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The Boundaries of Canaan. . 1 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 2 Command the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye come into the land of Canaan; (this is the land that shall fall unto you for an inheritance, even the land of Canaan with the coasts thereof:) 3 Then your south quarter shall be from the wilderness of Zin along by the coast of Edom, and your south border shall be the outmost coast of the salt sea eastward: 4 And your border shall turn from the south to the ascent of Akrabbim, and pass on to Zin: and the going forth thereof shall be from the south to Kadesh-barnea, and shall go on to Hazar-addar, and pass on to Azmon: 5 And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea. 6 And as for the western border, ye shall even have the great sea for a border: this shall be your west border. 7 And this shall be your north border: from the great sea ye shall point out for you mount Hor: 8 From mount Hor ye shall point out your border unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings forth of the border shall be to Zedad: 9 And the border shall go on to Ziphron, and the goings out of it shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border. 10 And ye shall point out your east border from Hazar-enan to Shepham: 11 And the coast shall go down from Shepham to Riblah, on the east side of Ain; and the border shall descend, and shall reach unto the side of the sea of Chinnereth eastward: 12 And the border shall go down to Jordan, and the goings out of it shall be at the salt sea: this shall be your land with the coasts thereof round about. 13 And Moses commanded the children of Israel, saying, This is the land which ye shall inherit by lot, which the LORD commanded to give unto the nine tribes, and to the half tribe: 14 For the tribe of the children of Reuben according to the house of their fathers, and the tribe of the children of Gad according to the house of their fathers, have received their inheritance; and half the tribe of Manasseh have received their inheritance: 15 The two tribes and the half tribe have received their inheritance on this side Jordan near Jericho eastward, toward the sunrising. We have here a particular draught of the line by which the land of Canaan was meted, and bounded, on all sides. God directs Moses to settle it here, not as a geographer in his map, merely to please the curious, but as a prince in his grant, that it may be certainly known what passes, and is conveyed, by the grant. There was a much larger possession promised them, which in due time they would have possessed if they had been obedient, reaching even to the river Euphrates, Daniel 11:24 . And even so far the dominion of Israel did extend in David's time and Solomon's, 2 Chronicles 9:26 . But this which is here described is Canaan only, which was the lot of the nine tribes and a half, for the other two and a half were already settled, Numbers 34:14 ; Numbers 34:15 . Now concerning the limits of Canaan observe, I. That it was limited within certain bounds: for God appoints the bounds of our habitation, Acts 17:26 . The borders are set them, 1. That they might know whom they were to dispossess, and how far the commission which was given them extended ( Numbers 33:53 ; Numbers 33:53 ), that they should drive out the inhabitants. Those that lay within these borders, and those only, they must destroy; hitherto their bloody sword must go, and no further. 2. That they might know what to expect the possession of themselves. God would not have his people to enlarge their desire of worldly possessions, but to know when they have enough, and to rest satisfied with it. The Israelites themselves must not be placed alone in the midst of the earth, but must leave room for their neighbours to live by them. God sets bounds to our lot; let us then set bounds to our desires, and bring our mind to our condition. II. That it lay comparatively in a very little compass: as it is here bounded, it is reckoned to be but about 160 miles in length and about fifty in breadth; perhaps it did not contain more than half as much ground as England, and yet this is the country which was promised to the father of the faithful and was the possession of the seed of Israel. This was that little spot of ground in which only, for many ages, God was known, and his name was great, Psalms 76:1 . This was the vineyard of the Lord, the garden enclosed; but, as it is with gardens and vineyards, the narrowness of the extent was abundantly compensated by the extraordinary fruitfulness of the soil, otherwise it could not have subsisted so numerous a nation as did inhabit it. See here then, 1. How small a part of the world God has for himself. Though the earth is his, and the fullness thereof, yet few have the knowledge of him and serve him; but those few are happy, very happy, because fruitful to God. 2. How small a share of the world God often gives to his own people. Those that have their portion in heaven have reason to be content with a small pittance of this earth; but, as here, what is wanting in quantity is made up in quality; a little that a righteous man has, having it from the love of God and with his blessing, is far better and more comfortable than the riches of many wicked, Psalms 37:16 . III. It is observable what the bounds and limits of it were. 1. Canaan was itself a pleasant land (so it is called Daniel 8:9 ), and yet it bordered upon wilderness and seas, and was surrounded with divers melancholy prospects. Thus the vineyard of the church is compassed on all hands with the desert of this world, which serves as a foil to it, to make it appear the more beautiful for situation. 2. Many of its borders were its defences and natural fortifications, to render the access of enemies the more difficult, and to intimate to Israel that the God of nature was their protector, and with his favour would compass them as with a shield. 3. The border reached to the river of Egypt ( Numbers 34:5 ; Numbers 34:5 ), that the sight of that country which they could look into out of their own might remind them of their bondage there, and their wonderful deliverance thence. 4. Their border is here made to begin at the Salt Sea ( Numbers 34:3 ; Numbers 34:3 ), and there it ends, Numbers 34:12 ; Numbers 34:12 . This was the remaining lasting monument of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. That pleasant fruitful vale in which these cities stood became a lake, which was never stirred by any wind, bore no vessels, was replenished with no fish, no living creature of any sort being found in it, therefore called the Dead Sea. This was part of their border, that it might be a constant warning to them to take heed of those sins which had been the ruin of Sodom; yet the iniquity of Sodom was afterwards found in Israel ( Ezekiel 16:49 ), for which Canaan was made, though not a salt sea as Sodom, yet a barren soil, and continues so to this day. 5. Their western border was the Great Sea ( Numbers 34:6 ; Numbers 34:6 ), which is now called the Mediterranean. Some consider this sea itself to have been a part of their possession, and that by virtue of this grant, they had the dominion of it, and, if they had not forfeited it by sin, might have rode masters of it. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-16-29" class="com-number"
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bible-text/num-34-1, bible-text/num-34-2, bible-text/num-34-3, bible-text/num-34-4, bible-text/num-34-5, bible-text/num-34-6, bible-text/num-34-7, bible-text/num-34-8, bible-text/num-34-9, bible-text/num-34-10, bible-text/num-34-11, bible-text/num-34-12, bible-text/num-34-13, bible-text/num-34-14, bible-text/num-34-15
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**가나안의 경계**
여호와께서 모세에게 말씀하셨다. 이스라엘 자손에게 명령하여 이르기를, 너희가 가나안 땅에 들어갈 때—이 땅이 너희가 유산으로 받을 땅이요, 가나안 땅과 그 경계이다—남쪽 경계는 에돔 경계를 따라 신 광야에서 시작하여, 남쪽 경계는 동쪽 소금 바다의 끝에서 시작한다. 그 경계가 남쪽에서 아그랍빔 비탈로 돌아 신을 지나고, 남쪽에서 가데스 바네아로 나아가 하살아달을 지나 아스몬으로 이어진다. 경계는 아스몬에서 이집트 강으로 돌아 바다까지 이른다. 서쪽 경계는 지중해가 경계가 된다. 북쪽 경계는 지중해에서 호르 산을 지나 하맛 어귀까지, 거기서 스닷과 시브론을 지나 하살에난까지 이른다. 동쪽 경계는 하살에난에서 스밤, 리블라, 아인 동편을 지나 긴네렛 바다 동편으로 내려가 요단까지 이어지고, 끝은 소금 바다이다. 모세는 이스라엘 자손에게, 이것이 여호와께서 아홉 지파 반에게 주도록 명령하신 기업으로 제비 뽑아 받을 땅이라고 했다. 르우벤 지파와 갓 지파와 므낫세 반 지파는 이미 요단 동편 여리고 맞은편에서 기업을 받았기 때문이다.
여기서 우리는 가나안 땅의 모든 방면을 측량하고 경계 지은 구체적인 구획을 보게 된다. 하나님께서 이것을 모세를 통해 확정하도록 지시하신 것은, 단순히 호기심을 충족시키는 지리학적 지도가 아니라, 왕이 양도 문서에 기록하듯 무엇이 이 허가에 의해 이전되는지를 확실하게 알게 하려는 것이다.
이보다 훨씬 광대한 영토가 약속되었는데, 순종했더라면 그들이 점령했을 땅으로 유프라테스 강에까지 이르렀다(다니엘 11:24). 실제로 다윗과 솔로몬 시대에 이스라엘의 지배는 그렇게까지 미쳤다(역대하 9:26). 그러나 여기서 기술된 것은 가나안만인데, 이것이 아홉 지파 반의 제비뽑기 몫이었으며, 나머지 두 지파 반은 이미 정착해 있었다(민수기 34:14-15).
가나안의 경계와 관련하여 다음을 살펴보라.
첫째, 그 땅이 정해진 경계 안에 제한되었다는 것이다. 하나님께서는 우리가 거주할 경계를 정하신다(사도행전 17:26). 경계가 설정된 것은, (1) 누구를 몰아내야 하며 그들에게 주어진 명령이 어디까지 미치는지 알게 하기 위함이었다(민수기 33:53). 이 경계 안에 있는 자들만, 오직 그들만 멸해야 했다. 피의 칼은 거기까지만 이르고 더 이상 나아가서는 안 됐다. (2) 그들이 스스로 무엇을 소유하게 될지 알게 하기 위함이었다. 하나님께서는 자기 백성이 세상 소유에 대한 욕심을 키우기를 바라지 않으시고, 충분할 때를 알고 그것에 만족하며 쉬기를 원하신다. 이스라엘 자신도 땅 한가운데 홀로 자리를 차지해서는 안 되고, 이웃들이 그들 곁에서 살 공간을 남겨 두어야 했다. 하나님께서 우리의 몫에 경계를 정하신다. 그러므로 우리도 우리의 욕심에 경계를 정하고, 우리의 마음을 우리의 형편에 맞추어야 한다.
둘째, 그 땅이 비교적 아주 좁은 범위 안에 있었다는 것이다. 여기서 경계 지어진 대로 보면, 길이 약 260킬로미터, 너비 약 80킬로미터밖에 되지 않는다. 영국의 절반도 안 되는 넓이이지만, 이것이 믿음의 조상에게 약속되고 이스라엘 자손이 점령한 땅이다. 이 작은 땅에서만 수백 년 동안 오직 하나님이 알려지고 그 이름이 위대하셨다(시편 76:1). 이곳이 여호와의 포도원이요 둘러싸인 동산이었다. 동산이나 포도원처럼 넓이의 부족함은 토양의 놀라운 풍요로움으로 넉넉히 보충되었으니, 그렇지 않았다면 그 안에 살았던 수많은 민족이 유지될 수 없었을 것이다.
여기서 보라. (1) 세상에서 하나님께 속한 부분이 얼마나 작은가. 땅과 그 충만함이 하나님의 것이지만, 그분을 알고 섬기는 자는 소수이다. 그러나 그 소수는 복되고 또 복되니, 하나님 앞에서 열매를 맺기 때문이다. (2) 하나님께서 얼마나 작은 세상 몫을 자기 백성에게 주시는가. 하늘에 그들의 분깃이 있는 자들은 이 땅의 작은 몫에 만족할 이유가 있다. 그러나 여기서와 같이 양의 부족함은 질로 채워진다. 하나님의 사랑에서 비롯되고 그분의 복이 함께하는 의인의 작은 소유가, 많은 악인의 재산보다 훨씬 낫고 더 위안이 된다(시편 37:16).
셋째, 그 경계와 한계가 무엇이었는지 살펴볼 만하다. (1) 가나안은 그 자체로 아름다운 땅이었지만(다니엘 8:9), 광야와 바다에 접하고 여러 우울한 광경으로 둘러싸여 있었다. 이처럼 교회라는 포도원은 사방이 이 세상의 광야로 에워싸여 있어서, 그것이 배경이 되어 교회의 아름다운 위치가 더욱 빛난다. (2) 많은 경계가 방어와 천연 요새 역할을 하여 적의 접근을 더 어렵게 만들었고, 이는 이스라엘에게 자연의 하나님이 그들의 보호자이시며 그분의 은혜가 방패처럼 그들을 두르실 것임을 암시한다. (3) 경계가 이집트 강에까지 이르렀으니(민수기 34:5), 자기 땅에서 내다볼 수 있는 그 나라를 바라보며 거기서의 종살이와 놀라운 구원을 기억하게 하려는 것이다. (4) 그 경계는 소금 바다에서 시작하여(민수기 34:3) 소금 바다에서 끝난다(민수기 34:12). 이것은 소돔과 고모라 멸망의 영속적인 기념물이었다. 그 도시들이 있던 아름답고 비옥한 골짜기는 호수가 되었는데, 어떤 바람에도 흔들리지 않고 배도 다니지 않으며 물고기도 없고 어떤 생물도 살지 않아 사해라 불렸다. 이것이 그들의 경계 일부가 된 것은, 소돔을 멸망시킨 죄를 조심하라는 끊임없는 경고가 되게 하려는 것이었다. 그러나 소돔의 죄악이 후에 이스라엘 안에서도 발견되었고(에스겔 16:49), 그로 인해 가나안은 소돔처럼 소금 바다가 되지는 않았지만 황량한 땅이 되어 오늘날까지 이어진다. (5) 서쪽 경계는 지중해였다(민수기 34:6). 어떤 이들은 이 바다 자체가 그들의 소유 일부였으며, 이 허가에 의해 그 지배권을 가졌고, 죄로 그것을 잃지 않았다면 그 주인이 될 수 있었다고 본다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-num-34-1-15(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
1~29절 카드 ↗
N U M B E R S CHAP. XXXIV. In this chapter God directs Moses, and he is to direct Israel, I. Concerning the bounds and borders of the land of Canaan, Numbers 34:1-15 . II. Concerning the division and distribution of it to the tribes of Israel, Numbers 34:16-29 , &c. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-15" class="com-number"
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Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
민수기 34장에서 하나님은 모세에게 지시하시고, 모세는 이스라엘에게 지시한다. 첫째, 가나안 땅의 경계와 국경에 관한 것이다(민수기 34:1-15). 둘째, 이스라엘 지파들에게 그 땅을 나누고 분배하는 것에 관한 것이다(민수기 34:16-29).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-num-34-intro(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
16~29절 카드 ↗
16 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 17 These are the names of the men which shall divide the land unto you: Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun. 18 And ye shall take one prince of every tribe, to divide the land by inheritance. 19 And the names of the men are these: Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the son of Jephunneh. 20 And of the tribe of the children of Simeon, Shemuel the son of Ammihud. 21 Of the tribe of Benjamin, Elidad the son of Chislon. 22 And the prince of the tribe of the children of Dan, Bukki the son of Jogli. 23 The prince of the children of Joseph, for the tribe of the children of Manasseh, Hanniel the son of Ephod. 24 And the prince of the tribe of the children of Ephraim, Kemuel the son of Shiphtan. 25 And the prince of the tribe of the children of Zebulun, Elizaphan the son of Parnach. 26 And the prince of the tribe of the children of Issachar, Paltiel the son of Azzan. 27 And the prince of the tribe of the children of Asher, Ahihud the son of Shelomi. 28 And the prince of the tribe of the children of Naphtali, Pedahel the son of Ammihud. 29 These are they whom the LORD commanded to divide the inheritance unto the children of Israel in the land of Canaan. God here appoints commissioners for the dividing of the land to them. The conquest of it is taken for granted, though as yet there was never a stroke struck towards it. Here is no nomination of the generals and commanders-in-chief that should carry on the war; for they were to get the land in possession, not by their own sword or bow, but by the power and favour of God; and so confident must they be of victory and success while God fought for them that the persons must now be named who should be entrusted with the dividing of the land, that is, who should preside in casting the lots, and determine controversies that might arise, and see that all was done fairly. 1. The principal commissioners, who were of the quorum, were Eleazar and Joshua ( Numbers 34:17 ; Numbers 34:17 ), typifying Christ, who, as priest and king, divides the heavenly Canaan to the spiritual Israel; yet, as they were to go by the lot, so Christ acknowledges the disposal must be by the will of the Father, Matthew 20:23 . Compare, Ephesians 1:11 . 2. Besides these, that there might be no suspicion of partiality, a prince of each tribe was appointed to inspect this matter, and to see that the tribe he served for was in no respect injured. Public affairs should be so managed as not only to give their right to all, but, if possible, to give satisfaction to all that they have justice done them., It is a happiness to a land to have the princes of their people meet together, some out of every tribe, to concert the affairs that are of common concern, a constitution which is the abundant honour, ease, and safety, of the nation that is blessed with it. 3. Some observe that the order of the tribes here very much differs from that in which they hitherto, upon all occasions, been named, and agrees with the neighbourhood of their lots in the division of the land. Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin, the first three here named, lay close together; the inheritance of Dan lay next them on one side, that of Ephraim and Manasseh on another side; Zebulun and Issachar lay abreast more northerly, and, lastly, Asher and Naphtali most northward of all, as is easy to observe in looking over a map of Canaan; this (says bishop Patrick) is an evidence that Moses was guided by a divine Spirit in his writings. Known unto God are all his works beforehand, and what is new and surprising to us he perfectly foresaw, without any confusion or uncertainty. return to ' Top of Page ' Numbers Num 33 Numbers Num Numbers Num 35 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Numbers 34". 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-num-34-006
절 (explains)
bible-text/num-34-16, bible-text/num-34-17, bible-text/num-34-18, bible-text/num-34-19, bible-text/num-34-20, bible-text/num-34-21, bible-text/num-34-22, bible-text/num-34-23, bible-text/num-34-24, bible-text/num-34-25, bible-text/num-34-26, bible-text/num-34-27, bible-text/num-34-28, bible-text/num-34-29
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**땅 분배를 위한 지도자 임명**
여호와께서 모세에게 말씀하셨다. 너희에게 땅을 나눠 줄 사람들의 이름은 이러하다. 제사장 엘르아살과 눈의 아들 여호수아이다. 그리고 각 지파에서 한 명씩 지도자를 택하여 기업으로 땅을 나누게 하라. 그 사람들의 이름은 이러하다. 유다 지파에서는 여분네의 아들 갈렙, 시므온 지파에서는 암미훗의 아들 스무엘, 베냐민 지파에서는 기슬론의 아들 엘리닷, 단 지파의 지도자는 요글리의 아들 북기, 요셉 자손 중 므낫세 지파의 지도자는 에봇의 아들 한니엘, 에브라임 지파의 지도자는 십단의 아들 그므엘, 스불론 지파의 지도자는 바르낙의 아들 엘리사반, 잇사갈 지파의 지도자는 앗산의 아들 발디엘, 아셀 지파의 지도자는 슬로미의 아들 아히훗, 납달리 지파의 지도자는 암미훗의 아들 브다헬이다. 이들이 여호와께서 가나안 땅에서 이스라엘 자손에게 기업을 나누도록 명령하신 자들이다.
하나님께서는 여기서 그 땅을 그들에게 나누어 줄 위원들을 임명하신다. 아직 그 땅을 향해 한 번의 공격도 이루어지지 않았지만, 정복은 기정사실로 받아들여진다. 전쟁을 이끌 장군들과 총사령관을 임명하는 내용은 없는데, 그들이 땅을 차지하게 될 것은 자신들의 칼과 활이 아니라 하나님의 능력과 은혜에 의한 것이기 때문이다. 하나님께서 그들을 위해 싸우시는 동안 승리와 성공을 확신하여, 땅을 나누는 일을 맡을 사람들이 지금 지명되어야 했다. 곧 제비 뽑기를 주관하고, 일어날 수 있는 분쟁을 해결하며, 모든 것이 공정하게 이루어지도록 감독할 자들이었다.
첫째, 정원을 구성하는 주요 위원들은 엘르아살과 여호수아였다(민수기 34:17). 이들은 제사장과 왕으로서 영적 이스라엘에게 하늘의 가나안을 나누어 주시는 그리스도를 예표한다. 그러나 그들이 제비 뽑기에 따라 해야 했던 것처럼, 그리스도도 그 분배가 아버지의 뜻에 달려 있음을 인정하신다(마태복음 20:23). 에베소서 1:11과 비교하라.
둘째, 편파성에 대한 의심이 없도록 각 지파에서 한 명의 지도자가 이 일을 감독하도록 임명되어, 자기가 대표하는 지파가 어떤 면에서도 손해를 입지 않도록 살피게 했다. 공적인 일들은 모든 이에게 그들의 권리를 줄 뿐 아니라, 가능하다면 모든 이에게 공정하게 처리되었다는 만족감을 줄 수 있도록 운영되어야 한다. 각 지파에서 지도자들이 모여 공동의 관심사를 협의하는 것은 그 나라에 복이 되는 일이니, 이런 제도가 있는 나라는 매우 영예롭고 편안하며 안전하다.
셋째, 어떤 이들은 여기서 지파들의 순서가 지금까지 모든 경우에 명명되던 순서와 크게 다르며, 땅 분배에서 그들의 제비와 이웃한 위치와 일치한다고 지적한다. 유다, 시므온, 베냐민 이 셋은 서로 인접했고, 단의 기업이 한 편에, 에브라임과 므낫세가 다른 편에 있었다. 스불론과 잇사갈은 더 북쪽에 나란히 있었고, 마지막으로 아셀과 납달리가 가장 북쪽에 있었는데, 이는 가나안 지도를 살펴보면 쉽게 알 수 있다. 패트릭 주교는 이것이 모세가 기록할 때 신적 성령의 인도를 받았다는 증거라고 말한다. 하나님께는 그분의 모든 역사가 미리 알려져 있으며, 우리에게 새롭고 놀라운 것도 그분은 어떠한 혼란이나 불확실함 없이 완전히 미리 아신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-num-34-16-29(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반