1~13절 카드 ↗
The Law Concerning Vows. . 1 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 2 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When a man shall make a singular vow, the persons shall be for the LORD by thy estimation. 3 And thy estimation shall be of the male from twenty years old even unto sixty years old, even thy estimation shall be fifty shekels of silver, after the shekel of the sanctuary. 4 And if it be a female, then thy estimation shall be thirty shekels. 5 And if it be from five years old even unto twenty years old, then thy estimation shall be of the male twenty shekels, and for the female ten shekels. 6 And if it be from a month old even unto five years old, then thy estimation shall be of the male five shekels of silver, and for the female thy estimation shall be three shekels of silver. 7 And if it be from sixty years old and above; if it be a male, then thy estimation shall be fifteen shekels, and for the female ten shekels. 8 But if he be poorer than thy estimation, then he shall present himself before the priest, and the priest shall value him; according to his ability that vowed shall the priest value him. 9 And if it be a beast, whereof men bring an offering unto the LORD , all that any man giveth of such unto the LORD shall be holy. 10 He shall not alter it, nor change it, a good for a bad, or a bad for a good: and if he shall at all change beast for beast, then it and the exchange thereof shall be holy. 11 And if it be any unclean beast, of which they do not offer a sacrifice unto the LORD , then he shall present the beast before the priest: 12 And the priest shall value it, whether it be good or bad: as thou valuest it, who art the priest, so shall it be. 13 But if he will at all redeem it, then he shall add a fifth part thereof unto thy estimation. This is part of the law concerning singular vows, extraordinary ones, which though God did not expressly insist on, yet, if they were consistent with and conformable to the general precepts, he would be well pleased with. Note, We should not only ask, What must we do, but, What may we do, for the glory and honour of God? As the liberal devises liberal things ( Isaiah 32:8 ), so the pious devises pious things, and the enlarged heart would willingly do something extraordinary in the service of so good a Master as God is. When we receive or expect some singular mercy it is good to honour God with some singular vow. I. The case is here put of persons vowed to God by a singular vow, Leviticus 27:2 ; Leviticus 27:2 . If a man consecrated himself, or a child, to the service of the tabernacle, to be employed there in some inferior office, as sweeping the floor, carrying out ashes, running of errands, or the like, the person so consecrated shall be for the Lord, that is, "God will graciously accept the good-will." Thou didst well that it was in thy heart, 2 Chronicles 6:8 . But forasmuch as he had no occasion to use their service about the tabernacle, a whole tribe being appropriated to the use of it, those that were thus vowed were to be redeemed, and the money paid for their redemption was employed for the repair of the sanctuary, or other uses of it, as appears by 2 Kings 12:14 , where it is called, in the margin, the money of the souls of his estimation. A book of rates is accordingly provided, by which the priests were to go in their estimation. Here is, 1. The rate of the middle-aged, between twenty and threescore, these were valued highest, because most serviceable; a male fifty shekels, and a female thirty, Leviticus 27:3 ; Leviticus 27:4 . The females were then less esteemed, but not so in Christ; for in Christ Jesus there is neither male nor female, Galatians 3:28 . Note, Those that are in the prime of their time must look upon themselves as obliged to do more in the service of God and their generation than can be expected either from minors, that have not yet arrived to their usefulness, or from the aged, that have survived it. 2. The rate of the youth between five years old and twenty was less, because they were then less capable of doing service, Leviticus 27:5 ; Leviticus 27:5 . 3. Infants under five years old were capable of being vowed to God by their parents, even before they were born, as Samuel was, but not to be presented and redeemed till a month old, that, as one sabbath passed over them before they were circumcised, so one new moon might pass over them before they were estimated; and their valuation was but small, Leviticus 27:6 ; Leviticus 27:6 . Samuel, who was thus vowed to God, was not redeemed, because he was a Levite, and a particular favourite, and therefore was employed in his childhood in the service of the tabernacle. 4. The aged are valued less than youth, but more than children, Leviticus 27:7 ; Leviticus 27:7 . And the Hebrews observe that the rate of an aged woman is two parts of three to that of an aged man, so that in that age the female came nearest to the value of the male, which occasioned (as bishop Patrick quotes it here) this saying among them, That an old woman in a house is a treasure in a house. Paul sets a great value upon the aged women, when he makes them teachers of good things, Titus 2:3 . 5. The poor shall be valued according to their ability, Leviticus 27:8 ; Leviticus 27:8 . Something they must pay, that they might learn not to be rash in vowing to God, for he hath no pleasure in fools, Ecclesiastes 5:4 . Yet not more than their ability, but secundum tenementum--according to their possessions, that they might not ruin themselves and their families by their zeal. Note, God expects and requires from men according to what they have, and not according to what they have not, Luke 21:4 . II. The case is put of beasts vowed to God, 1. If it was a clean beast, such as was offered in sacrifice, it must not be redeemed, nor any equivalent given for it: It shall be holy, Leviticus 27:9 ; Leviticus 27:10 . After it was vowed, it was not to be put to any common use, nor changed upon second thoughts; but it must be either offered upon the altar, or, if through any blemish it was not meet to be offered, he that vowed it should not take advantage of that, but the priests should have it for their own use (for they were God's receivers), or it should be sold for the service of the sanctuary. This teaches caution in making vows and constancy in keeping them when they are made; for it is a snare to a man to devour that which is holy, and after vows to make enquiry, Proverbs 20:25 . And to this that rule of charity seems to allude ( 2 Corinthians 9:7 ), Every man, according as he purposeth in his heart, so let him give. 2. If it was an unclean beast, it should go to the use of the priest at such a value; but he that vowed it, upon paying that value in money, and adding a fifth part more to it, might redeem it if he pleased, Leviticus 27:11-13 ; Leviticus 27:11-13 . It was fit that men should smart for their inconstancy. God has let us know his mind concerning his service, and he is not pleased if we do not know our own. God expects that those that deal with him should be at a point, and way what they will stand to. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-14-25" class="com-number"
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bible-text/lev-27-1, bible-text/lev-27-2, bible-text/lev-27-3, bible-text/lev-27-4, bible-text/lev-27-5, bible-text/lev-27-6, bible-text/lev-27-7, bible-text/lev-27-8, bible-text/lev-27-9, bible-text/lev-27-10, bible-text/lev-27-11, bible-text/lev-27-12, bible-text/lev-27-13
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
이것은 특별 서원, 곧 하나님께서 명시적으로 요구하시지는 않았으나 일반 계명에 합치하고 부합하면 기꺼이 받아 주시는 자원적 서원에 관한 규례의 일부다. 주목하라. 우리는 "무엇을 해야 하는가"뿐 아니라 "하나님의 영광과 존귀를 위해 무엇을 더 할 수 있는가"를 물어야 한다. 관대한 사람이 관대한 일을 계획하듯(사 32:8), 경건한 사람은 경건한 일을 계획하며, 넓어진 마음은 이토록 선하신 주인이신 하나님을 섬기는 일에 특별한 무언가를 행하기를 원한다. 특별한 은혜를 받거나 기대할 때 특별한 서원으로 하나님께 영광을 돌리는 것은 좋은 일이다.
**I. 특별 서원으로 사람을 하나님께 드리는 경우 (레 27:2)**
어떤 사람이 자기 자신이나 자녀를 성막 봉사에 헌신하겠다고 서원하되, 바닥 청소, 재 처리, 심부름 등의 하위 업무를 맡겠다고 할 경우, 그 헌신된 사람은 "여호와를 위한 자"가 된다. 다시 말해 "하나님께서는 그 선한 뜻을 기쁘게 받으신다." 네 마음에 이런 뜻이 있었으니 잘하였도다(대하 6:8). 그러나 레위 지파가 성막 봉사에 이미 배정되어 있었으므로 이렇게 서원된 사람들은 속량받아야 했고, 그 속량 금액은 성소 수리나 기타 용도로 사용되었다. 이는 열왕기하 12:14에서 "영혼 값의 돈"이라 불린 것에서 확인된다. 이를 위해 제사장이 가격을 산정할 요율표가 마련되었다.
1. **중년(20세부터 60세까지)**: 가장 유용하므로 가장 높이 평가된다 — 남자 50세겔, 여자 30세겔(레 27:3-4). 당시에는 여자가 덜 평가받았으나, 그리스도 안에서는 그렇지 않다. 그리스도 예수 안에서는 남자나 여자가 없다(갈 3:28). 주목하라. 인생의 절정기에 있는 사람들은 아직 유용함에 이르지 못한 미성년자나 이미 그 시기를 지난 노인보다 하나님과 그 세대를 섬기는 일에 더 많이 해야 한다는 의무감을 가져야 한다.
2. **5세부터 20세까지의 청소년**: 봉사 능력이 낮으므로 금액도 적다(레 27:5).
3. **5세 미만의 유아**: 사무엘처럼 태어나기 전에도 부모가 서원할 수 있었다. 한 달이 지나야 감정이 이루어지는데, 그것은 할례받기 전에 한 안식일이 지나듯 한 초하루가 지난 후에야 감정되기 때문이다. 그 금액은 적다(레 27:6). 레위 지파이자 특별한 총애를 받은 사무엘은 속량받지 않고, 어린 시절부터 성막 봉사에 직접 투입되었다.
4. **노인**: 청소년보다는 낮지만 어린이보다는 높이 평가된다(레 27:7). 히브리 학자들은 노년 여성의 금액이 노년 남성의 3분의 2라는 점을 지적하며, 이 나이에 여성이 남성의 가치에 가장 근접한다고 보았다. 이에 따라 "집에 있는 노파는 집의 보배"라는 말이 생겼다고 한다. 바울은 나이 든 여성들을 선한 것을 가르치는 자로 삼아(딛 2:3) 그들을 높이 평가했다.
5. **가난한 자**: 능력에 따라 감정된다(레 27:8). 무언가는 내야 한다 — 하나님께 서원하는 일에 경솔하지 않도록 배우기 위해서다. 하나님은 어리석은 자를 기뻐하지 아니하신다(전 5:4). 그러나 능력 이상을 요구하지 않으니, 자신과 가족을 망하게 할 만큼 열심히 하지 않아도 된다. 주목하라. 하나님은 사람이 없는 것이 아니라 있는 것에 따라 기대하시고 요구하신다(눅 21:4).
**II. 짐승을 서원하는 경우 (레 27:9-13)**
1. **정결한 짐승**: 제사에 쓰이는 짐승을 서원하면 속량할 수 없으며 대등한 것을 대신 줄 수도 없다 — 그것은 거룩한 것이다(레 27:9-10). 서원한 후에는 일반 용도로 쓸 수 없고, 변심하여 바꿀 수도 없다. 제단에 드리거나, 흠이 있어 제단에 적합하지 않은 경우 제사장에게 귀속되거나(제사장이 하나님의 대리인이므로), 성소를 위해 팔려야 한다. 이는 서원할 때 신중하고 서원 후에는 항상 지키도록 가르친다. "성별한 것을 삼키는 것과 서원한 후에 알아보는 것이 사람에게 덫이 되느니라"(잠 20:25). 이 원칙은 헌금에도 적용된다 — "각각 그 마음에 정한 대로 할 것이요"(고후 9:7).
2. **부정한 짐승**: 제사장이 감정한 가치로 제사장에게 귀속된다. 그러나 서원한 자가 원하면 그 감정액에 5분의 1을 더하여 속량할 수 있다(레 27:11-13). 자신의 변심에 대한 대가를 치르는 것이 마땅하다. 하나님은 그 섬김에 대한 뜻을 알려 주셨으니, 우리가 우리 자신의 뜻을 모르는 것은 합당하지 않다. 하나님은 자신과 거래하는 자들이 결단력 있고 자신의 입장을 고수하기를 기대하신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-lev-27-1-13(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
1~34절 카드 ↗
L E V I T C U S CHAP. XXVII. The Leviticus 26:46 seemed to close up the statute-book; yet this chapter is added as an appendix. Having given laws concerning instituted services, here he directs concerning vows and voluntary services, the free-will offerings of their mouth. Perhaps some devout serious people among them might be so affected with what Moses had delivered to them in the foregoing chapter as in a pang of zeal to consecrate themselves, or their children, or estates to him: this, because honestly meant, God would accept; but, because men are apt to repent of such vows, he leaves room for the redemption of what had been so consecrated, at a certain rate. Here is, I. The law concerning what was sanctified to God, persons ( Leviticus 27:2-8 ), cattle, clean or unclean ( Leviticus 27:9-13 ), houses and lands ( Leviticus 27:15-25 ), with an exception of firstlings, Leviticus 27:26 ; Leviticus 27:27 . II. Concerning what was devoted, Leviticus 27:28 ; Leviticus 27:29 . III. Concerning tithes, Leviticus 27:30-34 , &c. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-13" class="com-number"
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Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
레위기 26:46은 율법서의 마무리처럼 보이지만, 이 장은 부록으로 추가되었다. 앞 장들에서 제정된 예배 규례들을 다룬 후, 여기서는 서원과 자원하는 예물, 곧 입술에서 나오는 자유 헌물에 관한 지침을 제시한다. 앞 장에서 모세가 전한 내용에 크게 감동받은 경건하고 진지한 이스라엘 사람들이, 열심이 솟구치는 순간 자기 자신이나 자녀, 혹은 재산을 하나님께 드리겠다고 서원했을 수 있다. 이처럼 진심으로 드린 서원은 하나님께서 기꺼이 받으신다. 그러나 사람은 이런 서원을 후회하기 쉬우므로, 하나님은 일정한 금액으로 헌물을 속량할 길을 열어 두셨다.
이 장의 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 하나님께 성별된 것들에 관한 규례: 사람(레 27:2-8), 정결하거나 부정한 짐승(레 27:9-13), 집과 토지(레 27:15-25), 그리고 초태생에 대한 예외(레 27:26-27). 둘째, 바쳐 드린 것들에 관한 규례(레 27:28-29). 셋째, 십일조에 관한 규례(레 27:30-34).
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-lev-27-intro(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
14~25절 카드 ↗
Concerning Things Sanctified. . 14 And when a man shall sanctify his house to be holy unto the LORD , then the priest shall estimate it, whether it be good or bad: as the priest shall estimate it, so shall it stand. 15 And if he that sanctified it will redeem his house, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of thy estimation unto it, and it shall be his. 16 And if a man shall sanctify unto the LORD some part of a field of his possession, then thy estimation shall be according to the seed thereof: an homer of barley seed shall be valued at fifty shekels of silver. 17 If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee, according to thy estimation it shall stand. 18 But if he sanctify his field after the jubilee, then the priest shall reckon unto him the money according to the years that remain, even unto the year of the jubilee, and it shall be abated from thy estimation. 19 And if he that sanctified the field will in any wise redeem it, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of thy estimation unto it, and it shall be assured to him. 20 And if he will not redeem the field, or if he have sold the field to another man, it shall not be redeemed any more. 21 But the field, when it goeth out in the jubilee, shall be holy unto the LORD , as a field devoted; the possession thereof shall be the priest's. 22 And if a man sanctify unto the LORD a field which he hath bought, which is not of the fields of his possession; 23 Then the priest shall reckon unto him the worth of thy estimation, even unto the year of the jubilee: and he shall give thine estimation in that day, as a holy thing unto the LORD . 24 In the year of the jubilee the field shall return unto him of whom it was bought, even to him to whom the possession of the land did belong. 25 And all thy estimations shall be according to the shekel of the sanctuary: twenty gerahs shall be the shekel. Here is the law concerning real estates dedicated to the service of God by a singular vow. I. Suppose a man, in his zeal for the honour of God, should sanctify his house to God ( Leviticus 27:14 ; Leviticus 27:14 ), the house must be valued by the priest, and the money got by the sale of it was to be converted to the use of the sanctuary, which by degrees came to be greatly enriched with dedicated things, 1 Kings 15:15 . But, if the owner be inclined to redeem it himself, he must not have it so cheap as another, but must add a fifth part to the price, for he should have considered before he had vowed it, Leviticus 27:15 ; Leviticus 27:15 . To him that was necessitous God would abate the estimation ( Leviticus 27:8 ; Leviticus 27:8 ); but to him that was fickle and humoursome, and whose second thoughts inclined more to the world and his secular interest than his first, God would rise in the price. Blessed be God, there is a way of sanctifying our houses to be holy unto the Lord, without either selling them or buying them. If we and our houses serve the Lord, if religion rule in them, and we put away iniquity far from them, and have a church in our house, holiness to the Lord is written upon it, it is his, and he will dwell with us in it. II. Suppose a man should sanctify some part of his land to the Lord, giving it to pious uses, then a difference must be made between land that came to the donor by descent and that which came by purchase, and accordingly the case altered. 1. If it was the inheritance of his fathers, here called the field of his possession, which pertained to his family from the first division of Canaan, he might not give it all, no, not to the sanctuary; God would not admit such a degree of zeal as ruined a man's family. But he might sanctify or dedicate only some part of it, Leviticus 27:16 ; Leviticus 27:16 . And in that case, (1.) The land was to be valued (as our countrymen commonly compute land) by so many measures' sowing of barley. So much land as would take a homer, or chomer, of barley, which contained ten ephahs, Ezekiel 45:11 (not, as some have here mistaken it, an omer, which was but a tenth part of an ephah, Exodus 16:36 ), was valued at fifty shekels, a moderate price ( Leviticus 27:16 ; Leviticus 27:16 ), and that if it were sanctified immediately from the year of jubilee, Leviticus 27:17 ; Leviticus 27:17 . But, if some years after, there was to be a discount accordingly, even of that price, Leviticus 27:18 ; Leviticus 27:18 . And, (2.) When the value was fixed, the donor might, if he pleased, redeem it for sixty shekels the homer's sowing, which was with the addition of a fifth part: the money then went to the sanctuary, and the land reverted to him that had sanctified it, Leviticus 27:19 ; Leviticus 27:19 . But if he would not redeem it, and the priest sold it to another, then at the year of jubilee, beyond which the sale could not go, the land came to the priests, and was theirs for ever, Leviticus 27:20 ; Leviticus 27:21 . Note, What is given to the Lord ought not to be given with a power of revocation; what is devoted to the Lord must be his for ever, by a perpetual covenant. 2. If the land was his own purchase, and came not to him from his ancestors, then not the land itself, but the value of it was to be given to the priests for pious uses, Leviticus 27:22 ; Leviticus 27:24 . It was supposed that those who, by the blessing of God, had grown so rich as to become purchasers would think themselves obliged in gratitude to sanctify some part of their purchase, at least (and here they are not limited, but they might, if they pleased, sanctify the whole), to the service of God. For we ought to give as God prospers us, 1 Corinthians 16:2 . Purchasers are in a special manner bound to be charitable. Now, forasmuch as purchased lands were by a former law to return at the year of jubilee to the family from which they were purchased, God would not have that law and the intentions of it defeated by making the lands corban, a gift, Mark 7:11 . But it was to be computed how much the land was worth for so many years as were from the vow to the jubilee; for only so long it was his own, and God hates robbery for burnt-offerings. We can never acceptably serve God with that of which we have wronged our neighbour. And so much money he was to give for the present, and keep the land in his own hands till the year of jubilee, when it was to return free of all encumbrances, even that of its being dedicated to him of whom it was bought. The value of the shekel by which all these estimations were to be made is here ascertained ( Leviticus 27:25 ; Leviticus 27:25 ); it shall be twenty gerahs, and every gerah was sixteen barley-corns. This was fixed before ( Exodus 30:13 ); and, whereas there had been some alterations, it is again fixed in the laws of Ezekiel's visionary temple ( Ezekiel 45:12 ), to denote that the gospel should reduce things to their ancient standard. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-26-34" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-lev-27-004
절 (explains)
bible-text/lev-27-14, bible-text/lev-27-15, bible-text/lev-27-16, bible-text/lev-27-17, bible-text/lev-27-18, bible-text/lev-27-19, bible-text/lev-27-20, bible-text/lev-27-21, bible-text/lev-27-22, bible-text/lev-27-23, bible-text/lev-27-24, bible-text/lev-27-25
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
하나님께 특별 서원으로 헌납된 부동산에 관한 규례다.
**I. 집을 하나님께 성별하는 경우 (레 27:14)**
제사장이 그 가치를 감정하면, 그 돈은 성소 용도로 전환되어 성소를 점차 풍요롭게 했다(왕상 15:15). 그러나 본인이 되찾기를 원한다면, 다른 사람보다 더 비싸게 — 감정액에 5분의 1을 더하여 — 사야 한다. 서원하기 전에 생각했어야 했기 때문이다(레 27:15). 궁핍한 자에게는 감정액을 낮춰 주셨지만(레 27:8), 변덕스럽게 마음을 바꿔 세상적 이해관계를 처음 서원보다 앞에 두는 자에게는 가격을 높이신다. 감사하게도, 우리의 집을 팔거나 사지 않고도 여호와께 거룩하게 성별할 방법이 있다. 우리와 우리 집이 여호와를 섬기고(수 24:15), 집 안에 종교가 다스리며, 악을 멀리하고, 집에 교회가 있다면, "여호와께 거룩함"이 그 집에 새겨진 것이며, 그 집은 하나님의 것이고 그분이 우리와 함께 거하실 것이다.
**II. 토지를 하나님께 성별하는 경우 (레 27:16-24)**
헌납하는 땅이 상속 재산인지 구입한 것인지에 따라 처리 방식이 달라진다.
1. **상속 토지(조상으로부터 물려받은 땅)**: 전부를 드릴 수는 없다 — 하나님은 가문을 망하게 할 만큼의 열심은 허용하지 않으신다. 그 일부만 성별할 수 있다(레 27:16). 이 경우 (1) 보리 한 호멜(호렙 10에바, 겔 45:11 참조 — 에바의 10분의 1에 불과한 오멜과 혼동하지 말 것, 출 16:36)을 뿌릴 만한 땅을 50세겔로 평가한다(레 27:16). 이는 희년 직후에 성별되었을 때의 가격이다(레 27:17). 그 이후에 성별되었다면 그에 따라 감액된다(레 27:18). (2) 가격이 확정되면, 헌납자가 원할 경우 5분의 1을 더하여 속량할 수 있다. 그러면 돈은 성소로 가고 땅은 그에게 돌아온다(레 27:19). 그러나 속량하지 않고 제사장이 다른 사람에게 팔면, 희년이 되어도 그 땅은 제사장에게 귀속되어 영구히 제사장의 것이 된다(레 27:20-21). 주목하라. 하나님께 드린 것은 취소 권한 없이 드려야 한다. 하나님께 헌신된 것은 영원한 언약으로 그분의 것이 되어야 한다.
2. **구입 토지(조상으로부터 물려받지 않은 땅)**: 땅 자체가 아닌 그 가치가 경건한 용도를 위해 제사장에게 드려진다(레 27:22-24). 하나님의 축복으로 부유해져 땅을 살 정도가 된 사람은 감사의 마음으로 구입한 땅의 일부, 최소한 일부라도(여기서는 제한을 두지 않으므로 전부도 가능), 하나님의 섬김을 위해 성별해야 한다. "각각 그 형편에 따라 드릴 것이니라"(고전 16:2). 구입한 사람은 특별히 자선에 의무를 진다. 그런데 구입한 땅은 이전 법에 따라 희년에 원 가문에 돌아가야 하므로(레 25장), 하나님은 이 땅을 고르반, 즉 하나님께 드린 것이라 하여 그 법의 의도를 무효화하는 것을 허용하지 않으신다(막 7:11). 서원일로부터 희년까지의 연수에 해당하는 가치를 현금으로 내고, 희년까지 땅을 계속 사용하면 된다. 희년이 되면 그 땅은 원 구입자에게 어떠한 부담도 없이 돌아간다.
감정의 기준이 되는 세겔의 가치가 확정된다(레 27:25) — 20게라. 이는 이미 확정된 것이며(출 30:13), 에스겔 환상의 성전 법에서도 재확인된다(겔 45:12). 이는 복음이 사물을 고대의 표준으로 되돌릴 것을 나타낸다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-lev-27-14-25(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
26~34절 카드 ↗
26 Only the firstling of the beasts, which should be the LORD 's firstling, no man shall sanctify it; whether it be ox, or sheep: it is the LORD 's. 27 And if it be of an unclean beast, then he shall redeem it according to thine estimation, and shall add a fifth part of it thereto: or if it be not redeemed, then it shall be sold according to thy estimation. 28 Notwithstanding no devoted thing, that a man shall devote unto the LORD of all that he hath, both of man and beast, and of the field of his possession, shall be sold or redeemed: every devoted thing is most holy unto the LORD . 29 None devoted, which shall be devoted of men, shall be redeemed; but shall surely be put to death. 30 And all the tithe of the land, whether of the seed of the land, or of the fruit of the tree, is the LORD 's: it is holy unto the LORD . 31 And if a man will at all redeem ought of his tithes, he shall add thereto the fifth part thereof. 32 And concerning the tithe of the herd, or of the flock, even of whatsoever passeth under the rod, the tenth shall be holy unto the LORD . 33 He shall not search whether it be good or bad, neither shall he change it: and if he change it at all, then both it and the change thereof shall be holy; it shall not be redeemed. 34 These are the commandments, which the LORD commanded Moses for the children of Israel in mount Sinai. Here is, I. A caution given that no man should make such a jest of sanctifying things to the Lord as to sanctify any firstling to him, for that was his already by the law, Leviticus 27:26 ; Leviticus 27:26 . Though the matter of a general vow be that which we were before obliged to, as of our sacramental covenant, yet a singular vow should be of that which we were not, in such circumstances and proportions, antecedently bound to. The law concerning the firstlings of unclean beasts ( Leviticus 27:27 ; Leviticus 27:27 ) is the same with that before, Leviticus 27:11 ; Leviticus 27:12 . II. Things or persons devoted are here distinguished from things or persons that were only sanctified. 1. Devoted things were most holy to the Lord, and could neither revert nor be alienated, Leviticus 27:28 ; Leviticus 27:28 . They were of the same nature with those sacrifices which were called most holy, which none might touch but only the priests themselves. The difference between these and other sanctified things arose from the different expression of the vow. If a man dedicated any thing to God, binding himself with a solemn curse never to alienate it to any other purpose, then it was a thing devoted. 2. Devoted persons were to be put to death, Leviticus 27:29 ; Leviticus 27:29 . Not that it was in the power of any parent or master thus to devote a child or a servant to death; but it must be meant of the public enemies of Israel, who, either by the appointment of God or by the sentence of the congregation, were devoted, as the seven nations with which they must make no league. The city of Jericho in particular was thus devoted, Joshua 6:17 . The inhabitants of Jabesh-Gilead were put to death for violating the curse pronounced upon those who came not up to Mizpeh, Judges 21:9 ; Judges 21:10 . Some think it was for want of being rightly informed of the true intent and meaning of this law that Jephtha sacrificed his daughter as one devoted, who might not be redeemed. III. A law concerning tithes, which were paid for the service of God before the law, as appears by Abraham's payment of them, ( Genesis 14:20 ), and Jacob's promise of them, Genesis 28:22 . It is here appointed, 1. That they should pay tithe of all their increase, their corn, trees, and cattle, Leviticus 27:30 ; Leviticus 27:32 . Whatsoever productions they had the benefit of God must be honoured with the tithe of, if it were titheable. Thus they acknowledged God to be the owner of their land, the giver of its fruits, and themselves to be his tenants, and dependents upon him. Thus they gave him thanks for the plenty they enjoyed, and supplicated his favour in the continuance of it. And we are taught in general to honour the Lord with our substance ( Proverbs 3:9 ), and in particular to support and maintain his ministers, and to be ready to communicate to them, Galatians 6:6 ; 1 Corinthians 9:11 . And how this may be done in a fitter and more equal proportion than that of the tenth, which God himself appointed of old, I cannot see. 2. That which was once marked for tithe should not be altered, no, not for a better ( Leviticus 27:33 ; Leviticus 27:33 ), for Providence directed the rod that marked it. God would accept it though it were not the best, and they must not grudge it though it were, for it was what passed under the rod. 3. That it should not be redeemed, unless the owner would give a fifth part more for its ransom, Leviticus 27:31 ; Leviticus 27:31 . If men had the curiosity to prefer what was marked for tithe before any other part of their increase, it was fit that they should pay for their curiosity. IV. The Leviticus 27:34 seems to have reference to this whole book of which it is the conclusion: These are the commandments which the Lord commanded Moses, for the children of Israel. Many of these commandments are moral, and of perpetual obligation; others of them, which were ceremonial and peculiar to the Jewish economy, have notwithstanding a spiritual significancy, and are instructive to us who are furnished with a key to let us into the mysteries contained in them; for unto us, by those institutions, is the gospel preached as well as unto them, Hebrews 4:2 . Upon the whole matter, we may see cause to bless God that we have not come to mount Sinai, Hebrews 12:18 . 1. That we are not under the dark shadows of the law, but enjoy the clear light of the gospel, which shows us Christ the end of the law for righteousness, Romans 10:4 . The doctrine of our reconciliation to God by a Mediator is not clouded with the smoke of burning sacrifices, but cleared by the knowledge of Christ and him crucified. 2. That we are not under the heavy yoke of the law, and the carnal ordinances of it (as the apostle calls them, Hebrews 9:10 ), imposed till the time of reformation, a yoke which neither they nor their fathers were able to bear ( Acts 15:10 ), but under the sweet and easy institutions of the gospel, which pronounces those the true worshippers that worship the Father in spirit and truth, by Christ only, and in his name, who is our priest, temple, altar, sacrifice, purification, and all. Let us not therefore think that because we are not tied to the ceremonial cleansings, feasts, and oblations, a little care, time, and expense, will serve to honour God with. No, but rather have our hearts more enlarge with free-will offerings to his praise, more inflamed with holy love and joy, and more engaged in seriousness of thought and sincerity of intention. Having boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus, let us draw near with a true heart, and full assurance of faith, worshipping God with so much the more cheerfulness and humble confidence, still saying, Blessed be God for Jesus Christ! return to ' Top of Page ' Leviticus Lev 26 Leviticus Lev Numbers Num 1 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Leviticus 27". 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-lev-27-005 - part_of
pericope/per-lev-27-006 - part_of
pericope/per-lev-27-007 - part_of
pericope/per-lev-27-008
절 (explains)
bible-text/lev-27-26, bible-text/lev-27-27, bible-text/lev-27-28, bible-text/lev-27-29, bible-text/lev-27-30, bible-text/lev-27-31, bible-text/lev-27-32, bible-text/lev-27-33, bible-text/lev-27-34
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**I. 초태생에 관한 경고 (레 27:26)**
아무도 초태생을 하나님께 성별하는 장난을 쳐서는 안 된다 — 초태생은 이미 율법에 따라 하나님의 것이기 때문이다. 일반적 서원의 내용이 이미 의무적인 것(예: 성례적 언약)이라도 특별 서원은 이미 의무적으로 묶여 있지 않은 것이어야 한다. 부정한 짐승의 초태생에 관한 규례(레 27:27)는 앞의 규례(레 27:11-12)와 동일하다.
**II. 헌신된 것(devoted)과 단순히 성별된 것(sanctified)의 구분 (레 27:28-29)**
1. **헌신된 물건**: 가장 거룩하게 여호와께 바쳐진 것으로, 돌려받거나 양도할 수 없다(레 27:28). 이것들은 제사장들 자신만 만질 수 있는 지성물 제사와 같은 성격이다. 단순히 성별된 것과의 차이는 서원의 표현 방식에 있다. 어떤 것을 하나님께 드리면서 다른 목적으로는 절대 사용하지 않겠다고 엄숙한 저주로 묶으면, 그것은 헌신된 것이 된다.
2. **헌신된 사람**: 사형에 처해야 한다(레 27:29). 부모나 주인이 자녀나 종을 죽음으로 헌신할 권한이 있다는 뜻이 아니다. 이는 이스라엘의 공적 원수들, 즉 하나님의 임명이나 회중의 판결로 헌신된 자들, 예를 들어 이스라엘이 언약을 맺지 말아야 할 일곱 민족을 가리킨다. 여리고 성이 특별히 이렇게 헌신되었다(수 6:17). 미스바에 올라오지 않은 자들에 대한 저주를 어긴 야베스 길르앗 주민들이 처형되었다(삿 21:9-10). 입다가 헌신된 자는 속량받을 수 없다는 이 율법의 참뜻을 제대로 이해하지 못하여 딸을 희생시켰다고 보는 이들도 있다.
**III. 십일조에 관한 규례 (레 27:30-33)**
십일조는 율법이 있기 전부터 하나님께 드렸다 — 아브라함의 납부(창 14:20)와 야곱의 서원(창 28:22)에서 볼 수 있다. 여기서 규정된 내용은 다음과 같다.
1. **납부 의무**: 토지 소산, 수목의 열매, 가축의 십일조를 드려야 한다(레 27:30, 32). 혜택을 받은 모든 소산에서 십일조를 드려야 한다. 이로써 그들은 하나님을 땅의 소유자요 열매의 수여자로 인정하고, 자신들이 그분의 소작인이자 의존자임을 고백했다. 또한 누리는 풍요에 감사드리고 그 지속을 간구했다. 우리도 일반적으로 재물로 여호와를 공경하고(잠 3:9), 특별히 하나님의 사역자들을 돕고 그들과 교통하는 일을 감당해야 한다(갈 6:6; 고전 9:11). 하나님 자신이 예로부터 지정하신 10분의 1보다 더 적절하고 공평한 방식이 무엇인지 나로서는 알 수 없다.
2. **고정성**: 십일조로 표시된 것은 좋은 것으로도 바꿀 수 없다(레 27:33). 섭리가 그것을 표시한 막대를 인도했기 때문이다. 하나님은 최선이 아니어도 받으시며, 그것이 최선이라도 우리는 아까워해서는 안 된다 — 그것이 막대 아래를 통과한 것이기 때문이다.
3. **속량 시 추가 납부**: 십일조를 속량하려면 5분의 1을 더 내야 한다(레 27:31). 십일조로 표시된 것을 다른 것보다 더 원하는 호기심이 있다면, 그 호기심에 대한 대가를 치르는 것이 마땅하다.
**IV. 마무리 말씀 (레 27:34)**
이 절은 레위기 전체 책의 결론인 듯하다 — "이것들은 여호와께서 시내 산에서 이스라엘 자손을 위하여 모세에게 명령하신 계명들이니라." 이 계명들 중 많은 것은 도덕적이며 영구적 의무를 지닌다. 의식적이고 유대 경제에 특유한 것들도 우리를 위한 신령한 의미를 담고 있어, 그 안에 담긴 비밀을 열어주는 열쇠를 갖춘 우리에게 교훈이 된다. 그 제도들을 통해 그들에게만큼 우리에게도 복음이 전파되기 때문이다(히 4:2).
전체적으로 볼 때, 우리는 시내 산에 이르지 않은 것을 하나님께 감사해야 한다(히 12:18).
첫째, 우리는 율법의 어두운 그림자 아래 있지 않고 복음의 밝은 빛을 누린다. 이 빛은 의를 위하여 율법의 마침이 되시는 그리스도를 보여 준다(롬 10:4). 중보자를 통한 하나님과의 화목 교리가 번제 연기로 흐려지지 않고, 그리스도와 그분의 십자가에 대한 지식으로 밝아졌다.
둘째, 우리는 율법의 무거운 멍에와 그 육적 규례들(히 9:10) — 개혁의 때까지 부과된, 그들도 조상들도 감당하지 못한 멍에(행 15:10) — 아래 있지 않다. 우리는 복음의 달콤하고 쉬운 제도 아래 있으며, 이는 아버지를 신령과 진정으로 그리스도 안에서 오직 그분의 이름으로 예배하는 자들을 참 예배자라 선언한다. 그리스도는 우리의 제사장이시요, 성전이시요, 제단이시요, 제물이시요, 정결케 하심이시요, 모든 것이 되신다.
그러므로 의식적 정결 예식, 절기, 제물에 묶여 있지 않다고 해서 적은 관심과 시간과 비용으로 하나님을 영화롭게 해도 된다고 생각해서는 안 된다. 오히려 자원하는 헌물로 그분을 찬양하는 데 마음이 더욱 확장되고, 거룩한 사랑과 기쁨으로 더욱 불타오르며, 생각의 진지함과 의도의 진실함에 더욱 힘써야 한다. 예수님의 피로 지성소에 들어갈 담력이 있으니, 참된 마음과 믿음의 확신으로 가까이 나아가 더욱 기쁨과 겸손한 확신으로 하나님을 예배하되, 항상 이렇게 말하라 — "예수 그리스도로 말미암아 하나님께 찬양을 드립니다!"
원주석
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