1~5절 카드 ↗
Law of the Peace-Offering. . 1 And if his oblation be a sacrifice of peace offering, if he offer it of the herd; whether it be a male or female, he shall offer it without blemish before the LORD . 2 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron's sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about. 3 And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the LORD ; the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards, 4 And the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away. 5 And Aaron's sons shall burn it on the altar upon the burnt sacrifice, which is upon the wood that is on the fire: it is an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD . The burnt-offerings had regard to God as in himself the best of beings, most perfect and excellent; they were purely expressive of adoration, and therefore were wholly burnt. But the peace-offerings had regard to God as a benefactor to his creatures, and the giver of all good things to us; and therefore these were divided between the altar, the priest, and the owner. Peace signifies, 1. Reconciliation, concord, and communion. And so these were called peace-offerings, because in them God and his people did, as it were, feast together, in token of friendship. The priest, who was ordained for men in things pertaining to God, gave part of this peace-offering to God (that part which he required, and it was fit he should be first served), burning it upon God's altar; part he gave to the offerer, to be eaten by him with his family and friends; and part he took to himself, as the days-man that laid his hand upon them both. They could not thus eat together unless they were agreed; so that it was a symbol of friendship and fellowship between God and man, and a confirmation of the covenant of peace. 2. It signifies prosperity and all happiness: Peace be to you was as much as, All good be to you; and so the peace-offerings were offered either, (1.) By way of supplication or request for some good that was wanted and desired. If a man was in the pursuit or expectation of any mercy, he would back his prayer for it with a peace-offering, and probably put up the prayer when he laid his hand upon the head of his offering. Christ is our peace, our peace-offering; for through him alone it is that we can expect to obtain mercy, and an answer of peace to our prayers; and in him an upright prayer shall be acceptable and successful, though we bring not a peace-offering. The less costly our devotions are the more lively and serious they should be. Or, (2.) By way of thanksgiving for some particular mercy received. It is called a peace-offering of thanksgiving, for so it was sometimes; as in other cases a vow, Leviticus 7:15 ; Leviticus 7:16 . And some make the original word to signify retribution. When they had received any special mercy, and were enquiring what they should render, this they were directed to render to the God of their mercies as a grateful acknowledgment for the benefit done to them, Psalms 116:12 . And we must offer to God the sacrifice of praise continually, by Christ our peace; and then this shall please the Lord better than an ox or bullock. Observe, I. As to the matter of the peace-offering, suppose it was of the herd, it must be without blemish; and, if it was so, it was indifferent whether it was male or female, Leviticus 3:1 ; Leviticus 3:1 . In our spiritual offerings, it is not the sex, but the heart, that God looks at, Galatians 3:28 . II. As to the management of it. 1. The offerer was, by a solemn manumission, to transfer his interest in it to God ( Leviticus 3:2 ; Leviticus 3:2 ), and, with his hand on the head of the sacrifice, to acknowledge the particular mercies for which he designed this a thank-offering, or, if it was a vow, to make his prayer. 2. It must be killed; and, although this might be done in any part of the court, yet it is said to be at the door of the tabernacle, because the mercies received or expected were acknowledged to come from God, and the prayers or praises were directed to him, and both, as it were, through that door. Our Lord Jesus has said, I am the door, for he is indeed the door of the tabernacle. 3. The priest must sprinkle the blood upon the altar, for it was the blood that made atonement for the soul; and, though this was not a sin-offering, yet we must be taught that in all our offerings we must have an eye to Christ as the propitiation for sin, as those who know that the best of their services cannot be accepted unless through him their sins be pardoned. Penitent confessions must always go along with our thankful acknowledgments; and, whatever mercy we pray for, in order to it we must pray for the removal of guilt, as that which keeps good things from us. First take away all iniquity, and then receive us graciously, or give good, Hosea 14:2 . 4. All the fat of the inwards, that which we call the tallow and suet, with the caul that encloses it and the kidneys in the midst of it, were to be taken away, and burnt upon the altar, as an offering made by fire, Leviticus 3:3-5 ; Leviticus 3:3-5 . And this was all that was sacrificed to the Lord out of the peace-offering; how the rest was to be disposed of we shall find, Leviticus 7:11-34 ; Leviticus 7:11-34 , c. It is ordered to be burnt upon the burnt-sacrifice, that is, the daily burnt-offering, the lamb which was offered every morning before any other sacrifice was offered so that the fat of the peace-offerings was an addition to that, and a continuation of it. The great sacrifice of peace, that of the Lamb of God which takes away the sins of the world, prepares the altar for our sacrifices of praise, which are not accepted till we are reconciled. Now the burning of this fat is supposed to signify, (1.) The offering up of our good affections to God in all our prayers and praises. God must have the inwards; for we must pour out our souls, and lift up our hearts, in prayer, and must bless his name with all that is within us. It is required that we be inward with God in every thing wherein we have to do with him. The fat denotes the best and choicest, which must always be devoted to God, who has made for us a feast of fat things. (2.) The mortifying of our corrupt affections and lusts, and the burning up of them by the fire of divine grace, Colossians 3:5 . Then we are truly thankful for former mercies, and prepared to receive further mercy, when we part with our sins, and have our minds cleared from all sensuality by the spirit of judgment and the spirit of burning, Isaiah 4:4 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-6-17" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**화목 제사의 규례 (레위기 3:1-5)**
번제는 그 자체로 가장 완전하고 탁월한 존재이신 하나님을 예배하는 의미를 지니며, 순전한 경배의 표현으로서 제물 전체가 불살라졌다. 반면 화목 제물은 피조물에게 복을 베푸시고 온갖 좋은 것을 주시는 하나님을 바라보는 의미를 지니며, 따라서 제물은 제단과 제사장과 예물을 드린 사람 사이에 나뉘었다.
"화목"이라는 단어는 두 가지 의미를 담고 있다.
첫째, 화해·친교·교제를 뜻한다. 이런 의미에서 이 제물들은 화목 제물이라 불렸는데, 이 제물을 통해 하나님과 그의 백성이 말하자면 함께 잔치를 벌이며 우정의 표시를 나누었기 때문이다. 하나님과 사람 사이의 중보자 역할을 하는 제사장은 이 화목 제물 중 일부를 하나님께 드렸고(하나님이 요구하신 부분이며, 먼저 섬겨지는 것이 마땅하다), 그 부분을 하나님의 제단 위에서 불살랐다. 또 일부는 예물을 드린 사람에게 주어 그의 가족과 친구들과 함께 먹게 했으며, 나머지 일부는 두 사람 모두에게 손을 얹은 중보자로서 제사장 자신이 받았다. 서로 동의하지 않으면 이렇게 함께 먹을 수 없었으므로, 이것은 하나님과 사람 사이의 우정과 교제의 상징이며 평화의 언약의 확인이었다.
둘째, 화목은 번영과 모든 행복을 뜻한다. "당신에게 평화가 있기를"이라는 말은 "당신에게 모든 복이 있기를"이라는 뜻과 같으며, 그러므로 화목 제물은 다음 두 가지 방식으로 드려졌다. (1) 구하거나 원하는 선한 것을 간구하는 탄원 또는 기도의 방식으로. 어떤 사람이 특정 은혜를 구하거나 기대할 때, 그는 화목 제물로 기도를 뒷받침했고, 아마도 자신의 제물 머리에 손을 얹을 때 기도를 드렸을 것이다. 그리스도는 우리의 평화, 우리의 화목 제물이시다. 오직 그를 통해서만 우리는 은혜를 얻고 기도에 대한 응답을 기대할 수 있다. 그 안에서 진실한 기도는 화목 제물을 가져오지 않아도 받아들여지고 응답받는다. 우리의 헌신이 덜 비용이 들수록, 더욱 생기 있고 진지해야 한다. (2) 받은 특정 은혜에 대한 감사의 방식으로. 이것은 감사의 화목 제물이라 불렸는데, 레위기 7:15-16에서 보듯이 서원과 같은 경우가 그러하다. 어떤 이들은 원어가 "갚음"을 의미한다고 보기도 한다. 특별한 은혜를 받았을 때 무엇을 드릴까 생각하며, 그들은 자신들에게 베푸신 하나님의 선하심에 대한 감사의 인정으로 이것을 드리도록 지시받았다(시편 116:12). 우리는 또한 그리스도를 통해 끊임없이 하나님께 찬양의 제물을 드려야 하며, 그렇게 하면 이것이 수소나 황소보다 하나님을 더 기쁘게 한다.
이제 화목 제물에 관한 구체적인 사항들을 살펴보자.
I. 화목 제물의 내용에 관하여: 소 떼에서 가져왔다면 흠이 없어야 했다. 그리고 그러하다면, 수컷이든 암컷이든 상관없었다(레위기 3:1). 영적 헌신에서 하나님이 보시는 것은 성별이 아니라 마음이다(갈라디아서 3:28).
II. 제물을 다루는 방법에 관하여. 1. 예물을 드리는 사람은 엄숙한 위임 행위로 자신의 제물에 대한 권리를 하나님께 양도해야 했다(레위기 3:2). 제물 머리에 손을 얹고, 이 제물을 감사 제물로 삼으려는 특정 은혜들을 고백하거나, 서원이라면 기도를 드렸다. 2. 제물을 잡아야 했다. 이것은 성막 뜰 어느 곳에서든 행할 수 있었지만, 회막 문 앞에서 행하는 것으로 기록되어 있는데, 받았거나 기대하는 은혜들이 하나님으로부터 온다는 것을, 그리고 기도나 찬양이 그분께 향한다는 것을, 말하자면 그 문을 통해서 드린다는 것을 인정하기 위함이었다. 주 예수님은 "나는 문이다"라고 말씀하셨으니, 그분은 참으로 성막의 문이시다. 3. 제사장은 제단에 피를 뿌려야 했는데, 피가 영혼을 위해 속죄를 이루었기 때문이다. 비록 이것이 속죄 제사는 아니었지만, 우리는 모든 예배에서 그리스도를 죄의 화목물로 바라보아야 함을 배워야 한다. 즉 자신의 죄가 그를 통해 용서받지 않는 한 자신의 최선의 예배도 받아들여지지 않는다는 것을 아는 자로서. 참회하는 고백이 항상 감사하는 인정과 함께해야 한다. 어떤 은혜를 구하든, 먼저 죄책을 제거해 달라고 기도해야 한다. 죄책이 바로 좋은 것들이 우리에게 오지 못하게 막는 것이기 때문이다. "모든 죄악을 제거하시고, 그런 후에 우리를 은혜로 받으소서"(호세아 14:2). 4. 내장의 모든 기름, 즉 기름기와 수지, 그것을 감싸는 기름막과 그 가운데 있는 콩팥들을 떼어내어 제단 위에서 불살라야 했다(레위기 3:3-5). 이것이 화목 제물에서 하나님께 제사로 바쳐지는 전부였다. 나머지를 어떻게 처리해야 하는지는 레위기 7:11-34에서 알 수 있다. 이 기름은 번제 위에, 즉 매일 아침 다른 어떤 제사보다 먼저 드려지던 어린 양의 매일 번제 위에서 태워야 했다. 그러므로 화목 제물의 기름은 그 제사에 더해지며 그것을 지속시켰다. 세상 죄를 지고 가는 하나님의 어린 양의 위대한 화목 제사가 우리의 찬양 제사를 위한 제단을 준비하는데, 이 찬양 제사는 우리가 화해받기 전까지는 받아들여지지 않는다.
이 기름을 태우는 것이 상징하는 바는 다음과 같다고 여겨진다.
(1) 모든 기도와 찬양에서 우리의 선한 감정을 하나님께 드림. 하나님은 내면을 받으셔야 하며, 기도에서 우리는 영혼을 쏟아붓고 마음을 들어올려야 하며, 우리 안에 있는 모든 것으로 그의 이름을 찬송해야 한다. 우리가 하나님과 관계되는 모든 일에서 그분과 내면적으로 교제해야 함이 요구된다. 기름은 가장 좋고 선택된 것을 나타내는데, 이것은 항상 하나님께 바쳐져야 한다. 그분은 우리를 위해 기름진 것들의 잔치를 마련하셨다.
(2) 우리의 부패한 감정과 정욕을 죽이고, 하나님의 은혜의 불로 그것들을 태움(골로새서 3:5). 그러면 우리는 이전의 은혜에 진정으로 감사하고 더 많은 은혜를 받을 준비가 된다. 우리의 죄를 버리고, 심판의 영과 불사르는 영으로 마음을 모든 세속적 욕망에서 정화할 때 그러하다(이사야 4:4).
원주석
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1~17절 카드 ↗
L E V I T C U S CHAP. III. In this chapter we have the law concerning the peace-offerings, whether they were, I. Of the heard, a bullock or a heifer, Leviticus 3:1-5 . Or, II. Of the flock, either a lamb ( Leviticus 3:6-11 ) or a goat, Leviticus 3:12-17 . The ordinances concerning each of these are much the same, yet they are repeated, to show the care we ought to take that all our services be done according to the appointment and the pleasure God takes in the services that are so performed. It is likewise to intimate what need we have of precept upon precept, and line upon line. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-5" class="com-number"
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레위기 3장에는 화목 제사에 관한 규례가 담겨 있다. 화목 제물이 소 떼에서 가져온 것(수소 또는 암소)일 경우는 1-5절에서, 양 떼에서 가져온 것(어린 양 또는 염소)일 경우는 6-17절에서 다룬다. 각 경우에 관한 규례는 내용이 거의 동일하게 반복되는데, 이는 우리의 모든 예배 행위가 하나님이 정하신 방식대로 이루어져야 함을 강조하며, 그렇게 드려진 예배를 하나님이 기뻐하신다는 사실을 보여 주기 위함이다. 또한 이는 우리에게 규례 위에 규례가, 교훈 위에 교훈이 얼마나 필요한지를 암시한다.
원주석
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6~17절 카드 ↗
6 And if his offering for a sacrifice of peace offering unto the LORD be of the flock; male or female, he shall offer it without blemish. 7 If he offer a lamb for his offering, then shall he offer it before the LORD . 8 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it before the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron's sons shall sprinkle the blood thereof round about upon the altar. 9 And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the LORD ; the fat thereof, and the whole rump, it shall he take off hard by the backbone; and the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards, 10 And the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away. 11 And the priest shall burn it upon the altar: it is the food of the offering made by fire unto the LORD . 12 And if his offering be a goat, then he shall offer it before the LORD . 13 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of it, and kill it before the tabernacle of the congregation: and the sons of Aaron shall sprinkle the blood thereof upon the altar round about. 14 And he shall offer thereof his offering, even an offering made by fire unto the LORD ; the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards, 15 And the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away. 16 And the priest shall burn them upon the altar: it is the food of the offering made by fire for a sweet savour: all the fat is the LORD 's. 17 It shall be a perpetual statute for your generations throughout all your dwellings, that ye eat neither fat nor blood. Directions are here given concerning the peace-offering, if it was a sheep or a goat. Turtle-doves or young pigeons, which might be brought for whole burnt offerings, were not allowed for peace-offerings, because they have no fat considerable enough to be burnt upon the altar; and they would be next to nothing if they were to be divided according to the law of the peace-offerings. The laws concerning a lamb or goat offered for a peace offering are much the same with those concerning a bullock, and little now occurs here; but, 1. The rump of the mutton was to be burnt with the fat of the inwards upon the altar, the whole rump ( Leviticus 3:9 ; Leviticus 3:9 ), because in those countries it was very fat and large. Some observe from this that, be a thing ever so contemptible, God can make it honourable, by applying it to his service. Thus God is said to give more abundant honour to that part which lacked, 1 Corinthians 12:23 ; 1 Corinthians 12:24 . 2. That which was burnt upon the altar is called the food of the offering, Leviticus 3:11 ; Leviticus 3:16 . It fed the holy fire; it was acceptable to God as our food is to us; and since in the tabernacle God did, as it were, keep house among them, by the offerings on the altar he kept a good table, as Solomon in his court, 1 Kings 4:22-28 , c. 3. Here is a general rule laid down, that all the fat is the Lord's ( Leviticus 3:16 ; Leviticus 3:16 ), and a law made thereupon, that they should eat neither fat nor blood, no, not in their private houses, Leviticus 3:17 ; Leviticus 3:17 . (1.) As for the fat, it is not meant of that which is interlarded with the meat (that they might eat, Nehemiah 8:10 ), but the fat of the inwards, the suet, which was always God's part out of the sacrificed beasts; and therefore they must not eat of it, no, not out of the beasts that they killed for their common use. Thus would God preserve the honour of that which was sacred to himself. They must not only not feed upon that fat which was to be the food of the altar, but not upon any like it, lest the table of the Lord (as the altar is called), if something were not reserved peculiar to it, should become contemptible, and the fruit thereof, even its meat, contemptible, Malachi 1:7 ; Malachi 1:12 . (2.) The blood was universally forbidden likewise, for the same reason that the fat was, because it was God's part of every sacrifice. The heathen drank the blood of their sacrifices; hence we read of their drink-offerings of blood, Psalms 16:4 . But God would not permit the blood, that made atonement, to be used as a common thing ( Hebrews 10:29 ), nor will he allow us, though we have the comfort of the atonement made, to assume to ourselves any share in the honour of making it. He that glories, let him glory in the Lord, and to his praise let all the blood be poured out. return to ' Top of Page ' Leviticus Lev 2 Leviticus Lev Leviticus Lev 4 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Leviticus 3". 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-lev-3-002 - part_of
pericope/per-lev-3-003
절 (explains)
bible-text/lev-3-6, bible-text/lev-3-7, bible-text/lev-3-8, bible-text/lev-3-9, bible-text/lev-3-10, bible-text/lev-3-11, bible-text/lev-3-12, bible-text/lev-3-13, bible-text/lev-3-14, bible-text/lev-3-15, bible-text/lev-3-16, bible-text/lev-3-17
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**양 떼와 염소로 드리는 화목 제물 (레위기 3:6-17)**
이 단락에서는 화목 제물이 양이나 염소일 경우에 관한 지침이 제시된다. 산비둘기나 어린 비둘기는 번제로는 드릴 수 있었지만 화목 제물로는 허용되지 않았는데, 이는 그것들에 제단에서 태울 만큼 충분한 기름기가 없기 때문이며, 화목 제물의 규례에 따라 나누어야 한다면 거의 아무것도 남지 않을 것이기 때문이다.
어린 양이나 염소를 화목 제물로 드리는 규례는 소에 관한 규례와 거의 같으며, 여기서 새로 주목할 점이 많지는 않다. 그러나 다음 몇 가지 사항을 살펴보자.
1. 양의 기름진 꼬리를 내장의 기름과 함께 제단 위에서 태워야 했으며, 꼬리 전체를 태워야 했다(레위기 3:9). 이는 그 지방에서 양의 꼬리가 매우 기름지고 크기 때문이었다. 이로부터 어떤 이들은 다음을 관찰한다. 아무리 보잘것없어 보이는 것도, 하나님의 섬김에 사용될 때 하나님이 그것을 명예롭게 만드실 수 있다. 이처럼 하나님은 부족한 부분에 더욱 풍성한 명예를 주신다고 말씀된다(고린도전서 12:23-24).
2. 제단에서 태워진 것은 제물의 음식이라 불렸다(레위기 3:11, 16). 그것은 거룩한 불을 먹였다. 그것은 우리에게 음식이 기쁨이 되듯 하나님께 기쁨이 되었다. 성막에서 하나님이 말하자면 그들 가운데 거처를 정하셨으므로, 제단의 제물들을 통해 그분은 마치 솔로몬이 그의 궁정에서처럼(열왕기상 4:22-28) 훌륭한 식탁을 유지하셨다.
3. 여기서 일반 원칙이 제시된다. 모든 기름은 여호와의 것이다(레위기 3:16). 이로부터 그들이 가정에서도 기름도 피도 먹어서는 안 된다는 법이 만들어졌다(레위기 3:17).
(1) 기름의 경우, 고기에 섞인 것을 말하는 것이 아니다(그것은 먹을 수 있었다, 느헤미야 8:10). 내장의 기름, 즉 희생 짐승에서 항상 하나님의 몫이었던 수지를 말하는 것이다. 따라서 그들은 일상적인 용도로 잡은 짐승에서도 그것을 먹어서는 안 되었다. 이렇게 하나님은 자신에게 성별된 것의 존귀함을 보전하고자 하셨다. 그들은 제단의 음식이 되어야 할 그 기름만을 삼가는 것이 아니라, 그와 유사한 것도 먹지 말아야 했다. 그렇게 하지 않으면 여호와의 식탁(제단이 그렇게 불린다)이, 그것만의 특별한 것이 없다면, 멸시받게 되고 그 열매, 곧 그 음식도 멸시받게 될 것이기 때문이다(말라기 1:7, 12).
(2) 피도 마찬가지로 보편적으로 금지되었는데, 기름이 금지된 것과 같은 이유에서였다. 피는 모든 제사에서 하나님의 몫이었기 때문이다. 이방 사람들은 자신들의 제사 피를 마셨으며, 그래서 우리는 그들의 피 전제에 대해 읽는다(시편 16:4). 그러나 하나님은 속죄를 이루는 피가 평범한 것으로 사용되는 것을 허락하지 않으셨으며(히브리서 10:29), 우리가 속죄의 위로를 얻더라도 그것을 이루는 영광에 우리 자신이 어떤 몫을 갖는 것도 허락하지 않으신다. 자랑하는 자는 주 안에서 자랑하라. 그분의 찬양을 위해 모든 피가 쏟아지게 하라.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-lev-3-6-17(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반