1절 카드 ↗
1. What then shall we say? Throughout this chapter the Apostle proves, that they who imagine that gratuitous righteousness is given us by him, apart from newness of life, shamefully rend Christ asunder: nay, he goes further, and refers to this objection, — that there seems in this case to be an opportunity for the display of grace, if men continued fixed in sin. We indeed know that nothing is more natural than that the flesh should indulge itself under any excuse, and also that Satan should invent all kinds of slander, in order to discredit the doctrine of grace; which to him is by no means difficult. For since everything that is announced concerning Christ seems very paradoxical to human judgment, it ought not to be deemed a new thing, that the flesh, hearing of justification by faith, should so often strike, as it were, against so many stumbling-stones. Let us, however, go on in our course; nor let Christ be suppressed, because he is to many a stone of offense, and a rock of stumbling; for as he is for ruin to the ungodly, so he is to the godly for a resurrection. We ought, at the same time, ever to obviate unreasonable questions, lest the Christian faith should appear to contain anything absurd. The Apostle now takes notice of that most common objection against the preaching of divine grace, which is this, — “That if it be true, that the more bountifully and abundantly will the grace of God aid us, the more completely we are overwhelmed with the mass of sin; then nothing is better for us than to be sunk into the depth of sin, and often to provoke God’s wrath with new offenses; for then at length we shall find more abounding grace; than which nothing better can be desired.” The refutation of this we shall here after meet with. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
1. **그런즉 우리가 무슨 말 하리요?** 이 장 전체에 걸쳐 사도는 값없이 우리에게 주어지는 의가 새 삶의 갱신 없이도 주어진다고 생각하는 자들이 그리스도를 부끄럽게 찢어버린다는 것을 증명한다. 더 나아가 그는 이 반론을 다룬다. 사람들이 죄에 계속 고착되어 있다면 이 경우에 은혜를 나타낼 기회가 있는 것처럼 보인다는 것이다. 우리는 육신이 어떤 구실 아래서도 방종하게 되는 것이 얼마나 자연스러운지, 또한 사탄이 은혜의 교리를 신뢰하지 못하게 하기 위해 온갖 종류의 중상을 어떻게 꾸며내는지를 잘 알고 있다. 이것은 그에게 결코 어려운 일이 아니다. 그리스도에 관해 공표되는 모든 것이 인간의 판단에는 매우 역설적으로 보이기 때문에, 육신이 믿음으로 의롭다 하심을 듣고 그렇게 많은 걸림돌에 거듭 부딪힌다고 해서 새로운 일로 여길 것이 없다.
그러나 우리의 노정을 계속하자. 그리스도가 많은 이에게 넘어지는 돌이요 거치는 반석이라 하여 억압되지 않도록 하자. 경건하지 못한 자들에게는 멸망이 되지만 경건한 자들에게는 부활이 되기 때문이다. 동시에 불합리한 질문들을 항상 차단하여 기독교 신앙이 어떤 불합리함을 담고 있는 것처럼 보이지 않게 해야 한다. 사도는 이제 신적 은혜의 설교에 맞서는 가장 일반적인 반론을 다룬다. 그것은 이렇다. "죄의 덩어리에 더 완전히 압도될수록 하나님의 은혜가 더 풍성하고 넘치게 우리를 돕는다면, 죄의 깊은 곳으로 빠져들고 새로운 범죄로 하나님의 진노를 자주 촉발시키는 것이 우리에게 가장 좋다. 그러면 마침내 더 풍성한 은혜를 발견할 것이다. 그보다 더 좋은 것은 없다."
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
2절 카드 ↗
2. By no means. To some the Apostle seems to have only intended indignantly to reprove a madness so outrageous; but it appears from other places that he commonly used an answer of this kind, even while carrying on a long argument; as indeed he does here, for he proceeds carefully to disprove the propounded slander. He, however, first rejects it by an indignant negative, in order to impress it on the minds of his readers, that nothing can be more inconsistent than that the grace of Christ, the repairer of our righteousness, should nourish our vices. Who have died to sin, etc. An argument derived from what is of an opposite character. “He who sins certainly lives to sin; we have died to sin through the grace of Christ; then it is false, that what abolishes sin gives vigor to it.” The state of the case is really this, — that the faithful are never reconciled to God without the gift of regeneration; nay, we are for this end justified, — that we may afterwards serve God in holiness of life. Christ indeed does not cleanse us by his blood, nor render God propitious to us by his expiation, in any other way than by making us partakers of his Spirit, who renews us to a holy life. It would then be a most strange inversion of the work of God were sin to gather strength on account of the grace which is offered to us in Christ; for medicine is not a feeder of the disease, which it destroys. (183) We must further bear in mind, what I have already referred to — that Paul does not state here what God finds us to be, when he calls us to an union with his Son, but what it behoves us to be, after he has had mercy on us, and has freely adopted us; for by an adverb, denoting a future time, he shows what kind of change ought to follow righteousness. (183) This phrase, “died to sin,” is evidently misapprehended by [ Haldane ] Having been offended, and justly so, by an unguarded and erroneous expression of [ Stuart ], derived from [ Chrysostom ], and by the false rendering of [ Macknight ], he went to another extreme, and maintained, that to die, or to be dead to sin, means to be freed from its guilt, while the whole context proves, that it means deliverance from its power as a master, from the servitude or bondage of sin. To live in it, does not mean to live under its guilt, but in its service and under its ruling power; and this is what the Apostle represents as a contrast to being dead to sin. Not to “serve sin,” in Romans 6:6 , is its true explanation. See also Romans 6:11 . The very argument requires this meaning. The question in the first verse, — Shall we continue in sin?” does not surely mean — shall we continue in or under the guilt of sin? but in its service, and in the practice of it. It was the chapter of practical licentiousness that the Apostle rebuts; and he employs an argument suitable to the purpose, “If we are dead to sin, freed from it as our master, how absurd it is to suppose that we can live any longer in its service?” Then he shows in what follows how this had been effected. This is clearly the import of the passage, and so taken by almost all commentators. But it must be added, that [ Venema ] and [ Chalmers ] materially agree with [ Haldane ] The former says that to “die to sin” is to give to sin what it demands and that is, death; and that when this is given, it can require nothing more. In this sense, he adds, Christ died to sin ( Romans 6:10 ); and in the same sense believers die to sin, being, as they are, united to Christ, his death being viewed as their death. However true this theology may be, (and [ Chalmers ] shows this in his own inimitable manner,) it does not seem to be taught here: though there may be something in one or two expressions to favor it; yet the whole tenor of the passage, and many of the phrases, seem clearly to constrain us to adopt the other view. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
2. **그럴 수 없느니라.** 어떤 이들은 사도가 단지 이처럼 격노한 광기를 분노로 꾸짖으려 했다고 생각한다. 그러나 다른 곳들에서 그는 이런 종류의 대답을, 심지어 긴 논증을 계속하면서도 흔히 사용했다는 것이 분명하다. 여기서도 실제로 그렇게 하는데, 제기된 중상을 조심스럽게 논박하기 때문이다. 그러나 그는 먼저 분노한 부정으로 그것을 거부한다. 독자들의 마음에, 우리의 의로움을 회복하시는 그리스도의 은혜가 우리의 악덕들을 먹여 기른다는 것보다 더 모순된 것은 없다는 것을 각인하기 위해서이다.
**죄에 대하여 죽은 우리가** 등. 반대되는 것으로부터 이끌어낸 논증이다. "죄를 범하는 자는 확실히 죄에 대해 산다. 우리는 그리스도의 은혜로 죄에 대해 죽었다. 그러면 죄를 폐지하는 것이 그것에 활력을 준다는 것은 거짓이다." 실제로 사정은 이렇다. 신실한 자들은 거듭남의 선물 없이 결코 하나님과 화목하게 되지 않는다. 오히려 우리가 의롭다 하심을 받는 것은 이 목적을 위해서이다. 우리가 이후에 삶의 거룩함으로 하나님을 섬기기 위해서이다. 그리스도는 실로 우리를 자신의 피로 깨끗이 하시고 자신의 속죄로 하나님을 우리에게 화목하게 하신다. 그러나 이것은 오직 우리를 거룩한 삶으로 새롭게 하시는 자신의 성령의 참여자로 만드심으로써만 이루어진다. 따라서 그리스도 안에서 우리에게 제공되는 은혜를 인해 죄가 힘을 얻는다면, 그것은 하나님 역사의 가장 이상한 전도(顚倒)일 것이다. 의약은 그것이 파괴하는 질병을 먹여 기르지 않기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-2-2(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
3절 카드 ↗
3. Know ye not , etc. What he intimated in the last verse — that Christ destroys sin in his people, he proves here by mentioning the effect of baptism, by which we are initiated into his faith; for it is beyond any question, that we put on Christ in baptism, and that we are baptized for this end — that we may be one with him. But Paul takes up another principle — that we are then really united to the body of Christ, when his death brings forth in us its fruit; yea, he teaches us, that this fellowship as to death is what is to be mainly regarded in baptism; for not washing alone is set forth in it, but also the putting to death and the dying of the old man. It is hence evident, that when we become partakers of the grace of Christ, immediately the efficacy of his death appears. But the benefit of this fellowship as to the death of Christ is described in what follows. (184) (184) “Baptized into ( εἰς ) Christ,” “baptized into ( εἰς ) Moses,” 1 Corinthians 10:2 , “baptized into ( εἰς ) one body,” 1 Corinthians 12:13 , are all the same forms of expression, and must mean, that by the rite of baptism a professed union is made, and, in the two first instances, a submission to the authority exercised is avowed. By “baptized into his death,” we are to understand, “baptized,” in order to die with him, or to die as he died; not that the death is the same; for it is a like death, as it is expressed in Romans 6:5 , as the resurrection is a like resurrection. His death was natural, ours is spiritual; the same difference holds as to the resurrection. It is the likeness that is throughout to be regarded; and this is the key to the whole passage. It is true, that through the efficacy of Christ’s death alone the death of his people takes place, and through the operation of his Spirit; but to teach this is not the design of the Apostle here; his object seems to be merely to show that a change takes place in every true Christian, symbolized by baptism, and that this change bears a likeness to the death and resurrection of our Savior. He speaks of baptism here not merely as a symbol, but as including what it symbolizes; as he does in a similar passage, Colossians 2:11 , where he refers to this change, first under the symbol of circumcision, and then of baptism; which clearly proves that the same thing is signified by both. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
3. **알지 못하느냐** 등. 그는 앞 절에서 암시한 것, 즉 그리스도께서 자신의 백성 안에서 죄를 파괴하신다는 것을, 여기서 그의 믿음으로 입교하는 세례의 효과를 언급함으로써 증명한다. 세례에서 우리가 그리스도를 입는다는 것, 그리고 우리가 그와 하나가 되기 위해 세례를 받는다는 것은 의심의 여지가 없기 때문이다. 그러나 바울은 또 다른 원칙을 취한다. 그리스도의 죽음이 우리 안에서 열매를 맺을 때 우리는 그의 몸과 진정으로 하나가 된다는 것이다. 심지어 이 죽음의 교제가 세례에서 주로 여겨져야 한다고 가르친다. 씻음만이 나타내지는 것이 아니라 옛 사람의 죽임과 죽음도 나타나기 때문이다. 그러므로 우리가 그리스도의 은혜 참여자가 될 때 즉시 그의 죽음의 효력이 나타난다는 것이 분명하다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-3-3(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
4절 카드 ↗
4. We have then been buried with him, etc. He now begins to indicate the object of our having been baptized into the death of Christ, though he does not yet completely unfold it; and the object is — that we, being dead to ourselves, may become new creatures. He rightly makes a transition from a fellowship in death to a fellowship in life; for these two things are connected together by an indissoluble knot — that the old man is destroyed by the death of Christ, and that his resurrection brings righteousness, and renders us new creatures. And surely, since Christ has been given to us for life, to what purpose is it that we die with him except that we may rise to a better life? And hence for no other reason does he slay what is mortal in us, but that he may give us life again. Let us know, that the Apostle does not simply exhort us to imitate Christ, as though he had said that the death of Christ is a pattern which all Christians are to follow; for no doubt he ascends higher, as he announces a doctrine, with which he connects, as it is evident, an exhortation; and his doctrine is this — that the death of Christ is efficacious to destroy and demolish the depravity of our flesh, and his resurrection, to effect the renovation of a better nature, and that by baptism we are admitted into a participation of this grace. This foundation being laid, Christians may very suitably be exhorted to strive to respond to their calling. Farther, it is not to the point to say, that this power is not apparent in all the baptized; for Paul, according to his usual manner, where he speaks of the faithful, connects the reality and the effect with the outward sign; for we know that whatever the Lord offers by the visible symbol is confirmed and ratified by their faith. In short, he teaches what is the real character of baptism when rightly received. So he testifies to the Galatians, that all who have been baptized into Christ, have put on Christ. ( Galatians 3:27 .) Thus indeed must we speak, as long as the institution of the Lord and the faith of the godly unite together; for we never have naked and empty symbols, except when our ingratitude and wickedness hinder the working of divine beneficence. (185) By the glory of the Father, that is, by that illustrious power by which he exhibited himself as really glorious, and as it were manifested the greatness of his glory. Thus often is the power of God, which was exercised in the resurrection of Christ, set forth in Scripture in sublime terms, and not without reason; for it is of great importance, that by so explicit a record of the ineffable power of God, not only faith in the last resurrection, which far exceeds the perception of the flesh, but also as to other benefits which we receive from the resurrection of Christ, should be highly commended to us. (186) (185) That the mode of baptism, immersion , is intimated by “buried,” has been thought by most, by [ Chrysostom ], [ Augustine ], [ Hammond ], [ Pareus ], [ Mede ], [ Grotius ], [ Doddridge ], [ Chalmers ], and others; while some, such as [ Scott ], [ Stuart ], and [ Hodge ], do not consider this as necessarily intended, the word “buried” having been adopted to express more fully what is meant by being “dead,” and there being another word, “planted,” used to convey the same idea, which cannot be applied to the rite of baptism. “Buried with him,” means buried like him, or in like manner; and so “crucified with him,” in Romans 6:6 , is the same : συν prefixed to verbs, has clearly this meaning. See Romans 8:17 ; Colossians 3:1 ; 2 Timothy 2:11 . “Into death” is not to be connected with “planted,” but with “baptism,” it was “a baptism into death,’ that is, which represented death, even death unto sin. — Ed. (186) [ Beza ] takes διὰ, by , before “glory,” in the sense of εἰς, to , “to the glory of the Father;” but this is unusual. It seems to be a metonymy, the effect for the cause: it was done by power which manifested and redounded to the glory of God. The word “glory , δόξα, is used for power in John 11:40 . The Hebrew word, עוז strength, power, is sometimes rendered δόξα by the Septuagint; see Psalms 68:34 ; Isaiah 12:2 . God’s power is often expressly mentioned in connection with the resurrection; See 1 Corinthians 6:14 , 2 Corinthians 13:4 ; Colossians 1:11 . — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
4. **그러므로 우리가 그의 죽으심과 합하여 세례를 받음으로** 등. 이제 그는 우리가 그리스도의 죽음 안으로 세례를 받은 목적이 무엇인지 나타내기 시작한다. 아직 완전히 펼치지는 않지만, 그 목적은 우리가 자신에 대해 죽어 새 피조물이 되는 것이다. 그는 죽음의 교제에서 생명의 교제로 당연히 이행한다. 이 두 가지 일은 풀 수 없는 매듭으로 연결되어 있기 때문이다. 곧 옛 사람은 그리스도의 죽음으로 파괴되고, 그의 부활은 의를 가져오고 우리를 새 피조물로 만든다는 것이다. 정말로 그리스도께서 생명을 위해 우리에게 주어지셨으므로, 우리가 그와 함께 죽는 것의 목적이 더 나은 생명으로 일어나는 것이 아니라면 무슨 의미가 있겠는가? 그러므로 우리 안에 있는 죽을 것을 죽이시는 것은 오직 우리에게 다시 생명을 주시기 위해서이다.
사도가 단순히 우리에게 그리스도를 본받으라고 권고하는 것이 아님을 알아야 한다. 마치 그리스도의 죽음이 모든 기독교인이 따라야 할 본이라고 말하는 것처럼 말이다. 의심할 여지 없이 그는 더 높은 것으로 나아간다. 그는 교리를 선포하면서 거기에 분명히 권고를 연결한다. 그의 교리는 이것이다. 그리스도의 죽음이 우리 육신의 부패를 파괴하고 철거하는 데 효력 있고, 그의 부활이 더 나은 본성의 갱신을 이루는 데 효력 있으며, 우리는 세례를 통해 이 은혜의 참여로 인도된다. 이 기초가 놓이면 기독교인들이 자신의 부르심에 응답하도록 매우 적절하게 권고받을 수 있다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-4-4(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
5절 카드 ↗
5. For if we have been ingrafted , etc. He strengthens in plainer words the argument he has already stated; for the similitude which he mentions leaves now nothing doubtful, inasmuch as grafting designates not only a conformity of example, but a secret union, by which we are joined to him; so that he, reviving us by his Spirit, transfers his own virtue to us. Hence as the graft has the same life or death in common with the tree into which it is ingrafted, so it is reasonable that we should be partakers of the life no less than of the death of Christ; for if we are ingrafted according to the likeness of Christ’s death, which was not without a resurrection, then our death shall not be without a resurrection. But the words admit of a twofold explanation, — either that we are ingrafted in Christ into the likeness of his death, or, that we are simply ingrafted in its likeness. The first reading would require the Greek dative ὁμοιώματι , to be understood as pointing out the manner; nor do I deny but that it has a fuller meaning: but as the other harmonizes more with simplicity of expression, I have preferred it; though it signifies but little, as both come to the same meaning. [ Chrysostom ] thought that Paul used the expression, “likeness of death,” for death, as he says in another place, “being made in the likeness of men.” But it seems to me that there is something more significant in the expression; for it not only serves to intimate a resurrection, but it seems also to indicate this — that we die not like Christ a natural death, but that there is a similarity between our and his death; for as he by death died in the flesh, which he had assumed from us, so we also die in ourselves, that we may live in him. It is not then the same, but a similar death; for we are to notice the connection between the death of our present life and spiritual renovation. Ingrafted , etc. There is great force in this word, and it clearly shows, that the Apostle does not exhort, but rather teach us what benefit we derive from Christ; for he requires nothing from us, which is to be done by our attention and diligence, but speaks of the grafting made by the hand of God. But there is no reason why you should seek to apply the metaphor or comparison in every particular; for between the grafting of trees, and this which is spiritual, a disparity will soon meet us: in the former the graft draws its aliment from the root, but retains its own nature in the fruit; but in the latter not only we derive the vigor and nourishment of life from Christ, but we also pass from our own to his nature. The Apostle, however, meant to express nothing else but the efficacy of the death of Christ, which manifests itself in putting to death our flesh, and also the efficacy of his resurrection, in renewing within us a spiritual nature. (187) (187) The word σύμφυτοι, is rendered insititii by [ Calvin ], and the same by [ Erasmus ], [ Pareus ], and [ Hammond ]. The Vulgate has “ complantati — planted together; [ Beza ], “ cum eo plantati coaluimus — being planted with him we grow together;” [ Doddridge ], “grow together;” and [ Macknight ], “planted together.” The word properly means either to grow together, or to be born together; and φύω never means to graft. It is only found here; and it is applied by the Septuagint , in Zechariah 11:2 , to a forest growing together. The verb συμφύω is once used in Luke 8:7 , and refers to the thorns which sprang up with the corn. It occurs as a participle in the same sense in the Wisdom of Solomon 13:13 . It appears from [ Wolfius ] that the word is used by Greek authors in a sense not strictly literal, to express congeniality, conjoining, union, as the sameness of disposition, or the joining together of a dismembered limb, or, as [ Grotius ] says, the union of friendship. It might be so taken here, and the verse might be thus rendered, — For if we have been united (or, connected) by a similarity to his death, we shall certainly be also united by a similarity to his resurrection. The genitive case here may be regarded as that of the object, as the love of God means sometimes love to God. Evidently the truth intended to be conveyed is, that as the Christian’s death to sin bears likeness to Christ’s death, so his rising to a spiritual life is certain to bear a similar likeness to Christ’s resurrection. Then in the following verses this is more fully explained. “The Apostle,” says [ Beza ], “uses the future tense, ‘we shall be,’ because we are not as yet wholly dead, or wholly risen, but are daily emerging.” But the future here, as [ Stuart ] remarks, may be considered as expressing what is to follow the death previously mentioned, or as designating an obligation , as in Matthew 4:10 ; Luke 3:10 ; or a certainty as to the result. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-rom-6-001
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Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
5. **만일 우리가 그의 죽으심과 같은 모양으로 연합한 자가 되었으면** 등. 그는 이미 말한 논증을 더 평이한 말로 강화한다. 그가 언급하는 유사성은 이제 아무것도 의심스럽지 않게 만들기 때문이다. 접붙임은 실례의 일치만이 아니라 우리가 그에게 연결되는 비밀스러운 연합을 가리킨다. 그래서 그가 자신의 성령으로 우리를 소생시키면서 자신의 덕을 우리에게 전달한다. 따라서 접붙임이 자신이 접붙여진 나무와 생명이나 죽음을 공유하듯이, 우리가 그리스도의 죽음 못지않게 그의 생명의 참여자가 되는 것은 당연하다. 그리스도의 죽음의 모양으로 접붙임을 받는다면, 그 죽음이 부활 없이 있지 않았으므로 우리의 죽음도 부활 없이 있지 않을 것이다.
이 표현은 두 가지 의미로 이해될 수 있다. 그리스도의 죽음의 모양 안으로 그에게 접붙임을 받거나, 혹은 단순히 그 모양 안에 접붙임을 받거나. 두 가지 모두 동일한 의미에 이르기 때문에 나는 더 단순한 표현을 선호했다. 사도가 죽음의 **모양**이라는 표현을 사용한 것은 우리가 그리스도처럼 자연적인 죽음을 죽는 것이 아니라, 우리의 죽음과 그의 죽음 사이에 유사성이 있다는 것을 나타내기 위해서이다. 그가 우리에게서 취한 육신으로 죽음으로써 죽으신 것처럼, 우리도 우리 자신 안에서 죽어야 그 안에서 산다. 그것은 동일한 죽음이 아니라 유사한 죽음이다.
**접붙임을 받았으면** 등. 이 단어에 큰 힘이 있어, 사도가 권고하는 것이 아니라 우리가 그리스도에게서 무슨 유익을 얻는지를 가르친다는 것을 분명히 보여준다. 그는 우리의 주의와 부지런함으로 행해야 할 것을 요구하는 것이 아니라, 하나님의 손으로 이루어진 접붙임에 대해 말한다. 그러나 나무의 접붙임과 이 영적인 접붙임 사이에 있는 모든 세부적인 것에 비유를 적용하려 할 필요는 없다. 전자에서는 접붙임이 뿌리에서 양분을 취하지만 열매에서는 자신의 본성을 유지한다. 그러나 후자에서는 우리가 그리스도에게서 생명의 활력과 영양을 얻을 뿐만 아니라 우리 자신의 본성에서 그의 본성으로 옮겨간다. 그러나 사도가 표현하려 했던 것은 육신을 죽이는 데 나타나는 그리스도의 죽음의 효력, 그리고 우리 안에 영적 본성을 새롭게 하는 그의 부활의 효력뿐이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-5-5(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
6절 카드 ↗
6. That our old man , etc. The old man, as the Old Testament is so called with reference to the New; for he begins to be old, when he is by degrees destroyed by a commencing regeneration. But what he means is the whole nature which we bring from the womb, and which is so incapable of the kingdom of God, that it must so far die as we are renewed to real life. This old man, he says, is fastened to the cross of Christ, for by its power he is slain: and he expressly referred to the cross, that he might more distinctly show, that we cannot be otherwise put to death than by partaking of his death. For I do not agree with those who think that he used the word crucified, rather than dead, because he still lives, and is in some respects vigorous. It is indeed a correct sentiment, but not suitable to this passage. The body of sin, which he afterwards mentions, does not mean flesh and bones, but the corrupted mass; for man, left to his own nature, is a mass made up of sin. (188) He points out the end for which this destruction is effected, when he says, so that we may no longer serve sin . It hence follows, that as long as we are children of Adam, and nothing more than men, we are in bondage to sin, that we can do nothing else but sin; but that being grafted in Christ, we are delivered from this miserable thraldom; not that we immediately cease entirely to sin, but that we become at last victorious in the contest. (188) It is thought by [ Pareus ] and others, that “body” is here assigned to “sin,” in allusion to the crucifixion that is mentioned, as a body in that case is fixed to the cross, and that it means the whole congeries, or, as Calvin calls it, the whole mass of sins, such as pride, passion, lust, etc. But the reason for using the word “body,” is more probably this, because he called innate sin, man — “the old man;” and what properly belongs to man is a body. The “body of sin” is a Hebraism, and signifies a sinful body. It has no special reference to the material body, as [ Origen ] thought. The “man” here is to be taken in a spiritual sense, as one who has a mind, reason, and affections: therefore the body which belongs to him must be of the same character: it is the whole of what appertains to “the old man,” as he is corrupt and sinful, the whole of what is earthly, wicked, and depraved in him. It is the sinful body of the old man. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
6. **우리의 옛 사람이** 등. 구약이 신약에 대한 관계에서 그렇게 불리듯이 옛 사람이라 불린다. 시작된 거듭남으로 점차 파괴될 때 그는 낡아지기 시작한다. 그가 의미하는 것은 우리가 태중에서 가져오는 전 본성이다. 이 본성은 하나님 나라에 아무 적합함이 없어서 우리가 진정한 생명으로 새로워지는 만큼 죽어야 한다. 이 옛 사람은 그리스도의 십자가에 못 박혔다고 그는 말한다. 그것이 십자가의 능력으로 죽임을 당하기 때문이다. 그리고 그는 명시적으로 십자가를 언급하여 우리가 그의 죽음에 참여하는 것 외에 다른 방식으로 죽임을 당할 수 없다는 것을 더 분명히 보이기 위해서이다.
그가 이후에 언급하는 **죄의 몸**은 살과 뼈를 의미하는 것이 아니라 부패한 덩어리를 의미한다. 자신의 본성에 방치된 사람은 죄로 이루어진 덩어리이기 때문이다. 이 파괴가 이루어지는 목적을 그는 **우리가 다시는 죄에게 종노릇 하지 아니하려 함이라**고 말할 때 지적한다. 그러므로 우리가 아담의 자녀요 그 이상이 아닌 한, 우리는 죄의 노예로서 죄 외에 다른 것을 할 수 없다는 것이 따라온다. 그러나 그리스도 안에 접붙임을 받아 이 비참한 속박에서 해방된다. 즉시 죄를 완전히 그치는 것이 아니라 결국 싸움에서 승리자가 된다는 의미이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-6-6(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
7절 카드 ↗
7. For he who has died , etc. This is an argument derived from what belongs to death or from its effect. For if death destroys all the actions of life, we who have died to sin ought to cease from those actions which it exercised during its life. Take justified for freed or reclaimed from bondage; for as he is freed from the bond of a charge, who is absolved by the sentence of a judge; so death, by freeing us from this life, sets us free from all its functions. (189) But though among men there is found no such example, there is yet no reason why you should think, that what is said here is a vain speculation, or despond in your minds, because you find not yourselves to be of the number of those who have wholly crucified the flesh; for this work of God is not completed in the day in which it is begun in us; but it gradually goes on, and by daily advances is brought by degrees to its end. So then take this as the sum of the whole, — “If thou art a Christian, there must appear in thee an evidence of a fellowship as to the death of Christ; the fruit of which is, that thy flesh is crucified together with all its lusts; but this fellowship is not to be considered as not existing, because thou findest that the relics of the flesh still live in thee; but its increase ought to be diligently labored for, until thou arrivest at the goal.” It is indeed well with us, if our flesh is continually mortified; nor is it a small attainment, when the reigning power, being taken away from it, is wielded by the Holy Spirit. There is another fellowship as to the death of Christ, of which the Apostle often speaks, as he does in 2 Corinthians 4:0 , that is, the bearing of the cross, which is followed by a joint-participation also of eternal life. (189) This verse has occasioned various explanations. The most obvious meaning of the first clause is, that to “die” here means to die with or in a similar manner with Christ, for in the next verse, where the idea is resumed, “with” or like “Christ,” is expressly stated. The verb , δεδικαίωται, “is,” or has been “justified,” has been considered by the early and most of the later commentators in the sense of being freed or delivered. This is the view, among others, of [ Chrysostom ], [ Basil ], [ Œcumenius ], [ Beza ], [ Pareus ], [ Hammond ], [ Grotius ], [ Doddridge ] and [ Macknight ] But it must be added, that it is a meaning of which there is no other clear instance in the New Testament, though the verb occurs often. [ Scott ], aware of this, gives it its common meaning, “justified;” and though he does not take the view of [ Venema ], [ Chalmers ], and [ Haldane ], as to the general import of the former part of this chapter, he yet considers that to be “justified from sin” here, is to be justified from its guilt and penalty. Nor is it irrelevant to the subject in hand to refer to justification: for it is a very important truth to declare, that to die to sin is an evidence of being justified from its guilt. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-8" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
7. **이는 죽은 자가** 등. 이것은 죽음에 속하는 것 또는 그 결과로부터 이끌어낸 논증이다. 죽음이 삶의 모든 행위를 파괴한다면, 죄에 대해 죽은 우리는 죄가 살아있는 동안 행사하던 행위들을 그쳐야 한다. **의롭다 하심을 받았다**는 것을 속박에서 해방되거나 되찾았다는 의미로 이해하라. 판사의 선고로 무죄 석방되는 자가 고소의 속박에서 자유롭게 되듯이, 죽음도 이 생애에서 우리를 해방시킴으로써 그것의 모든 기능에서 우리를 자유롭게 한다.
그러나 사람들 가운데 그런 실례를 발견하지 못한다고 해서, 여기서 말해진 것이 헛된 사변이라고 생각하거나, 자신이 육신을 완전히 십자가에 못 박은 자들 중에 포함되지 않는다는 것을 발견하고 마음이 낙담해서는 안 된다. 하나님의 이 역사는 우리 안에서 시작된 날에 완성되지 않는다. 오히려 점차 나아가고 날마다 발전하여 마침내 그 목표에 이른다. 그러므로 이것을 전체의 요약으로 취하라. "그대가 기독교인이라면, 그리스도의 죽음의 교제의 증거가 그대 안에 나타나야 한다. 그 열매는 그대의 육신이 그 모든 정욕과 함께 십자가에 못 박히는 것이다. 그러나 이 교제가 그대 안에 아직도 육신의 잔재들이 살아있다는 것을 발견한다고 해서 존재하지 않는 것으로 여겨져서는 안 된다. 그보다 그것의 증가를 위해 부지런히 노력해야 한다. 목표에 이를 때까지 말이다."
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-7-7(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
8절 카드 ↗
8. But if we have died , etc. He repeats this for no other end but that he might subjoin the explanation which follows, that Christ, having once risen, dies no more. And hereby he teaches us that newness of life is to be pursued by Christians as long as they live; for since they ought to represent in themselves an image of Christ, both by crucifying the flesh and by a spiritual life, it is necessary that the former should be done once for all, and that the latter should be carried on continually: not that the flesh, as we have already said, dies in us in a moment, but that we ought not to retrograde in the work of crucifying it. For if we roll again in our own filth, we deny Christ; of whom we cannot be the participators except through newness of life, inasmuch as he lives an incorruptible life. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
8. **만일 우리가 그리스도와 함께 죽었으면** 등. 그는 이것을 오직 다음에 이어지는 설명을 덧붙이기 위해 반복한다. 곧 그리스도께서 한 번 부활하신 뒤에는 다시 죽지 않으신다는 것이다. 이로써 그는 기독교인들이 살아있는 동안 계속 새 삶을 추구해야 한다는 것을 가르친다. 그들이 그리스도의 형상을 자신들 안에 나타내야 하는데, 육신을 십자가에 못 박는 것과 영적인 삶 둘 다를 통해서이다. 따라서 전자는 한 번에 이루어지고 후자는 지속적으로 수행되어야 한다. 육신이 우리 안에서 순식간에 죽는 것이 아니지만, 우리는 그것을 십자가에 못 박는 일에서 뒤로 물러서지 않아야 한다. 우리가 다시 자신의 더러움으로 굴러간다면 그리스도를 부정하는 것이다. 우리는 오직 새 삶을 통해서만 그의 참여자가 될 수 있는데, 그가 부패하지 않는 생명을 사시기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-8-8(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
9절 카드 ↗
9. Death no more rules over him, etc. He seems to imply that death once ruled over Christ; and indeed when he gave himself up to death for us, he in a manner surrendered and subjected himself to its power; it was however in such a way that it was impossible that he should be kept bound by its pangs, so as to succumb to or to be swallowed up by them. He, therefore, by submitting to its dominion, as it were, for a moment, destroyed it for ever. Yet, to speak more simply, the dominion of death is to be referred to the state of death voluntarily undergone, which the resurrection terminated. The meaning is, that Christ, who now vivifies the faithful by his Spirit, or breathes his own life into them by his secret power from heaven, was freed from the dominion of death when he arose, that by virtue of the same dominion he might render free all his people. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
9. **죽은 자 가운데서 살아나셨으매 다시 죽지 아니하시고** 등. 그는 죽음이 한때 그리스도 위에 통치했음을 암시하는 것처럼 보인다. 실로 그가 우리를 위해 죽음에 자신을 내어주셨을 때, 어떤 의미에서 그 권세에 자신을 굴복시키고 복종시키셨다. 그러나 그 방식은 그가 그것의 고통에 묶여 굴복하거나 삼켜질 수 없었다. 그러므로 말하자면 잠시 그 지배에 복종하심으로써 그는 그것을 영원히 파괴하셨다. 더 단순하게 말하자면, 죽음의 지배는 자발적으로 당하신 죽음의 상태를 가리키는데, 부활이 그것을 끝냈다. 그 의미는 이렇다. 자신의 성령으로 신실한 자들에게 생기를 주시거나 하늘에서 비밀한 능력으로 자신의 생명을 그들에게 불어넣으시는 그리스도께서, 부활하셨을 때 죽음의 지배에서 해방되셨다. 동일한 지배의 능력으로 자신의 모든 백성을 자유롭게 하시기 위해서이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-9-9(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
10절 카드 ↗
10. He died once to sin, etc. What he had said — that we, according to the example of Christ, are for ever freed from the yoke of death, he now applies to his present purpose, and that is this — that we are no more subject to the tyranny of sin, and this he proves from the designed object of Christ’s death; for he died that he might destroy sin. But we must observe what is suitable to Christ in this form of expression; for he is not said to die to sin, so as to cease from it, as the words must be taken when applied to us, but that he underwent death on account of sin, that having made himself ἀντίλυτρον , a ransom, he might annihilate the power and dominion of sin. (190) And he says that he died once , not only because he has by having obtained eternal redemption by one offering, and by having made an expiation for sin by his blood, sanctified the faithful for ever; but also in order that a mutual likeness may exist between us. For though spiritual death makes continual advances in us, we are yet said properly to die only once, that is, when Christ, reconciling us by his blood to the Father, regenerates us at the same time by the power of his Spirit. But that he lives , etc. Whether you add with or in God, it comes to the same meaning; for he shows that Christ lives a life subject to no mortality in the immortal and incorruptible kingdom of God; a type of which ought to appear in the regeneration of the godly. We must here remember the particle of likeness, so ; for he says not that we shall now live in heaven, as Christ lives there; but he makes the new life, which after regeneration we live on earth, similar to his celestial life. When he says that we ought to die to sin , according to his example, we are not to suppose it to be the same kind of death; for we die to sin, when sin dies in us, but it was otherwise with Christ; by dying it was that he conquered sin. But he had just said before, that we believe that we shall have life in common with him, he fully shows by the word believing that he speaks of the grace of Christ: for if he only reminded us of a duty, his mode of speaking would have been this, “Since we die with Christ, we ought also to live with him.” But the word believing denotes that he treats here of doctrine which is based on the promises; as though he had said, that the faithful ought to feel assured that they are through the kindness of Christ dead as to the flesh, and that the same Christ will preserve them in newness of life to the end. But the future time of the verb live , refers not to the last resurrection, but simply denotes the continued course of a new life, as long as we peregrinate on the earth. (190) This difference may be gathered from the general tenor of the whole passage; for his death and our death are said to have a likeness , and not to be same. And farther, in mentioning our death in this connection, in the next verse, he changes his phraseology; it is νεκροὺς and not εἶναι, which means those deprived of life — the lifeless. “The dead ( νεκροὺς ) in trespasses and sins,” are those who have no spiritual life; and to be dead to sin is not to have life for sin, to be freed from its ruling power. See Romans 6:18 It is usual with the Apostle to adopt the same form of words in different senses, which can only be distinguished by the context or by other parts of Scripture, as it has been noticed in a note on Romans 4:25 . — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-11" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
10. **그가 죽으심은 죄에 대하여 단번에 죽으심이요** 등. 그가 말한 것, 즉 우리가 그리스도의 본을 따라 영원히 죽음의 멍에에서 해방된다는 것을 그는 이제 현재 목적에 적용한다. 그것은 우리가 더 이상 죄의 폭정에 종속되지 않는다는 것이다. 이것을 그는 그리스도의 죽음의 의도된 목적에서 증명한다. 그는 죄를 파괴하기 위해 죽으셨기 때문이다. 그러나 이 표현이 그리스도에게 적합한 것을 주목해야 한다. 그는 죄에 대해 죽는다고 말씀되지 않는다. 우리에게 적용될 때의 그 의미처럼, 죄를 그치는 의미로 말이다. 오히려 그는 죄로 인해, 스스로를 대속(代贖)으로 만드심으로써 죄의 권세와 지배를 소멸시키기 위해 죽음을 당하셨다. 그리고 그가 **단번에** 죽으셨다고 말한다. 한 번의 제물로 영원한 구속을 얻으시고 자신의 피로 죄를 위한 속죄를 이루심으로 신실한 자들을 영원히 거룩하게 하셨기 때문만이 아니라, 우리 사이에 상호적인 유사성이 존재하기 위해서이기도 하다.
**그가 사심은 하나님께 대하여 사심이니라** 등. **하나님과 함께** 혹은 **하나님 안에서** 어느 것을 덧붙이든 같은 의미가 된다. 그는 그리스도께서 불멸하고 부패하지 않는 하나님 나라에서 어떤 죽음에도 종속되지 않는 생명을 사신다는 것을 보인다. 경건한 자의 거듭남 안에 이것의 모형이 나타나야 한다. 여기서 유사성의 불변화사를 기억해야 한다. 그는 우리가 지금 그리스도께서 하늘에서 사시는 것처럼 살 것이라고 말하지 않는다. 그보다 거듭남 후에 땅에서 우리가 사는 새 삶이 그의 하늘의 삶과 유사하다고 말한다. 그가 우리가 그의 본을 따라 죄에 대해 죽어야 한다고 말할 때, 그것이 같은 종류의 죽음이라고 생각해서는 안 된다. 우리는 죄가 우리 안에서 죽을 때 죄에 대해 죽는다. 그러나 그리스도의 경우는 달랐다. 그는 죽음으로써 죄를 정복하셨다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-10-10(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
11절 카드 ↗
11. So count ye also yourselves , etc. Now is added a definition of that analogy to which I have referred. For having stated that Christ once died to sin and lives for ever to God, he now, applying both to us, reminds us how we now die while living, that is, when we renounce sin. But he omits not the other part, that is, how we are to live after having by faith received the grace of Christ: for though the mortifying of the flesh is only begun in us, yet the life of sin is destroyed, so that afterwards spiritual newness, which is divine, continues perpetually. For except Christ were to slay sin in us at once to the end, his grace would by no means be sure and durable. The meaning, then, of the words may be thus expressed, “Take this view of your case, — that as Christ once died for the purpose of destroying sin, so you have once died, that in future you may cease from sin; yea, you must daily proceed with that work of mortifying, which is begun in you, till sin be wholly destroyed: as Christ is raised to an incorruptible life, so you are regenerated by the grace of God, that you may lead a life of holiness and righteousness, inasmuch as the power of the Holy Spirit, by which ye have been renewed, is eternal, and shall ever continue the same.” But I prefer to retain the words of Paul, in Christ Jesus , rather than to translate with [ Erasmus ], through Christ Jesus; for thus the grafting, which makes us one with Christ, is better expressed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-12" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
11. **이와 같이 너희도 너희 자신을** 등. 이제 내가 언급한 유비의 정의가 추가된다. 그리스도께서 한 번 죄에 대해 죽으시고 영원히 하나님께 대해 사신다고 말한 뒤, 이제 이 둘을 우리에게 적용하면서 우리가 살면서 어떻게 죽는지, 즉 죄를 포기할 때를 상기시킨다. 그러나 또한 믿음으로 그리스도의 은혜를 받은 후 어떻게 살아야 하는지를 생략하지 않는다. 육신의 죽임은 우리 안에서 시작될 뿐이지만, 죄의 생명은 파괴된다. 그래서 그 후에 신적인 영적 새로움이 영원히 지속된다. 그리스도께서 우리 안에서 죄를 마침까지 한 번에 죽이지 않으셨다면, 그의 은혜는 결코 확실하고 영속적이지 않을 것이기 때문이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-11-11(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
12절 카드 ↗
12. Let not sin then , etc. He now begins with exhortation, which naturally arises from the doctrine which he had delivered respecting our fellowship with Christ. Though sin dwells in us, it is inconsistent that it should be so vigorous as to exercise its reigning power; for the power of sanctification ought to be superior to it, so that our life may testify that we are really the members of Christ. I have already reminded you that the word body is not to be taken for flesh, and skin, and bones, but, so to speak, for the whole of what man is. (191) This may undoubtedly be inferred from the passage; for the other clause, which he immediately subjoins respecting the members of the body, includes the soul also: and thus in a disparaging manner does Paul designate earthly man, for owing to the corruption of our nature we aspire to nothing worthy of our original. So also does God say in Genesis 6:3 ; where he complains that man was become flesh like the brute animals, and thus allows him nothing but what is earthly. To the same purpose is the declaration of Christ, “What is born of the flesh is flesh.” ( John 3:6 .) But if any makes this objection — that the case with the soul is different; to this the ready answer is — that in our present degenerate state our souls are fixed to the earth, and so enslaved to our bodies, that they have fallen from their own superiority. In a word, the nature of man is said to be corporeal, because he is destitute of celestial grace, and is only a sort of empty shadow or image. We may add, that the body, by way of contempt, is said by Paul to be mortal , and this to teach us, that the whole nature of man tends to death and ruin. Still further, he gives the name of sin to the original depravity which dwells in our hearts, and which leads us to sin, and from which indeed all evil deeds and abominations stream forth. In the middle, between sin and us, he places lusts, as the former has the office of a king, while lusts are its edicts and commands. (191) That is, as a corrupt being: literally it is “for the whole mass of man.” The “body” here may be the same with that of “the old man” in Romans 6:6 ; and the word for “lusts ,” ἐπιθυμίαις, is often applied to designate the desires of the mind as well as the lusts of the natural body. The word , θνητω, “mortal,” would in this case mean, doomed to die, having been crucified; it is a body in the process of dying. Innate sin is here personified as a king, a ruler, and as having a body, he being “the old man;” and this body is represented as belonging to Christians — “your,” as the old man is — “our old man.” — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
12. **그러므로 너희는 죄가 너희 죽을 몸을 지배하지 못하게 하여** 등. 이제 그는 그리스도와의 교제에 관해 전한 교리에서 자연스럽게 나오는 권고를 시작한다. 죄가 우리 안에 거하지만, 그것이 통치 권력을 행사할 만큼 왕성하다는 것은 모순이다. 성화의 능력이 그보다 우월해야 하기 때문에, 우리의 삶이 우리가 실제로 그리스도의 지체들임을 증거해야 한다. 나는 이미 **몸**이라는 단어가 살과 피부와 뼈를 의미하는 것이 아니라 사람 전체를 의미한다고 상기시켰다. 그는 멸시하는 방식으로 땅에 속한 사람을 이렇게 부른다. 우리 본성의 부패로 인해 우리는 우리의 원래 위치에 합당한 어떤 것도 열망하지 않기 때문이다.
그는 또한 **죽을**이라는 단어를 경멸로 사용하는데, 이는 사람의 전 본성이 죽음과 멸망으로 기울어진다는 것을 가르치기 위해서이다. 더 나아가 그는 원래의 부패에 **죄**라는 이름을 붙인다. 그것이 우리 마음속에 거하며 우리로 죄를 짓도록 이끌고, 모든 악한 행위와 악덕이 그것에서 흘러나온다. 죄와 우리 사이에 그는 정욕을 놓는다. 전자는 왕의 직무를 가지며 정욕은 그것의 칙령과 명령이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-12-12(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
13절 카드 ↗
13. Nor present your members , etc. When once sin has obtained dominion in our soul, all our faculties are continually applied to its service. He therefore describes here the reign of sin by what follows it, that he might more clearly show what must be done by us, if we would shake off its yoke. But he borrows a similitude from the military office, when he calls our members weapons or arms ( arma ); (192) as though he said, “As the soldier has ever his arms ready, that he may use them whenever he is ordered by his general, and as he never uses them but at his command; so Christians ought to regard all their faculties to be the weapons of the spiritual warfare: if then they employ any of their members in the indulgence of depravity, they are in the service of sin. But they have made the oath of soldiers to God and to Christ, and by this they are held bound: it hence behoves them to be far away from any intercourse with the camps of sin.” — Those may also here see by what right they proudly lay claim to the Christian name, who have all their members, as though they were the prostitutes of Satan, prepared to commit every kind of abomination. On the other hand, he now bids us to present ourselves wholly to God, so that restraining our minds and hearts from all wanderings into which the lusts of the flesh may draw us, we may regard the will of God alone, being ready to receive his commands, and prepared to execute his orders; and that our members also may be devoted and consecrated to his will, so that all the faculties both of our souls and of our bodies may aspire after nothing but his glory. The reason for this is also added — that the Lord, having destroyed our former life, has not in vain created us for another, which ought to be accompanied with suitable actions. (192) The idea of a king, a ruler, or a tyrant, is preserved throughout. Innate sin is a ruler, carrying on a warfare, and therefore has weapons which he employs. In the preceding verse are mentioned the gratifications with which he indulges his subjects — “lusts,” here the weapons by which he defends his kingdom, and carries on an offensive warfare, committing acts of wickedness and wrong — “weapons of injustice , ἀδικίας. ” “He who sins,” says an old author, “does wrong either to himself or to his neighbor, and always to God.” — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-14" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
13. **또한 너희 지체를 불의의 무기로 죄에게 드리지 말고** 등. 죄가 우리 영혼에서 지배권을 얻으면 우리의 모든 기능이 그것의 섬기는 일에 끊임없이 적용된다. 그러므로 그는 여기서 죄의 통치를 그것의 결과로 묘사하여, 우리가 그 멍에를 벗으려 한다면 무엇을 해야 하는지를 더 명확하게 보인다. 그러나 그는 우리의 지체를 무기라 부를 때 군인의 직무에서 비유를 빌린다. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것과 같다. "군인이 장군이 명령할 때마다 사용할 준비가 항상 되어 있도록 자신의 무기를 항상 준비하고 그 명령에서만 사용하듯이, 기독교인들도 자신의 모든 능력을 영적 전쟁의 무기로 여겨야 한다. 그러므로 그들이 자신의 지체를 방종의 탐닉에 사용한다면 그들은 죄에 봉사하는 것이다. 그러나 그들은 하나님과 그리스도께 군인의 맹세를 했고, 이것으로 묶여 있다. 그러므로 죄의 진영과의 어떠한 교제도 멀리하는 것이 마땅하다."
반면에 그는 이제 우리에게 우리 자신 전체를 하나님께 드리라고 명한다. 육신의 정욕이 우리를 이끄는 모든 방황에서 마음과 생각을 자제하고 오직 하나님의 뜻만을 바라보도록, 그의 명령을 받을 준비가 되고 그의 명령을 수행할 준비가 되도록 말이다. 우리의 지체도 그의 뜻에 헌신되고 봉헌되어야 한다. 우리 영혼과 몸의 모든 기능이 그의 영광 외에 다른 것을 열망하지 않도록 말이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-13-13(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
14절 카드 ↗
14. For sin shall not rule over you, etc. It is not necessary to continue long in repeating and confuting expositions, which have little or no appearance of truth. There is one which has more probability in its favor than the rest, and it is this — that by law we are to understand the letter of the law, which cannot renovate the soul, and by grace , the grace of the Spirit, by which we are freed from depraved lusts. But this I do not wholly approve of; for if we take this meaning, what is the object of the question which immediately follows, “Shall we sin because we are not under the law?” Certainly the Apostle would never have put this question, had he not understood, that we are freed from the strictness of the law, so that God no more deals with us according to the high demands of justice. There is then no doubt but that he meant here to indicate some freedom from the very law of God. But laying aside controversy, I will briefly explain my view. It seems to me, that there is here especially a consolation offered, by which the faithful are to be strengthened, lest they should faint in their efforts after holiness, through a consciousness of their own weakness. He had exhorted them to devote all their faculties to the service of righteousness; but as they carry about them the relics of the flesh, they cannot do otherwise than walk somewhat lamely. Hence, lest being broken down by a consciousness of their infirmity they should despond, he seasonably comes to their aid, by interposing a consolation, derived from this circumstance — that their works are not now tested by the strict rule of the law, but that God, remitting their impurity, does kindly and mercifully accept them. The yoke of the law cannot do otherwise than tear and bruise those who carry it. It hence follows, that the faithful must flee to Christ, and implore him to be the defender of their freedom: and as such he exhibits himself; for he underwent the bondage of the law, to which he was himself no debtor, for this end — that he might, as the Apostle says, redeem those who were under the law. Hence, not to be under the law means, not only that we are not under the letter which prescribes what involves us in guilt, as we are not able to perform it, but also that we are no longer subject to the law, as requiring perfect righteousness, and pronouncing death on all who deviate from it in any part. In like manner, by the word grace , we are to understand both parts of redemption — the remission of sins, by which God imputes righteousness to us, — and the sanctification of the Spirit, by whom he forms us anew unto good works. The adversative particle, [ ἀλλὰ , but , ] I take in the sense of alleging a reason, which is not unfrequently the case; as though it was said — “We who are under grace, are not therefore under the law.” The sense now is clear; for the Apostle intended to comfort us, lest we should be wearied in our minds, while striving to do what is right, because we still find in ourselves many imperfections. For how much soever we may be harassed by the stings of sin, it cannot yet overcome us, for we are enabled to conquer it by the Spirit of God; and then, being under grace, we are freed from the rigorous requirements of the law. We must further understand, that the Apostle assumes it as granted, that all who are without the grace of God, being bound under the yoke of the law, are under condemnation. And so we may on the other hand conclude, that as long as they are under the law, they are subject to the dominion of sin. (194) (194) The word “law” here, is taken by [ Scott ] and others, indefinitely, as meaning law as the ground of the covenant of works, written or unwritten; and the literal rendering is, “under law ” — ὑπὸ νόμου; and it is the same in the next verse, “under law.” — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-15" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-rom-6-002
절 (explains)
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
14. **죄가 너희를 주관하지 못하리니** 등. 증거가 없거나 거의 없는 해석들을 반복하고 논박하는 데 오래 머물 필요가 없다. 그 중에 다른 것들보다 개연성이 있어 보이는 것이 하나 있다. **율법**은 영혼을 새롭게 할 수 없는 율법의 문자를 의미하고, **은혜**는 우리를 타락한 정욕에서 해방시키는 성령의 은혜를 의미한다는 것이다. 그러나 나는 이것을 완전히 동의하지 않는다. 이 의미를 취한다면 곧이어 "우리가 율법 아래 있지 아니하니 죄를 지으리요?"라는 질문의 목적이 무엇인가? 사도는 우리가 하나님의 엄격한 정의의 요구에 따라 더 이상 그와 거래하지 않도록 율법의 엄격함에서 해방되었다는 것을 이해하지 않았다면 결코 이 질문을 하지 않았을 것이다. 그러므로 그가 여기서 하나님의 율법 자체로부터의 어떤 자유를 의미했다는 것은 의심의 여지가 없다.
그러나 논쟁을 제쳐두고 내 견해를 간략히 설명하겠다. 여기서 특히 위로가 제공되는 것처럼 보이는데, 이것으로 신실한 자들이 자신의 나약함을 의식하면서 거룩함을 향한 노력에서 낙심하지 않도록 강화하기 위해서이다. 그는 그들에게 모든 기능을 의의 섬기는 일에 헌신하라고 권고했다. 그러나 그들이 육신의 잔재를 지니고 있으므로 어느 정도 절룩거리면서 걸을 수밖에 없다. 그러므로 자신의 연약함을 의식하여 절망하지 않도록 그는 적절한 때에 위로를 가지고 도우러 온다. 이것은 그들의 행위가 이제 율법의 엄격한 규칙으로 시험받지 않고, 하나님이 그들의 불순함을 용서하시며 그들을 친절하고 자비롭게 받으신다는 것에서 나오는 위로이다.
율법의 멍에는 그것을 지는 자들을 찢고 상하게 하지 않을 수 없다. 따라서 신실한 자들은 그리스도께 피하여 자신들의 자유의 수호자가 되어달라고 간구해야 한다. 그리스도는 그러한 분으로 자신을 나타내신다. 자신이 빚진 것이 아닌 율법의 속박을 당하신 것은 사도가 말하듯이 율법 아래 있는 자들을 구속하시기 위해서이다. 그러므로 율법 아래 있지 않다는 것은 단순히 죄책을 낳는 문자 아래 있지 않다는 것만이 아니다. 우리가 그것을 이행할 능력이 없어서 그렇게 되는 것이다. 완전한 의를 요구하고 조금이라도 이탈하는 모든 자에게 죽음을 선포하는 율법에 더 이상 종속되지 않는다는 것도 포함된다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-14-14(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
15절 카드 ↗
15. What then? As the wisdom of the flesh is ever clamorous against the mysteries of God, it was necessary for the Apostle to subjoin what might anticipate an objection: for since the law is the rule of life, and has been given to guide men, we think that when it is removed all discipline immediately falls to the ground, that restraints are taken away, in a word, that there remains no distinction or difference between good and evil. But we are much deceived if we think, that the righteousness which God approves of in his law is abolished, when the law is abrogated; for the abrogation is by no means to be applied to the precepts which teach the right way of living, as Christ confirms and sanctions these and does not abrogate them; but the right view is, that nothing is taken away but the curse, to which all men without grace are subject. But though Paul does not distinctly express this, yet he indirectly intimates it. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-16" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
15. **그러면 어떠하냐?** 육신의 지혜는 하나님의 신비들에 맞서 항상 시끄럽게 외치므로, 사도가 반론을 미리 차단할 것을 덧붙이는 것이 필요했다. 율법이 삶의 규범이고 사람들을 인도하기 위해 주어졌으므로, 그것이 제거되면 모든 규율이 즉시 무너지고, 제약이 없어지며, 선과 악 사이의 어떤 구별이나 차이도 남지 않는다고 우리는 생각한다. 그러나 율법이 폐기될 때 하나님이 그 율법에서 승인하시는 의가 폐기된다고 생각한다면 크게 잘못된 것이다. 왜냐하면 폐기는 결코 올바른 삶의 방식을 가르치는 계명들에 적용되지 않기 때문이다. 그리스도는 이것들을 폐기하지 않으시고 확증하고 승인하신다. 오히려 올바른 견해는 은혜 없이 있는 모든 자에게 적용되는 저주 외에 아무것도 빼앗기지 않는다는 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-15-15(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
16절 카드 ↗
16. By no means: know ye not? This is not a bare denial as some think, as though he preferred to express his abhorrence of such a question rather than to disprove it: for a confutation immediately follows, derived from a contrary supposition, and to this purpose, “Between the yoke of Christ and that of sin there is so much contrariety, that no one can bear them both; if we sin, we give ourselves up to the service of sin; but the faithful, on the contrary have been redeemed from the tyranny of sin, that they may serve Christ: it is therefore impossible for them to remain bound to sin.” But it will be better to examine more closely the course of reasoning, as pursued by Paul. To whom we obey , etc. This relative may be taken in a causative sense, as it often is; as when one says, — there is no kind of crime which a parricide will not do, who has not hesitated to commit the greatest crime of all, and so barbarous as to be almost abhorred even by wild beasts. And Paul adduces his reason partly from the effects, and partly from the nature of correlatives. For first, if they obey, he concludes that they are servants, for obedience proves that he, who thus brings one into subjection to himself, has the power of commanding. This reason as to service is from the effect, and from this the other arises. “If you be servants, then of course sin has the dominion.” Or of obedience , etc. The language is not strictly correct; for if he wished to have the clauses correspondent, he would have said, “or of righteousness unto life” (195) But as the change in the words does not prevent the understanding of the subject, he preferred to express what righteousness is by the word obedience ; in which however there is a metonymy, for it is to be taken for the very commandments of God; and by mentioning this without addition, he intimated that it is God alone, to whose authority consciences ought to be subject. Obedience then, though the name of God is suppressed, is yet to be referred to him, for it cannot be a divided obedience. (195) [ Beza ] ’s remark on this is, — that obedience is not the cause of life, as sin is of death, but is the way to life: and hence the want of correspondence in the two clauses. But others, such as [ Venema ], [ Turrettin ], and [ Stuart ], consider that the clauses really correspond. They take εἰς θάνατον — “unto death,” as signifying, unto condemnation; and εἰς δικαιοσύνην, they render “unto justification;” and ὑπακόη, “obedience,” is in their view the obedience of faith. This construction might be admitted, were it not for the last clause of Romans 6:18 , where we have, “Ye became the servants of righteousness,” the same word , δικαιοσύνη; except we consider that also, as [ Venema ] does, as signifying the righteousness of faith, by a sort of personification: and if so, we must attach the same meaning to “righteousness ” δικαιοσύνη, in Romans 6:19 , which issues in, or leads to holiness; and also to “righteousness ,” δικαιοσύνη, in Romans 6:20 . As the Apostle personifies sin, he may also be supposed to personify righteousness, that is, the righteousness of faith. In this case, we might as well retain the word “righteousness” in this verse, and not justification, which it never strictly means; for the correspondence in the terms would be still essentially preserved, as with the righteousness of faith eternal life is inseparably connected. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-17" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
16. **그럴 수 없느니라 알지 못하느냐?** 어떤 이들이 생각하는 것처럼 이것이 단순한 부정이 아니다. 마치 그가 논박하기보다는 이런 질문에 대한 혐오를 표현하기를 선호하는 것처럼 말이다. 반론에서 이끌어낸 논박이 즉시 따라오기 때문이다. 요점은 이렇다. "그리스도의 멍에와 죄의 멍에 사이에는 너무나 모순이 커서 아무도 둘 다 짊어질 수 없다. 우리가 죄를 짓는다면 우리는 죄의 섬기는 일에 자신을 내어준다. 그러나 신실한 자들은 반대로 그리스도를 섬기도록 죄의 폭정에서 속량을 받았다. 그러므로 그들이 죄에 묶여 있는 것은 불가능하다."
**너희가 누구에게 복종하든지** 등. 이 관계대명사는 흔히 그렇듯 인과적 의미로 취해질 수 있다. 바울은 결과에서, 또한 상관관계의 본질에서 논증을 이끌어낸다. 첫째로 그들이 복종한다면 그는 그들이 종이라는 결론을 내린다. 복종은 그렇게 어떤 사람을 복종시키는 자가 명령하는 권세가 있다는 것을 증명하기 때문이다.
**혹은 순종의 종으로** 등. 표현이 정확하지 않다. 절들이 대응하기를 원했다면 "혹은 의에 이르는 생명의 종"이라고 말했을 것이다. 그러나 절의 변화가 이해를 방해하지 않으므로, 그는 **순종**이라는 단어로 의가 무엇인지를 표현하기를 선호했다. 여기에는 환유(換喩)가 있으니, 하나님 자신의 계명에 대해 취해야 한다. 하나님의 이름을 생략하면서도 이것을 언급함으로써, 그는 양심이 복종해야 하는 권위가 오직 하나님뿐임을 암시한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-16-16(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
17절 카드 ↗
17. But thanks be to God , etc. This is an application of the similitude of the present subject. Though they were only to be reminded that they were not now the servants of sin, he yet adds a thanksgiving; first, that he might teach them, that this was not through their own merit, but through the special mercy of God; and secondly, that by this thanksgiving, they might learn how great was the kindness of God, and that they might thereby be more stimulated to hate sin. And he gives thanks, not as to that time during which they were the servants of sin, but for the liberation which followed, when they ceased to be what they were before. But this implied comparison between their former and present state is very emphatical; for the Apostle touches the calumniators of the grace of Christ, when he shows, that without grace the whole race of man is held captive under the dominion of sin; but that the kingdom of sin comes to an end, as soon as grace puts forth its power. (196) We may hence learn, that we are not freed from the bondage of the law that we may sin; for the law does not lose its dominion, until the grace of God restores us to him, in order to renew us in righteousness: and it is hence impossible that we should be subject to sin, when the grace of God reigns in us: for we have before stated, that under this term grace, is included the spirit of regeneration. You have obeyed from the heart , etc. Paul compares here the hidden power of the Spirit with the external letter of the law, as though he had said, “Christ inwardly forms our souls in a better way, than when the law constrains them by threatening and terrifying us.” Thus is dissipated the following calumny, “If Christ frees us from subjection to the law, he brings liberty to sin.” He does not indeed allow his people unbridled freedom, that they might frisk about without any restraint, like horses let loose in the fields; but he brings them to a regular course of life. — Though [ Erasmus ], following the old version, has chosen to translate it the “form” ( formam ) of doctrine , I have felt constrained to retain type , the word which Paul uses: some may perhaps prefer the word pattern. (197) It seems indeed to me to denote the formed image or impress of that righteousness which Christ engraves on our hearts: and this corresponds with the prescribed rule of the law, according to which all our actions ought to be framed, so that they deviate not either to the right or to the left hand. (196) Our version of this verse conveys the idea, that the Apostle gave thanks that they had been the servants of sin; but ὅτι is often rendered for , as in Matthew 5:3 ; Luke 10:13 ; and in Matthew 6:5 , followed by δὲ as here, in Romans 6:6 . The rendering may be this, — But thanks be to God; for ye have been the servants of sin, but have obeyed the form of doctrine, in which ye have been taught. — Ed. (197) The version of Calvin is, “ Obedistis vero et animo typo doctrinæ in quem traducti estis .” The word τύπος, is rendered in John 20:25 , print , that is, of the nails, — in Acts 7:43 , in the plural, fiqures , that is, images, — in Acts 7:44 , fashion , that is, pattern or model, — in Hebrews 8:5 , pattern , — in Acts 23:25 , manner , that is, form, — in Romans 5:14 , figure , that is, representative, — in Titus 2:7 , pattern; and in all other instances in which it occurs, except in this place, it is rendered example , and in the plural, examp1es , as afforded by the conduct of others, or by events; see 1 Corinthians 10:6 ; Philippians 3:17 ; 1 Thessalonians 1:7 ; 2 Thessalonians 3:9 ; 1 Timothy 4:12 ; 1 Peter 5:3 . The idea of mould , which some give to it, is without an example in the New Testament. Our version is that of [ Castellio ], in the meaning of which most critics agree. [ Grotius ] gives this paraphrase, “ Obedistis ad eum modum quem doctrina evangelii præscribit — Ye became obedient to that rule which the doctrine of the gospel prescribes.” [ Wolfius ] quotes from [ Iamblichus ], in his life of [ Pythagoras ], passages in which τύπος is used for form, model, or manner , —”τὢς παιδεύσεως ὁ τύπος — the form of instruction;” and “τύπος διδασκαλίας — the form or manner of teaching.” The grammatical difficulty is best removed by [ Stuart ], who considers τύπον to be for τυπω, the case being changed by the preceding pronoun, no uncommon thing in Greek: the literal rendering would then be, —”Ye have obeyed the form of doctrine, respecting which (or, in which, see Mark 5:34 ) ye have been instructed.” — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-18" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-rom-6-003
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
17. **하나님께 감사하리로다** 등. 이것은 현재 주제의 유사성의 적용이다. 그들이 이제 더 이상 죄의 종이 아니라는 것을 상기시키기만 해도 되지만, 그는 감사를 덧붙인다. 첫째는 이것이 그들 자신의 공로가 아니라 하나님의 특별한 자비를 통한 것임을 가르치기 위해서이다. 둘째는 이 감사를 통해 하나님의 친절함이 얼마나 큰지를 배우고, 그로써 죄를 더 많이 미워하도록 자극을 받기 위해서이다.
그는 그들이 죄의 종이었던 그 시간에 대해서가 아니라, 그 후에 온 해방에 대해 감사하는데, 그들이 전에 있었던 것을 그치게 되었기 때문이다. 그러나 이 전 상태와 현재 상태의 함축된 비교는 매우 강조적이다. 은혜 없이 인류 전체가 죄의 지배 아래 포로로 잡혀 있다는 것을 보임으로써, 사도는 그리스도의 은혜를 비방하는 자들을 건드린다. 그러나 죄의 나라는 은혜가 능력을 발휘하자마자 끝이 난다.
**너희가 마음으로 순종하니라** 등. 바울은 여기서 성령의 숨겨진 능력과 율법의 외적인 문자를 비교한다. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것과 같다. "그리스도께서 내면적으로 우리의 영혼을 더 나은 방식으로 형성하신다. 율법이 위협과 두려움으로 그것들을 강제하는 것보다 말이다." 이렇게 이 비방이 사라진다. "그리스도께서 율법에 대한 복종에서 우리를 자유롭게 하신다면 죄에 대한 자유를 가져오신다." 그는 실로 자신의 백성에게 고삐 풀린 자유를 허용하지 않으신다. 들판에 풀린 말처럼 아무 제약 없이 뛰어다니도록 말이다. 그러나 그는 그들을 규칙적인 삶의 과정으로 이끄신다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-17-17(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
18절 카드 ↗
18. And having been made free from sin, etc. The meaning is, “It is unreasonable that any one, after having been made free, should continue in a state of bondage; for he ought to maintain the freedom which he has received: it is not then befitting, that you should be brought again under the dominion of sin, from which you have been set at liberty by Christ.” It is an argument derived from the efficient cause; another also follows, taken from the final cause, Ye have been liberated from the bondage of sin, that ye might pass into the kingdom of righteousness; it is hence right that you should wholly turn away from sin, and turn your minds wholly to righteousness, into the service of which you have been transferred.” It must be observed, that no one can be a servant to righteousness except he is first liberated by the power and kindness of God from the tyranny of sin. So Christ himself testifies, “If the Son shall free you, you shall be free indeed.” ( John 8:36 .) What are then our preparations by the power of free will, since the commencement of what is good proceeds from this manumission, which the grace of God alone effects? return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
18. **죄로부터 해방되어** 등. 그 의미는 이렇다. "해방된 후에도 속박 상태에 머무는 것은 불합리하다. 그는 받은 자유를 유지해야 하기 때문이다. 그러므로 그리스도로 말미암아 자유롭게 된 죄의 지배 아래 다시 이끌려 오는 것은 합당하지 않다." 이것은 효과적 원인에서 이끌어낸 논증이다. 또 다른 것이 목적인에서 이끌어낸 논증으로 뒤따라온다. "그대들은 의의 나라로 옮겨가기 위해 죄의 속박에서 해방되었다. 그러므로 죄에서 완전히 돌아서고 마음을 의에 전적으로 향하는 것이 마땅하다. 그 섬기는 일로 옮겨졌기 때문이다." 하나님의 능력과 친절에 의해 죄의 폭정에서 먼저 해방된 자만이 의의 종이 될 수 있다는 것을 주목해야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-18-18(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
19절 카드 ↗
19. I speak what is human , etc. He says that he speaks after the manner of men, not as to the substance but as to the manner. So Christ says, in John 3:12 , that he announced earthly things, while yet he spoke of heavenly mysteries, though not so magnificently as the dignity of the things required, because he accommodated himself to the capacities of a people ignorant and simple. And thus the Apostle says, by way of preface, that he might more fully show how gross and wicked is the calumny, when it is imagined, that the freedom obtained by Christ gives liberty to sin. He reminds the faithful at the same time, that nothing is more unreasonable, nay, base and disgraceful, than that the spiritual grace of Christ should have less influence over them than earthly freedom; as though he had said, “I might, by comparing sin and righteousness, show how much more ardently ye ought to be led to render obedience to the latter, than to serve the former; but from regard to your infirmity I omit this comparison: nevertheless, though I treat you with great indulgence, I may yet surely make this just demand — that you should not at least obey righteousness more coldly or negligently than you served sin.” It is a sort of reticence or silence, a withholding of something when we wish more to be understood than what we express. He does yet exhort them to render obedience to righteousness with so much more diligence, as that which they served is more worthy than sin, though he seems not to require this in so many words. (198) As ye have presented, etc. ; that is, “As ye were formerly ready with all your faculties to serve sin, it is hence sufficiently evident how wretchedly enslaved and bound did your depravity hold you to itself: now then ye ought to be equally prompt and ready to execute the commands of God; let not your activity in doing good be now less than it was formerly in doing evil.” He does not indeed observe the same order in the antithesis, by adapting different parts to each other, as he does in 1 Thessalonians 4:7 , where he sets uncleanness in opposition to holiness; but the meaning is still evident. He mentions first two kinds — uncleanness and iniquity; the former of which is opposed to chastity and holiness, the other refers to injuries hurtful to our neighbour. But he repeats iniquity twice, and in a different sense: by the first he means plunders, frauds, perjuries, and every kind of wrong; by the second, the universal corruption of life, as though he had said, “Ye have prostituted your members so as to perpetrate all wicked works, and thus the kingdom of iniquity became strong in you” (199) By righteousness I understand the law or the rule of a holy life, the design of which is sanctification, as the case is when the faithful devote themselves to serve God in purity. (198) The phrase is taken differently : Ανθρώπινον λέγω “I speak what is human,” that is, what is proportionable to man’s strength, says [ Chrysostom ] — what is done and known in common life, as in Galatians 3:15 , or, what is moderate, says [ Hammond ] — what is level to man’s understanding, says [ Vatablus ] The first proposed by [ Hammond ] is the meaning most suitable here; for the Apostle had previously used reasons and arguments, and sacred similitudes; but he comes now to what is known in common life among men, the connection between masters and servants, and he did this in condescension to their weakness, which he calls the weakness of the flesh, that is, the weakness of which flesh, the depravity of nature, was the cause; it was weakness arising from the flesh. — Ed. (199) The different clauses of this verse have been a knotty point to all commentators. Probably the Apostle did not intend to keep up a regular course of antithesis, the subject not admitting of this; because the progress of evil and the progress of its remedy may be different, and it seems to be so in the present case. Sin is innate and inward, and its character, as here represented, is vileness and iniquity, and it breaks out into acts of iniquity: he does not repeat the other character, vileness; but when he comes to the contrast he mentions holiness, and does not add what is antithetic to iniquity. This is a striking instance of the elliptical style of the Apostle. It is not neglect or carelessness, but no doubt an intentional omission; it being the character of his mode of writing, which he had in common with the ancient Prophets. Then comes the word “righteousness,” which I am disposed to think is that which all along has been spoken of, the righteousness of faith; this is not innate, not inward, but which comes from without, and is apprehended by faith, by which sins are forgiven, and God’s favor obtained; and they who become the servants of this are to cultivate holiness both inward and outward; they ought to present all their members, that is, all their faculties, to the service of this master, so that they may become holy in all manner of conversation. But if this idea of righteousness be disapproved of, we may still account for the apparent irregularity in the construction of the passage. It is an instance of an inverted order, many examples of which are found even in this Epistle. He begins with “uncleanness,” he ends with “holiness,” and then the intervening words which are in contrast correspond, “iniquity” and “righteousness.” Here is also an inversion in the meaning; “uncleanness” is the principle, and “holiness” is the action; while “iniquity” is the action, and “righteousness” is the principle. If this view is right, we have here a singular instance of the inverted parallelism, both as to words and meaning. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-20" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
19. **내가 사람의 방법대로 말하노라** 등. 그는 실질적으로가 아니라 방식에 있어서 사람의 방법대로 말한다고 한다. 그리스도께서 요한복음 3장 12절에서 땅의 것들을 말씀한다고 하시면서도 하늘의 신비들에 대해 말씀하셨던 것과 같다. 그러나 그 장엄함이 그것들의 위엄이 요구하는 것만큼 크지 않았다. 무지하고 단순한 백성의 능력에 자신을 맞추셨기 때문이다. 사도도 서문처럼 이렇게 말한다. 그리스도로 얻어진 자유가 죄에 대한 자유를 준다고 상상하는 것이 얼마나 터무니없고 사악한 비방인지를 더 충분히 보이기 위해서이다.
그는 동시에 신실한 자들에게 상기시킨다. 그리스도의 영적 은혜가 자신들에 대해 땅의 자유보다 덜한 영향력을 가진다는 것이 얼마나 불합리하고 비열하고 부끄러운 일인지를 말이다. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것과 같다. "나는 죄와 의를 비교함으로써 그대들이 전자를 섬기는 것보다 후자에 순종하도록 얼마나 더 열정적으로 이끌려야 하는지를 보일 수 있다. 그러나 그대들의 연약함을 고려하여 이 비교를 생략한다. 그러나 그대들을 크게 관용하면서도 이 정당한 요구는 할 수 있다. 곧 죄를 섬겼을 때보다 의에 더 차갑거나 소홀히 순종하지는 않아야 한다."
**전에 너희가 드렸던 것처럼** 등. 즉 "그대들이 전에 죄를 섬기기 위해 모든 기능을 준비했던 것처럼, 그대들의 타락함이 그대들을 얼마나 비참하게 노예로 묶었는지가 충분히 분명하다. 이제 그대들은 하나님의 명령을 이행하는 데 똑같이 신속하고 준비되어야 한다. 선을 행하는 데 있어 그대들의 활동이 이전에 악을 행할 때보다 덜해서는 안 된다."
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-19-19(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
20절 카드 ↗
20. For when ye were, etc. He still repeats the difference, which he had before mentioned, between the yoke of righteousness and that of sin; for these two things, sin and righteousness, are so contrary, that he who devotes himself to the one, necessarily departs from the other. And he thus represents both, that by viewing them apart we may see more clearly what is to be expected from each; for to set things thus apart enables us to understand better their distinctive character. He then sets sin on one side, and righteousness on the other; and having stated this distinction, he afterwards shows what results from each of them. Let us then remember that the Apostle still reasons on the principle of contraries, and in this manner, “While ye were the servants of sin, ye were freed from righteousness; but now a change having taken place, it behoves you to serve righteousness; for you have been liberated from the yoke of sin. He calls those free from righteousness who are held by no bridle to obey righteousness. This is the liberty of the flesh, which so frees us from obedience to God, that it makes us slaves to the devil. Wretched then and accursed is this liberty, which with unbridled or rather mad frenzy, leads us exultingly to our destruction. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-21" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-rom-6-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
20. **너희가 죄의 종이 되었을 때에는** 등. 그는 여전히 전에 언급한 의의 멍에와 죄의 멍에 사이의 차이를 반복한다. 이 두 가지, 죄와 의는 너무나 반대되어 하나에 헌신하는 자는 반드시 다른 하나를 떠난다. 그는 이 둘을 따로 놓아 그것들을 떼어놓고 보면서 각각에서 무엇을 기대할 수 있는지를 더 명확하게 볼 수 있다. 그는 한편에 죄를, 다른 편에 의를 놓는다. 이 구별을 정하고 나서 각각에서 무슨 결과가 따르는지를 보인다. 그러므로 사도가 여전히 반대의 원칙으로 논증하고 있다는 것을 기억하자. 이런 방식으로 말이다. "그대들이 죄의 종이었을 때 의에서 자유로웠다. 그러나 이제 변화가 이루어졌으므로 의를 섬기는 것이 마땅하다. 죄의 멍에에서 해방되었기 때문이다."
의에서 자유로운 자들은 의에 순종하기 위한 어떤 제약에도 묶여 있지 않은 자들이다. 이것이 육신의 자유인데, 이것은 하나님께 순종하는 것에서 우리를 해방시켜 우리를 마귀의 종으로 만든다. 비참하고 저주받은 이 자유는 고삐 풀린 혹은 오히려 미친 광기로 우리를 의기양양하게 멸망으로 이끈다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-20-20(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
21절 카드 ↗
21. What fruit, then , etc. He could not more strikingly express what he intended than by appealing to their conscience, and by confessing shame as it were in their person. Indeed the godly, as soon as they begin to be illuminated by the Spirit of Christ and the preaching of the gospel, do freely acknowledge their past life, which they have lived without Christ, to have been worthy of condemnation; and so far are they from endeavouring to excuse it, that, on the contrary, they feel ashamed of themselves. Yea, further, they call to mind the remembrance of their own disgrace, that being thus ashamed, they may more truly and more readily be humbled before God. Nor is what he says insignificant, Of which ye are now ashamed; for he intimates that we are possessed with extreme blind love for ourselves, when we are involved in the darkness of our sins, and think not that there is so much filth in us. The light of the Lord alone can open our eyes to behold the filthiness which lies hid in our flesh. He only then is imbued with the principles of Christian philosophy, who has well learnt to be really displeased with himself, and to be confounded with shame for his own wretchedness. He shows at last still more plainly from what was to follow, how much they ought to have been ashamed, that is, when they came to understand that they had been standing on the very precipice of death, and had been nigh destruction; yea, that they would have already entered the gates of death, had they not been reclaimed by God’s mercy. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-22" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-rom-6-003
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
21. **그러므로 너희가 그 때에** 등. 그들의 양심에 호소하고 어떤 의미에서 그들을 대신하여 수치를 고백함으로써 그가 의도한 것을 이보다 더 인상 깊게 표현할 수는 없었다. 실로 경건한 자들은 그리스도의 성령과 복음의 설교로 비추임을 받기 시작하자마자, 그리스도 없이 살았던 자신의 과거 삶이 정죄 받아 마땅하다는 것을 자유롭게 인정한다. 그것을 변명하려는 노력을 하기는커녕 오히려 자신에 대해 부끄러워한다. 더 나아가 그들은 하나님 앞에서 진정으로 그리고 더 기꺼이 낮아지도록 자신의 수치스러운 기억을 떠올린다.
**이제는 부끄러워하는 것**이라고 말하는 것도 의미가 없지 않다. 그는 우리가 자신의 죄의 어둠에 빠져있을 때 자신에 대한 극단적인 맹목적 사랑에 사로잡혀 우리 안에 그렇게 많은 더러움이 있다고 생각하지 않는다는 것을 암시한다. 오직 주의 빛만이 우리 육신 속에 숨어있는 불결함을 볼 수 있도록 우리의 눈을 열 수 있다. 그러므로 기독교 철학의 원칙들을 진정으로 배운 자는 오직 자신에 대해 진정으로 불쾌해지고 자신의 비참함으로 인해 수치심으로 혼란스러워하는 방법을 잘 배운 자이다. 마지막으로 그는 그들이 얼마나 부끄러워해야 했는지를 더 분명히 보인다. 그것은 그들이 죽음의 절벽 위에 서있었고 멸망에 가까이 이르렀다는 것을 알게 될 때이다. 하나님의 자비로 되돌아오지 않았다면 이미 죽음의 문에 들어갔을 것이다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-21-21(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
22절 카드 ↗
22. Ye have your fruit unto holiness , etc. As he had before mentioned a twofold end of sin, so he does now as to righteousness. Sin in this life brings the torments of an accusing conscience, and in the next eternal death. We now gather the fruit of righteousness, even holiness; we hope in future to gain eternal life. These things, unless we are beyond measure stupid, ought to generate in our minds a hatred and horror of sin, and also a love and desire for righteousness. Some render τελος , “tribute” or reward, and not “end,” but not, as I think, according to the meaning of the Apostle; for though it is true that we bear the punishment of death on account of sin, yet this word is not suitable to the other clause, to which it is applied by Paul, inasmuch as life cannot be said to be the tribute or reward of righteousness. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-23" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-rom-6-003
절 (explains)
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
22. **그러나 이제는 너희가 죄로부터 해방되고** 등. 그는 전에 죄의 이중적인 끝을 언급했듯이 이제 의에 관해서도 그렇게 한다. 죄는 이 삶에서 고발하는 양심의 고통을 가져오고, 다음에는 영원한 죽음을 가져온다. 우리는 이제 의의 열매를 거두니 곧 거룩함이다. 우리는 미래에 영생을 얻기를 소망한다. 이것들은 우리가 극도로 우둔하지 않다면 우리 마음에 죄에 대한 미움과 혐오, 그리고 의에 대한 사랑과 열망을 낳아야 한다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-rom-6-22-22(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
23절 카드 ↗
23. For the wages of sin , etc. There are those who think that, Paul, by comparing death to allowances of meat, ( obsoniis ,) points out in a disparaging manner the kind of wretched reward that is allotted to sinners, as this word is taken by the Greeks sometimes for portions allowed to soldiers. But he seems rather indirectly to condemn the blind appetites of those who are ruinously allured by the enticements of sin, as the fish are by the hook. It will however be more simple to render the word “wages,” for surely death is a sufficiently ample reward to the wicked. This verse is a conclusion to the former, and as it were an epilogue to it. He does not, however, in vain repeat the same thing again; but by doubling the terror, he intended to render sin an object of still greater hatred. But the gift of God. They are mistaken who thus render the sentence, “Eternal life is the gift of God,” as though eternal life were the subject, and the gift of God the predicate; for this does not preserve the contrast. But as he has already taught us, that sin produces nothing but death; so now he subjoins, that this gift of God, even our justification and sanctification, brings to us the happiness of eternal life. Or, if you prefer, it may be thus stated, — “As the cause of death is sin, so righteousness, which we obtain through Christ, restores to us eternal life.” It may however be hence inferred with certainty, that our salvation is altogether through the grace and mere beneficence of God. He might indeed have used other words — that the wages of righteousness is eternal life; and then the two clauses would correspond: but he knew that it is through God’s gift we obtain it, and not through our own merits; and that it is not one or a single gift; for being clothed with the righteousness of the Son, we are reconciled to God, and we are by the power of the Spirit renewed unto holiness. And he adds, in Christ Jesus , and for this reason, that he might call us away from every conceit respecting our own worthiness. return to ' Top of Page ' Romans Rom 5 Romans Rom Romans Rom 7 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Romans 6". 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Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-rom-6-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
23. **죄의 삯은 사망이요** 등. 어떤 이들은 바울이 죽음을 음식 배급에 비교함으로써 죄인들에게 할당된 비참한 보상의 종류를 멸시하는 방식으로 지적한다고 생각한다. 그러나 그는 오히려 낚시 바늘에 걸리는 물고기처럼 죄의 유혹으로 파멸적으로 이끌리는 자들의 맹목적인 욕망을 간접적으로 책망하는 것처럼 보인다. 그러나 이 단어를 삯으로 번역하는 것이 더 단순할 것이다. 분명히 죽음은 악인들에게 충분히 넉넉한 보상이다. 이 절은 앞 절의 결론이며 말하자면 그것의 에필로그이다. 그러나 그가 같은 것을 다시 반복하는 것이 헛되지 않다. 이중으로 두려움을 더함으로써 죄를 훨씬 더 큰 미움의 대상으로 만들려 했다.
**하나님의 은사는** 등. 문장이 이렇게 번역되었다고 생각하는 자들은 잘못이다. "영생은 하나님의 은사이다"라고, 마치 영생이 주어(主語)이고 하나님의 은사가 술어인 것처럼 말이다. 이것은 대조를 유지하지 못한다. 그러나 그가 이미 죄는 죽음 외에 아무것도 낳지 않는다고 가르쳤듯이, 이제 그는 하나님의 이 은사, 곧 우리의 의롭다 하심과 성화가 우리에게 영생의 행복을 가져온다는 것을 덧붙인다. 혹은 이렇게 표현할 수도 있다. "죽음의 원인이 죄이듯이, 그리스도를 통해 우리가 얻는 의는 우리에게 영생을 회복한다."
그리고 우리의 구원이 전적으로 하나님의 은혜와 순전한 자비를 통한 것이라는 것이 여기서 확실하게 추론될 수 있다. 그는 실로 의의 삯은 영생이라고 다른 말로 말할 수도 있었다. 그러면 두 절이 대응할 것이다. 그러나 우리가 자신의 공로가 아니라 하나님의 선물을 통해 그것을 얻는다는 것을 그는 알았다. 그리고 그것이 단 하나가 아닌 여러 선물이다. 아들의 의를 입음으로써 우리는 하나님과 화목하고, 성령의 능력으로 거룩함으로 새로워진다. 그리고 그는 **그리스도 예수 안에서**라고 덧붙인다. 이는 우리 자신의 가치에 대한 모든 자만에서 우리를 이끌어내기 위해서이다.
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