴는 이렇게 하나님을 드높임으로써 이 예언의 권위를 확인한다. 의심할 바 없이 천지와 사람의 창조가 여기서 선포되는 것 때문에 여기서 언급된다. 우리는 다른 곳에서도 이와 유사한 선언들을 보았다. 믿기 어려운 일이 말해질 때, 하나님의 무한한 능력이 우리 마음에 떠오르지 않으면 약속은 우리에게 아무런 효과가 없을 것이다. 그러므로 하나님께서는 자신의 약속들이 신뢰를 얻으시기 위해, 우리에게 눈을 들어 하늘을 바라보고 그분의 놀라운 솜씨를 주의 깊게 살피도록 명하신다. 또한 눈을 땅으로 내려도 그분의 형언할 수 없는 능력이 나타나 있음을 보게 하신다.

원주석

2절 카드 ↗

Zechariah begins here to teach us what I have briefly explained, that Jerusalem would be under the protection of God, who would render it safe and secure against all enemies. But he uses here figurative terms, which make the point more evident. He says, that Jerusalem would be a threshold of bruising , or breaking. The word סף , saph , means a threshold almost everywhere in Scripture. But some think that it means here a cup, and then they translate רעל , rol , drunkenness, or fury. But as this word also means breaking, it is not unsuitable to say that Jerusalem is here called a threshold at which people stumble, so that he who comes against this threshold either breaks a bone or receives some other injury. At the same time the Prophet seems to express something more, that whosoever ascended to attack Jerusalem would meet with a stumbling block, by which he might have his legs broken or bruised. The meaning then is, that access to Jerusalem would be closed up, so that enemies would not overcome it, though they reached the walls and the gates, for they would stumble, as it is said, at the threshold. If the other rendering be approved, the sense would be suitable, — that all the ungodly, while devising schemes against God’s Church, would be inebriated by their own counsels; yea, that their drink would be deadly to them: for the passions of men produce effects like drunkenness. When therefore the ungodly gather their forces against the Church, it is the same as though they were greedily swallowing down wine; for the drunken meet together to indulge in excesses. The meaning then would be, — that this immoderate drinking would be fatal to the nations. But I prefer the former view, — that though the gates of the holy city were open, or even an easy access were made through the walls, yet God would on every side be a defense, so that enemies would stumble, as we have said, at the very threshold and bruise themselves. And this promise was very necessary then, for Jerusalem was exposed to the assaults of all, as it could not have defended itself by moats or walls or mounds: but the Lord here promises that it would be a threshold of bruising He then adds, Also against Judah , or over Judah , it shall be during the siege against Jerusalem . The Prophet, as I think, extends the promise to the whole land, as though he had said, “Though the compass of Jerusalem should not contain all the inhabitants, yet they shall be everywhere safe; for God will take them under his protection.” I wonder why some interpreters have omitted the preposition על , ol, and have translated thus, “Judah also shall be in the siege against Jerusalem:” and they elicit a meaning wholly different, even that some of the Jews themselves would become perfidious, who would not spare their brethren and friends, but become hostile to them, and unite their forces to those of heathen nations. But I consider the meaning to be the reverse of this, — that when Jerusalem shall be besieged, the Lord will put impediments everywhere, which will hinder and prevent the assaults of enemies. When God, he says, shall defend the holy city, even this very thing, (for I apply this phrase to God’s protection,) even this very thing shall be through the whole land; as though he had said, “God will not only be the guardian of the city alone, but also of the whole of the holy land.” (153) Now this must have sharply goaded the Israelites, seeing that they were excluded from having God’s aid, inasmuch asthey had not thought proper to return to their own country when liberty was freely given them. It follows — (153) This has been found a difficult verse. The former part, as given in our version, “I will make Jerusalem a cup of trembling,” etc., has been adopted by most, Drusius , Grotius , Marckius , Newcome , and Henderson , only some of them adopt “intoxication” instead of “trembling.” The word [ סף ] means both a threshold and a bowl or a cup. The Septuagint have taken the former sense, and the Targum the latter: but as [ רעל ] means shaking, trembling, confusion, occasioned by inebriety, it is more consistent to take the latter sense. The latter part cannot certainly be construed according to our version, which is that of Piscator . Newcome’s rendering is literal, and according to the sense given by Jerome , Drusius , Castalio , Grotius , and Marckius ; and it is the following — And for Judah shall it (the cup) be, In the siege against Jerusalem. This implies that Judah would turn traitorous to Jerusalem. It is somewhat singular that many MSS. read “shall be” in the feminine gender, [ תהיה ], and [ סף ], when it means a cup or bowl, is of that gender. Dathius proposes another view. He takes [ מצור ] agreeably to the Septuagint , [ περιοχη ], in the sense of a fortress, stronghold, or defense; and then the version would be, And also with regard to Judah, He will be for a defense to Jerusalem. But the most natural and obvious meaning is the previous one. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-12-2

Source

스가랴는 여기서 내가 간략히 설명한 것을 가르치기 시작한다 — 예루살렘이 하나님의 보호 아래 있어 모든 원수들로부터 안전하고 견고하게 될 것이라는 것이다. 그러나 그는 비유적 표현을 사용하는데, 이것이 요점을 더 분명하게 한다. 그는 예루살렘이 부서짐, 혹은 깨짐의 문지방이 될 것이라고 말한다. 다른 한편으로는 잔으로 읽히기도 하며 이 경우 취함이나 혼란으로 번역한다. 어느 쪽이든 의미는 적합하다 — 하나님의 교회를 거슬러 계략을 꾸미는 모든 악인들이 자신들의 모의로 말미암아 취할 것이라는 것이다. 그들의 음료는 그들에게 치명적일 것이다. 사람들의 격정은 취함과 같은 효과를 낳기 때문이다. 따라서 악인들이 교회를 거슬러 군대를 모을 때, 그것은 마치 그들이 게걸스럽게 포도주를 마시는 것과 같다.

나는 전자의 견해를 선호한다 — 성도(聖都)의 성문이 열려 있거나 성벽을 통해 쉽게 접근할 수 있을지라도, 하나님께서 사방에서 방어막이 되셔서 원수들이 바로 그 문지방에서 걸려 넘어지고 상처를 입을 것이라는 것이다. 그러고 나서 그는 덧붙인다. 유대에 대해서도, 예루살렘에 대한 포위 중에 그러할 것이라. 선지자는 내 생각에 이 약속을 온 땅으로 확대하는 것 같다. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것 같다. "예루살렘의 구역이 모든 주민을 수용하지 못할지라도, 그들은 어디서나 안전할 것이다. 하나님께서 그들을 자신의 보호 아래 두실 것이기 때문이다."

원주석

3절 카드 ↗

Zechariah adds here another metaphor, which is very apposite; for when the ungodly made war against the holy city, the object was not to reduce it only to subjection, or to impose a tribute or a tax, or simply to rule over it, — what then? to cut it off entirely and obliterate its name. Since then such a cruelty would instigate enemies to assail the holy city, the Prophet here interposes and declares that it would be to them a most burdensome stone. He thus compares the enemies of Jerusalem to a man who attempts to take up a stone when he is too weak to do so. He then injures his own strength; for when a man tries to do what is too much for him, he loosens some of his joints, or breaks his sinews. The Prophet then means, that though many nations conspired against Jerusalem, and made every effort to overthrow it, they should yet at length find it to be a weight far too heavy for them: they should therefore break or lacerate their own arms, for their sinews would be broken by over-exertion. (154) Some explain the last clause more frigidly, “In tearing he will be torn,” as when any one takes up a rough stone, he tears his own hands. But the Prophet, I have no doubt, meant to set forth something more serious; and each clause would thus correspond much better; for as we have said, the object of the ungodly was to remove Jerusalem, so as not to leave a stone upon a stone: but God declares here that it would be too heavy a burden, so that they would find their own strength broken in attempting inconsiderately to remove what could not be transferred from its own place. Now the reason for this prophecy is, because God was the founder of Jerusalem, as it is said, “Its foundations are in the holy mountains, love does the Lord the gates of Sion,” ( Psalms 87:1 ;) and again it is said, “Jehovah in the midst of her, she shall not be moved.” ( Psalms 46:5 .) We must also remember what we have observed in the last verse: for though the heavens are in continual motion, they yet retain their positions, and do not fall into disorder; but were the heavens and the earth blended together, still Jerusalem, founded by God’s hand and exempt from the common lot of men, and whose condition was peculiar, would remain firm and unchangeable. We hence see why the Prophet says, that there would be no other issue to the ungodly, while attempting to overthrow Jerusalem, than to wound and tear themselves. He then adds, And assemble against them shall all nations . This, as we have said, was added in order to show, that though enemies flocked together from every quarter, God would yet be superior to them. This clause then contains an amplification, to encourage the faithful to continue in their hope with invincible constancy, though they saw themselves surrounded by hosts of enemies. It afterwards follows — (154) Literally it is, — All her lifters, cut they shall be cut, or , wounded they shall be wounded. The whole verse is as follows, — And it shall be in that day, That I will make Jerusalem A burdensome stone to all nations; All her lifters, wounded they shall be wounded, When gathered against her Shall be all the people of the land. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-12-3

Source

스가랴는 여기서 또 다른 비유를 덧붙이는데, 매우 적절하다. 악인들이 성도를 공격할 때 그 목적은 단순히 복종시키거나 공물을 받거나 지배하려는 것만이 아니었다 — 그렇다면 무엇인가? 완전히 끊어버리고 그 이름을 지우려는 것이었다. 따라서 선지자는 여기서 개입하여 그것이 그들에게 가장 무거운 돌이 될 것이라고 선포한다.

이로써 그는 예루살렘의 원수들을 들어 올리기에 너무 약한 사람에 비교한다. 그렇게 하면 자신의 힘을 다치게 한다. 사람이 자기에게 너무 무거운 것을 하려 할 때, 관절이 빠지거나 힘줄이 끊어지기 때문이다. 선지자의 의미는 이러하다 — 많은 민족들이 예루살렘을 대적하여 모의하고 무너뜨리기 위해 모든 노력을 다할지라도, 결국 그것이 그들에게는 너무 무거운 짐임을 발견하게 될 것이라는 것이다. 그러므로 그들은 자신들의 팔을 부러뜨리거나 찢게 될 것이다. 힘줄이 과도한 노력으로 끊어질 것이기 때문이다.

이 예언의 이유는 하나님께서 예루살렘의 창설자이시기 때문이다. 시편 87:1에서 말씀하시길, "그 기초가 성산들 위에 있음이로다, 여호와께서 시온의 문들을 사랑하시는도다." 또 시편 46:5에서는 "하나님이 그 성 중에 계시매 성이 흔들리지 아니할 것이라"고 하신다. 그러므로 선지자는, 예루살렘을 무너뜨리려는 악인들에게 이것 외에 다른 결말이 없을 것이라고 말한다 — 그들 자신을 다치고 찢는 것. 그러고 나서 그는 덧붙인다. 그들을 거슬러 모든 민족들이 모일 것이라고. 이것은 비록 원수들이 사방에서 모여들지라도 하나님께서 그들보다 우월하실 것임을 보이기 위해 덧붙여졌다.

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He pursues here the same subject, but in other words, — that multiplicity of means is in God’s hand, by which he can drive away and break down the fury of enemies. By the words horse and its rider , the Prophet, stating a part for the whole, means whatever is strong, and intimates that it can be easily overcome by divine power He says first, I will smite every horse with stupor (155) Military strength, we know, is in horses and horsemen; but he says that the horses would be stunned, and the horsemen seized as it were with madness, so that they would destroy themselves, and could do no harm to the Church. He then confirms what he said before — that though the whole world conspired against the Church, there would yet be sufficient power in God to repel and check all their assaults and he mentions stupor, madness, and blindness, that the faithful might know that God can by hidden means either destroy or put to flight all their enemies. Though then God fights not with drawn swords, nor uses the common mode of warfare, yet the Prophet says, that he is prepared with other means to lay prostrate their enemies; for even the most powerful in the world cannot proceed so far as to confound their enemies by blindness and madness; but the Prophet here shows, that though no way appears to us by which God may deliver us, we are yet to entertain firm hope, for he can by his breath destroy all enemies, as he can render then blind, and take from them understanding, and wisdom, and strength. Then he adds, I will open mine eyes on the house of Judah . A reason is here given why all enemies would be smitten with stupor and madness, because the Lord would have a regard for his Church; for to open the eyes means the same thing as to have a care for a thing. It had seemed good to God to neglect his people for a time, and this neglect was as it were an oblivion. Hence the saints often complain “How longs wilt thou sleep! how long wilt thou close thine eyes! Look down, O Lord, and see.” So in this place Zechariah means that God would yet care for his people, so as to subdue their enemies. We may hence learn a useful doctrine — that, in the first place, there is nothing better for us than to be gathered under the shadow of God’s protection, however destitute of any fortress the Church may be, yea, were she to have innumerable enemies hostile to her, and to be without any strength to resist them. Though then the Church were thus grievously tried, and be in the midst of many dangers, and exposed even to death, let us learn from this passage that those are miserable indeed who through fear or cowardice separate themselves from her, and that they who call on God, and cast on him the care of their safety, shall be made blessed, though the whole world were mad against them, though the weapons of all nations were prepared for their ruin, and horses and horsemen were assembled to overwhelm them; for the defense of God is a sufficient protection to his Church. This is one thing. Then let us learn to exercise our faith, when God seems to cast us as it were between the teeth of wolves; for though he may not afford any visible aid, yet he knows how to deliver us, and possesses hidden means of help, which we may not perceive, because his purpose is to try our faith and our patience. And lastly, let us learn, that when God connives at our miseries, as though he had forgotten us, yet our hope, founded on him, can never be disappointed; for if we abide among his flock, he will at length open his eyes upon us, he will really show that he cares for our safety. It now follows — (155) “With astonishing astonishment,” Newcome ; “with consternation,” Henderson ; rather, “with stunness” or “stupefaction,” a word more suitable to horses. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"

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그는 같은 주제를 다른 말로 계속한다 — 원수들의 분노를 몰아내고 무너뜨릴 수 있는 많은 수단들이 하나님의 손에 있다는 것이다. 말과 그 탄 자라는 말로써, 선지자는 부분으로 전체를 나타내어 강한 모든 것을 의미하며, 그것이 신적 능력으로 쉽게 극복될 수 있음을 암시한다. 그는 먼저 말한다. 내가 모든 말을 어리석음으로 칠 것이라. 군사력은 말과 기마병에 있음을 우리는 안다. 그러나 그는 말들이 멍하게 되고 기마병들은 마치 광기에 사로잡혀 스스로를 파괴하고 교회에 아무런 해도 끼치지 못할 것이라고 말한다.

그러고 나서 그는 앞서 말한 것을 확인한다 — 비록 온 세상이 교회를 거슬러 공모할지라도, 하나님 안에 그들의 모든 공격을 물리치고 제압할 충분한 능력이 있을 것이라고. 그는 어리석음과 광기와 눈멂을 언급하는데, 신실한 자들로 하여금 하나님께서 숨겨진 수단으로 모든 원수들을 멸하거나 도망치게 하실 수 있음을 알게 하려는 것이다. 비록 하나님께서 빼어 든 칼로 싸우지 않으시거나 통상적인 전쟁 방식을 사용하지 않으실지라도, 선지자는 그분이 원수들을 쓰러뜨릴 다른 수단들을 갖추고 계신다고 말한다. 세상에서 가장 강력한 자들도 원수들을 눈멂과 광기로 혼란에 빠뜨리는 데까지는 이르지 못한다.

그러고 나서 그는 덧붙인다. 내가 유다 집에 내 눈을 열 것이라. 여기서 모든 원수들이 어리석음과 광기로 칠 것인 이유가 주어진다. 주께서 자기 교회를 돌아보실 것이기 때문이다. 눈을 연다는 것은 어떤 것에 관심을 갖는다는 것과 같은 의미이다. 하나님께서 잠시 자기 백성을 무시하시는 것이 그분의 기쁨이셨는데, 이 무시는 망각과 같았다. 따라서 성도들은 종종 탄식하기를, "얼마나 오래 주무실 것입니까? 얼마나 오래 눈을 감으실 것입니까? 굽어보시옵소서, 주여, 보소서." 따라서 이곳에서 스가랴는 하나님께서 여전히 자기 백성을 돌아보사 원수들을 굴복시키실 것을 의미한다.

이로부터 우리는 유익한 교훈을 배울 수 있다 — 우선, 하나님의 보호의 그늘 아래 모이는 것보다 우리에게 더 좋은 것이 없다는 것이다. 비록 교회에 어떤 요새도 없을지라도, 심지어 무수한 원수들이 적대적이고 그들을 저항할 힘도 없을지라도. 그러므로 교회가 이처럼 심하게 시련을 당하고, 많은 위험 가운데 있고, 죽음에까지 노출될지라도, 두려움이나 비겁함으로 교회에서 분리되는 자들은 참으로 비참하다는 것을 이 구절에서 배우자. 그리고 하나님을 부르며 자신의 안전에 대한 돌봄을 그분께 맡기는 자들은 복을 받을 것이다.

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He still continues the same subject — that however small and feeble the flock of God would be, it would yet have sufficient strength; for the Lord would stand on the side of those who fled to him. Though then Jerusalem was not as yet filled with citizens, and though there was but one city, yet Zechariah testifies that its strength would be invincible; but he speaks of the chiefs of Judah comparatively. Formerly, we know, it had a great number of men, and great armies were raised from that one tribe and the half tribe of Benjamin. Though then there were formerly many provinces, though the country was full of populous towns, yet almost Jerusalem alone had then begun to be inhabited: but the Prophet says here, that though the whole Church was gathered within the narrow bounds of one city, it would yet have sufficient strength to resist all the attacks of enemies. Say then shall the chiefs of Judah ; that is, though formerly the governors or commanders of thousands had forces in their several towns, yet now all would look to one city; for the land was nearly forsaken and without inhabitants; at the same time they were to entertain hope, for their strength was to be in the Lord. Some insert a conjunction, “Strength will be to me and to the citizens of Jerusalem;” but they pervert the meaning; for the Prophet meant to say in one sentence what I have stated — that the eyes of all would be directed to one city only, and that yet there would be sufficient ground for hope and confidence, for they would become strong, not in themselves, but in their God. There is a change of number, when he says, a strength to me, for he had spoken of chiefs; it ought then to have been לנו , lanu , to us. But he now introduces each of them as speaking, as though he had said, “No one of the chiefs shall look to his own land, but, on the contrary, direct his eyes to the holy city, and be content with the defense of a few men.” Hence he says, In Jehovah of hosts, their God ; for he means that God would be then the protector of that people whom he had for a time forsaken. And he calls him again the Jehovah of hosts, in order to set forth his invincible power, lest the minds of the godly should fail through fear, on seeing themselves far unequal to their enemies. (156) It follows — (156) There is something unsatisfactory in the usual rendering of this verse. The words “shall say in their heart,” seem rather singular in this connection. There is one MS. which connects the preposition [ ל ] with “the inhabitants,” and this reading is countenanced by the Targum . Then the version would be, — And say will the chiefs of Judah in their heart, — “Strength be to the inhabitants of Jerusalem Through Jehovah of hosts, their God.” To stay in the heart is to pray, to utter a secret prayer; and the prayer is stated in the following lines. This was to show that there would be discord or emulation between Judah, the people of the country, and the city Jerusalem. And in the following verses we find both mentioned, as liable to envy, especially in verse 7. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"

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그는 여전히 같은 주제를 계속한다 — 하나님의 양 떼가 아무리 작고 연약할지라도, 충분한 힘을 가질 것이라는 것이다. 주께서 그분께 피하는 자들의 편에 서실 것이기 때문이다. 비록 예루살렘이 아직 시민들로 가득 차지 않았고, 단지 하나의 도성밖에 없었을지라도, 스가랴는 그 힘이 무적일 것임을 증언한다. 그러나 그는 유다의 지도자들에 대해 비교적으로 말한다.

유다의 지도자들이 말할 것이라. 즉, 비록 예전에는 각 성읍마다 천부장들과 지휘관들이 있었을지라도, 이제는 모두가 하나의 도성을 바라볼 것이다. 그 땅이 거의 버려지고 주민이 없는 것이나 다름없었기 때문이다. 그럼에도 그들은 소망을 품어야 했다. 그들의 힘이 주 안에 있어야 했기 때문이다. 어떤 이들은 접속사를 삽입하여 "힘이 내게와 예루살렘 주민에게 있으리로다"라고 하지만, 이는 의미를 왜곡한다. 선지자는 한 문장으로 내가 말한 것을 표현하려 했기 때문이다 — 모든 이들의 눈이 오직 하나의 도성을 향하게 될 것이고, 그럼에도 소망과 확신의 충분한 근거가 있을 것이라는 것이다. 그들이 자신 안에서가 아니라 자신들의 하나님 안에서 강하게 될 것이기 때문이다.

그는 만군의 여호와, 그들의 하나님 안에서라고 말한다. 하나님께서 잠시 버리셨던 그 백성의 보호자가 되실 것임을 의미한다. 그리고 그는 다시 그분을 만군의 여호와라고 부른다. 원수들 앞에 자신들이 열세임을 보고 신실한 자들의 마음이 두려움으로 약해지지 않도록, 그분의 무적의 능력을 드높이기 위해서이다.

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He adds another metaphor for the sake of a further confirmation; for he says, that the chiefs of Judah would be like a melting pot: some render it a hearth, but improperly and without meaning. He afterwards compares them to a flaming torch , and heathen nations to wood and stubble or chaff. The Spirit speaks thus also in other places; and the reason is to be noticed; for when the ungodly assail the Church of God, all things seem to threaten its ruin; but God declares that they shall be like chaff or wood. “The house of Israel,” says Isaiah, “shall be a flaming fire, and shall consume all the wood of the forest:” so also in this place, “There shall be indeed a great host of enemies, assembled against Israel; but the Lord will consume them, for he will be like fire in the midst of his people, and his people also shall be through the secret power of the Spirit like a burning pot or a torch, which shall consume the chaff, in which there is nothing substantial.” But the Prophet shows again that the deliverance of the Church is ever wonderful: and hence foolishly do they act who rely on human and earthly instrumentality, and wilfully bind God to their own ways; for whenever God promises to be their deliverer, their inquiry is, “But how can this be? whence will come this aid to us? how will the hand of the Lord be stretched forth to us? whence will he gather his army?” Inasmuch then as we are wont thus anxiously to inquire, and thus drive away from us the aid of God, let this truth, taught by the Prophet, be borne in mind, — that though enemies in great numbers may come upon us, they shall yet be like a heap of wood, and we like fire; for though we have no strength, yet the Lord by his hidden favor will cause that our enemies shall even, by coming nigh us, be consumed. To the same purpose is the next similitude, — that they would be a torch in handfuls of chaff ; for here also the singular number is used for the plural. Then follows an explanation, Consume shall they on the right hand, and on the left, all nations around . Zechariah seems here to ascribe an insatiable cruelty, and a revengeful passion to the faithful, who yet are to be influenced by a meek spirit, so that they may imitate their heavenly Father. But here he speaks not of their disposition and feeling, but only shows, that all the ungodly shall be frustrated in their expectation of success, and not only so, but that they shall also be destroyed. The more furiously then they assail the Church, the more sudden shall be their destruction; for though the faithful may wish to spare them, yet God, the righteous judge, will not spare them. In short, the work of God himself, as in other places, is ascribed to the Church. In the last place he declares, that Jerusalem shall stand in its own place, where it was . There is here a sort of repetition; and it was made, because enemies thought, as we have already stated, that they could destroy Jerusalem so as wholly to obliterate it: but the Prophet on the other hand says, that it would be established in its own place, because God had chosen it as the place where he purposed to be worshipped, and he had chosen it, as it is often said by Moses, to commemorate his own name. In a word, he intimates, that the Church would be perpetually established: though all mortals conspired for its ruin and assailed it on every side, yet the sanctuary of God, as he had promised, would continue there still, even to the advent of Christ; for then, we know, Jerusalem was to be wholly destroyed, together with the temple, as an end was to come on all these things, and the world was to be renewed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"

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그는 더 확인하기 위해 또 다른 비유를 덧붙인다. 유다의 지도자들이 화로처럼 될 것이라고 말한다. 그러고 나서 그들을 불꽃 횃불에, 이방 민족들을 나무와 짚이나 쭉정이에 비교한다. 성령은 다른 곳에서도 이렇게 말씀하신다. 그 이유를 주목해야 한다. 악인들이 하나님의 교회를 공격할 때 모든 것이 그 멸망을 위협하는 것처럼 보인다. 그러나 하나님께서는 그들이 마치 짚이나 나무 같을 것이라고 선포하신다.

선지자는 다시 교회의 구원이 항상 놀랍다는 것을 보인다. 그러므로 인간적이고 지상적인 도구에 의존하고 하나님을 자신의 방식에 의도적으로 묶으려는 자들은 어리석게 행하는 것이다. 하나님께서 구원자가 되시겠다고 약속하실 때마다, 그들의 물음은 "그러나 이것이 어떻게 될 수 있겠는가? 우리에게 도움은 어디서 오겠는가?"이다. 우리가 이처럼 불안하게 탐구하고 하나님의 도움을 쫓아버리는 경향이 있으므로, 선지자가 가르치는 이 진리를 마음에 새기자 — 비록 원수들이 큰 수로 우리에게 닥쳐올지라도 그들은 나무 더미 같고 우리는 불 같을 것이라는 것을.

이어지는 비유도 같은 목적을 위한다 — 그들이 단묶기 한 짚 가운데서 횃불 같을 것이라는 것. 그러고 나서 설명이 이어진다. 오른쪽과 왼쪽의 모든 민족들을 불살라 버릴 것이라. 예루살렘이 자신의 자리에 굳게 설 것이라고 마지막으로 선포한다. 여기에는 일종의 반복이 있다. 이것은 원수들이 예루살렘을 완전히 지워버릴 수 있다고 생각했기 때문에 이루어진 것이다. 그러나 선지자는 반대로 그것이 자신의 자리에 세워질 것이라고 말한다. 하나님께서 그곳을 자신이 예배를 받으시기로 작정하신 곳으로 선택하셨고, 자신의 이름을 기리기 위한 곳으로 선택하셨기 때문이다. 교회는 영원히 세워질 것이다. 비록 모든 죽을 인간들이 그 멸망을 위해 공모하고 사방에서 공격할지라도.

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The Prophet teaches us again, — that there is no need of helps when God stretches forth his hand to preserve his people; for he is alone abundantly sufficient. And the design of the verse is to show, that the Jews were to learn to acquiesce in God alone, though they might find themselves destitute of every earthly assistance; for when God purposes to save, he needs no help, as we have said; nor does he borrow any, as he by himself is fully sufficient. But by the word, Tabernacles , the Prophet means, as I think, sheds, such as afforded but partial protection. It is indeed true that tents are called סחות , sachut , in Hebrew; but the same is often meant by the אעלים , aelim , tents, which afforded a temporary accommodation; for they were not strongly built, as it is evident from many passages. I allow that all houses without any difference are sometimes called tabernacles, אהלים , aelim ; but the word properly signifies a tent, built as a temporary convenience; for it is said that the fathers dwelt in tents, when they had no fixed habitation. Let us now see why the Prophet speaks of tents. He may have alluded to their dwelling in the wilderness; but as this may seem too remote, I consider that he simply refers to the tents in which the Jews dwelt when they had entered the land, after their deliverance from Egypt; for they must have been wonderfully protected by the hand of God, inasmuch as they had provoked all their neighbors and kindled the hatred of all against themselves. There were indeed some fortified cities; but for the most part they lived in villages, and the greatest part of the people were no doubt satisfied with their tents or sheds. Hence as the Israelites then had no defense, the Prophet now reminds them, that they were then protected by God alone, in order that they might believe that they should in future be safe and secure, as God would defend them to the end. There is then here an implied comparison between tents and fortified cities; and the Prophet bids them to consider what their fathers had formerly experienced, for God faithfully defended them, even when they were unprotected and exposed to the attacks of their enemies. He says first, Jehovah will save the tents , etc.; as though he had said, “Know that your fathers were formerly defended by the hand of God, when they did not, as to the greater part of them, dwell in cities, but lived scattered in villages: since God then had been the preserver of his people many ages before a king was made, believe that he will be the same to you hereafter.” But we must yet remember what we said yesterday, — that the Jews who had returned to their country had a promise of God’s help, in order that the Israelites, who were retained by their own sloth in Babylon, might know that they were justly suffering punishment for their ingratitude, because they had not given glory to God, as they ought to have done, by committing themselves to his protection, and thus relying on his defense, so as not to seek other helps from the world: he will then save them, he says, as at the beginning ; for as, the particle of similitude, is to be understood here. (157) He then adds, And hence boast shall not the honor of the house of David and the honor of the citizen of Jerusalem over Judah . This latter clause is added, I think, by way of explanation; and this is evident from the subject itself for God declares, that he would be the protector of the helpless, so that they would be no less victorious than if they possessed many armed soldiers, and were furnished with money and other necessaries to carry on war. For by comparing here the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem with Judah, he has no doubt a regard to this, — that though there was no kingdom and no fortified cities, there would yet be sufficient protection in him alone, so that he could by himself defend the people, though unarmed, and having no swords, nor power, nor any other requisite means. Boast then shall not the house of David : and this seems to have been mentioned designedly, for while they trusted in their own wealth and power, they did not rest on God as they ought to have done. As then the Jews had been elated with vain pride, while the dignity of the kingdom remained, and while they possessed wealth and warlike instruments, God here reproves this false confidence; for the Jews had thus obscured his gratuitous favor. For however great might have been the treasures collected by David and Solomon, and however formidable they might have been to their enemies and the neighboring nations, they ought yet to have relied on the protection of God alone. Since then earthly helps had inflated their minds, God now reproves their vain conceit, and shows that the condition of the people would be no less happy, when no king sat on the throne, and no aids enlisted for the protection of the people; and therefore he declares, that though exposed to all evils, they should yet be safe and secure, for God would defend them. This is the reason why the Prophet says, that the royal posterity would not glory against Judah, though dwelling in tents, nor the citizens of Jerusalem, who were then as it were the courtiers: for as the royal seat was at Jerusalem, a sort of vain boasting was made by all the citizens. As then all of them despised the inhabitants of the country, when the condition of the city was illustrious, the Prophet says, the posterity of David and Jerusalem shall not hereafter glory against the people of Judah, scattered in the open fields. It then follows — (157) So is the rendering of the Septuagint , the Syriac , and the Vulgate , and adopted by Dathius and Newcome . But the Hebrew, as it is, has been adhered to by Drusius , Marckius , and Henderson ; and this is what the context seems to require: for the following words give the reason why the tents of Judah (which mean here the towns and villages of Judah according to Kimchi and to Grotius ) were saved “first,” or at first, o

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선지자는 다시 가르친다 — 하나님께서 자기 백성을 보존하기 위해 손을 펴실 때 도움들이 필요하지 않다는 것이다. 그분 홀로 충분히 넉넉하시기 때문이다. 이 절의 의도는, 유대인들이 모든 지상적 도움이 없음을 발견할지라도 하나님만을 신뢰하는 법을 배워야 한다는 것을 보이는 것이다. 하나님께서 구원하시려 하실 때 그분은 도움이 필요하지 않으시며, 그분은 혼자서도 충분히 넉넉하시기 때문이다.

천막들이라는 말로써 선지자는 내 생각에 오두막, 즉 부분적인 보호만 제공하는 것들을 의미한다. 선지자가 천막들에 대해 말하는 이유를 살펴보자. 그는 광야에서의 거주를 암시했을 수 있다. 그러나 이것이 너무 먼 것처럼 보이므로, 나는 그가 단순히 이집트에서 구원받은 후에 유대인들이 그 땅에 들어왔을 때 살았던 천막들을 가리킨다고 생각한다. 그들이 모든 이웃들을 자극하고 모든 이들의 미움을 불러일으켰으므로, 하나님의 손으로 놀랍게 보호받아야 했기 때문이다.

그러므로 선지자는 이제 그들에게 그들의 조상들이 이전에 경험한 것을 생각하도록 촉구한다 — 하나님께서 그들을 신실하게 보호하셨다는 것을. 심지어 그들이 보호받지 못하고 원수들의 공격에 노출되었을 때도. 여호와께서 유다의 천막들을 구원하실 것이라. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것 같다. "너희 조상들이 이전에 왕이 세워지기 훨씬 전에 도성에 살지 않고 마을에 흩어져 살았을 때도 하나님의 손으로 보호받았음을 알라. 하나님께서 오랜 세월 동안 자기 백성의 보호자가 되셨으니, 그분이 앞으로도 너희에게 그러하실 것임을 믿으라."

그는 덧붙인다. 다윗의 집의 영광과 예루살렘 주민의 영광이 유다를 넘어 자랑하지 못할 것이라고. 이 후반 절은 설명으로 덧붙여진 것 같다. 하나님께서 무력한 자들의 보호자가 되실 것임을 선포하신다. 그래서 비록 많은 무장 군인들을 갖추고 전쟁 수행에 필요한 자금과 다른 필수품들을 갖추고 있는 것처럼 보일지라도 그들이 승리할 것이라고.

원주석

8절 카드 ↗

He goes on with the same subject; and he says that God would be like a shield to protect the Jews. For though the verb יגן , igen , is used here, yet as it is derived from מגן , megen , which means a shield, that metaphor is to be understood here, — even that the Jews, though without power and without warlike instruments, would yet be safe under the protection of God, for he being their shield would be sufficient. And God is here indirectly opposed to all kinds of fortresses which men too anxiously seek, and on which they vainly depend. The Prophet then no doubt claims here for God a power, which in opposition to the whole world, and when no other help appears, would be found sufficient to subdue all enemies and to save his people. Jehovah then shall be , he says, a shield (158) But there seems to be here something inconsistent; for he had said before that the Jews would be safe wherever they lived, though they did not dwell at Jerusalem; but now he confines this promise to the citizens of Jerusalem. The answer to this is plain: We observed yesterday, that the piety of those was commended who had preferred to undergo many and grievous trials in returning home, and then to expose themselves to many dangers, rather than to continue in exile, as in that case they wholly separated themselves from the temple. Now since this was the object of the Prophet, it is no wonder that he one while names the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and that at another time he includes generally all the Jews. And by saying in the last verse, that the citizens of Jerusalem were not to glory against the country people, scattered in the villages, he intended, in adopting this way of speaking, to humble the citizens of Jerusalem, but not to exclude them from the promise made to all: as God then was to be the defender of all, the Prophet returns again to Jerusalem. For as God had chosen there his sanctuary, it is not to be wondered that the place was precious in his sight. But it was yet necessary to take away all pride from the Jews, that they might not, as it has been said, trust in earthly aids and supports. This is the meaning, when he says, the protection of God shall be on the inhabitants of Jerusalem He now adds — The feeble (159) among them shall be like David . Some give a refined explanation — that as David, who was not trained up for war, and was by no means strong, being, almost a boy, yet slew the proud giant Goliath, so the feeble among the Jews, as they think, will, by God’s power, be made victorious over their enemies. But this seems forced. The Prophet, then, I have no doubt, connects the whole together, and considers David as a king; for when David slew Goliath, he was yet a boy, remarkable for no velour. After he attained the kingdom, he became more eminent, we know, in every way, than all the kings of the earth. It is then this eminence which the Prophet has in view, when he says that the least and the most despised among them would be like David; as though he had said — “They shall all be endued with royal and heroic velour, not only the common people, but even those who seemed to be like women, and who possessed nothing that was manly; they would yet excel as David in heroic velour.” It then follows — And the whole house of David shall be as angels ; that is, the royal posterity shall be remarkable for angelic velour. And it was necessary to add this, that the faithful might not think that the house of David, from which salvation was to be expected, would be reduced to nothing. For whatever had been promised to them might have vanished, were not that promise to stand firm, on which was founded the salvation of the whole people — “Thy house shall remain for ever.” ( Psalms 89:37 .) Now as Zechariah seemed to have cast down and wholly overthrown the royal house, it might have occurred to the minds of the faithful, “whence then shall arise our salvation? for it is certain that without Christ we are wholly lost.” Now Christ was not to come forth, except from the house of David. The Prophet then does here opportunely declare, that the royal house would be most eminent, as though all the men belonging to it were angels. He puts down the word אלהים , aleim , which also means God; but he adds in the same sentence — As the angel of Jehovah before their face (160) The Prophet compares here, no doubt, the posterity of David to the angel, who had been the leader of the people and the minister of redemption. That angel we conclude was Christ; for though God then appointed many angels to his people, yet Christ, as it is well known, was their prince and head. The Prophet then bids the Jews here to look for the perpetual aid of God, since in the royal house were not only angels, but even the very leader of the fathers, who had exercised the ineffable power of God in redeeming the people. We now then perceive the design of the Prophet: The import of the whole is, that God would so undertake the defense and protection of his people, as to be of himself sufficient, without any other aid; and also that the minister of salvation would be in the royal house itself; for as formerly, when their fathers were led out of Egypt, God had exercised his power through an angel, so now he had set over them a Mediator. And in accordance with this meaning he adds, לפניהם , lepeniem , “before their face.” He bids the faithful to attend to the royal house, which was then deprived of all dignity, so that it had no power to help. Nothing indeed was then seen in the posterity of David but what was degrading, and even contemptible; and yet the Prophet bids them to expect salvation from that house, which was so brought down as to possess nothing worthy of being noticed. We may now ask, when was this prophecy fulfilled? Zechariah does indeed predict great things; but in reviewing all histories, nothing of a corresponding character is to be found. It must nevertheless be observed, that this blessed and happy state ass promised to the Jews, becau

Pericope (part_of)

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그는 같은 주제를 계속한다. 하나님께서 유대인들을 보호하기 위해 방패처럼 되실 것이라고 말한다. 비록 유대인들에게 권력도 전쟁 도구도 없을지라도, 그들의 방패가 되실 하나님으로 인해 안전할 것이다. 하나님은 여기서 간접적으로 사람들이 너무 불안하게 추구하고 헛되이 의존하는 모든 종류의 요새들과 대조된다. 그러므로 선지자는 의심할 바 없이 하나님을 위해 능력을 주장한다 — 전 세상을 대적하여, 다른 어떤 도움도 나타나지 않을 때, 모든 원수들을 굴복시키고 자기 백성을 구원하기에 충분한 능력을.

그러나 여기서 무언가 일관성이 없는 것처럼 보인다. 그는 앞서 유대인들이 예루살렘에 살지 않을지라도 어디서나 안전할 것이라고 말했다. 그러나 이제 그는 이 약속을 예루살렘 주민들에게 한정한다. 대답은 분명하다 — 집으로 돌아오는 데 있어서 많은 힘든 시련을 겪는 것, 그리고 많은 위험에 자신들을 노출시키는 것을 선택한 자들의 경건이 칭찬을 받았음을 우리는 관찰했다. 성전에서 완전히 자신들을 분리시킬 포로 상태에 계속 머무는 것보다 그것을 선택했기 때문이다.

그는 덧붙인다. 그들 중에 약한 자가 다윗 같을 것이라고. 의심할 바 없이 선지자는 전체를 연결하여 다윗을 왕으로 생각한다. 다윗이 골리앗을 죽였을 때는 아직 소년이었다. 왕위에 오른 후에는 온 땅의 모든 왕들보다 모든 면에서 탁월했음을 우리는 안다. 선지자가 염두에 두는 것은 이 탁월함이다. 그는 그들 중에 가장 작고 가장 멸시받는 자도 다윗 같을 것이라고 말한다. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것 같다 — "그들은 모두 왕과 같고 영웅과 같은 용기를 갖출 것이다. 평민뿐 아니라 여자 같아 보이고 남자다운 것을 전혀 갖추지 못한 것 같은 자들도 다윗처럼 영웅적 용기로 탁월할 것이다."

그러고 나서 이어진다 — 다윗의 온 집은 천사들 같을 것이라고. 즉, 왕의 후손은 천사와 같은 용기로 탁월할 것이다. 이것을 덧붙이는 것은 신실한 자들이 구원을 기대해야 하는 다윗의 집이 무로 돌아갈 것이라고 생각하지 않게 하기 위해 필요했다. 스가랴가 왕의 집을 무너뜨리고 완전히 전복시킨 것처럼 보이므로, 신실한 자들의 마음에 이런 생각이 일어날 수 있었기 때문이다. "그러면 우리의 구원은 어디서 나겠는가? 그리스도 없이는 우리가 완전히 잃어버린 것임이 확실하다." 그런데 그리스도는 다윗의 집에서 나오셔야 했다. 선지자는 여기서 왕의 집이 그 집에 속한 모든 사람이 천사들인 것처럼 가장 탁월할 것이라고 시의적절하게 선포한다.

그는 אלהים이라는 단어를 사용하는데, 이는 또한 하나님을 의미한다. 그러나 같은 문장에서 덧붙인다. 여호와의 사자처럼 그들 앞에 있을 것이라. 선지자는 의심할 바 없이 다윗의 후손을 백성의 인도자이셨고 구원의 사역자이셨던 천사에 비교한다. 그 천사가 그리스도이셨음을 우리는 결론짓는다. 하나님께서 그 백성에게 많은 천사들을 지정하셨을지라도, 그리스도는 잘 알려진 것처럼 그들의 왕자요 머리이셨기 때문이다. 그러므로 선지자는 유대인들에게 하나님의 영원한 도움을 기대하도록 촉구하는데, 왕의 집 안에 천사들뿐 아니라 바로 조상들의 인도자, 즉 백성을 구원하심에 있어서 하나님의 형언할 수 없는 능력을 행사하셨던 분이 계셨기 때문이다.

우리는 이제 선지자의 의도를 파악한다. 전체의 의미는 이러하다 — 하나님께서 자기 백성의 방어와 보호를 맡으셔서, 다른 어떤 도움도 없이 혼자서 충분히 넉넉하실 것이라는 것이다. 또한 구원의 사역자가 왕의 집 안에 있을 것이라는 것이다. 이전에 조상들이 이집트에서 인도되어 나왔을 때 하나님께서 천사를 통해 능력을 행사하셨던 것처럼, 이제 그분은 그들 위에 중보자를 세우셨다.

원주석

9절 카드 ↗

The Prophet repeats again, that though ungodly and wicked men assailed the Church in great number on every side, God would yet be its defender. By saying, I will seek to destroy , etc., he means that God would he fully bent ( intentum ) to destroy, as men are wont to be anxious when they earnestly pursue an object. Lest then the faithful should think that they should perish through the disdain, or the neglect, or the forgetfulness of God, he says, that he would be their anxious defender. I will seek then, that is, I will be most earnestly solicitous, to destroy all the nations This promise no doubt extends far wider than to the Jews; for he prophesies here concerning the kingdom of Christ: for if we consider the state of the people during the whole of the intervening period, from their return to the coming of Christ, the Prophet will certainly appear to have given here a hope of something far greater than what had taken place. But he had a regard especially to Christ. Here then is promised a perpetual defense to the Church; and hence also proceeds confidence as to salvation, for God carefully watches over us, that he may effectually oppose all our enemies. I only briefly touch on these things, which require long and minute consideration: but it is enough for me to show briefly the meaning of the Prophet, provided this be done clearly, so that each may then apply what is said to his own improvement. We may in the meantime learn also from the words of the Prophet, that the Church is ever to be disquieted in this world, for not only one enemy will cause trouble to it, but even many nations shall rise up against it. It follows — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

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bible-text/zec-12-9

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선지자는 다시 반복한다 — 비록 악하고 사악한 자들이 교회를 사방에서 큰 수로 공격할지라도, 하나님께서 여전히 그 방어자가 되실 것이라는 것이다. 내가 멸하기를 힘쓸 것이라고 말함으로써, 그는 하나님께서 멸하기를 전적으로 작정하실 것임을 의미한다. 마치 사람들이 어떤 일을 열심히 추구할 때 그러한 것처럼. 신실한 자들이 하나님의 경멸이나 무시나 망각으로 인해 멸망할 것이라고 생각하지 않도록, 그는 하나님이 그들의 열심 있는 수호자가 되실 것이라고 말한다.

내가 힘쓸 것이라. 즉, 내가 모든 민족들을 멸하기에 가장 열심히 힘쓸 것이라. 이 약속은 유대인들을 훨씬 넘어서까지 확장된다. 그분은 그리스도의 왕국에 대해 예언하고 있기 때문이다. 따라서 여기서는 교회에 대한 영원한 방어가 약속된다. 구원에 대한 확신도 이것으로부터 흘러나온다. 하나님께서 우리를 돌봄으로 모든 원수들을 효과적으로 대적하실 것이기 때문이다. 또한 선지자의 말로부터 교회는 항상 이 세상에서 흔들릴 것임을 배울 수 있다. 하나의 원수만이 교회를 괴롭히는 것이 아니라 많은 민족들이 그것을 거슬러 일어날 것이기 때문이다.

원주석

10절 카드 ↗

At the beginning of this verse the Prophet intimates, that though the Jews were then miserable and would be so in future, yet God would be merciful to them: and thus he exhorts them to patience, that they might not faint through a long-continued weariness. For it was not enough to promise to them what we have noticed respecting God’s aid, except Zechariah had added, that God would at length be merciful and gracious to them after they had endured so many evils, that the world would regard them as almost consumed. As to the effusion of the spirit , the expression at the first view seems hard to be understood; for what is it to pour forth the spirit of grace? He ought rather to have said thus, “I will pour my grace upon you.” But what he means is, that God would be merciful, for his spirit would be moved to deliver the Jews; for he compares the spirit of God here to the mind of man, and we know that Scripture often uses language of this kind. The phrase then, I will pour forth the spirit of grace , may be thus suitably expressed — “I will pour forth my bowels of mercy,” or, “I will open my whole heart to show mercy to this people,” or, “My Spirit shall be like the spirit of man, which is wont to move him to give help to the miserable.” We now then understand the sense in which God may be fitly said to pour forth the spirit of grace. It may yet be taken in a more refined manner, as meaning that God would not only show mercy to his people, but also make them sensible of his mercy; and this view I am inclined to take, especially on account of what follows, the spirit of commiserations , or, of lamentations, for the word, תחנונים , tachnunim , commonly means lamentations in Hebrew. Some render it “prayers,” but improperly, for they express not the force of the word. It is always put in the plural number, at least with this termination: and there is but one place where we can render it commiserations, that is, in Jeremiah 31:9 — “In commiserations will I restore them.” But even there it may be rendered lamentations consistently with the whole verse; for the Prophet says, “They shall weep,” and afterwards adds, “In lamentations will I restore them.” The greater part indeed of interpreters render it here, prayers; but the Hebrews prefer to translate it commiserations, and for this reason, because they consider that the spirit of grace is nothing else but simply grace itself. The spirit of grace is indeed grace itself united with faith: for God often hears the miserable, extends his hand to them, and brings them a most effectual deliverance, while they still continue blind and remain unconcerned. It is then far better that the spirit of grace should be poured forth on us, than grace itself: for except the spirit of God penetrate into our hearts and instils into us a feeling need of grace, it will not only be useless, but even injurious; for God at length will take vengeance on our ingratitude when he sees his grace perishing through our indifference. What then the Prophet, in my opinion, means is, that God will at length be so propitious to the Jews as to pour forth on them the spirit of grace , and then the spirit of lamentations , in order to obtain grace. They who render the word prayers, do not, as I have already said, convey the full import of the term. But we may also take commiserations in a passive sense and consistently with its common meaning: I will pour forth the spirit of grace , that they themselves may perceive my grace; and then, the spirit of commiserations , that having deplored their evils, they may understand that they have been delivered by a power from above. Hence Zechariah promises here more than before; for he speaks not here of God’s external aid, by which they were to be defended, but of inward grace, by which God would pour hidden joy into their hearts, that they might know and find by a sure experience that he was propitious to them. But if the word תחנונום , tachnunim , be rendered commiserations, the meaning would be, as I have already stated, that the Jews, through the dictation and the suggestions of the Holy Spirit, would find God merciful to them; but if we render it lamentations, then the Prophet must be viewed as saying something more — that the Jews, previously so hardened in their evils, as not to flee to God for help, would become at length suppliants, because the Spirit would inwardly so touch their hearts as to lead them to deplore their state before God, and thus to express their complaints to Him: (161) and this view is more fully confirmed by what follows. They shall look to me , he says, whom they have pierced . We then see here that not only an external grace or favor was promised to the Jews, but an internal light of faith, the author of which is the Spirit; for he it is who illuminates our minds to see the goodness of God, and it is he also who turns our hearts: and for this reason he adds, They shall look to me (162) For God, as I have already reminded you, deals very bountifully with the unbelieving, but they are blind; and hence he pours forth his grace without any benefit, as though he rained on flint or on and rocks. However bountifully then God may bestow his grace on the unbelieving, they yet render his favor useless, for they are like stones. Now, as Zechariah declares that the Jews would at length look to God, it follows, that the spirit of repentance and the light of faith are promised to them, so that they may know God as the author of their salvation, and feel so assured that they are already saved, as in future to devote themselves entirely to him: they shall then look to me whom they have pierced . Here also the Prophet indirectly reproves the Jews for their great obstinacy, for God had restored them, and they had been as untameable as wild beasts; for this piercing is to be taken metaphorically for continual provocation, as though he had said, that the Jews in their perverseness were prepared as it were for war, that they goaded and pi

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이 절 처음에 선지자는 비록 유대인들이 그 당시 비참했고 앞으로도 그럴지라도 하나님께서 그들에게 자비로우실 것임을 암시한다. 그리하여 그는 그들에게 인내를 권면한다 — 오랜 계속된 고통을 통해 쓰러지지 않도록. 선지자가 제시한 것처럼 하나님의 도움에 대해 약속하는 것만으로는 충분하지 않기 때문이다. 스가랴는 또한 그분이 그들이 세상에서 거의 소진된 것처럼 보일 만큼 많은 악을 견딘 후에 마침내 그들에게 자비롭고 은혜로우실 것임을 덧붙여야 했다.

성령 부어주심의 표현은 언뜻 보기에 이해하기 어렵다. 은혜의 영을 부어주신다는 것은 무엇인가? 오히려 이렇게 말씀하셔야 했을 것이다. "내가 너희에게 나의 은혜를 부을 것이라." 그러나 그분의 의미는, 하나님께서 자비로우실 것이라는 것이다. 그분의 영이 유대인들을 구원하시도록 움직이실 것이기 때문이다. 그분은 여기서 하나님의 영을 사람의 마음에 비교하신다. 성경은 종종 이런 종류의 언어를 사용한다는 것을 우리는 안다.

그러므로 내가 은혜의 영을 부어주리라는 구절은 이렇게 적절하게 표현될 수 있다 — "내가 자비의 창자를 부어주리라" 혹은, "내가 이 백성에게 자비를 보이기 위해 내 온 마음을 열 것이라" 혹은, "내 영이 비참한 자들을 도우러 움직이는 것이 보통인 사람의 영 같을 것이라."

그것은 더 세밀한 방식으로 이해될 수도 있다 — 하나님께서 자기 백성에게 자비를 보이실 뿐 아니라 또한 그들이 그분의 자비를 느끼게 하실 것이라는 의미로. 이 견해는 나도 취하고 싶다. 특히 이어지는 것, 즉 탄원의 영 혹은 애통의 영이라는 말 때문에. 히브리어로 תחנונים은 보통 애통을 의미하기 때문이다. 어떤 이들은 기도라고 번역하지만, 부적절하다.

그러므로 스가랴가 의미하는 것은 내 생각에, 하나님께서 마침내 유대인들에게 은혜의 영을 부어주시기에 충분히 친근하시다는 것이다. 그들이 은혜를 구하기 위해 그 다음에 애통의 영을 주실 것이다. 따라서 스가랴는 이전보다 더 많은 것을 약속한다. 그는 여기서 그들이 방어받아야 할 하나님의 외적 도움에 대해서 말하는 것이 아니라, 하나님께서 그들의 마음에 숨겨진 기쁨을 부어주실 내적 은혜에 대해 말하는 것이다.

그들이 나를 바라볼 것이라. 그들이 찌른 나를. 우리는 여기서 유대인들에게 외적 은혜나 호의만이 약속된 것이 아니라, 성령을 원인으로 하는 믿음의 내적 빛도 약속되었음을 알 수 있다. 하나님의 선하심을 보기 위해 우리의 마음을 밝혀 주시는 분이 바로 그분이시며, 또한 우리의 마음을 돌이키시는 분도 그분이시기 때문이다. 이런 이유로 그분은 덧붙이신다. 그들이 나를 바라볼 것이라. 하나님께서 이미 생각하게 하신 것처럼, 그분은 불신자들에게도 매우 후하게 대하신다. 그러나 그들은 맹인이다. 따라서 그분은 부싯돌이나 바위에 비를 내리는 것처럼 아무 유익 없이 은혜를 부으신다.

이 구절은 또한 그리스도와 관련하여 적용된다. 찌름은 계속적인 자극을 의미하는 비유적 표현으로, 마치 유대인들이 완악함으로 전쟁을 위해 무장한 것처럼 하나님을 자극하고 찔렀다는 의미이다.

원주석

11절 카드 ↗

The Prophet says nearly the same thing to the end of the chapter; but as the event was worthy of being commemorated, he embellishes it with many figurative terms. He then says, that the lamentation for the death of Christ would be like that after the death of Josiah; for they who would have Hadadrimmon to be a man’s name, have no reason for what they hold, and indulge themselves in mere conjecture. It is indeed agreed almost by all that Hadadrimmon was either a town connected with the plain of Megiddon, or a country near Jezreel. But as to what it was, it is a matter of no great consequence. I indeed believe that Hadadrimmon was a neighboring town, or a part of that country in which was situated the plain of Megiddon. (165) We may now observe, that this comparison which the Prophet institutes is very apposite; for when Josiah was slain by the King of Egypt, it is said in 2 Chronicles 35:25 , that an yearly lamentation was appointed. The Jews then were wont every year to lament the death of Josiah; for from that time it was evident that God was so displeased with the people, that they had no longer any hope of deliverance; nay, Jeremiah in his mournful song had special reference to Josiah, as it appears from sacred history. And, among other things, he says, that Christ our Lord, in whose life lived our life, was slain for our sins. Jeremiah then acknowledges that it was a special proof of God’s vengeance, that that pious king was taken away, and that the Jews were thus as it were forsaken, and became afterwards like a dead body, inasmuch as they only breathed in the life of Josiah: and at the same time he reminds us, that the kingdom, which God had intended to be the type and image of the kingdom of Christ, had as it were ceased to exist; for the successor of Josiah was deprived of all royal honor, and at length not only the whole dignity, but also the safety of the people, were trampled under foot. Hence, most fitly does the Prophet apply this lamentation to the death of Christ; as though he had said, — That the Jews lamented yearly the death of Josiah, because it was an evidence of the dreadful vengeance of God that they were deprived of that pious ruler; and that now there would be a similar lamentation, when they perceived that their light of salvation was extinguished, because they had crucified the Son of God, unless they humbly acknowledged their great wickedness, and obtained pardon. We now then see the true meaning of the Prophet, when he says, that the lamentation in Jerusalem would be like that in Megiddon. Were any to object and say, that the death of Christ was not accompanied with tears and mourning; I answer, — that the penitence of believers only is here described; for we know that a few only of the whole people were converted to God: but it is not to be wondered that the Prophet speaks generally of the whole nation, though he referred only to the elect of God and a small remnant; for God regarded those few who repented as the whole race of Abraham. Some mention the women of whom Luke speaks; but this seems too confined and strained: and we find also that that lamentation was forbidden by Christ, “Weep,” he says, “for yourselves and for your children, not for me.” ( Luke 23:28 .) Since then Christ shows that that weeping was vain and useless, we may surely say that what is here said by Zechariah was not then fulfilled. And we must bear in mind what I have said before, — that by lamentation and sorrow is described that repentance with which the Jews were favored, not indeed all, but such as had been ordained to salvation by the gratuitous adoption of God. It follows — (165) “ Jerome says that this (Hadadrimmon) was a place near Jezreel, called in his time Maximaniopolis. De Lisle places it near Megiddo, where Josiah was slain, over whom great lamentation was made, 2 Chronicles 35:22 .” — Newcome . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-12" class="com-number"

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선지자는 이 장 끝까지 거의 같은 것을 말한다. 그러나 그 사건이 기념될 만하므로, 그는 많은 비유적 표현으로 그것을 장식한다. 그는 그리스도의 죽음으로 인한 애통이 요시야의 죽음 이후의 애통과 같을 것이라고 말한다.

메깃도 평야에서의 하다드 림몬에서의 애통과 같을 것이라고. 이것은 메깃도 평야 근처의 도성이거나 이스르엘 근방의 지역이었다고 거의 모두가 동의한다.

우리는 이제 선지자가 세우는 이 비교가 매우 적절함을 알 수 있다. 요시야가 이집트 왕에게 죽임을 당했을 때, 역대하 35:25에 연례 애가가 정해졌다고 기록되어 있다. 그러므로 유대인들은 매년 요시야의 죽음을 애통하는 것이 관례였다. 그 때부터 하나님께서 백성에게 매우 분노하셔서 더 이상 구원의 소망이 없음이 분명해졌기 때문이다. 예레미야는 그의 슬픈 노래에서 특히 요시야를 염두에 두었다.

따라서 선지자는 이 애통을 그리스도의 죽음에 매우 적절하게 적용한다. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것 같다 — 그 경건한 통치자를 빼앗겼다는 것이 하나님의 무서운 진노의 증거이므로, 유대인들이 매년 요시야의 죽음을 애통했다. 그리고 이제 그들이 하나님의 아들을 십자가에 못 박음으로써 자신들의 구원의 빛이 꺼진 것을 깨달을 때 유사한 애통이 있을 것이다. 물론 그들이 자신들의 큰 악함을 겸손히 인정하고 용서를 얻지 않는다면.

누군가 반론을 제기하며 그리스도의 죽음이 눈물과 슬픔으로 동반되지 않았다고 말한다면, 나는 대답한다 — 여기서는 오직 신자들의 회개만이 묘사되어 있다는 것. 우리는 온 백성 중에 소수만이 하나님께 돌아왔음을 안다. 그러나 선지자가 오직 하나님의 택자들과 작은 남은 자만을 가리켰음에도 온 민족에 대해 일반적으로 말한 것은 이상한 일이 아니다. 하나님께서 회개한 소수를 온 아브라함의 족속으로 여기셨기 때문이다.

원주석

12절 카드 ↗

Zechariah seems to have used more words than necessary to complete his subject; for he appears to be diffuse on a plain matter: but we ought to attend to its vast importance; for it seemed incredible, that any of that nation would repent, since they had almost all been given up to a reprobate mind. For who could have thought that there was any place for the favor of God, inasmuch as all, as far as they could, even from the least to the greatest, attempted to involve Christ in darkness? When therefore the Sun of Righteousness was as it were extinguished by the Jews, it seemed probable that they were a nation repudiated by God. But the Prophet here shows, that God would be mindful of his covenant, so that he would turn to himself some of all the families. Lament , he says, shall the land . This indeed we know did not take place as to the body of the people, but God, to whom a small flock is precious, denominates here as the whole land the faithful, who had felt how grievously they had sinned, and were so pricked in their hearts as though they had pierced the Son of God. ( Acts 2:37 .) And though the Jews had destroyed themselves, yet through special and wonderful favor, three thousand were converted at one sermon by Peter; and then many in Greece, Asia Minor, and in the East, repented, and many Churches arose everywhere, as though God had created a new people. If these things be rightly viewed by us, we shall not think it unreasonable that Zechariah promises repentance to the whole land. What he said before of Jerusalem ought not to be so taken as though he confined what he said to one city, but under this name he includes the whole nation, dispersed through distant parts of the world. He says now, that this lamentations would be in every family apart . By which word he means, that it would not be a feigned or pretended ceremony, as when one begins to weep and draws tears from the eyes of others. The Prophet then testifies that it would be real sorrow, for one would not imitate another, but every one, impelled by his own feeling, would really grieve and lament. This then is the reason why he says that families would lament apart. Indeed the faithful ought to stimulate others by their example and encourage them to repent, but in a congregation hardly one in ten prays in earnest for pardon and really laments on account of his sins. Since therefore men are thus born to hypocrisy, and are confirmed in it by the whole practice of their the, it is no wonder that the Prophet, in order to set forth real sorrow, represents here every family by itself; as though he had said, “The family of David shall know that it had sinned, and the family of Levi, though it may not observe such an example, shall yet inwardly acknowledge its guilt.” We now see why Zechariah repeats the word apart so often. By saying, that the women wept apart , he means no doubt the same thing with what we find in the second chapter of Joel ( Joel 2:1 ) “Go forth let the bridegroom from his chamber, and the bride from her recess.” Men in grief, we know, withdraw from all pleasures and all joy. As then men usually separate themselves from their wives during the appointed time of public grief or mourning, the Prophet makes the women to be by themselves: he intimates at the same time that the women would not wait until the men showed then an example of mourning, but that they would of themselves, and through a feeling of their own, be inclined to lament. But we must bear in mind what I lately said, — that the grief which the Jews felt for the death of Christ is not what is described, but rather that by which they were touched when God opened their eyes to repent for their own perverseness; for the death of Christ, we allow, is a cause of joy to us rather than of sorrow, but the joy arising from Christ’s death cannot shine in us until our guilt really wounds us through God’s appearing to us as a threatening judge. From this sorrow there arises the desire to repent and the true fear of God. Hence it is, that God himself will give us joy, for he will not have us, as Paul says, to be swallowed up with sorrow; he lays us prostrate, that he may again raise us up. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"

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스가랴는 주제를 완결하기 위해 필요 이상의 말을 사용한 것처럼 보인다. 그러나 우리는 그 엄청난 중요성에 주목해야 한다. 그 민족 중 어느 누가 회개할 것이라는 것이 믿기 어려웠기 때문이다. 그들은 거의 모두 타락한 마음에 넘겨졌기 때문이다. 가장 작은 자로부터 가장 큰 자에 이르기까지 그들이 할 수 있는 한 그리스도를 어둠 속에 몰아넣으려 했을 때, 하나님의 은혜를 위한 어떤 자리가 있다고 누가 생각할 수 있었겠는가?

그러므로 선지자는 하나님께서 자신의 언약을 기억하셔서 모든 가족들 중에서 일부를 자신에게로 돌이키실 것임을 보인다. 그 땅이 애통할 것이라. 이것이 백성의 전체에게 일어나지 않았음을 우리는 알지만, 소수의 양 떼를 귀히 여기시는 하나님께서는, 자신들이 얼마나 크게 죄를 지었는지 느끼고, 마치 그들이 하나님의 아들을 찌른 것처럼 마음을 찌름을 받은 신실한 자들을 온 땅이라고 부르신다.

비록 유대인들이 스스로를 멸망시켰을지라도, 특별하고 놀라운 은혜로 베드로의 한 설교에 삼천 명이 돌아왔다. 그리고 나서 헬라와 소아시아와 동방에서 많은 이들이 회개했고 사방에 많은 교회들이 마치 하나님께서 새 백성을 창조하신 것처럼 일어났다. 이것들을 우리가 바르게 바라본다면, 스가랴가 온 땅에 회개를 약속한 것이 이치에 맞지 않다고 생각하지 않을 것이다.

각 가족이 따로 애통하리라는 말로써, 그는 그것이 꾸며진 것이나 가장된 의식이 아닐 것임을 의미한다. 한 사람이 시작해서 다른 사람들의 눈에서 눈물을 이끌어낼 때처럼. 따라서 선지자는 그것이 진정한 슬픔일 것이라고 증언한다. 한 사람이 다른 사람을 모방하는 것이 아니라 각자가 자신의 감정에 의해 움직여 진정으로 슬퍼하고 애통할 것이다. 이것이 선지자가 가족들이 따로 애통할 것이라고 말하는 이유이다.

그가 여자들이 따로 울 것이라고 말함으로써, 그는 의심할 바 없이 요엘 2:16에서 발견되는 것과 같은 것을 의미한다. "신랑은 그의 방에서, 신부는 그의 방에서 나오게 하라." 슬픔 가운데 있는 사람들은 모든 쾌락과 모든 기쁨에서 물러남을 우리는 안다. 따라서 사람들이 공적 슬픔이나 애도의 정해진 시간 동안 보통 자신의 아내로부터 분리되므로, 선지자는 여자들이 홀로 있게 한다. 그는 동시에 여자들이 남자들이 먼저 애통의 예를 보여줄 때까지 기다리지 않고, 자신들의 감정으로 스스로 애통하는 경향이 있을 것임을 암시한다.

그러나 내가 방금 말한 것을 기억해야 한다 — 여기서 묘사되는 것은 유대인들이 그리스도의 죽음으로 느끼는 슬픔이 아니라, 하나님께서 그들의 눈을 열어 자신들의 완악함을 회개하게 하실 때 그들이 감동받을 슬픔이라는 것이다. 그리스도의 죽음은 우리에게 슬픔의 이유가 아니라 기쁨의 원인이다. 그러나 그리스도의 죽음으로부터 오는 기쁨은 우리의 죄책이 하나님을 무서운 심판자로서 우리에게 나타내심으로써 우리를 진정으로 상하게 하기까지는 우리 안에서 빛날 수 없다.

원주석

13절 카드 ↗

Now, why he names the house of Levi , and the house of Shimei , or of Simeon , and the house of David , and the house of Nathan , rather than the other tribes, is uncertain: yet it seems to me probable that by the family of David he means the whole tribe of Judah, and the same by the family of Nathan. As to the tribe of Levi it excelled in honor on account of the priesthood, but no honor belonged to Simeon. Why then are Issachar and Reuben the first-born, and the other tribes omitted here? It might indeed have been, that there were then remaining more from the tribes of Simeon and Levi than from the tribe of Zebulon or of Issachar or of Reuben; but this is uncertain, and I am not disposed to make much of mere conjectures. But I am inclined to think that the family of David and the tribe of Levi are here mentioned not for the sake of honor but of reproach, because the royal family and the priests were those who crucified Christ, and pierced God in the person of his only-begotten Son. Jerome conjectures, that the family of Nathan is named, because he was a celebrated Prophet and eminent above others, and that the Prophets are designated by him. He says that many teachers arose from the tribe of Simeon; but I know not where he got his information, for he adduces no proofs. (166) But I am satisfied with the simple view already given, — that the Prophet by mentioning certain families meant to include the whole people, and that he does not omit the royal family nor the priests, because they were especially those who crucified Christ: and we know that Christ descended from Nathan, though Jerome thought the Prophet to be intended here rather than Nathan, one of Christ’s progenitors: but these things are of small moment. (166) What he says in substance is, that the family of David represented the royal order — of Nathan, the prophetic — of Levi, the sacerdotal — and of Simeon, the order of teachers, as from that tribe many of them had proceeded. The same view was taken by Theodoret and Cyril . It was thought by Marckius that Nathan the son of David is meant, who represented, not the royal line, but his other descendants, and that Shimei belonged to the tribe of Levi, and represented the Levites, not the priestly line; see Numbers 3:18 ; and Henderson’s view is the same. But Blayney though that they were all the progenitors of our Savior. Luke 3:29 . Instead of “Shimei,” the Septuagint , the Arabic , and Syriac , have a “Simeon,” which Newcome , adopts as the true reading. Three MS., the Syriac , and the Targum , supply “house” before it. Was not this prophecy literally fulfilled in the time of Ezra? His return, and the reformation he effected, were several years posterior to the time when this prophecy was delivered. The brief account, given in the ninth and tenth chapters of Ezra, clearly intimates a state of things similar to what is here described. See especially Ezra 9:1 ; and the names of those who had transgressed, Ezra 10:20 . The priestly line of Levi and those of inferior order are mentioned, and also those “of Israel,” denominated “princes and rulers” in Ezra 9:2 . We hence see a reason for the lamentation of the “wives,” and these apart. — Ed . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-14" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-12-13

Source

이제, 그가 다른 지파들보다는 레위의 집과 시므이 혹은 시므온의 집과 다윗의 집과 나단의 집을 언급하는 이유에 대해서는 확실하지 않다. 그러나 내가 생각하기에는 다윗의 가족으로써 유다 지파 전체를 의미하고, 나단의 가족으로써도 같다고 보는 것이 타당하다. 레위 지파는 제사장직으로 인해 명예가 탁월했지만, 시므온에게는 아무 명예도 없었다.

그러므로 레위 지파의 장자 르우벤과 잇사갈과 다른 지파들이 여기서 왜 생략되는가? 당시 스불론 지파나 잇사갈 지파나 르우벤 지파보다 시므온과 레위 지파에서 더 많은 자들이 남아 있었을 수도 있다. 그러나 이것은 불확실하며 나는 단순한 추측에 많은 것을 두고 싶지 않다.

나는 다윗의 가족과 레위 지파가 여기서 명예가 아니라 책망을 위해 언급되었다고 생각한다. 왕의 가족과 제사장들이 바로 그리스도를 십자가에 못 박은 자들이기 때문이다. 예로니무스는 나단의 가족이 언급된 것은 그가 저명한 선지자였기 때문이라고 추측한다. 그리고 시므온 지파에서 많은 교사들이 나왔다고 말하지만, 나는 그것을 어디서 얻었는지 모른다. 어떤 증거도 제시하지 않기 때문이다.

그러나 나는 이미 제시한 단순한 견해에 만족한다 — 선지자가 특정 가족들을 언급함으로써 온 백성을 포함하고자 했다는 것이다. 그리고 왕의 가족과 제사장들을 생략하지 않는다. 그리스도를 십자가에 못 박은 것이 특히 그들이었기 때문이다.

원주석

14절 카드 ↗

He says in the last place, that this lamentation would be common to all the remaining families. Though few had returned, except those from the tribe of Judah and Benjamin, and from the tribe of Levi, yet Zechariah, as I think, means here by the remaining families, the elect who had been miraculously delivered from the common ruin; for blindness had so prevailed, that the rejection of the whole people on the part of God was evident. Under this designation then I consider the remnants of grace, as Paul says, to be included; as though the Prophet had said, that he had spoken of sorrow, not with regard to the whole nation indiscriminately, but to that part which was a remnant according to the gratuitous election of God. Now follows — return to ' Top of Page ' Zechariah Zec 11 Zechariah Zec Zechariah Zec 13 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Zechariah 12". "Calvin's Commentary on the Bible". https://www.studylight.org/ commentaries/ eng/ cal/ zechariah-12.html. 1840-57. terms of use • privacy policy • • rights and permissions • contact sl • about sl • link to sl To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient contact form StudyLight.org © 2001-2026 Powered by Light speed Technology Ads Free Profile .sub-menu{font-size:12px;padding:10px 0;max-width:1260px;width:100%;background-color:#f7f7f7;color:#6b6b6b;border-bottom:5px solid #6b6b6b;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:absolute;z-index:9998} .sub-menu .menu-group{width:100%;margin:0 5px 0;padding:0 5px 0;border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer{display:none} .sub-menu .menu-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-name a{color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-ul li a{color:#6b6b6b;} .sub-menu .menu-ul li:hover{color:#DD8000} .search-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;-webkit-appearance:square-button;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px} .int-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .int-search-div .int-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:0 5px 0;margin-right:5px;width:30%;height:30px;flex:1 1 100%} .int-search-div .int-s-button{width:50px;margin-right:10px;height:30px;flex:0 0 50px} .int-selections-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px} .int-selections-div .int-s-section{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;width:70px;height:30px;flex:1 1 50%} .int-selections-div .int-s-translation{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px;width:40%;height:30px;flex:1 1 40%} .lex-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;width:95%;height:30px;font-size:13px;padding:5px;margin-right:5px} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;height:30px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px;width:100px} .lex-search-languages{width:95%;font-size:11px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:5px} .ill-quo-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;margin-top:10px} .ill-quo-s-query{font-size:15px;color:#6b6b6b;padding:0 10px 0;border:1px solid #dadada;height:30px;width:100px;margin-right:5px;flex:1 1 auto} .ill-quo-s-select{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;padding:5px;height:30px;margin-right:5px} .clickable{cursor:pointer} ia, qa{cursor:pointer;margin:0 4px; 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Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/zec-12-14

Source

그는 마지막으로, 이 애통이 남은 모든 가족들에게 공통될 것이라고 말한다. 비록 유다와 베냐민 지파와 레위 지파를 제외하고는 소수만이 돌아왔을지라도, 스가랴는 내 생각에 남은 가족들이라는 말로써 공통의 멸망에서 기적적으로 구원된 택자들을 의미한다. 그 눈멂이 너무나 만연해서 하나님 편에서 온 백성 전체에 대한 버림이 분명했기 때문이다.

따라서 이 명칭 아래서 나는 바울이 말하는 것처럼 은혜의 남은 자들이 포함된다고 본다. 마치 선지자가 이렇게 말한 것 같다 — 그는 차별 없이 온 민족 전체에 관해서가 아니라, 하나님의 은혜로운 선택에 따른 남은 자 부분에 관해 슬픔을 말했다는 것이다.

원주석

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