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주석[칼빈] — 요나 2장 · 물고기 뱃속 기도

요약
칼빈 주석 · 섹션 10개 · 한국어 번역 있음(한국어 우선) · 본문 보기
아래 주석은 원문(및 번역문) 그대로입니다.

1절 카드 ↗

When Jonah says that he prayed from the bowels of the fish, he shows first with what courage of mind he was endued. He had then put on a new heart; for when he was at liberty he thought that he could in a manner escape from God, he became a fugitive from the Lord: but now while inclosed within narrow bounds, he begins to pray, and of his own accord sets himself in God’s presence. This is a change worthy of being noticed: and hence we may learn how much it profits us to be drawn back often as it were by cords, or to be held tied up with fetters because when we are free we go astray here and there beyond all limits. Jonah, when he was at liberty, became, as we have seen, wanton; but now finding himself restrained by the mighty hand of God, he receives a new mind, and prays from the bowels of the fish (36) . But how was it that he directed his petitions then to God, by whose hand he saw that he was so heavily pressed? For God most rigidly handled him; Jonah was in a manner doomed to eternal ruin; the bowels of the fish, as we shall hereafter see, were indeed to him as it were hell or the grave. But in this state of despair Jonah even gathered courage, and was able to retake himself directly to God. It was a wonderful and almost incredible example of faith. Let us then learn to weigh well what is here said; for when the Lord heavily afflicts us, it is then a legitimate and seasonable time for prayer. But we know that the greater part despond, and do not usually offer their prayers freely to God, except their minds be in a calm state; and yet God then especially invites us to himself when we are reduced to extremities. Let this, then, which Jonah declares of himself, come to our minds, — that he cried to God from hell itself: and, at the same time, he assures us that his prayer proceeded from true faith; for he does not simply say that he prayed to Jehovah, but he adds that he was his God ; and he speaks with a serious and deeply-reflective mind. Though Jonah then was not only like one dead, but also on the confines of perdition, he yet believed that God would be merciful if he fled to him. We hence see that Jonah prayed not at random, as hypocrites are wont to take God’s name in their mouths when they are in distress, but he prayed in earnest; for he was persuaded that God would be propitious to him. But we must remember that his prayer was not composed in the words which are here related; but Jonah, while in the bowels of the fish, dwelt on these thoughts in his mind. Hence he relates in this song how he thought and felt; and we shall see that he was then in a state of distraction, as our minds must necessarily be tossed here and there by temptations. For the servants of God do not gain the victory without great struggle. We must fight, and indeed strenuously, that we may conquer. Jonah then in this song shows that he was agitated with great trouble and hard contests: yet this conviction was firmly fixed in his heart, — that God was to be sought, and would not be sought in vain, as he is ever ready to bring help to his people whenever they cry to him. (36) “No place amiss for prayer, I will that men pray everywhere; where ever God casts us we may find a way open heavenwards, if it be now our own fault. Jonah was now in the bottom of the sea, yet out of the depths he cries to God.” — M. Henry. “It may be asked, How could Jonah either pray or breathe in the stomach of a fish? Very easily, if God so willed it. And let the reader keep this constantly in view: the whole is a miracle , from Jonah’s being swallowed by the fish, till he was cast ashore by the same animal. It was God that had prepared the great fish; it was the Lord that spake to the fish, and caused it to vomit Jonah on the dry land. All is miracle.” — Adam Clarke. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/jon-2-1

Source

요나는 물고기 뱃속에서 기도했다고 말하면서, 먼저 자신이 어떤 용기로 무장하고 있었는지를 보여 준다. 그는 새로운 마음을 입었다. 자유롭던 시절 그는 하나님을 피할 수 있다고 생각했고, 도망자가 되어 주님을 떠났다. 그러나 이제 좁은 공간에 갇히자 스스로 하나님 앞에 나아가 기도한다. 이 변화는 주목할 만하다. 우리는 종종 굴레나 사슬에 묶여야 제자리로 돌아온다. 자유로울 때 우리는 요나처럼 온갖 한계를 넘어 방황하기 때문이다. 요나는 자유로울 때 방종했지만, 하나님의 강한 손에 억눌리자 새 마음을 받고 물고기 뱃속에서 기도했다.

그런데 어떻게 이토록 혹독하게 자신을 다루시는 하나님께 기도를 드릴 수 있었는가? 하나님은 요나를 극도로 다루셨다. 그는 말하자면 영원한 멸망 직전에 있었다. 물고기 뱃속은 그에게 지옥이나 무덤과 같은 것이었다. 그런 절망 속에서도 요나는 용기를 모아 곧장 하나님께 나아갔다. 이것은 거의 믿기 어려운 놀라운 믿음의 예다. 그러므로 여기서 말하는 것을 깊이 헤아리자. 하나님이 우리를 극도로 고통스럽게 하실 때, 그때가 바로 기도의 합당한 때다. 그러나 대부분의 사람들은 낙심하고, 마음이 평온할 때라야 기도를 드린다. 반면 하나님은 우리가 극한에 처했을 때 특별히 자신에게 오라고 초청하신다.

요나가 여호와께 기도했다고만 말하지 않고 "나의 하나님"이라고 덧붙인 것을 주목하라. 그는 진지하고 깊이 생각하며 말한다. 요나는 죽음의 경계선에 있었을 뿐 아니라 멸망의 직전에 있었지만, 그래도 하나님께 달려가면 자비를 베푸실 것을 믿었다. 위선자들은 어려울 때 막연히 하나님의 이름을 부른다. 그러나 요나는 하나님이 자신에게 은혜로우실 것을 확신하며 기도했다. 기억하라. 이 기도는 이 말씀들이 기록된 그대로 드려진 것이 아니다. 요나는 물고기 뱃속에서 이러한 생각과 감정들을 품었다. 그는 이 시(詩) 속에서 당시 자신이 어떻게 생각하고 느꼈는지를 전한다. 그 마음은 불안으로 여기저기 흔들렸다. 하나님의 종들은 큰 싸움 없이 승리를 얻지 않는다. 싸워야 한다. 용감하게. 그래야 이길 수 있다. 요나는 이 시에서 큰 고통과 치열한 싸움 속에 있었음을 보여 주지만, 이 확신은 그 마음에 굳게 박혀 있었다 — 하나님을 구해야 하며, 그분은 헛되이 구하는 것을 허락하지 않으시고, 백성이 부르짖을 때마다 항상 도우실 준비가 되어 계신다는 것.

원주석

2절 카드 ↗

Then he says, I cried, when I had trouble, to Jehovah, and he answered me. Jonah no doubt relates now, after having come forth from the bowels of the fish, what had happened to him, and he gives thanks to the Lord. (37) This verse then contains two parts, — that Jonah in his trouble fled to God, — and the latter part contains thanksgiving for having been miraculously delivered beyond what flesh could have thought. I cried, he says, in my distress, to Jehovah; I cried out from the bowels of hell, thou hast heard my voice. Jonah, as we shall hereafter see, directed his prayers to God not without great struggle; he contended with many difficulties; but however great the impediments in his way, he still persevered and ceased not from praying. He now tells us that he had not prayed in vain; and, that he might amplify the grace of God, he says, from the bowels of the grave He mentioned distress ( angustiam — straitness) in the first clause; but here he more clearly expresses how remarkable and extraordinary had been the kindness of God, that he came forth safe from the bowels of the fish, which were like the bowels of the grave. שאול , shaul , derived from corruption, is called the grave by the Hebrews, and the Latin translator has almost everywhere rendered it hell, ( infernum; ) and שאול , shaul, is also sometimes taken for hell, that is, the state of the reprobate, because they know that they are condemned by God: it is, however, taken more frequently for the grave; and I am disposed to retain this sense, — that the fish was like the grave. But he means that he was so shut up in the grave, that there was no escape open to him. What are the bowels of the grave? Even the inside or the recess of the grave itself. When Jonah was in this state, he says, that he was heard by the Lord. It may be proper to repeat again what I have already slightly touched, — that Jonah was not so oppressed, though under the heaviest trial, but that his petitions came forth to God. He prayed as it were from hell, and not simply prayed, for he, at the same time, sets forth his vehemence and ardor by saying, that he cried and cried aloud. Distress, no doubt, extorted from Jonah these urgent entreaties. However this might have been, he did not howl, as the unbelieving are wont to do, who feel their own evils and bitterly complain; and yet they pour forth vain howlings. Jonah here shows himself to be different from them by saying, that he cried and cried aloud to God. It now follows — (37) He relates here, as it appears from the preceding, “and he said,” the prayer he offered when in the fish’s bowels, and not a prayer offered after his deliverance. Some have entertained the latter opinion, because some of the verbs here are in the past tense: but this circumstance only shows that he continued to pray from the time when he was swallowed by the fish to the time when he was delivered. It was a continued act. It is the same as though he said, “I have called, and do call on Jehovah.” Marckius, and also Dathius, render the verbs in the present tense, “I call,” etc. The following is a translation according to the view of this prayer, — 3. I call in my distress on Jehovah, and he will answer me; From the belly of the grave I cry, — thou hearest my voice. 4. When thou didst send me to the deep, into the midst of the waters, And the flood surrounded me, — Thy billows and waves over me passed; 5. Then I said, I am banished from the sight of thine eyes; — Yet I will again look towards the temple of thy holiness. 6. Encompass me do the waters to the soul, The deep surrounds me, The sedge is wrapped around my head: 7. To the cuttings off of the mountains have I descended; The earth! Its bars are continually around me: But thou wilt bring from destruction my life, O Jehovah, my God. 8. When overwhelmed within me was my soul, Jehovah did I remember; And come to thee shall my prayer — To the temple of thy holiness. 9. They who regard idols of vanity, Their own mercy forsake: 10. But I, with the voice of praise, will sacrifice to thee, What I have vowed will I fulfill: Salvation belongs to Jehovah. “The cuttings off,” in verse 7, says Parkhurst, were those parts which were cut off from the mountains at the deluge. The Septuagint has σχισμας — rents-clefts. Roots, bottoms, foundations, have been adopted by some, but not consistently with the meaning of the original word, — “The bars or bolts” of the earth convey the idea of impediments in his way to return to the earth. They were “around” him, or literally “upon” him, בעדי , that is, they were, as it were, closed upon him. — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/jon-2-2

Source

"내가 고통 중에서 여호와께 부르짖었더니 그가 내게 응답하셨다." 요나는 물고기 뱃속에서 있었던 일을 밖으로 나온 후에 기록하며 하나님께 감사를 드린다. 이 절에는 두 부분이 있다. 요나가 고통 중에 하나님께 달려갔다는 것, 그리고 후반부는 육신이 상상조차 할 수 없는 방식으로 기적적으로 구원받은 것에 대한 감사다.

"내가 고통 중에서 여호와께 부르짖었다. 나는 스올의 뱃속에서 부르짖었고 주께서 내 목소리를 들으셨다." 요나는 후에 보게 되겠지만 많은 어려움과 싸우며 기도를 드렸다. 그러나 아무리 큰 장애가 있었어도 끝까지 기도하기를 멈추지 않았다. 이제 그는 헛되이 기도하지 않았음을 말한다. 하나님의 은혜가 얼마나 놀라운지를 강조하기 위해, 무덤의 뱃속에서라고 표현한다. 히브리어로 무덤은 '스올'(שאול)이다. 라틴어 번역본은 거의 모든 곳에서 이를 '지옥'(infernum)으로 옮겼다. 스올은 때로 지옥, 곧 정죄받은 자들의 상태를 가리킨다. 그러나 더 자주 무덤을 의미하며, 나는 이 뜻을 유지하는 것이 옳다고 본다 — 물고기가 무덤과 같았다는 것. 그는 그 무덤 속 깊이 갇혀 어떤 탈출구도 없는 상태에 있었다.

요나는 가장 무거운 시련 속에서도 기도가 하나님께로 흘러 들어갔음을 거듭 확인한다. 그는 지옥에서와 같은 곳에서 기도했을 뿐 아니라, "부르짖었고 큰 소리로 외쳤다"는 표현으로 그 간절함과 열정을 드러낸다. 물론 고통이 그런 간절한 탄원을 쥐어짜 냈다. 그러나 불신자들처럼 자기 고통을 느끼며 쓰라리게 불평하고 허공에 울부짖는 것과는 달리, 요나는 하나님을 향해 부르짖었다.

원주석

3절 카드 ↗

In this verse are set forth his difficulties: for Jonah, for the sake of amplifying, refers to his condition. It was a great thing that he cried to God from the bowels of the fish; but it was far more difficult for him to raise up his mind in prayer, when he knew or thought God to be angry with him: for had he been thrown into extreme evils, he might yet call upon God; but as it came to his mind that all the evil he suffered was inflicted by God, because he tried to shun his call, how was it possible for him to penetrate into heaven when such an obstacle stood in his way? We hence see the design of these words, But thou hadst cast me into the gulf, into the heart of the sea; the flood surrounded me, all thy billows and waves passed over me. In short, Jonah shows here what dreadful temptations presented themselves to him while he was endeavoring to offer up prayers. It came first to his mind that God was his most inveterate enemy. For Jonah did not then think of the sailors and the rest who had cast him into the sea; but his mind was fixed on God: this is the reason why he says, Thou, Lord, hadst cast me into the deep, into the heart of the sea; and then, Thy billows, Thy waves (38) He does not here regard the nature of the sea; but he bestows, as I have already said, all his thoughts on God, and acknowledges that he had to do with him; as though he said, “Thou Lord, in pursuing me, drivest me away; but to thee do I come: thou showest by dreadful proofs that thou art offended with me, but yet I seek thee; so far is it that these terrors drive me to a distance from thee, that now, being subdued as it were by thy goads, I come willingly to thee; for nowhere else is there for me any hope of deliverance.” We now then see how much avails the contrast, when Jonah sets the terrible punishment which he endured in opposition to his prayer. Let us now proceed — (38) “He calls them God’s billows and his waves, not because he made and rules them, but because he had now commissioned them against Jonah, and ordered them to afflict and terrify, but not to destroy him. These words are plainly quoted by Jonah from Psalms 42:7 . What David spoke figuratively and metaphorically, Jonah applies to himself as literally fulfilled.” — M. Henry. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-4" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/jon-2-3

Source

이 절에서 요나는 자신의 고통을 나열하며 상황을 부각시킨다. 요나가 물고기 뱃속에서 기도한 것은 대단한 일이었다. 그러나 더 어려운 것은, 하나님이 자신에게 진노하고 계심을 알면서도 기도를 드리기 위해 마음을 높이는 것이었다. 극한의 어려움 속에서도 하나님을 부를 수는 있었다. 그러나 자신이 사명을 거부한 죄로 하나님이 이 모든 재앙을 내리셨다는 생각이 마음에 밀려올 때, 어떻게 그런 장벽을 뚫고 하늘까지 기도를 올릴 수 있었겠는가?

그래서 요나는 이렇게 말한다: "주께서 나를 깊은 곳, 바다 가운데에 던지셨고, 큰 물이 나를 둘렀으며, 주의 파도와 물결이 모두 내 위에 지나갔습니다." 요나는 자신을 바다에 던진 선원들을 생각하지 않았다. 그의 생각은 온통 하나님께 고정되어 있었다. 그래서 "주께서 나를 깊은 곳에 던지셨다"고 말한다. "주의 파도, 주의 물결"이라고 한다. 바다의 자연적 성질을 보는 것이 아니라 모든 생각을 하나님께로 집중한 것이다. 마치 이렇게 말하는 것 같다: "주여, 당신이 나를 뒤쫓아 몰아내시나이다. 그러나 나는 당신께로 나아갑니다. 당신은 당신이 나에게 진노하셨음을 무서운 증거들로 보여 주십니다. 그러나 나는 여전히 당신을 구합니다. 이 모든 두려움이 나를 당신에게서 멀어지게 하기는커녕, 오히려 당신의 채찍에 굴복하여 기꺼이 당신께로 나아갑니다. 왜냐하면 달리 어디서도 구원의 소망이 없기 때문입니다." 이 대조가 얼마나 중요한지를 보라. 요나는 자신이 당한 혹독한 형벌을 자신의 기도와 대비시킨다.

원주석

4절 카드 ↗

In the first clause of this verse Jonah confirms again what I have said, — that when he sought to pray, not only the door was closed against him, but there were mountains, as it were, intervening, so that he could not breathe a prayer to God: for he did not so much think of the state in which he was; nay, but he chiefly considered his own case, how he had provoked the wrath of God. Hence he says, I have said, I am cast away from the sight of thine eyes . Some give this frigid exposition, that he had been only expelled from his own country, that he might not behold the temple. But I have no doubt but that Jonah tells us here that he suffered extreme agonies, as though every hope of pardon had been cut off from him: “What! shall I yet hope that God will be propitious? It is not to be hoped.” This then is the casting away of which he speaks: for it is said that God casts us away, when he allows us no access to him. Hence Jonah thought that he was wholly alienated from God. Were any to object and say, that then his faith must have been extinct; the obvious answer is, — that in the struggle of faith there are internal conflicts; one thought is suggested, and then another of an opposite character meets it; there would indeed be no trial of our faith, except there were such internal conflicts; for when, with appeased minds, we can feel assured that God is propitious to us, what is the trial of faith? But when the flesh tells us that God is opposed to us, and that there is no more hope of pardon, faith at length sets up its shield, and repels this onset of temptation, and entertains hope of pardon: whenever God for a time appears implacable, then faith indeed is tried. Such then was the condition of Jonah; for, according to the judgment of the flesh, he thought that he was utterly cast away by God, so that he came to him in vain. Jonah, then, having not yet put off flesh and blood, could not immediately lay hold on the grace of God, but difficulties met him in his course. The latter clause is differently explained by interpreters. Some take it negatively, “I shall no more look towards the temple of thy holiness:” but the words admit not of this explanation. אך , ak, means in Hebrew, truly, nevertheless; and it means also, certainly; and sometimes it is taken dubitatively, perhaps. The greater part of expounders render the clause thus, “But I shall see the temple of thy holiness;” as though Jonah here reproved his own distrust, which he had just expressed, as the case is with the faithful, who immediately check themselves, when they are tempted to entertain any doubt: “What! dost thou then cast away hope, when yet God will be reconciled to thee if thou wilt come to him?” Hence interpreters think that it is a sort of correction, as though Jonah here changed his mind, and retracted what he had previously taken up, as a false principle derived from the judgment of the flesh. He had said then that he had been cast away from the presence of the Lord; but now, according to these expositors, he repels that temptation, But I shall see thy holy temple; though I seem now to be rejected by thee, thou wilt at last receive me into favor. We may, however, explain this clause, consistently with the former, in this way, At least, or, but, I would again see, etc., as an expression of a wish. The future then may be taken for the optative mood, as we know that the Hebrews are wont thus to use the future tense, either when they pray or express a wish. This meaning then best agrees with the passage, that Jonah as yet doubtingly prays, At least, or, but, I would again, O Lord, see the temple of thy holiness. But since the former explanation which I have mentioned is probable, I do not contend for this. However this may be, we find that Jonah did not wholly despair, though the judgment of the flesh would drive him to despair; for he immediately turned his address to God. For they who murmur against God, on the contrary, speak in the third person, turning themselves, as it were, away from him: but Jonah here sets God before his eyes, I have been cast away, he says , from the sight of thine eyes He does not remonstrate here with God, but shows that he was seeking God still, though he thought that he was cast far away. Then he adds, I would at least see again the temple of thy holiness . And by speaking of the temple, he no doubt set the temple before him as an encouragement to his faith. As then he had been cast away, he gathers everything that might avail to raise up and confirm his hope. He had indeed been circumcised, he had been a worshipper of God from his childhood, he had been educated in the Law, he had exercised himself in offering sacrifices: under the name of temple he now includes briefly all these things. We hence see that he thus encouraged himself to entertain good hope in his extreme necessity. And this is a useful admonition; for when every access to God seems closed up against us, nothing is more useful than to recall to mind, that he has adopted us from our very infancy, that he has also testified his favor by many tokens, especially that he has called us by his Gospel into a fellowship with his only-begotten Son, who is life and salvation; and then, that he has confirmed his favor both by Baptism and the Supper. When, therefore, these things come to our minds, we may be able by faith to break through all impediments. Let us go on — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-5" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/jon-2-4

Source

이 절 전반부에서도 요나는 기도하려 할 때 문이 닫혀 있었을 뿐 아니라 마치 산들이 가로막고 있어 하나님께 숨조차 쉴 수 없었음을 확인한다. 그는 자신의 처한 상태를 생각한 것이 아니었다. 오히려 하나님의 진노를 어떻게 불렀는지, 즉 자신이 저지른 죄를 생각했다. 그래서 "내가 말했다, 나는 주의 목전에서 쫓겨났다"고 한다. 일부는 이것을 단순히 성전이 있는 고국에서 추방되었다는 뜻으로 가볍게 해석한다. 그러나 나는 요나가 여기서 극도의 고통을 드러내고 있다고 본다. 마치 용서의 소망이 모두 끊겼다는 것처럼: "하나님이 과연 나에게 은혜를 베푸실까? 그럴 수 없다." 이것이 그가 말하는 "쫓겨남"이다. 하나님이 우리를 내치신다는 것은 우리에게 그분께 나아갈 어떤 길도 허락하지 않으심을 뜻한다. 요나는 하나님에게서 완전히 끊어졌다고 생각했다.

혹 이것이 믿음의 소멸을 의미하지 않느냐고 물을 수도 있다. 그러나 분명한 답은 이것이다 — 믿음의 싸움 속에는 내적 갈등이 있다. 한 생각이 제시되면 정반대의 생각이 찾아온다. 믿음이 그렇게 시험받지 않는다면, 사실 시험이 아니다. 마음이 평온한 상태에서 하나님이 은혜로우심을 느낄 수 있다면, 그것이 무슨 믿음의 시험인가? 그러나 육신이 하나님이 우리에게 대적하신다고, 용서의 소망은 없다고 말할 때, 믿음은 마침내 방패를 들고 이 시험의 공격을 막아내며 용서의 소망을 품는다. 이것이 요나의 상태였다. 육신의 판단으로는 하나님에게 완전히 버려졌다고 생각했다. 아직 육과 혈기를 벗지 못한 요나는 즉시 하나님의 은혜를 붙잡을 수 없었고, 길마다 어려움이 가로막았다.

후반부는 해석자들이 다양하게 설명한다. 일부는 부정으로 취해 "내가 다시는 주의 성전을 보지 못하리라"고 읽는다. 그러나 이 말은 그렇게 읽히지 않는다. 히브리어 '아크'(אך)는 "참으로", "그러나", "확실히", 때로는 "아마도"를 뜻한다. 많은 해석자들은 "그러나 내가 주의 거룩한 전을 보리라"고 읽는다. 요나가 육신의 판단에서 나온 불신을 즉시 꾸짖는 것처럼, 믿는 자들이 자신의 의심을 곧바로 제어하듯이: "어찌 소망을 버리는가? 하나님은 네가 나아오면 화해해 주실 것이다." 이 해석에 따르면 요나가 마음을 바꾸어 "내가 주의 거룩한 전을 보리라"고 한 것은 일종의 자기 수정이다.

그러나 이 전반부와 조화를 이루도록 후반부를 이렇게 읽을 수도 있다: "그러나 내가 주의 거룩한 전을 다시 보리이다"를 소원의 표현으로. 히브리어는 미래시제를 기원법으로 자주 사용하기 때문이다. 이 의미가 문맥에 더 잘 맞는다 — 요나는 아직 의심 속에서 기도한다: "주여, 제가 주의 거룩한 전을 다시 볼 수 있겠습니까?" 어느 해석이든 요나가 완전히 절망하지 않았음은 분명하다. 육신의 판단이 그를 절망으로 몰아갔지만, 그는 즉시 하나님께 말을 걸었다. 하나님을 향해 원망하는 자들은 하나님에게서 돌아서며 삼인칭으로 말한다. 그러나 요나는 하나님을 눈앞에 세우고 "주의 목전에서 쫓겨났다"고 말한다. 그는 하나님과 논쟁하는 것이 아니라, 여전히 하나님을 구하고 있음을 보여 준다.

"주의 거룩한 전을 다시 보겠나이다"는 말에서 요나는 성전을 신앙의 도움으로 삼았다. 자신이 쫓겨났다고 느낄 때, 소망을 세우고 확인하는 모든 것을 끌어모은다. 할례를 받았고, 어릴 때부터 하나님을 경배했고, 율법으로 교육받았고, 제사를 드렸다 — 이 모든 것을 성전이라는 이름 아래 담는다. 극한의 위기에서 선한 소망을 품으려 스스로를 격려하는 것이다. 이것은 유익한 권고다. 하나님께 나아가는 길이 완전히 막힌 것처럼 느껴질 때, 그분이 어릴 때부터 우리를 양자로 삼으셨다는 것, 많은 증거로 그분의 호의를 나타내셨다는 것, 특히 독생자와의 교제로 복음을 통해 우리를 불러 주셨다는 것 — 그리스도는 생명이요 구원이시다 — 그리고 세례와 성찬으로 그분의 호의를 확증해 주셨다는 것을 기억하는 것이 유익하다. 이런 것들이 마음에 떠오를 때, 우리는 믿음으로 모든 장애를 돌파할 수 있다.

원주석

5절 카드 ↗

Here in many words Jonah relates how many things had happened to him, which were calculated to overwhelm his mind with terror and to drive him far from God, and to take away every desire for prayer. But we must ever bear in mind what we have already stated, — that he had to do with God: and this ought to be well considered by us. The case was the same with David, when he says in Psalms 39:9 , ‘Thou hast yet done it;’ for, after having complained of his enemies, he turned his mind to God: “What then do I? what do I gain by these complaints? for men alone do not vex me; thou, God, he says, hast done this.” So it was with Jonah; he ever set before him the wrath of God, for he knew that such a calamity had not happened to him but on account of his sins. He therefore says that he was by waters beset, and then, that he was surrounded by the deep; but at length he adds, that God made his life to ascend, etc. All these circumstances tend to show that Jonah could not have raised up his mind to God except through an extraordinary miracle, as his life was in so many ways oppressed. When he says that he was beset with waters even to the soul, I understand it to have been to the peril of his life; for other explanations seem frigid and strained. And the Hebrews says that to be pressed to the soul, is to be in danger of one’s life; as the Latins, meaning the same thing, say that the heart, or the inside, or the bowels, are wounded. So also in this place the same thing is meant, ‘The waters beset me even to the soul,’ and then, ‘the abyss surrounds me.’ Some render סוף , suph , sedge; others sea-weed; others bulrush: but the sense amounts to the same thing. No doubt סוף , suph, is a species of sedge; and some think that the Red Sea was thus called, because it is full of sedges or bulrushes. They think also that bulrushes are thus called, because they soon putrefy. But what Jonah means is certain and that is, that weed enveloped his head, or that weed grew around his head: but to refer this to the head of the fish, as some do, is improper: Jonah speaks metaphorically when he says that he was entangled in the sedge, inasmuch as there is no hope when any one is rolled in the sedge at the bottom of the sea. How, indeed, can he escape from drowning who is thus held, as it were, tied up? It is then to be understood metaphorically; for Jonah meant that he was so sunk that he could not swim, except through the ineffable power of God. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/jon-2-5

Source

여기서 요나는 자신의 마음을 두려움으로 압도하고 기도에서 멀어지게 할 수 있었던 많은 것들을 길게 열거한다. 그러나 항상 기억해야 할 것은 — 그는 하나님과 씨름하고 있었다는 것이다. 다윗의 경우도 마찬가지다. 시편 39편 9절에서 "이것이 주의 손의 일이라"고 하면서, 원수들에 대해 불평한 후 마음을 하나님께로 돌린다: "내가 무엇을 하는가? 이 불평이 무슨 소용인가? 사람만이 나를 괴롭히는 것이 아니라, 하나님, 당신이 이것을 하셨다." 요나도 마찬가지다. 그는 항상 하나님의 진노를 눈앞에 두었다. 이런 재앙이 죄 때문에 온 것임을 알았기 때문이다.

"물이 나를 영혼까지 압박했다"는 것은 생명이 위태롭다는 뜻이다. 히브리인들은 "영혼까지 압박당한다"는 것을 생명의 위험으로 표현한다. 그다음 "깊음이 나를 둘렀다"고 한다. 히브리어 수프(סוף)는 일부는 갈대, 일부는 해초, 일부는 골풀로 번역한다. 내용은 같다. 수프는 갈대의 일종인데, 일부는 홍해가 갈대로 가득하기 때문에 이렇게 불린다고 생각한다. 요나가 말하는 것은 분명하다 — 해초가 그의 머리를 감쌌다는 것. 이것을 물고기의 머리라고 해석하는 것은 부적절하다. 요나는 은유적으로 말한다. 바다 밑바닥의 갈대에 걸린 자에게는 어떤 소망도 없다. 어떻게 수영할 수 있겠는가? 그것은 묶인 것과 같다. 요나는 하나님의 측량할 수 없는 능력 외에는 달리 방법이 없음을 은유적으로 표현한 것이다.

원주석

6절 카드 ↗

According to the same sense he says, I descended to the roots of the mountains. But he speaks of promontories, which were nigh the sea; as though he had said, that he was not cast into the midst of the sea, but that he had so sunk as to be fixed in the deep under the roots of mountains. All these things have the same designs which was to show that no deliverance could be hoped for, except God stretched forth his hand from heaven, and indeed in a manner new and incredible. He says that the earth with its bars was around him. He means by this kind of speaking, that he was so shut up, as if the whole earth had been like a door. We know what sort of bars are those of the earth, when we ascribe bars to it: for when any door is fastened with bolts, we know how small a portion it is. But when we suppose the earth itself to be like a door, what kind of things must the bolts be? It is the same thing then as though Jonah had said, that he was so hindered from the vital light, as if the earth had been set against him to prevent his coming forth to behold the sun: the earth, then, was set against me, and that for ever He afterwards comes to thanksgiving, And thou Jehovah, my God, hast made my life to ascend from the grave. Jonah, after having given a long description, for the purpose of showing that he was not once put to death, but that he had been overwhelmed with many and various deaths, now adds his gratitude to the Lord for having delivered him, Thou, he says, hast made my life to ascend from the grave, O Jehovah. He again confirms what I have once said, — that he did not pour forth empty prayers, but that he prayed with an earnest feeling, and in faith: for he would not have called him his God, except he was persuaded of his paternal love, so as to be able to expect from him a certain salvation. Thou, then, Jehovah, my God, he says; he does not say, Thou hast delivered me, but, Thou hast brought forth my life from the grave. Then Jonah, brought to life again, testifies here that he was not only delivered by God’s aid from the greatest danger, but that he had, by a certain kind of resurrection, been raised from the dead. This is the meaning of this mode of speaking, when he says that his life had been brought forth from the grave, or from corruption itself. It follows — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/jon-2-6

Source

같은 의미로 그는 "내가 산들의 뿌리까지 내려갔다"고 한다. 그는 바다에 가까운 갑(岬)을 말하는 것이다. 마치 그가 바다 한가운데 던져진 것이 아니라 산들의 뿌리 아래 깊은 곳에 박혀 있었다는 것처럼. 이 모든 것은 동일한 목적이 있다 — 하나님이 하늘에서 손을 뻗어 새롭고 믿기 어려운 방식으로 역사하지 않으셨다면 어떤 구원도 바랄 수 없었음을 보여 주는 것.

"땅이 그 빗장으로 나를 영원히 가두었다"고 한다. 이 말로 그는 온 땅이 문처럼 자신을 가두었음을 표현한다. 일반 문의 빗장은 문의 작은 일부에 불과하다. 그러나 땅 자체가 문이라면 그 빗장은 얼마나 큰 것인가? 마치 요나는 이렇게 말하는 것 같다: "내가 태양을 볼 수 없도록 땅 자체가 방패가 되어 나를 막았다, 그것도 영원히."

그리고 나서 그는 감사로 넘어간다: "그러나 여호와 나의 하나님이여, 주께서 내 생명을 구덩이에서 끌어올리셨나이다." 요나는 자신이 한 번만 죽은 것이 아니라 여러 가지 방식으로 죽음에 압도되었음을 길게 묘사한 후, 이제 하나님께 감사를 드린다. 하나님이 그를 구덩이에서 끌어올리셨다는 것. "여호와 나의 하나님"이라고 부르는 것을 보라. "나의 하나님"이라고 하지 않았다면, 아버지 같은 사랑을 확신하고 그분께 구원을 기대하는 마음이 없었을 것이다. 그는 "나를 건지셨다"고 하지 않고 "내 생명을 구덩이에서 끌어올리셨다"고 한다. 요나는 하나님의 도움으로 큰 위험에서 구출되었을 뿐 아니라, 일종의 부활로 죽음에서 다시 살아났음을 증언한다. 그의 생명이 구덩이와 썩음 자체에서 끌어올려졌다는 이 표현 방식이 그 의미다.

원주석

7절 카드 ↗

Here Jonah comprehends in one verse what he had previously said, — that he had been distressed with the heaviest troubles, but that he had not yet been so cast down in his mind, as that he had no prospect of God’s favor to encourage him to pray. He indeed first confesses that he had suffered some kind of fainting, and that he had been harassed by anxious and perplexing thoughts, so as not to be able by his own efforts to disengage himself. As to the word עטף , otheph , it means in Hebrew to hide, to cover; but in Niphal and Hithpael (in which conjugation it is found here) it signifies to fail: but its former meaning might still be suitably retained here; then it would be, ‘My soul hid or rolled up itself,’ as it is in Psalms 102:1 , ‘The prayer of the afflicted, when he rolled up himself in his distress.’ They who render it, he multiplied prayers, have no reason to support them. I therefore doubt not but that Jonah here means, either that he had been overcome by a swoon, or that he had been so perplexed as not to be able without a violent struggle to raise up his mind to God. However it may have been, he intended by this word to express the anxiety of his mind. While then we are tossed about by divers thoughts, and remain, as it were, bound up in a hopeless condition, then our soul may be said to roll or to fold up itself within us. When therefore the soul rolls up itself, all the thoughts of man in perplexity recoil on himself. We may indeed seek to disburden ourselves while we toss about various purposes, but whatever we strive to turn away from us, soon comes back on our own head; thus our soul recoils upon us. We now perceive what Jonah meant by this clause, When my soul infolded itself, or failed within me, I remembered, he says, Jehovah. We hence learn that Jonah became not a conqueror without the greatest difficulties, not until his soul, as we have said, had fainted: this is one thing. Then we learn, also, that he was not so oppressed with distresses but that he at length sought God by prayer. Jonah therefore retained this truth, that God was to be sought, however severely and sharply he treated him for a time; for the remembering, of which he speaks, proceeded from faith. The ungodly also remember Jehovah, but they dread him, for they look on him as a judge; and whenever a mention is made of God, they expect nothing but destruction: but Jonah applied the remembrance of God to another purpose, even as a solace to ease his cares and his anxieties. For it immediately follows, that his prayer had penetrated unto God, or entered before him. (39) We then see that Jonah so remembered his God, that by faith he knew that he would be propitious to him; and hence was his disposition to pray. But by saying that his prayer entered into his temple, he no doubt alludes to a custom under the law; for the Jews were wont to turn themselves towards the temple whenever they prayed: nor was this a superstitious ceremony; for we know that they were instructed in the doctrine which invited them to the sanctuary and the ark of the covenant. Since then this was the custom under the law, Jonah says that his prayer entered into the temple of God; for that was a visible symbol, through which the Jews might understand that God was near to them; not that they by a false imagination bound God to external signs, but because they knew that these helps Had not in vain been given to them. So then Jonah not only remembered his God, but called also to mind the signs and symbols in which he had exercised his faith, as we have just said through the whole course of his life; for they who view him as referring to heaven, depart wholly from what the Prophet meant. We indeed know that the temple sometimes means heaven; but this sense suits not this place. Then Jonah meant that though he was far away from the temple, God was yet near to him; for he had not ceased to pray to that God who had revealed himself by the law which he gave, and who had expressed his will to be worshipped at Jerusalem, and also had been pleased to appoint the ark as the symbol of his presence, that the Jews might, with an assured faith, call upon him, and that they might not doubt but that he dwelt in the midst of them, inasmuch as he had there his visible habitation. (39) “Here prayer is personified, and is represented as a messenger going from the distressed and entering into the temple of God, and standing before him. This is a very fine and delicate image.” — Adam Clarke. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-8" class="com-number"

Pericope (part_of)

절 (explains)

bible-text/jon-2-7

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요나는 이 절에서 앞에서 했던 말을 한마디로 요약한다 — 가장 무거운 고통으로 극심하게 시달렸지만, 그래도 하나님의 은혜를 바라는 아무런 전망도 없을 만큼 마음이 꺾이지는 않았다는 것. 그는 먼저 일종의 실신을 경험했고, 스스로 빠져나올 수 없을 만큼 불안하고 혼란스러운 생각들로 시달렸음을 고백한다.

"내 영혼이 기진하다"는 표현에서 히브리어 '아테프'(עטף)는 숨다, 덮다는 뜻이지만, 니팔과 히트파엘에서는 "쓰러지다"를 의미한다. 요나의 영혼이 그 안에서 웅크렸다, 또는 말려들었다는 것처럼 읽을 수도 있다(시편 102편 1절 참조). 어떻게 해석하든, 요나는 여기서 마음의 불안을 표현한다. 다양한 생각들에 뒤흔들리며 속수무책인 상태에서, 영혼은 스스로 웅크리고 말린다고 할 수 있다. 모든 생각이 스스로에게로 되돌아온다. 어떻게든 짐을 벗으려 이런저런 방도를 강구하지만, 무엇을 돌이키려 해도 결국 자기 머리로 돌아온다. 그래서 영혼이 말린다는 것이다.

"내 영혼이 기진할 때에 내가 여호와를 기억하였사오며." 요나는 가장 큰 어려움 없이는 정복자가 되지 못했음을 배운다. 그러나 고통에 눌렸으면서도 결국 기도로 하나님을 구했다. 요나는 이 진리를 견지했다 — 하나님이 잠시 혹독하게 다루시더라도 그분을 구해야 한다는 것. 이 기억은 믿음에서 나온 것이기 때문이다. 불신자들도 하나님을 기억하지만 두려워한다. 그들은 하나님을 심판자로 보기 때문에 하나님의 이름이 언급될 때마다 멸망만을 기대한다. 그러나 요나는 하나님을 기억하는 것을 다른 목적으로 사용했다 — 근심과 불안을 덜어 주는 위로로. 그래서 "내 기도가 주께 들어갔으며, 주의 거룩한 전에 이르렀나이다"고 한다.

요나가 "기도가 성전에 들어갔다"고 말하는 것은 율법 아래의 관습을 가리킨다. 유대인들은 기도할 때마다 성전을 향해 돌아서는 것이 관례였다. 이것은 미신적 의례가 아니었다. 그들은 성소와 언약궤로 나아오도록 가르침을 받았다. 요나는 기도가 하나님의 성전에 들어갔다고 함으로써, 비록 성전에서 멀리 있었지만 하나님이 여전히 자신에게 가까이 계심을 말한다. 율법 아래 그 상징들은 하나님이 자신들 가운데 계신다는 확신을 주기 위해 주어졌기 때문이다. 요나는 성전을 하늘의 의미로 해석하지 않았다. 성전이 때로 하늘을 의미하기도 하지만, 그 의미는 이 문맥에 맞지 않는다. 요나는 성전에서 멀리 있었지만, 율법으로 자신을 계시하신 하나님, 예루살렘에서 예배받기를 원하신 하나님, 언약궤를 임재의 상징으로 삼으신 하나님께 기도를 드린 것이었다.

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Here Jonah says first, that men miserably go astray, when they turn aside to vain superstitions, for they rob themselves of the chief good: for he calls whatever help or aid that is necessary for salvation, the mercy of men. The sense then is that as soon as men depart from God, they depart from life and salvation, and that nothing is retained by them, for they willfully cast aside whatever good that can be hoped and desired. Some elicit a contrary meaning, that the superstitious, when they return to a sound mind, relinquish their own reproach; for חסד , chesad, sometimes means reproach. They then think that the way of true penitence is here described, — that when God restores men from their straying to the right way, he gives them at the same time a sound mind, so that they rid themselves from all their vices. This is indeed true, but it is too strained a meaning. Others confine this to the sailors who vowed sacrifices to God; as though Jonah had said, that they would soon relapse to their own follies, and bid adieu to God, who in his mercy had delivered them from shipwreck; so they explain their mercy to be God; but this is also too forced an explanation. I doubt not, therefore, but that Jonah here sets his own religion in opposition to his false intentions of men; for it immediately follows, But I with the voice of praise will sacrifice to thee. Jonah, then, having before confessed that he would be thankful to God, now pours contempt on all those inventions which men foolishly contrive for themselves, and through which they withdraw themselves from the only true God, and from the sincere worship of him. For he calls all those devices, by which men deceive themselves , the vanities of falsehood; (40) for it is certain that they are mere fallacies which men invent for themselves without the authority of God’s Word; for truth is one and simple, which God has revealed to us in his world. Whosoever then turns aside the least, either on this or on that side, seeks, as it were designedly, some imposture or another, by which he ruins himself. They then who follow such vanities, says Jonah, forsake their own mercy, (41) that is they reject all happiness: for no aid and no help can be expected from any other quarter than from the only true God. But this passage deserves a careful notice; for we hence learn what value to attach to all superstitions, to all those opinions of men, when they attempt to set up religion according to their own will: for Jonah calls them lying or fallacious vanities. There is then but one true religion, the religion which God has taught us in his word. We must also notice, that men in vain weary themselves when they follow their own inventions; for the more strenuously they run, the farther they recede from the right way, as Augustine has well observed. But Jonah here adopts a higher principle, — that God alone possesses in himself all fullness of blessings: whosoever then truly and sincerely seeks God, will find in him whatever can be wished for salvation. But God is not to be sought but by obedience and faith: whosoever then dare to give themselves loose reins, so as to follow this or that without the warrant of God’s word, recede from God, and, at the same time, deprive themselves of all good things. The superstitious do indeed think that they gain much when they toil in their own inventions; but we see what the Holy Spirit declares by the mouth of Jonah. The Lord says the same by Jeremiah “They have forsaken me, the fountain of living water, and cisterns have they digged for themselves,” ( Jeremiah 2:13 .) There the Lord complains of his chosen people, who had gone astray after wicked superstitions. Hence, when men wander beyond the word of God, they in a manner renounce God, or say adieu to him; and thus they deprive themselves of all good things; for without God there is no salvation and no help to be found. (40) הבלי - שוא , “Idols of vanity or falsehood,” i.e., false, or deceitful, or vain idols. הבל means vapor, smoke, breath, vanity, inanity: but in the plural number it is applied for the most part to idols. See Deuteronomy 32:21 ; 1 Kings 16:13 שוא is a lie, which is vain — useless, and false — deceptive. Marckius renders the words, “ Vanitates inanitatis — vanities of inanity’” Junius and Tremelius, “ Vanitates mendaces — mendacious vanities;” Septuagint, “ ματαια και Ψευδη — vain and false things.” “He thus calls idols,” says an author in Poole’s Syn., “and all those things in which any one, excluding God, trusts; which are nothing, and can do nothing, and which deceive their worshippers.” This is true, that is, that all other things, as well as idols, are, apart from God, vain, and worthless, and deceptive; but the reference here no doubt is to idols. They are not only empty, but deceptive. — Ed. (41) חסדם יעזבו , “Their mercy or goodness they forsake,” that is, the mercy exhibited and offered to them by God; or, if we render it goodness, it means their chief good, which is God. The Psalmist calls God his goodness in Psalms 144:2 , חסדי , “my goodness,” the giver of all his goodness, or his chief good. Dathius gives very correctly the meaning of the two lines in these words — “ Qui vana idola colunt, Felicitatis suae auctorem deserunt — They who worship vain idols, Desert the author of their own happiness.” More literally — “They who attend on the idols of vanity, Their own goodness forsake.” There is a contrast between vain idols and their own goodness, that is, the goodness received by them from God. Grotius gives this paraphrase, “They who worship idols are vain; for they forsake their own mercy, that is, God, who is able to help them in their distress.” Henry suggests another view, “They who follow their own inventions, as Jonah had done, when he fled from the presence of the lord to go to Tarshish, forsake their own mercy, that mercy which they may find in God.” — Ed. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-9" class="com-number"

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요나는 먼저, 사람들이 헛된 미신으로 돌아설 때 비참하게 방황한다고 말한다. 그들은 스스로 필요한 모든 선을 빼앗는다. 그는 구원에 필요한 모든 도움과 은혜를 "사람의 자비"라고 부른다. 하나님을 떠나면 생명과 구원을 떠나는 것이요, 아무것도 남지 않는 것이다. 원하고 바라는 모든 선을 스스로 내버리는 것이다.

일부는 반대 의미로 읽어서, '케세드'(חסד)가 때로 수치나 책망을 의미한다고 본다. 그러면 미신에서 돌아선 자들이 자신의 수치를 버린다는 뜻이 된다. 다른 이들은 이것이 여기에 나오는 선원들에 대한 언급으로서, 그들이 하나님을 버리고 다시 자기 미신으로 돌아갈 것이라 한다. 그러나 이것들은 너무 억지스럽다. 나는 요나가 여기서 자신의 신앙을 인간의 거짓된 발명과 대비시킨다고 본다. 다음에 바로 "그러나 나는 감사의 소리로 주께 제사를 드리겠나이다"가 따라오기 때문이다.

요나는 거짓 신들, 그리고 하나님을 제외하고 신뢰하는 모든 것을 "거짓의 헛된 것들"이라고 부른다. 이것들은 단순히 공허한 것이 아니라 기만적인 것들이다. 하나님의 말씀의 권위 없이 사람이 스스로 만들어 내는 모든 것은 반드시 그것을 따르는 자를 파멸시키는 속임수다. 그런 헛된 것들을 따르는 자들은 "자신의 자비를 버린다", 곧 자신들의 최고선을 내버린다. 오직 한 분 참 하나님 외에 어디서도 도움과 은혜를 기대할 수 없다.

이 구절은 세심히 살펴야 한다. 우리는 미신들을, 사람들이 자기 뜻대로 종교를 세우려 할 때 내세우는 그 모든 견해들을 어떻게 평가해야 할지 배운다. 요나는 그것들을 "거짓된 헛된 것"이라고 부른다. 참 종교는 오직 하나, 하나님이 그 말씀으로 우리에게 가르쳐 주신 종교뿐이다. 자기 발명을 따라 아무리 힘쓰며 달려도 올바른 길에서 더 멀어질 뿐이다. 요나는 더 높은 원리를 적용한다 — 하나님 안에 홀로 모든 복의 충만함이 있다. 진심으로 하나님을 구하는 자는 구원을 위해 원하는 모든 것을 그분 안에서 찾는다. 그러나 하나님은 순종과 믿음으로만 구해야 한다. 하나님의 말씀의 보증 없이 이것저것을 따른다면, 하나님에게서 멀어지는 것이요, 동시에 모든 선을 빼앗기는 것이다.

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Jonah therefore rightly adds, But I, with the voice of praise, will sacrifice to thee; as though he said While men as it were banish themselves from God, by giving themselves up to errors, I will sacrifice to thee and to thee alone, O Lord. And this ought to be observed by us; for as our minds are prone to falsehood and vanity, any new superstition will easily lay hold so us, except we be restrained by this bond, except we be fully persuaded, — that true salvation dwells in God alone, and every aid and help that can be expected by us: but when this conviction is really and thoroughly fixed in our hearts, then true religion cannot be easily lost by us: though Satan should on every side spread his allurements, we shall yet continue in the true and right worship of God. And the more carefully it behaves us to consider this passage, because Jonah no doubt meant here to strengthen himself in the right path of religion; for he knew that like all mortals he was prone to what was false; he therefore encouraged himself to persevere: and this he does, when he declares that whatever superstition men devise, is a deprivation of the chief good, even of life and salvation. It will hence follow, that we shall abominate every error when we are fully persuaded that we forsake the true God whenever we obey not his word, and that we at the same time cast away salvation, and every thing good that can be desired. Then Jonah says, I will sacrifice to thee with the voice of praise. It must be noticed here farther, that the worship of God especially consists in praises, as it is said in Psalms 1:1 : for there God shows that he regards as nothing all sacrifices, except they answer this end — to set forth the praise of his name. It was indeed his will that sacrifices should be offered to him under the law; but it was for the end just stated: for God cares not for calves and oxen, for goats and lambs; but his will was that he should be acknowledged as the Giver of all blessings. Hence he says there, ‘Sacrifice to me the sacrifice of praise.’ So also Jonah now says, I will offer to thee the sacrifice of praise, and he might have said with still more simplicity, “Lord, I ascribe to thee my preserved life.” But if this was the case under the shadows of the law, how much more ought we to attend to this, that is, — to strive to worship God, not in a gross manner, but spiritually, and to testify that our life proceeds from him, that it is in his hand, that we owe all things to him, and, in a word, that he is the Source and Author of salvation, and not only of salvation, but also of wisdom, of righteousness, of power? And he afterwards mentions his vows, I will pay, he says, my vows. We have stated elsewhere in what light we are to consider vows. The holy Fathers did not vow to God, as the Papists of this day are wont to do, who seek to pacify God by their frivolous practices; one abstains for a certain time from meat, another puts on sackcloth, another undertakes a pilgrimage, and another obtrudes on God some new ceremony. There was nothing of this kind in the vows of the holy Fathers; but a vow was the mere act of thanksgiving, or a testimony of gratitude: and so Jonah joins his vows here with the sacrifice of praise. We hence learn that they were not two different things; but he repeats the same thing twice. Jonah, then, had declared his vow to God for no other purpose but to testify his gratitude. And hence he adds, To Jehovah is, or belongs, salvation; that is, to save is the prerogative of God alone; Jehovah is here in the dative case, for prefixed to it is ל , lamed . It is then to Jehovah that salvation belongs; the work of saving appertains to no other but to the Supreme God. Since it is so, we see how absurd and insane men are, when they transfer praises to another, as every one does who invents an idol for himself. As, then, there is but the one true God who saves, it behaves us to ascribe to him alone all our praises, that we may not deprive him of his right. This is the import of the whole. It follows — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-10" class="com-number"

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요나는 이어서 덧붙인다: "그러나 나는 감사의 소리로 주께 제사를 드리겠나이다." 마치 이렇게 말하는 것 같다: "사람들이 스스로 하나님에게서 추방되는 동안, 나는 주께, 오직 주께만 제사를 드리겠습니다." 이것을 주목해야 한다. 우리 마음은 거짓과 허상으로 기울기 쉽다. 어떤 새 미신도 이 한 가지 확신으로 단단히 묶여 있지 않으면 쉽게 우리를 사로잡는다 — 참된 구원이 오직 하나님 안에만 있다는 것, 우리가 기대할 수 있는 모든 도움과 은혜가 오직 그분에게만 있다는 것. 이 확신이 마음에 진실하게 굳어져 있을 때, 진정한 종교를 쉽게 잃지 않는다. 사탄이 사방에서 유혹을 늘어놓아도 참되고 바른 하나님 경배 안에 머물 수 있다.

더 나아가 요나는 이렇게 말함으로써 스스로를 올바른 종교의 길에서 강하게 하려 했다. 자신도 모든 인간처럼 거짓으로 기우는 경향이 있음을 알았기 때문이다. 그래서 이렇게 자신을 격려한다: 사람들이 고안하는 모든 미신은 최고선, 곧 생명과 구원을 빼앗는 것이라고 선포하면서.

"감사의 소리로 제사를 드리겠나이다." 하나님 경배는 특히 찬양으로 이루어짐을 주목하라. 시편 50편에서 하나님은 모든 제사를 아무것도 아닌 것으로 여기신다, 그것이 주의 이름을 드높이는 것이 아니라면. "찬양의 제사를 나에게 드리라." 하나님은 소와 황소, 염소와 양에 관심이 없으시다. 그분의 뜻은 자신이 모든 복의 수여자로 인정받는 것이었다. 요나도 마찬가지로 말한다: "내가 찬양의 제사를 드리겠나이다." 더 간단하게는 "주여, 나는 보존된 생명을 당신께 돌리나이다"고 할 수도 있었다. 그러나 율법의 그림자 아래서도 이것이 사실이었다면, 우리는 얼마나 더 이것에 힘써야 하는가 — 육신적인 방식이 아니라 영적으로 하나님을 예배하고, 우리의 생명이 그분에게서 나오고, 그분의 손에 있으며, 우리가 모든 것을 그분께 빚지고 있음을 증언하는 것.

그리고 그는 서원을 언급한다: "내 서원을 갚겠나이다." 성경의 족장들은 오늘날 교황주의자들처럼 서원하지 않았다. 교황주의자들은 금식이나 순례나 새 의식으로 하나님을 달래려 한다. 족장들의 서원은 그런 것이 아니었다. 서원은 단순히 감사의 행위였고, 하나님의 은혜에 대한 증거였다. 그래서 요나는 서원을 찬양의 제사와 함께 언급한다. 둘은 서로 다른 것이 아니다. 요나는 자신의 서원을 오직 감사를 증언하기 위해 하나님께 바쳤다.

"구원은 여호와께 속하였나이다." 구원은 오직 하나님의 특권이다. 구원하는 일은 지극히 높은 하나님 외에 누구에게도 속하지 않는다. 그러므로 모든 찬양을 그분께만 돌려야 한다. 이것을 다른 이에게 돌리는 것은 그분의 권리를 빼앗는 것이다. 하나만이 참으로 구원하시는 하나님이므로, 그분께만 모든 찬양을 돌려야 한다.

원주석

10절 카드 ↗

The deliverance of Jonah is here in few words described; but how attentively ought we to consider the event? It was an incredible miracle, that Jonah should have continued alive and safe in the bowels of the fish for three days. For how was it that he was not a thousand times smothered or drowned by waters? We know that fish continually draw in water: Jonah could not certainly respire while in the fish; and the life of man without breathing can hardly continue for a minute. Jonah, then, must have been preserved beyond the power of nature. Then how could it have been that the fish should cast forth Jonah on the shore, except God by his unsearchable power had drawn the fish there? Again, who could have supernaturally opened its bowels and its mouth? His coming forth, then, was in every way miraculous, yea, it was attended with many miracles. But Jonah, that he might the more extol the infinite power of God, adopted the word said. Hence we learn that nothing is hard to God, for he could by a nod only effect so great a thing as surpasses all our conceptions. If Jonah had said that he was delivered by God’s kindness and favor, it would have been much less emphatical, than when he adopts a word which expresses a command, And Jehovah spake, or said , to the fish. But as this deliverance of Jonah is an image of the resurrection, this is an extraordinary passage, and worthy of being especially noticed; for the Holy Spirit carries our minds to that power by which the world was formed and is still wonderfully preserved. That we may then, without hesitation and doubt, be convinced of the restoration which God promises to us, let us remember that the world was by him created out of nothing by his word and bidding, and is still thus sustained. But if this general truth is not sufficient, let this history of Jonah come to our minds, — that God commanded a fish to cast forth Jonah: for how was it that Jonah escaped safe and was delivered? Even because it so pleased God, because the Lord commanded; and this word at this day retains the same efficacy. By that power then, by which he works all things, we also shall one day be raised up from the dead. Now follows — return to ' Top of Page ' Jonah Jon 1 Jonah Jon Jonah Jon 3 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Jonah 2". 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요나의 구출이 여기서 간략하게 묘사된다. 그러나 이 사건을 얼마나 주목해야 하는가? 요나가 삼 일 동안 물고기 뱃속에서 살아 있었다는 것은 믿기 어려운 기적이었다. 어떻게 물에 천 번이나 질식하거나 익사하지 않을 수 있었는가? 물고기는 끊임없이 물을 들이킨다. 요나는 물고기 안에서 숨을 쉴 수 없었을 것이다. 사람의 생명은 숨 없이는 1분도 버티기 어렵다. 그렇다면 요나는 자연의 힘을 넘어 보존된 것이다. 또한 물고기가 어떻게 요나를 해변에 뱉을 수 있었겠는가? 하나님이 그 측량할 수 없는 능력으로 물고기를 그리로 이끌지 않으셨다면. 누가 초자연적으로 물고기의 뱃속과 입을 열 수 있었겠는가? 그의 탈출은 모든 면에서 기적이었다. 참으로 많은 기적들로 이루어진 사건이었다.

요나는 하나님의 무한한 능력을 더욱 드높이기 위해 "말씀하셨다"는 단어를 사용한다. 하나님은 고개를 끄덕이는 것만으로도 이 모든 놀라운 일을 이루실 수 있으시다. 요나가 "하나님의 친절과 은혜로 구출되었다"고 했다면 훨씬 덜 강조적이었을 것이다. 그러나 "여호와께서 물고기에게 말씀하셨다"는 표현은 명령을 나타낸다.

요나의 이 구출은 부활의 상(像)이다. 이 구절은 특별하고 각별히 주목해야 할 가치가 있다. 성령께서 우리의 마음을 세상이 창조되고 지금도 놀랍게 보존되는 그 능력으로 이끄시기 때문이다. 하나님이 우리에게 약속하신 회복을 의심 없이 확신하려면, 그분이 말씀으로 세상을 무에서 창조하시고 지금도 그렇게 보존하신다는 것을 기억하라. 그리고 그것만으로 부족하다면, 이 요나의 역사를 기억하라 — 하나님이 물고기에게 요나를 내뱉으라 명하셨다. 어떻게 요나가 안전하게 구출될 수 있었는가? 하나님이 그렇게 기뻐하셨고 주께서 명하셨기 때문이다. 그 말씀은 오늘도 같은 효력을 지닌다. 그분이 만물을 역사하시는 그 능력으로, 우리도 언젠가 죽은 자들 가운데서 살아날 것이다.

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