1~7절 카드 ↗
David Returns to Gath. . 1 And David said in his heart, I shall now perish one day by the hand of Saul: there is nothing better for me than that I should speedily escape into the land of the Philistines; and Saul shall despair of me, to seek me any more in any coast of Israel: so shall I escape out of his hand. 2 And David arose, and he passed over with the six hundred men that were with him unto Achish, the son of Maoch, king of Gath. 3 And David dwelt with Achish at Gath, he and his men, every man with his household, even David with his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the Carmelitess, Nabal's wife. 4 And it was told Saul that David was fled to Gath: and he sought no more again for him. 5 And David said unto Achish, If I have now found grace in thine eyes, let them give me a place in some town in the country, that I may dwell there: for why should thy servant dwell in the royal city with thee? 6 Then Achish gave him Ziklag that day: wherefore Ziklag pertaineth unto the kings of Judah unto this day. 7 And the time that David dwelt in the country of the Philistines was a full year and four months. Here is, I. The prevalency of David's fear, which was the effect of the weakness of his faith ( 1 Samuel 27:1 ; 1 Samuel 27:1 ): He said to his heart (so it may be read), in his communings with it concerning his present condition, I shall now perish one day by the hand of Saul. He represented to himself the restless rage and malice of Saul (who could not be wrought into a reconciliation) and the treachery of his own countrymen, witness that of the Ziphites, once and again; he looked upon his own forces, and observed how few they were, and that no recruits had come in to him for a great while, nor could he perceive that he got any ground; and hence, in a melancholy mood, he draws this dark conclusion: I shall one day perish by the hand of Saul. But, O thou of little faith! wherefore dost thou doubt? Was he not anointed to be king? Did not that imply an assurance that he should be preserved to the kingdom? Though he had no reason to trust Saul's promises, had he not all the reason in the world to trust the promises of God? His experience of the particular care Providence took of him ought to have encouraged him. He that has delivered does and will. But unbelief is a sin that easily besets even good men. When without are fightings, within are fears, and it is a hard matter to get over them. Lord, increase our faith! II. The resolution he came to hereupon. Now that Saul had, for this time, returned to his place, he determined to take this opportunity of retiring into the Philistines' country. Consulting his own heart only, and not the ephod or the prophet, he concludes, There is nothing better for me than that I should speedily escape into the land of the Philistines. Long trials are in danger of tiring the faith and patience even of very good men. Now, 1. Saul was an enemy to himself and his kingdom in driving David to this extremity. He weakened his own interest when he expelled from his service, and forced into the service of his enemies, so great a general as David was, and so brave a regiment as he had the command of. 2. David was no friend to himself in taking this course. God had appointed him to set up his standard in the land of Judah, 1 Samuel 22:5 ; 1 Samuel 22:5 . There God had wonderfully preserved him, and employed him sometimes for the good of his country; why then should he think of deserting his post? How could he expect the protection of the God of Israel if he went out of the borders of the land of Israel? Could he expect to be safe among the Philistines, out of whose hands he had lately escaped so narrowly by feigning himself mad? Would he receive obligations from those now whom he knew he must not return kindness to when he should come to be king, but be under an obligation to make war upon? Hereby he would gratify his enemies, who bade him go and serve other gods that they might have wherewith to reproach him, and very much weaken the hands of his friends, who would not have wherewith to answer that reproach. See what need we have to pray, Lord, lead us not into temptation. III. The kind reception he had at Gath. Achish bade him welcome, partly out of generosity, being proud of entertaining so brave a man, partly out of policy, hoping to engage him for ever to his service, and that his example would invite many more to desert and come over to him. No doubt he gave David a solemn promise of protection, which he could rely upon when he could not trust Saul's promises. We may blush to think that the word of a Philistine should go further than the word of an Israelite, who, if an Israelite indeed, would be without guile, and that the city of Gath should be a place of refuge for a good man when the cities of Israel refuse him a safe abode. David, 1. Brought his men with him ( 1 Samuel 27:2 ; 1 Samuel 27:2 ) that they might guard him, and might themselves be safe where he was, and to recommend himself the more to Achish, who hoped to have service out of him. 2. He brought his family with him, his wives and his household, so did all his men, 1 Samuel 27:2 ; 1 Samuel 27:3 . Masters of families ought to take care of those that are committed to them, to protect and provide for those of their own house, and to dwell with them as men of knowledge. IV. Saul's desisting from the further prosecution of him ( 1 Samuel 27:4 ; 1 Samuel 27:4 ): He sought no more again for him; this intimates that notwithstanding the professions of repentance he had lately made, if he had had David in his reach, he would have aimed another blow. But, because he dares not come where he is, he resolves to let him alone. Thus many seem to leave their sins, but really their sins leave them; they would persist in them if they could. Saul sought no more for him, contenting himself with his banishment, since he could not have his blood, and hoping, it may be (as he had done, 1 Samuel 18:25 ; 1 Samuel 18:25 ), that he would, some time or other, fall by the hand of the Philistines; and, though he would rather have the pleasure of destroying him himself, yet, if they do it, he will be satisfied, so that it be done effectually. V. David's removal from Gath to Ziklag. 1. David's request for leave to remove was prudent and very modest, 1 Samuel 27:5 ; 1 Samuel 27:5 . (1.) It was really prudent. David knew what it was to be envied in the court of Saul, and had much more reason to fear in the court of Achish, and therefore declines preferment there, and wishes for a settlement in the country, where he might be private, more within himself, and less in other people's way. In a town of his own he might have the more free exercise of his religion, and keep his men better to it, and not have his righteous soul vexed, as it was at Gath, with the idolatries of the Philistines. (2.) As it was presented to Achish it was very modest. He does not prescribe to him what place he should assign him, only begs it may be in some town in the country, where he pleased (beggars must not be choosers); but he gives this for a reason, " Why should thy servant dwell in the royal city, to crowd thee, and disoblige those about thee?" Note, Those that would stand fast must not covet to stand high; and humble souls aim not to dwell in royal cities. 2. The grant which Achish made to him, upon that request, was very generous and kind ( 1 Samuel 27:6 ; 1 Samuel 27:7 ): Achish gave him Ziklag. Hereby, (1.) Israel recovered their ancient right; for Ziklag was in the lot of the tribe of Judah ( Joshua 15:31 ), and afterwards, out of that lot, was assigned, with some other cities, to Simeon, Joshua 19:5 . But either it was never subdued, or the Philistines had, in some struggle with Israel, made themselves masters of it. Perhaps they had got it unjustly, and Achish, being a man of sense and honour, took this occasion to restore it. The righteous God judgeth righteously. (2.) David gained a commodious settlement, not only at a distance from Gath, but bordering upon Israel, where he might keep up a correspondence with his own countrymen, and whither they might resort to him at the revolution that was now approaching. Though we do not find that he augmented his forces at all while Saul lived (for, 1 Samuel 30:10 ; 1 Samuel 30:10 , he had but his six hundred men ), yet, immediately after Saul's death, that was the rendezvous of his friends. Nay, it should seem, while he kept himself close because of Saul, multitudes resorted to him, at least to assure him of their sincere intentions, 1 Chronicles 12:1-22 . And this further advantage David gained, that Ziklag was annexed to the crown, at least the royalty of it pertained to the kings of Judah, ever after, 1 Samuel 27:6 ; 1 Samuel 27:6 . Note, There is nothing lost by humility and modesty, and a willingness to retire. Real advantages follow those that flee from imaginary honours. Here David continued for some days, even four months, as it may very well be read ( 1 Samuel 27:7 ; 1 Samuel 27:7 ), or some days above four months: the LXX. reads it, some months; so long he waited for the set time of his accession to the throne; for he that believeth shall not make haste. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-8-12" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-1sa-27-001 - part_of
pericope/per-1sa-27-002
절 (explains)
bible-text/1sa-27-1, bible-text/1sa-27-2, bible-text/1sa-27-3, bible-text/1sa-27-4, bible-text/1sa-27-5, bible-text/1sa-27-6, bible-text/1sa-27-7
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**다윗, 가드로 돌아가다**
> 1 다윗이 마음속으로 말하였습니다. "내가 언젠가는 사울의 손에 죽을 것이다. 블레셋 땅으로 빨리 피신하는 것이 내게 최선이다. 그러면 사울이 이스라엘 어느 곳에서도 나를 더 이상 찾지 않을 것이고, 나는 그의 손에서 벗어날 것이다." 2 다윗이 일어나 자기와 함께한 육백 명을 이끌고 마옥의 아들 가드 왕 아기스에게로 건너갔습니다. 3 다윗과 그의 부하들은 저마다 가족을 데리고 아기스와 함께 가드에 머물렀습니다. 다윗은 이스르엘 여인 아히노암과 갈멜 사람 나발의 아내였던 아비가일, 두 아내와 함께 있었습니다. 4 다윗이 가드로 도망쳤다는 소식이 사울에게 전해지자, 사울은 더 이상 그를 찾지 않았습니다. 5 다윗이 아기스에게 말하였습니다. "내가 왕의 눈에 은혜를 입었다면, 시골 어느 성읍에 자리를 주소서. 이 종이 왕의 도성에서 왕과 함께 있을 이유가 무엇입니까?" 6 그날 아기스는 다윗에게 시글락을 주었습니다. 그래서 시글락은 지금까지도 유다 왕들에게 속해 있습니다. 7 다윗이 블레셋 사람들의 땅에 머문 기간은 꼭 일 년 사 개월이었습니다.
**I. 다윗의 두려움이 지배함 — 믿음이 약해진 결과 (1절)**
다윗은 자기 마음에게 말하였다(원문대로 읽으면 그렇다). 곧 자신의 현재 상황에 대해 마음과 상의하는 가운데 이렇게 말하였다. "내가 언젠가는 사울의 손에 죽을 것이다." 그는 화해할 수 없는 사울의 지칠 줄 모르는 분노와 악의를 눈앞에 그렸다. 또한 자기 동족의 배신, 즉 십 사람들의 거듭된 밀고를 떠올렸다. 자기 군대가 얼마나 적은지, 오랫동안 지원군이 오지 않았으며 전세도 나아지지 않는다는 것을 바라보았다. 그리고 이 우울한 기분 속에서 이런 어두운 결론을 내렸다. "내가 언젠가는 사울의 손에 죽을 것이다."
그러나 오, 믿음이 작은 자여! 어찌하여 의심하느냐? 그는 왕으로 기름 부음을 받지 않았는가? 그 기름 부음은 왕국까지 보전될 것이라는 보증이 아니었는가? 사울의 약속은 믿을 수 없었지만, 하나님의 약속을 믿지 않을 이유가 어디 있었는가? 하나님의 섭리가 그를 특별히 돌보아 주셨다는 경험이 그를 격려했어야 했다. "건지신 이가 또 건지실 것이다." 그러나 불신앙은 선한 사람들조차 쉽게 얽매이는 죄이다. 밖에는 싸움이 있고 안에는 두려움이 있으면, 그것을 극복하기란 몹시 어렵다. 주님, 우리의 믿음을 더하소서!
**II. 다윗이 내린 결단**
사울이 이번에는 자기 처소로 돌아간 틈을 타, 다윗은 블레셋 땅으로 피신하기로 결심하였다. 에봇이나 선지자에게 묻지 않고 자기 마음만을 의지하여, 그는 이렇게 결론 내렸다. "블레셋 땅으로 빨리 피신하는 것이 내게 최선이다." 오랜 시험은 심지어 매우 훌륭한 사람들의 믿음과 인내도 지치게 할 위험이 있다.
1. 사울은 다윗을 이 극단으로 몰아붙임으로써 자신과 자기 왕국에 해를 끼쳤다. 다윗과 같이 탁월한 장군과 그가 이끄는 용맹한 부대를 자기 진영에서 쫓아내어 적의 편으로 내몬 것은 자기 이익을 약화시킨 일이었다.
2. 다윗도 이 선택을 함으로써 자신에게 호의적이지 못하였다. 하나님은 다윗에게 유다 땅에 깃발을 세우라고 명하셨다(삼상 22:5). 거기서 하나님은 그를 기이하게 보호하셨고, 때로는 나라를 위해 쓰셨다. 그렇다면 어찌하여 자기 자리를 버리고 떠나려 했는가? 이스라엘 땅의 경계를 벗어나서도 이스라엘의 하나님의 보호를 기대할 수 있었겠는가? 전에 미친 체하여 겨우 탈출한 그 블레셋 사람들 가운데서 과연 안전을 기대할 수 있었겠는가? 그는 지금 그들에게 신세를 지게 되지만, 나중에 왕이 될 때는 그 신세를 갚을 수 없고 오히려 전쟁을 벌여야 할 처지가 된다. 이로써 그는 적들을 기쁘게 하고 친구들의 손을 약하게 할 뿐이었다. 우리가 "주님, 우리를 시험에 들지 않게 하소서"라고 기도해야 할 필요가 얼마나 큰지 알 수 있다.
**III. 가드에서 받은 따뜻한 환대**
아기스는 다윗을 기꺼이 맞아들였다. 부분적으로는 그토록 용감한 인물을 환대한다는 관대함 때문이었고, 부분적으로는 그를 영원히 자기 편으로 붙잡아 두려는 정략 때문이기도 하였다. 또한 다윗의 귀순이 많은 다른 이들의 이탈을 유도할 것이라 기대하였다. 아기스는 틀림없이 다윗에게 보호를 엄숙히 약속하였고, 다윗은 사울의 약속을 신뢰할 수 없는 상황에서 그 약속에 의지할 수 있었다. 한 이스라엘 사람의 말보다 블레셋 사람의 말이 더 믿음직하다는 사실을 부끄러워해야 한다. 이스라엘 사람이 참 이스라엘 사람이라면 간사함이 없어야 하는데(요 1:47), 이스라엘 성읍들이 선인에게 안전한 거처를 거부할 때 가드 성읍이 피난처가 된다는 것은 부끄러운 일이다.
다윗은, (1) 부하들을 함께 데려갔다(2절). 그들이 다윗을 지키고, 그들 자신도 다윗이 있는 곳에서 안전할 수 있도록. 또한 아기스에게 자신을 더욱 추천하기 위함이었으니, 아기스는 다윗에게서 유용한 역할을 기대하였다. (2) 가족도 함께 데려갔다. 그의 아내들과 가솔, 그리고 모든 부하들도 저마다 그렇게 하였다(2-3절). 가정을 맡은 이들은 자기에게 맡겨진 자들을 보호하고 부양할 의무가 있으며, 지식 있는 사람으로서 그들과 함께 살아야 한다.
**IV. 사울이 다윗 추격을 중단함 (4절)**
"사울은 더 이상 그를 찾지 않았습니다." 이는 사울이 얼마 전에 회개를 고백했음에도 불구하고 다윗이 손에 들어왔더라면 다시 칼을 겨누었을 것임을 암시한다. 그러나 그 있는 곳에 감히 가지 못하므로 가만히 내버려 두기로 결심하였다. 이처럼 많은 사람이 죄를 버리는 것 같지만, 사실은 죄가 그들을 버리는 것이다. 기회만 있으면 죄를 계속하였을 것인데 그럴 수 없게 된 것이다. 사울은 더 이상 그를 찾지 않았다. 직접 피를 보지는 못하더라도 추방으로 만족하였다. 아마도 전에 기대했듯이(삼상 18:25), 다윗이 블레셋 사람들의 손에 죽기를 바랐을 것이다. 자기 손으로 하면 더 통쾌하겠지만, 남이 하더라도 목적만 이루어진다면 만족하겠다는 생각이었다.
**V. 다윗이 가드에서 시글락으로 이주함**
1. 이주를 청하는 다윗의 요청은 신중하고 매우 겸손하였다(5절). (1) 실제로 신중한 것이었다. 다윗은 사울의 궁정에서 시기를 받는 것이 어떤 것인지 알았고, 아기스의 궁정에서는 더욱 두려워할 이유가 있었다. 그래서 거기서 높아지는 것을 거절하고 시골에 자리를 잡기를 원하였다. 그렇게 하면 더 조용히 지낼 수 있고 남들에게 덜 거슬리게 된다. 자기 성읍에서는 신앙을 더 자유롭게 실천하고 부하들도 그렇게 지키게 할 수 있으며, 블레셋 사람들의 우상숭배로 가드에서 괴로움을 당하는 일도 없을 것이다. (2) 아기스에게 표현한 방식은 매우 겸손하였다. 어느 성읍을 지정해 달라고 요구하지 않고, 시골 어느 곳이든 기뻐하시는 대로 주소서 하고 간청하였다(구걸하는 자는 선택자가 될 수 없다). 그러면서 이렇게 이유를 댔다. "이 종이 왕의 도성에서 왕을 번거롭게 하고 왕 주변 사람들을 불편하게 할 이유가 무엇입니까?" 굳게 서려는 자는 높이 서려 하지 않아야 한다. 겸손한 영혼은 왕의 도성에 살기를 바라지 않는다.
2. 그 요청에 응한 아기스의 허락은 매우 후하고 친절하였다(6-7절). 아기스는 다윗에게 시글락을 주었다. 이로써, (1) 이스라엘은 오랜 권리를 되찾았다. 시글락은 원래 유다 지파의 제비에 속하였고(수 15:31), 나중에 그 제비에서 시므온에게도 배정된 성읍이었다(수 19:5). 블레셋 사람들이 부당하게 차지한 것을 아기스가 이 기회에 돌려준 것인지도 모른다. 의로우신 하나님은 의롭게 심판하신다. (2) 다윗은 편리한 정착지를 얻었다. 가드에서 떨어져 있을 뿐 아니라 이스라엘과 경계를 맞닿은 곳이어서, 동족과 연락을 유지하고 머지않은 변화의 때에 그들이 그에게 모여들 수 있었다. 사울이 살아 있는 동안 다윗의 병력이 늘지는 않았지만(삼상 30:10에서 여전히 육백 명), 사울이 죽은 직후에는 그곳이 친구들의 집결지가 되었다. 심지어 그가 사울 때문에 은신하는 동안에도 많은 무리가 그에게 찾아와 충성을 표하였다(대상 12:1-22). 또한 시글락은 왕실 재산으로 편입되어 이후 유다 왕들에게 계속 속하게 되었다(6절). 겸손과 소박함으로, 그리고 물러서려는 의지로 잃는 것은 없다. 헛된 영예를 피하는 자들에게 진정한 유익이 따라온다.
다윗은 여기에 사 개월하고 얼마가 더 지나도록 머물렀다(7절). 칠십인역은 "몇 달"로 읽는다. 그는 이 기간 왕위에 오를 정해진 때를 기다렸다. 믿는 자는 서두르지 않는다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-1sa-27-1-7(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
1~12절 카드 ↗
F I R S T S A M U E L CHAP. XXVII. David was a man after God's own heart, and yet he had his faults, which are recorded, not for our imitation, but for our admonition; witness the story of this chapter, in which, though, I. We find, to his praise, that he prudently took care of his own safety and his family's ( 1 Samuel 27:2-4 ) and valiantly fought Israel's battles against the Canaanites ( 1 Samuel 27:8-9 ), yet, II. We find, to his dishonour, 1. That he began to despair of his deliverance, 1 Samuel 27:1 . 2. That he deserted his own country, and went to dwell in the land of the Philistines, 1 Samuel 27:1 ; 1 Samuel 27:5-7 . 3. That he imposed upon Achish with an equivocation, if not a lie, concerning his expedition, 1 Samuel 27:10-12 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-1-7" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-1sa-27-001 - part_of
pericope/per-1sa-27-002 - part_of
pericope/per-1sa-27-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**사무엘상 27장**
다윗은 하나님의 마음에 합한 사람이었지만, 그에게도 허물이 있었다. 성경은 그 허물을 본받으라는 뜻이 아니라 경계로 삼으라는 뜻에서 기록하고 있으며, 이 장의 이야기가 바로 그 증거이다.
이 장에서 우리는 한편으로는 다윗을 칭찬할 만한 일을 발견한다. 그는 자신과 가족의 안전을 슬기롭게 도모하였고(삼상 27:2-4), 가나안 족속을 상대로 이스라엘의 전투를 용감하게 수행하였다(삼상 27:8-9). 그러나 다른 한편으로는 그의 불명예스러운 모습도 드러난다. 첫째, 구원을 포기하고 절망하였다(삼상 27:1). 둘째, 자기 나라를 떠나 블레셋 땅에 거주하였다(삼상 27:1, 5-7). 셋째, 자신의 원정에 대해 아기스를 애매한 말로 속였으며, 이는 거짓말에 다름 아니었다(삼상 27:10-12).
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-1sa-27-intro(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
8~12절 카드 ↗
David Smites the Amalekites. . 8 And David and his men went up, and invaded the Geshurites, and the Gezrites, and the Amalekites: for those nations were of old the inhabitants of the land, as thou goest to Shur, even unto the land of Egypt. 9 And David smote the land, and left neither man nor woman alive, and took away the sheep, and the oxen, and the asses, and the camels, and the apparel, and returned, and came to Achish. 10 And Achish said, Whither have ye made a road to day? And David said, Against the south of Judah, and against the south of the Jerahmeelites, and against the south of the Kenites. 11 And David saved neither man nor woman alive, to bring tidings to Gath, saying, Lest they should tell on us, saying, So did David, and so will be his manner all the while he dwelleth in the country of the Philistines. 12 And Achish believed David, saying, He hath made his people Israel utterly to abhor him; therefore he shall be my servant for ever. Here is an account of David's actions while he was in the land of the Philistines, a fierce attack he made upon some remains of the devoted nations, his success in it, and the representation he gave of it to Achish. 1. We may acquit him of injustice and cruelty in this action because those people whom he cut off were such as heaven had long since doomed to destruction, and he that did it was one whom heaven had ordained to dominion; so that the thing was very fit to be done, and he was very fit to do it. It was not for him that was anointed to fight the Lord's battles to sit still in sloth, however he might think fit, in modesty, to retire. He desired to be safe from Saul only that he might expose himself for Israel. He avenged an old quarrel that God had with these nations, and at the same time fetched in provisions for himself and his army, for by their swords they must live. The Amalekites were to be all cut off. Probably the Geshurites and Gezrites were branches of Amalek. Saul was rejected for sparing them, David makes up the deficiency of his obedience before he succeeds him. He smote them, and left none alive, 1 Samuel 27:8 ; 1 Samuel 27:9 . The service paid itself, for they carried off abundance of spoil, which served for the subsistence of David's forces. 2. Yet we cannot acquit him of dissimulation with Achish in the account he gave him of this expedition. (1.) David, it seems, was not willing that he should know the truth, and therefore spared none to carry tidings to Gath ( 1 Samuel 27:11 ; 1 Samuel 27:11 ), not because he was ashamed of what he had done as a bad thing, but because he was afraid, if the Philistines knew it, they would be apprehensive of danger to themselves or their allies by harbouring him among them and would expel him from their coasts. It would be easy to conclude, If so he did, so will be his manner, and therefore he industriously conceals it from them, which, it seems, he could do by putting them all to the sword, for none of their neighbours would inform against him, nor perhaps would soon come to the knowledge of what was done, intelligence not being so readily communicated then as now. (2.) He hid it from Achish with an equivocation not at all becoming his character. Being asked which way he had made his sally, he answered, Against the south of Judah, 1 Samuel 27:13 ; 1 Samuel 27:13 . It was true he had invaded those countries that lay south of Judah, but he made Achish believe he had invaded those that lay south in Judah, the Ziphites for example, that had once and again betrayed him; so Achish understood him, and thence inferred that he had made his people Israel to abhor him, and so riveted himself in the interest of Achish. The fidelity of Achish to him, his good opinion of him, and the confidence he put in him, aggravate his sin in deceiving him thus, which, with some other such instances, David seems penitently to reflect upon when he prays, Remove from me the way of lying. return to ' Top of Page ' 1 Samuel 1Sa 26 1 Samuel 1Sa 1 Samuel 1Sa 28 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on 1 Samuel 27". 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Samuel",url:"1-samuel",abbr:"1Sa",sl:"1sa",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]},{num:9,name:"2 Samuel",url:"2-samuel",abbr:"2Sa",sl:"2sa",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]},{num:10,name:"1 Kings",url:"1-kings",abbr:"1Ki",sl:"1ki",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]},{num:11,name:"2 Kings",url:"2-kings",abbr:"2Ki",sl:"2ki",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]},{num:12,name:"1 Chronicles",url:"1-chronicles",abbr:"1Ch",sl:"1ch",ch:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]},{num:13,name:"2 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0);}else{takesVerse=(parseInt(verse,10)>0);}if(takesVerse){translationSelector_menu('verse');}else{_ts_sendThemBack('reference-noverse');}}});}if(mode==='verse'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-chapter',data:{number:o},html:o,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();verse=parseInt(this.getAttribute('data-number'),10);_ts_sendThemBack('reference-verse');}});}if(mode==='language'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-languages',data:{'trans-lang':items[o].abbr},html:items[o].name,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();translang=this.getAttribute('data-trans-lang');translationSelector_menu('translation');}});}if(mode==='translation'){return _ts_el('div',{cls:'popupDiv-item clickable selector-translation',data:{'trans-abbr':items[o].trans},html:items[o].name,click:function(){_ts_removeOverlay();transabbr=this.getAttribute('data-trans-abbr');_ts_sendThemBack('translation');}});}} function _ts_sendThemBack(reason){var origPath=window.location.pathname;var parts=origPath.split('/');var noVerse=(reason==='reference-noverse');var inputIsPerVerse=_ts_isPerVerseUrl(origPath);if(parts[1]==='interlinear-study-bible'){parts=parts.slice(0,5);parts[3]=book_data[book].url;parts[4]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else if(parts[1]==='commentary'){parts=parts.slice(0,4);parts[2]=book_data[book].url;parts[3]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else if(parts[1]==='commentaries'){parts[2]=comlang;parts[3]=comabbr;if(inputIsPerVerse){parts=parts.slice(0,6);parts[4]=book_data[book].url;parts[5]=noVerse?(chapter+'.html'):(chapter+'-'+verse+'.html');}else{parts=parts.slice(0,5);parts[4]=book_data[book].url+'-'+chapter+'.html';}}else if(parts[1]==='bible'){parts=parts.slice(0,6);parts[2]=translang;parts[3]=transabbr;parts[4]=book_data[book].url;parts[5]=(verse duction ","Verses 1-7","Verses 8-12"]; function
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-1sa-27-003
절 (explains)
bible-text/1sa-27-8, bible-text/1sa-27-9, bible-text/1sa-27-10, bible-text/1sa-27-11, bible-text/1sa-27-12
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
**다윗, 아말렉 족속을 치다**
> 8 다윗과 그의 부하들이 올라가 그수르 사람들과 기르스 사람들과 아말렉 사람들을 쳤습니다. 이 민족들은 예로부터 술에서 이집트 땅까지의 지역에 살던 주민들이었습니다. 9 다윗은 그 땅을 쳐서 남자와 여자를 하나도 살려 두지 않았습니다. 그는 양과 소와 나귀와 낙타와 의복을 빼앗아 돌아와 아기스에게 갔습니다. 10 아기스가 물었습니다. "오늘 어디를 쳤느냐?" 다윗이 대답하였습니다. "유다 남쪽과 여라흐므엘 사람들의 남쪽과 겐 사람들의 남쪽입니다." 11 다윗은 남자나 여자를 하나도 살려서 가드로 데려오지 않았습니다. "그들이 '다윗이 이렇게 하였고, 이것이 그가 블레셋 사람들의 땅에 사는 동안 그의 관행이 될 것이다'라고 고해 바칠까 염려했기 때문입니다." 12 아기스는 다윗을 믿었습니다. 아기스는 속으로 말하였습니다. "그가 자기 백성 이스라엘에게 아주 미움을 사게 만들었으니, 그는 영원히 내 신하가 될 것이다."
이 단락에는 다윗이 블레셋 땅에 있을 때의 행적이 기록되어 있다. 저주받은 민족들의 잔당을 맹렬히 공격한 일, 그 성과, 그리고 아기스에게 한 보고가 그것이다.
**1. 다윗의 행동에서 불의와 잔인함을 면죄할 수 있다**
그가 섬멸한 사람들은 하나님이 오래전부터 멸망으로 예정한 자들이었고, 그 일을 행한 자는 하나님이 통치권을 위해 정하신 인물이었기 때문이다. 따라서 그 일은 행하기에 매우 마땅한 것이었으며, 다윗은 그것을 행하기에 매우 적합한 사람이었다. 주의 전쟁을 싸우도록 기름 부음 받은 자가 나태함 가운데 가만히 있는 것은 그에게 어울리지 않는 일이었다. 비록 겸손 때문에 물러나 있었지만, 이스라엘을 위해 자신을 헌신해야 했다. 그는 하나님이 이 민족들에게 가지신 오래된 원한을 갚는 동시에 자신과 군대를 위한 양식도 조달하였다. 이런 자들은 칼로 살아야 했다. 아말렉 족속은 모두 멸절되어야 했다. 그수르 사람들과 기르스 사람들도 아말렉의 지파였을 것이다. 사울은 그들을 살려 두었다가 버림을 받았으니, 다윗은 그를 뒤잇기 전에 그 불순종의 결함을 메꾸었다. 그는 그들을 쳐서 하나도 살려 두지 않았다(8-9절). 전리품을 풍성히 챙겼으니, 이는 다윗의 병력을 유지하는 데 쓰이게 되었다.
**2. 그러나 아기스를 대하는 태도에서는 위장술을 면죄할 수 없다**
(1) 다윗은 아기스가 진실을 알기를 원하지 않았다. 그래서 가드로 전갈을 보낼 자가 없도록 아무도 살려 두지 않았다(11절). 자신이 행한 일이 나쁜 일이라 부끄러워서가 아니라, 블레셋 사람들이 알게 된다면 그들 자신이나 동맹국에 위협이 된다고 여겨 다윗을 추방할까 두려웠기 때문이다. "그가 이번에 이렇게 하였으니 앞으로도 그의 관행이 그럴 것이다"라는 결론을 쉽게 내릴 것이었다. 그래서 그는 의도적으로 이를 숨겼다. 인근의 누구도 고발하지 않을 것이고, 지금처럼 정보가 신속히 전달되지 않던 때였으므로 당분간 알려지지도 않을 것이었다.
(2) 그는 애매한 말로 아기스에게 이를 숨겼다. 어느 방향으로 공격했느냐는 질문을 받자, 그는 "유다 남쪽"이라고 대답하였다(10절). 유다 남쪽에 있는 그 나라들을 공격한 것은 사실이었지만, 아기스는 유다 안의 남쪽, 즉 자신을 한때 두 차례 배신한 십 사람들을 공격한 것으로 이해하였다. 그리하여 아기스는 다윗이 이스라엘 백성에게 아주 미움을 샀으니 영원히 자기 신하가 될 것이라 판단하였다. 아기스가 다윗에게 베푼 신실함, 그의 선한 의견, 그리고 그를 신뢰한 것 자체가, 그를 이렇게 기만한 다윗의 죄를 더욱 무겁게 한다. 이 일과 몇 가지 비슷한 사례를 두고 다윗은 나중에 "거짓말하는 길을 내게서 떠나게 하소서"(시 119:29)라고 참회하며 기도하는 것 같다.
원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-1sa-27-8-12(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반