1절 카드 ↗
Very probably this statue was not erected by King Nebuchadnezzar within a short period, as the Prophet does not notice how many years had passed away; for it is not probable that it was erected within a short time after he had confessed the God of Israel to be the Supreme Deity. Yet as the Prophet is silent, we need not discuss the matter. Some of the rabbis think this statue to have been erected as an expiation; as if Nebuchadnezzar wished to avert the effect of his dream by this charm, as they say. But their guess is most frivolous. We may inquire, however, whether Nebuchadnezzar deified himself or really erected this statue to Bel the principal deity of the Chaldeans, or invented some new-fangled divinity? Many incline to the opinion that he wished to include himself in the number of the deities, but this is not certain — at least I do not think so. Nebuchadnezzar seems to me rather to have consecrated this statue to some of the deities; but, as superstition is always joined with ambition and pride, very likely Nebuchadnezzar was also induced by vain glory and luxury to erect this statue. As often as the superstitious incur expense in building temples and in fabricating idols, if any one asks them their object, they immediately reply — they do it in honor of God! At the same time they are all promoting their own fame and reputation. All the superstitious reckon God’s worship valueless, and rather wish to acquire for themselves favor and estimation among men. I readily admit this to have been Nebuchadnezzar’s intention, and indeed I am nearly certain of it. But at the same time some pretense to piety was joined with it; for he pretended that he wished to worship God. Hence, also, what I formerly mentioned appears more clear, namely, — King Nebuchadnezzar was not truly and heartily converted, but rather remained fixed in his own errors, when he was attributing glory to the God of Israel. As I have already said, that confession of his was limited, and he now betrays what he nourished in his heart; for when he erected the statue he did not return to his own natural disposition, but; rather his impiety, which was hidden for a time, was then detected. For that remarkable confession could not be received as a proof of change of mind. All therefore would have said he was a new man, if God had not wished it to be made plain that he was held bound and tied by the chains of Satan, and was still a slave to his own errors. God wished then to present this example to manifest Nebuchadnezzar to be always impious, although through compulsion he gave some glory to the God of Israel. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-2" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-dan-3-001
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:1 주석
이 신상은 선지자가 얼마나 많은 세월이 지났는지 언급하지 않으므로, 느부갓네살 왕이 짧은 기간 내에 세운 것이 아닐 가능성이 크다. 이스라엘의 하나님이 최고 신이심을 고백하고 나서 바로 이 일이 일어났다고는 볼 수 없기 때문이다. 그러나 선지자가 침묵하므로 이 점을 길게 다룰 필요는 없다. 랍비들 중 일부는 이 신상이 왕의 꿈의 효력을 부적으로 막으려는 속죄 행위로 세워진 것이라 생각하지만, 이것은 가장 경박한 추측이다. 느부갓네살이 자신을 신들 가운데 포함시키려 했는지, 아니면 갈대아인들의 주신 벨에게 이 신상을 봉헌했는지, 혹은 새로운 신을 발명했는지를 물을 수 있다. 많은 이들이 그가 자신을 신들의 수에 넣으려 했다고 기울지만 이것은 확실하지 않다. 내 생각에 느부갓네살은 신들 중 어느 하나에게 이 신상을 봉헌한 것 같다. 그러나 미신은 언제나 야망과 교만에 붙어 있으므로, 그가 허영심과 사치로 말미암아 이 신상을 세우도록 이끌렸을 가능성이 크다. 미신에 빠진 이들이 신전을 짓고 우상을 만드는 데 비용을 쏟을 때, 그 목적을 물으면 즉시 하나님께 영광을 드리기 위해서라고 답한다. 그러나 동시에 그들은 모두 자신의 명성과 명예를 높이고 있다. 미신에 빠진 이들은 모두 하나님의 예배를 대수롭지 않게 여기고, 차라리 사람들 사이에서 총애와 인정을 받으려 한다. 이것이 느부갓네살의 의도였을 것이라 나는 쉽게 인정한다. 이전에 언급한 것이 여기서 더욱 분명하게 드러난다—느부갓네살 왕은 진심으로 회심한 것이 아니라, 이스라엘의 하나님께 영광을 돌릴 때도 자신의 오류에 여전히 머물러 있었다는 것이다. 이미 말한 대로 그의 고백은 제한적인 것이었으며, 이제 그는 자신이 마음속에 품고 있던 것을 드러낸다. 그가 신상을 세울 때 자신의 본래 기질로 돌아간 것이 아니라, 한동안 숨겨져 있던 그의 불경이 그때 드러난 것이다.
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원주석
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commentary-section/cal-dan-3-1-1(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
2절 카드 ↗
I do not know the derivation of the word “ Satra p;” but manifestly all these are names of magistracies, and I allow myself to translate the words freely, since they are not Hebrew, and the Jews are equally ignorant of their origin. Some of them, indeed, appear too subtle; but they assert nothing but what is frivolous and foolish. We must be content with the simple expression — he sent to collect the satraps return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-3" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-dan-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:2 주석
'사트랍'이라는 단어의 어원은 알 수 없다. 그러나 이것들은 명백히 모두 관직의 명칭들이다. 히브리어가 아니고 유대인들도 그 어원을 모르므로 자유롭게 번역하는 것으로 만족한다. 요점은 단순하다—그가 사트랍들을 소집하라고 보냈다는 것이다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-2-2(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
3절 카드 ↗
We see how Nebuchadnezzar wished to establish among all the nations under his sway a religion in which there, should be no mixture of foreign novelty. He feared dissension as a cause of disunion in his empire. Hence we may suppose the king to have consulted his own private ease and advantage, as princes are accustomed to consult their own wishes rather than God’s requirements in promulgating edicts concerning the worship of God. And from the beginning, this boldness and rashness have increased in the world, since those who have had supreme power have always dared to fabricate deities, and have proceeded beyond this even to ordering the gods which they have invented to be worshipped. The different kinds of gods are well known as divided into three — the Philosophical, the Political, and the Poetical. They called those gods “Philosophical” which natural reason prompts men to worship. Truly, indeed, philosophers are often foolish when they dispute about the essence or worship of God; but since they follow their own fancies they are necessarily erroneous. For God cannot be apprehended by human senses, but must be made manifest to us by his own word; and as he descends to us, so we also in turn are raised to heaven. ( 1 Corinthians 2:14 .) But yet philosophers in their disputes have some pretexts, so as not to seem utterly insane and irrational. But the poets have fabled whatever pleases them, and thus have filled the world with the grossest and at the same time the foulest errors. As all theaters resounded with their vain imaginations, the minds of the vulgar have been imbued with the same delusions; for we know human dispositions are ever prone to vanity. But when the devil adds fire to the fuel, we then see how furiously both learned and unlearned are carried away. So it; happened when they persuaded themselves of the truth of what they saw represented in their theaters. Thus, that; religion which was founded on the authority of the Magi was considered certain by the heathen, as they called those gods “Political” which were received by the common consent of all. Those also who were considered prudent said it was by no means useful to object to what the philosophers taught concerning the nature of the gods, since this would tear asunder all public rites, and whatever was fixed without; doubt in men’s minds. For both the Greeks and Latins, as well as other barbarous nations, worshipped certain gods as he mere offspring of opinion, and these they confessed to have once been mortal. But philosophers at least retained this principle — the gods are eternal; and if the philosophers had been listened to, the authority of the Magi would have fallen away. Hence the most worldly-wise were not ashamed, as I have mentioned, to urge the expulsion of philosophy from sacred things. With regard to the Poets, the most politic were compelled to succumb to the petulance of the common people, and yet they taught at the same time what the poets reigned and fabled concerning the nature of the gods was pernicious. This, then, was the almost universal rule throughout the world as to the worship of God, and the very foundation of piety — namely, no deities are to be worshipped except those which have been handed down from our forefathers. And this is the tendency of the oracle of Apollo which Xenophon (173) in the character of Socrates so greatly praises, namely, every city ought, to worship the gods of its own country! For when Apollo was consulted concerning the best religion, with the view of cherishing the errors by which all nations were intoxicated, he commanded them not to change anything in their public devotions, and pronounced that religion the best for every city and people which had been received from the furthest antiquity. This was a wonderful imposture of the devil, as he was unwilling to stir up men’s minds to reflect upon what was really right, but he retained them in that old lethargy — “Ha! the authority of your ancestors is sufficient for you!” The greatest wisdom among the profane was, as I have said, to cause consent to be taken for reason. Meanwhile, those who were supreme either in empire, or influence, or dignity, assumed to themselves the right of fashioning new deities; for we see how many dedicated temples to fictitious deities, because they were commanded by authority. Hence it is by no means surprising for Nebuchadnezzar to take this license of setting up a new deity. Perhaps he dedicated this statue to Bel, who is considered as the Jupiter of the Chaldeans; but yet he wished to introduce a new religion by means of which his memory might be celebrated by posterity. Virgule (174) derides this folly when he says: And he increases the number of deities by altars. For he means, however men may erect numerous altars on earth, they cannot increase the number of the gods in heaven. Thus, therefore, Nebuchadnezzar increased the number of the deities by a single altar, that is, introduced a new rite to make the statue a monument to himself, and his own name famous as long as that religion flourished. Here we perceive how grossly he abused his power; for he did not consult his own Magi as he might have done, nor even reflect within himself whether that religion was lawful or not; but through being blinded by pride, he wished to fetter the minds of all, and to compel them to adopt what he desired. Hence we gather how vain profane men are when they pretend to worship, God, while at the same time they wish to be superior to God himself. For they do not admit any pure thought, or even apply themselves to the knowledge of God, but they make their will law, just as it pleases them. They do not adore God, but rather their own fiction. Such was the pride of King Nebuchadnezzar, as appears from his own edict. King Nebuchadnezzar sent to collect all the satraps, generals, and prefects, to come to the dedication of the image, which King Nebuchadnezzar had erected. The name of the king is always added, exce
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-dan-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:3 주석
우리는 느부갓네살이 자신의 통치 아래 모든 민족 가운데 외래 신기함이 섞이지 않은 종교를 세우려 했음을 본다. 그는 자신의 제국에서 분열의 원인이 될 불화를 두려워했다. 따라서 왕이 하나님의 예배에 관한 칙령을 공포할 때 하나님의 요구보다 자신의 개인적인 안락과 이익을 고려한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 처음부터 이 대담함과 무모함이 세상에서 증가했는데, 최고 권력을 가진 이들이 항상 감히 신들을 만들어내고, 자신들이 발명한 신들을 경배하도록 명령하는 데까지 나아갔기 때문이다. 이 세상에서 하나님의 예배에 관한 거의 보편적인 규칙이 있었으니—조상에게서 전해 내려온 신들 외에는 예배하지 않는다는 것이었다. 이것이 크세노폰이 소크라테스의 입을 통해 그처럼 크게 칭찬한 아폴로의 신탁의 경향이다. 즉 모든 도시는 자기 나라의 신들을 예배해야 한다는 것이다. 따라서 느부갓네살이 새로운 신을 세우는 이 허가를 취한 것이 전혀 놀랍지 않다. 그는 아마도 갈대아인의 유피테르라 여겨지는 벨에게 이 신상을 봉헌했을 것이다. 그러나 그는 이것으로써 자신의 이름이 후대에 기념될 수 있는 새로운 종교를 도입하려 했다. 여기서 우리는 그가 얼마나 권력을 남용했는지를 본다. 그는 자신의 마기들과 상의하지 않았고, 그 종교가 합법한지 아닌지도 스스로 반성하지 않았다. 교만에 눈이 멀어 모든 이들의 마음을 속박하고 자신의 뜻에 따르도록 강요하기를 원했다. 이처럼 세속적인 자들이 하나님을 예배한다고 가장하면서도 하나님 자신보다 자신이 우월하기를 원한다는 것을 보여준다. 그들은 어떤 순수한 생각을 허용하지 않고, 하나님에 대한 지식에 자신을 적용하지 않으며, 다만 그들이 원하는 대로 자신의 뜻을 법으로 삼는다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-3-3(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
4절 카드 ↗
It is afterwards added — A herald cried out lustily, or among the multitude. This latter explanation does not suit so well — the herald crying amidst the multitude — -since there were a great concourse of nations, and the kingdom of Babylon comprehended many provinces. The herald, therefore, cried with a loud voice, An edict is gone forth for you, O nations, peoples, and tongues. This would strike them with terror, since the king made no exception to his command for every province to worship his idol; for each person would observe the rest, and when every one sees the whole multitude obedient, no one would dare to refuse; hence all liberty is at an end. It now follows, — When ye hear the sound of the trumpet or horn, harp, pipe, psaltery, sackbut, etc ., ye must fall down and adore the image. But whoever did not fall down before it, should be cast the same hour into a burning fiery furnace. This would excite the greater terror, since King Nebuchadnezzar sanctioned this impious worship with a punishment so severe; for he was not content with a usual kind of death, but commanded every one who did not worship the statue to be cast into the fire. Now, this denunciation of punishment sufficiently demonstrates now the king suspected some of rebellion. There would have been no dispute if Jews had not been mixed with Chaldeans and Assyrians, for they always worshipped the same gods, and it was a prevailing custom with them to worship those deities whom their kings approved. Hence it appears that the statue was purposely erected to give the king an opportunity of accurately ascertaining whether the Jews, as yet unaccustomed to Gentile superstitions, were obedient to his command. He wished to cause the sons of Abraham to lay aside sincere piety, and to submit to his corruption’s, by following the example of others, and framing their conduct according to the king’s will and the practice of the people among whom they dwelt. But we shall treat this hereafter. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-6" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:4 주석
전령이 큰 소리로 외쳤다. 느부갓네살의 명령이 있었으므로 모든 민족과 백성과 언어가 듣게 되었다. 이것은 그들에게 공포를 주었다. 왕이 모든 지방이 자신의 우상을 예배하도록 명령에 예외를 두지 않았기 때문이다. 각 사람은 나머지 모두를 살펴볼 것이었고, 온 무리가 복종하는 것을 볼 때 아무도 감히 거부하지 못할 것이었다. 나팔이나 뿔, 수금, 피리, 발레리, 삼현금 등의 소리가 들릴 때 엎드려 신상에 경배해야 했다. 엎드리지 않는 자는 즉시 타오르는 풀무불 속에 던져질 것이었다. 이것은 더 큰 공포를 일으켰다. 느부갓네살 왕이 이 불경한 예배를 그처럼 엄한 형벌로 재가했기 때문이다. 이 형벌의 선포는 왕이 어느 정도 반역을 의심하고 있었음을 충분히 보여준다. 유대인들이 갈대아인들과 아시리아인들과 섞이지 않았다면 분쟁이 없었을 것이다. 따라서 이 신상이 아브라함의 자손들이 순수한 경건을 저버리고 이방 미신에 복종하게 하는 하나의 시험으로 의도적으로 세워진 것이 나타난다.
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원주석
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commentary-section/cal-dan-3-4-4(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
6절 카드 ↗
Respecting the required adoration, nothing but outward observance was needed. King Nebuchadnezzar did not exact a verbal profession of belief in this deity, that is, in the divinity of the statue which he commanded to be worshipped; it was quite sufficient to offer to it merely outward worship. We here see how idolatry is deservedly condemned in those who pretend to worship idols, even if they mentally refrain and only act through fear and the compulsion of regal authority; that excuse is altogether frivolous. We see, then, how this king or tyrant, though he fabricated this image by the cunning of the devil, exacted nothing else than the bending the knees of all the people and nations before the statue. And truly he had in this way alienated the Jews from the worship of the one true God, if this had been extorted from them. For God wishes first of all for inward worship, and afterwards for outward profession. The principal altar for the worship of God ought to be situated in our minds, for God is worshipped spiritually by faith, prayer, and other acts of piety. ( John 4:24 .) It is also necessary to add outward profession, not only that we may exercise ourselves in God’s worship, but offer ourselves wholly to him, and bend before him both bodily and mentally, and devote ourselves entirely to him, as Paul teaches. ( 1 Corinthians 7:34 ; 1 Thessalonians 5:23 .) Thus far, then, concerning both the adoration and the penalty. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-7" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-dan-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:6 주석
요구된 경배에 관해서는 외적인 경배만이 필요했다. 느부갓네살 왕은 그가 예배하도록 명한 신상의 신성에 대한 구두 고백을 요구하지 않았다. 단지 외적인 예배를 드리는 것으로 충분했다. 여기서 우리는 비록 마음으로는 그렇게 하지 않고 단지 두려움과 왕권의 강제로 행동할지라도, 우상을 예배하는 척하는 이들은 당연히 정죄받는다는 것을 본다—그 변명은 완전히 헛된 것이다. 왕 혹은 폭군은 마귀의 교활함으로 이 신상을 만들었지만 다른 것은 요구하지 않고 모든 백성과 민족이 신상 앞에 무릎을 꿇는 것만을 요구했다. 이 방법으로 만약 그것이 그들에게서 강요되었다면 유대인들을 참되고 유일하신 하나님의 예배에서 실제로 멀어지게 했을 것이다. 하나님은 무엇보다도 먼저 내적인 예배를 원하시고, 이후 외적인 고백을 원하신다. 하나님을 예배하는 주된 제단은 우리 마음속에 있어야 한다. 하나님은 믿음, 기도, 그리고 다른 경건의 행위들로 영적으로 예배받으시기 때문이다(요 4:24). 그러나 외적인 고백도 필요한데, 우리 자신을 하나님의 예배에 단련시킬 뿐만 아니라 우리 자신을 온전히 그분께 드리고, 몸으로도 마음으로도 그분 앞에 절하며, 바울이 가르치는 대로 우리 자신을 완전히 그분께 헌신하기 위해서다.
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원주석
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commentary-section/cal-dan-3-6-6(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
7절 카드 ↗
It follows again, — As soon as the burst of the trumpets was heard and the sound of so many instruments, all nations, peoples, and tongues fell down and adored the image which King Nebuchadnezzar had set up Here I may repeat what I said before — all men were very obedient to the injunctions of their monarchs; whatever they ordered was obeyed, so long as it did not cause complete ruin; and they often bore the heaviest burdens with the view of perfect conformity. But we must remark how our propensities have always a vicious tendency. If King Nebuchadnezzar had commanded the God of Israel to be worshipped, and all temples to be overthrown, and all altars throughout his empire to be thrown down, very great tumults would doubtless have arisen; for the devil so fascinates men’s minds that they remain pertinaciously fixed in the errors which they have imbibed. Hence the Chaldeans, Assyrians, and others would never have been induced to obey without the greatest difficulty. But now, on the appearance of the signal, they directly fall down and adore the golden statue. Hence we may learn to reflect upon our own character, as in a mirror, with the view of submitting ourselves to God’s Word, and of being immovable in the right faith, and of standing unconquered in our consistency, whatever kings may command. Although a hundred deaths may threaten us, they must not weaken our faith, for unless God restrain us by his Curb, we should instantly start aside to every species of vanity; and especially if a king introduces corruption’s among us, we are immediately carried away by them, and, as we said, are far too prone to vicious and perverse modes of worship. The Prophet repeats again the king’s name to shew us how little the multitude thought of pleasing God; never considering whether the worship was sacred and sound, but simply content; with the king’s nod. The Prophet deservedly condemns this easy indifference. We should learn also from this passage, not to be induced, by the will of any man to embrace any kind of religion, but diligently to inquire what worship God approves, and so to use our judgment as not rashly to involve ourselves in any superstitions. Respecting the use of musical instruments, I confess it to be customary in the Church even by God’s command; but the intention of the Jews and of the Chaldeans was different. For when the Jews used trumpets and harps and other instruments in celebrating God’s praises, they ought not to have obtruded this custom on God as if it was the proof of piety; but it ought to have another object, since God wished to use all means of stirring men up from their sluggishness, for we know how cold we grow in the pursuits of piety, unless we are aroused. God, therefore, used these stimulants to cause the Jews to worship him with greater fervor. But the Chaldeans thought to satisfy their god by heaping together many musical instruments. For, like other persons, they supposed God like themselves, for whatever delights us, we think must also please the Deity. Hence the immense heap of ceremonies in the Papacy, since our eyes delight in such splendors; hence we think this to be required of us by God, as if he delighted in what pleases us. This is, indeed, a gross error. There is no doubt that the harp, trumpet, and other musical instruments with which Nebuchadnezzar worshipped his idol, formed a part of his errors, and so also did the gold. God, indeed, wished his sanctuary to manifest some splendor; not that gold, silver, and precious stones please him by themselves, but he wished to commend his glory to his people, since under this figure they might understand why everything precious should be offered to God, as it is sacred to him. The Jews, indeed, had many ceremonies, and much of what is called magnificent splendor in the worship of God, and still the principle of spiritual worship yet remained among them. The profane, while they invented gross deities which they reverenced according to their pleasure, thought it a proof of perfect sanctity, if they sang beautifully, if they used plenty of gold and silver, and if they employed showy utensils in these sacrifices. I must leave the rest for tomorrow. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-8" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-001
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:7 주석
나팔 소리가 들리자마자 모든 민족과 백성과 언어가 엎드려 느부갓네살 왕이 세운 신상에 경배했다. 여기서 내가 이전에 말한 것을 반복할 수 있다—모든 사람이 자신들의 군주의 명령에 매우 순종했으며, 그것이 완전한 파멸을 초래하지 않는 한 무엇이든 복종하고, 종종 완전한 순응을 위해 가장 무거운 짐도 졌다는 것을. 그러나 우리의 성향이 항상 악한 경향이 있다는 것을 주목해야 한다. 만약 느부갓네살 왕이 이스라엘의 하나님을 예배하도록 명하고 자신의 제국 전체에서 모든 신전과 제단을 헐도록 했다면, 의심할 것 없이 큰 소란이 일어났을 것이다. 마귀가 인간의 마음을 그렇게 매혹하여 자신들이 빠져든 오류에 완고하게 고착되게 하기 때문이다. 그러나 이제 신호가 나타나자마자 그들은 즉시 엎드려 금 신상에 경배한다. 우리는 여기서 자신의 모습을 거울에서 보듯 반성하는 것을 배우고, 하나님의 말씀에 복종하며 올바른 믿음에서 흔들리지 않으며, 왕이 무엇을 명하든 우리의 일관성에서 정복받지 않도록 배워야 한다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-7-7(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
8절 카드 ↗
Although their intention is not here expressed who accused Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, yet we gather from this event that the thing was most probably done on purpose when the king set up the golden image. We see how they were observed, and, as we said yesterday, Nebuchadnezzar seems to have followed the common practice of kings. For although they proudly despise God, yet they arm themselves with religion to strengthen their power, and pretend to encourage the worship of God for the single purpose of retaining the people in obedience. When, therefore, the Jews were mingled with Chaldeans and Assyrians, the king expected to meet with many differences of opinion, and so he placed the statue in a celebrated place by way of trial and experiment, whether the Jews would adopt the Babylonian rites. Meanwhile this passage teaches us how the king was probably instigated by his counselors, as they were indignant at strangers being made prefects of the province of Babylon while they were slaves; for they had become exiles by the right of warfare. Since then the Chaldeans were indignant, they were impelled by envy to suggest this advice to the king. For how did they so suddenly discover that the Jews paid no reverence to the statue, and especially Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego? Truly, the thing speaks for itself. These men watched to see what the Jews would do and hence we readily ascertain how they, from the beginning, laid the snare by advising the king to fabricate the statue. And when they tumultuously accuse the Jews, we perceive how they were filled with envy and hatred. It may be said, they were inflamed with jealousy, since superstitious men wish to impose the same law upon all, and then their passion is increased by cruelty. But simple rivalry, as we may perceive, corrupted the Chaldeans, and caused them clamorously to accuse the Jews. It is uncertain whether they spoke of the whole nation generally, namely, of all the exiles, or pointed out those three persons only. The accusation was probably restricted to Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. If these three could be broken down, the victory over the rest was easy. But few could be found in the whole people hardy enough to resist. We may well believe these clamorers wished to attack those whom they knew to be spirited and consistent beyond all others, and also to degrade them from those honors which they could not bear them to enjoy. It may be asked, then, why did they spare Daniel, since he would never consent to dissemble by worshipping the statue which the king commanded to be set up? They must have let Daniel alone for the time, since they knew him to be in favor wig the king; but they brought the charge against these three, because they could be oppressed with far less trouble. I think them to have been induced by this cunning in not naming Daniel with the other three, lest his favor should mitigate the king’s wrath. The form of accusation is added — O king, live for ever! It was the common salutation. Thou, O king! — this is emphatic, as if they had said, “Thou hast uttered this edict from thy royal authority, whoever hears the sound of the trumpet, or horn, harp, pipe, psaltery, and other musical instruments, shall fall down before the golden statue; whoever should refuse to do this should be cast into the burning fiery furnace. But here are some Jews whom thou hast set over the administration of the province of Babylon They add this through hatred, and through reproving the ingratitude of men admitted to such high honor and yet despising the king’s authority, and inducing others to follow the same example of disrespect. We see then how this was said to magnify their crime. The king has set them over the province of Babylon, and yet these men do not adore the golden image nor worship the gods. Here is the crime. We see how the Chaldeans, throughout the whole speech, condemn Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego of this single crime — a refusal to obey the king’s edict. They enter into no dispute about their own religion, for it would not have suited their purpose to allow any question to be raised as to the claim their own deities had to supreme adoration. They omit, therefore, everything which they perceive would not suit them, and seize upon this weapon — the king is treated with contempt, because Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego do not worship the image as the king’s edict ordered them to do. Here, again, we see how the superstitious do not apply their minds to the real inquiry how they should piously and properly worship God; but they neglect this duty and follow their own audacity and lust. Since therefore the Holy Spirit sets before us such rashness, as in a mirror, let us learn. that God cannot approve of our worship unless it be offered. up with truth. Here human authority is utterly unavailing, because unless we are sure that our religion is pleasing to. God, whatever man can do for us will only add to our weakness. While we observe those holy men charged with the crime of ingratitude and rebellion, we in these times ought not to be grieved by it. Those who calumniate us reproach us with despising the edicts of kings who wish to bind us by their errors; but, as we shall see by and bye, our defense is obvious and easy. Meanwhile we ought to undergo this infamy before the world, as if we were disobedient and unmanageable; and with respect to ingratitude, even if a thousand wicked men should lead us with reproaches, we must bear their calumnies for the time patiently, until the Lord shall shine upon us as the assertor of our innocence. It now follows, — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-13" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-002
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:8 주석
사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고를 고발한 이들의 의도가 여기서 표현되지는 않지만, 이 사건에서 느부갓네살이 금 신상을 세울 때 고의적으로 행했다는 것이 나타난다. 왕들이 비록 하나님을 오만하게 멸시하면서도, 자신의 권력을 강화하기 위해 종교로 무장하고, 단지 백성을 순종하게 유지하기 위한 한 가지 목적으로 하나님의 예배를 장려하는 척한다. 한편 이 구절은 왕이 아마도 신하들에 의해 충동받았다는 것을 가르쳐준다. 외국인들이 자신들이 노예로 있는 동안 바벨론 지방의 방백으로 세워지는 것에 분개했기 때문이다. 갈대아인들이 분개하여 질투심으로 왕에게 이 조언을 했다. 그들은 사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고가 신상에 경의를 표하지 않는다는 것을 어떻게 갑자기 발견했는가? 진실은 스스로 말한다. 이 자들은 유대인들이 무엇을 할지 지켜보았다. 그들이 처음부터 왕에게 신상을 만들도록 권고함으로써 함정을 놓았다는 것을 쉽게 알 수 있다. 그들이 소란스럽게 유대인들을 고발할 때 우리는 그들이 질투심과 증오심으로 가득 찼음을 본다. 그들의 고발은 아마도 사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고 세 사람에게 국한되었을 것이다. 이 세 사람이 무너지면 나머지에 대한 승리는 쉬웠다. 다니엘을 왜 여기서 빠뜨렸는가 하는 물음이 생길 수 있는데, 그들은 다니엘이 왕의 총애를 받는다는 것을 알았으므로 이 세 사람을 고발하는 것이 더 쉽다고 판단했을 것이다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-8-8(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
13절 카드 ↗
This narrative clearly assures us, how kings consult only their own grandeur by a show of piety, when they claim the place of their deities. For it seems very wonderful for King Nebuchadnezzar to insult all the gods, as if there was no power in heaven unless what he approved off What god , says he, can pluck out of my hand? Why then did he worship any deity? Simply to retain the people by a curb, and fires to strengthen his own power, without the slightest affection of piety abiding within his mind. At the beginning Daniel relates how the king was inflamed with wrath. For nothing is more troublesome to kings than to see their authority despised; they wish every one to be obedient to themselves, even when their commands are most unjust After the king is cool again, he asks Shadraeh, Meshaeh, and Abed-nego, whether they were prepared to worship his god and his golden image? Since he addresses them doubtfully, and gives them a free choice, his words imply moderation. He seems to free them from all blame, if they will only bow themselves down hereafter. He now adds directly, if ye are not prepared, behold I will throw you into a furnace of burning fire; and at length breaks forth into that sacrilegious and dreadful blasphemy — There is no god who can deliver the saints alive out of his hand! We see, then, in the person of Nebuchadnezzar, how kings swell with pride, while they pretend some zeal for piety; since in reality no reverence for God influences them, while they expect all men to obey every command. And thus, as I have said, they rather substitute themselves for God, than desire to worship him and promote his glory. This is the meaning of the words, the statue which I have created, and which I have made; as if he had said, You are not allowed to deliberate about worshipping this image or not,; my orders ought to be sufficient for you. I have erected it purposely and designedly; it was your duty simply to obey me. We see then how he claims the supreme power, by fashioning a god. Nebuchadnezzar is not now treating matters of state policy; he wishes the statue to he adored as a deity, because he had decreed it, and had promulgated his edict. And we must always remember what I have touched upon, namely, this example of pride is set before us, to shew us not to attach ourselves to any religion with rashness, but to listen to God and depend on his authority and commands, since if we listen to man, our errors would be endless. Although kings are so proud and ferocious, yet we must be guided by this rule — Nothing pleases God but what he has commanded in his word; and the principle of true piety is the obedience which we ought to render to him alone. With respect to blasphemy, it clearly demonstrates my previous assertion, however kings put forward some desire for piety, yet they despise every deity, and think of nothing but extolling their own magnificence. Hence, they traffic in the name of God to attract greater reverence towards themselves; but at the same time, if they choose to change their deities a hundred times a-day, no sense of religion will hinder them. Religion, then, is to the kings of the earth nothing but a pretext; but they have neither reverence nor fear of God in their minds, as the language of this profane king proves. What God? says he, clearly there is no God. If any one reply — he speaks comparatively, since he here defends the glory of his own god whom he worshipped, still he utters this blasphemy against all gods, and is impelled by intolerable arrogance and diabolical fury. We are now coming to the principal point where Daniel relates the constancy with which Shadraeh, Meshach, and Abed-nego were endued. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-16" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:13 주석
이 서사는 왕들이 자신의 웅장함만을 경건의 표시로 내세울 때, 자신의 신들의 자리를 주장할 때 얼마나 그러한지를 분명히 보여준다. 느부갓네살 왕이 마치 자신이 승인하지 않으면 하늘에 아무 권능도 없는 것처럼 모든 신들을 모욕하는 것이 매우 놀랍다. "어떤 신이 내 손에서 빼낼 수 있겠는가?" 그렇다면 그는 왜 어떤 신을 예배했는가? 단순히 백성을 재갈로 억제하고 자신의 권력을 강화하기 위해서일 뿐, 자신의 마음속에는 경건의 감정이 조금도 없었다. 왕이 처음에 격분했다고 다니엘은 기록한다. 왕들에게 자신의 권위가 무시당하는 것보다 더 성가신 것은 없기 때문이다. 그들의 명령이 가장 부당할 때에도 모든 이가 자신에게 복종하기를 원한다. 왕이 다시 냉정해진 후 사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고에게 자신의 신과 금 신상에 절할 준비가 되어 있는지 묻는다. 그는 그들에게 의심스럽게 말하며 자유로운 선택을 주므로 그의 말은 절제를 내포한다. 그는 이후로 절하기만 하면 모든 책임에서 그들을 풀어주는 것 같다. 그러나 즉시 그렇지 않으면 불 풀무에 던지겠다고 덧붙이고, 마침내 그 불경스럽고 무서운 신성모독으로 터진다—그 손에서 성도들을 살아서 건져낼 수 있는 신이 없다! 따라서 우리는 느부갓네살의 인물 안에서 왕들이 경건에 대한 열심을 가장하면서도 어떻게 교만으로 부풀어 있는지를 본다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-13-13(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
16절 카드 ↗
In this history it; is necessary to observe with what unbroken spirit these three holy men persisted in the fear of God, though they knew they were in danger of instant death. When, therefore, this kind of death was placed straight before their eyes, they did not turn aside from the straightforward course, but treated God’s glory of greater value than their own life, nay, than a hundred lives, if they had so many to pour forth, and opportunity had been given them. Daniel does not relate all their words, but only their import, in which the unconquered virtue of that Holy Spirit, by which they had been instructed, is sufficiently evident; for that denunciation was certainly dreadful, when the king said, If ye are not prepared to fall down at the sound of the trumpet before the image, its all over with you, and ye shall be directly cast into a furnace of fire. When the king had so fulminated, they might have winced, as men usually do, since life is naturally dear to us, and a dread of death seizes upon our senses. But Daniel relates all these circumstances, to assure us of the great fortitude of God’s servants when they are led by his Spirit, and yield to no threats, and succumb to no terrors. They answer the king, We do not need any long deliberation. For when they say they care not, they mean by this word, the matter is settled; just as that sentence of Cyprian is related by Augustine, (186) when courtiers persuaded him to preserve his life, for it was with great reluctance that the emperor devoted him to death, when flatterers on all sides urged him to redeem his life by the denial of piety, he answered, There can be no deliberation in a matter so sacred! Thus those holy men say, We do not care, we do not enter into the consideration of what is expedient or useful, no such thing! for we ought to settle it with ourselves never to be induced by any reason to withdraw from the sincere worship of God. If you please to read — we ought not to answer you, the sense will be the same. They imply that the fear of death was set before them in vain, because they had determined and resolved in their inmost souls, not to depart a single inch from the true and lawful worship of God. Besides they here give a double reason for rejecting the king’s proposal. They say God has sufficient power and strength to liberate them; and then, even if they must die, their life is not of so much value as to deny God for the sake of preserving it. Hence they declare themselves prepared to die, if the king persists in urging his wish for the adoration of the image. This passage is therefore worthy of the greatest attention. First of all we must observe the answer — for when men entice us to deny the true God we must close our ears, and refuse all deliberation; for we have already committed an atrocious insult against God, when we even question the propriety of swerving from the purity of his worship through any impulse or any reason whatever. And I heartily wish every one would observe this! How excellent and striking is the glory of God, and how everything ought to yield to it, whenever there is danger of its being either diminished or obscured. But at this day, this fallacy deceives the multitude, since they think it lawful to debate whether it is allowable to swerve front the true worship of God for a time, whenever any utility presents itself on the opposite side. Just as in our days, we see how hypocrites, of whom the world is full, have pretenses by which they cloak their delinquencies, when they either worship idols with the impious, or deny at one time openly, and at another obliquely, true piety. “Oh! what can happen? — such a one will say — of what value is consistency? I see some evident advantage if I can only dissemble a little, and not betray what I am. Ingenuousness is injurious not only to me privately, but to all around me!” If a king has none around him who endeavor to appease his wrath, the wicked would give way to their passions, and by their greater license would drive him to the extremity of cruelty. It is, therefore, better to have, some mediators on the watch to observe whether the wicked are planning anything. Thus, if they cannot openly, they may covertly avert danger from the heads of the pious. By such reasoning as this, they think they can satisfy God. As if Shadraeh, Meshaeh, and Abed-nego, had not the same excuse; as if the following thought would not occur to them — “Behold! we are armed with some power in favor of our brethren; now what barbarity, what cruelty will be exercised against them, if the enemies of the religion which they profess succeed us? For as far as they can, they will overthrow and blot out our race and the very remembrance of piety. Is it not better for us to yield for a time to the tyranny and violent edict of the king than to leave our places empty? which the furious will by and bye occupy, who will utterly destroy our wretched race which is now dreadfully oppressed.” Shadraeh, Meshaeh, and Abed-nego might, I say, collect all these pretenses and excuses to palliate their perfidy if they had bent the knee before the golden image for the sake of avoiding danger; but they did not act thus. Hence, as I have already said, God retains his rights entire when his worship is upheld without the slightest doubt, and we are thoroughly persuaded that nothing is of such importance as to render it lawful and right to swerve from that profession which his word both demands and exacts. On the whole, that security which ought to confirm the pious in the worship of God is opposed here to all those tortuous and mistaken counsels which some men adopt, and thus, for the sake of living, lose life itself, according to the sentiment of even a profane poet. For of what use is life except to serve God’s glory? but we lose that object in life for the sake of the life itself — that is, by desiring to live entirely to the; world, we lose the very purpose of living! Thus, then, Daniel opposes the
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:16 주석
이 역사에서 이 세 거룩한 사람들이 즉각적인 죽음의 위험에 있다는 것을 알면서도 하나님에 대한 두려움 안에서 얼마나 꺾이지 않는 정신으로 견고히 섰는지를 주목해야 한다. 그 죽음의 방식이 그들의 눈앞에 직접 놓였을 때도 그들은 직선 코스에서 돌아서지 않고, 하나님의 영광을 자신의 생명보다, 아니 백 개의 생명보다 더 귀하게 여겼다. 다니엘은 그들의 모든 말을 기록하지 않고 다만 그 요점만 기록하는데, 그들을 가르쳤던 그 성령의 정복되지 않는 미덕이 충분히 나타난다. 그들이 말한다—우리는 어떤 긴 토론도 필요치 않다고. 그들이 상관하지 않는다고 말할 때, 그 단어로 그들은 문제가 해결되었다는 것을 의미한다. 키프리아누스의 말처럼, 조신들이 그에게 목숨을 보전하도록 설득할 때 그는 답했다—이처럼 거룩한 일에서는 숙고가 있을 수 없다! 따라서 그 거룩한 사람들은 말한다—우리는 상관하지 않는다. 우리는 어떤 이유로도 하나님의 순수한 예배에서 물러나도록 이끌리지 않겠다고 우리 안에서 결정했다. 그들은 또한 왕의 제안을 거부하는 두 가지 이유를 제시한다. 하나님이 그들을 해방시키기에 충분한 능력을 가지셨다고, 그리고 비록 죽어야 한다 해도 그들의 생명이 하나님을 부인할 만큼 가치 있지 않다는 것이다. 따라서 그들은 죽을 준비가 되어 있다고 선언한다. 이 구절은 가장 주의 깊게 다루어져야 한다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-16-16(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
17절 카드 ↗
And when they add — God is sufficiently powerful to preserve us; and if not, we are prepared for death, they point out to us what ought to raise our minds above all trials, namely, the preciousness of our life in God’s sight, since he can liberate us if he pleases. Since, therefore, we have sufficient protection in God, let us not think any method of preserving our life better than to throw ourselves entirely on his protection, and to cast all our cares upon him. And as to the second clause, we must remark this, even if the Lord should wish to magnify his own glory by our death, we ought to offer up this as a lawful sacrifice; and sincere piety does not flourish in our hearts unless our minds are always prepared to make this sacrifice. Thus I wished to remark these things shortly now, and with God’s permission, I will explain them fully to-morrow. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-18" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-003
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:17 주석
그들이 덧붙이는 말도 주목해야 한다—하나님이 우리를 보존하기에 충분히 강하시다고, 그렇지 않다면 우리는 죽음을 각오하고 있다고. 그들은 우리 마음이 모든 시험을 초월해 올라가야 할 것이 무엇인지 가르쳐준다—하나님의 눈에 우리 생명이 얼마나 소중한가 하는 것이다. 하나님이 원하신다면 우리를 해방하실 수 있기 때문이다. 우리 생명의 모든 보호를 하나님께 온전히 던지고, 모든 걱정을 그분께 맡기는 것보다 더 좋은 생명 보존 방법은 없다. 두 번째 항목에 관해서는, 주께서 우리의 죽음으로 자신의 영광을 높이기를 원하신다 해도 우리는 이것을 합법적인 제물로 드려야 한다. 그리고 이 제물을 드릴 준비가 항상 되어 있지 않으면 진정한 경건은 우리 마음에 번성하지 못한다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-17-17(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
18절 카드 ↗
WE said yesterday that the constancy of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, was based upon these two reasons:-Their certain persuasion that God was the guardian of their life, and would free them from present death by his power if it were useful. And also their determination to die boldly and fearlessly, if God wished such a sacrifice to be offered. What Daniel relates of these three men belongs to us all. Hence we may gather this general instruction. When our danger for the truth’s sake is imminent, we should learn to place our life in God’s hand, and then bravely and fearlessly devote ourselves to death. As to the first point, experience teaches us how very many turn aside from God and the profession of faith, since they do not feel confidence in God’s power to liberate them. It may be said with truth of us all — God takes care of us, since our life is placed in his hand and will; but scarcely one in a hundred holds this deeply and surely fixed in his heart, since every one takes his own way of preserving his life, as if there were no virtue in God. Hence he has made some proficiency in God’s word who has learnt to place his life in God’s care, and to consider it safe under his protection. For if he has made progress thus far, he may be in danger a hundred times, yet he will never hesitate to follow whenever he is called. This one feeling frees him from all fear and trembling, since God can extricate his servants from a thousand deaths, as it is said in the Psalm, ( Psalms 68:20 ,) The issues of death are in his power. For death seems to consume all things; but God snatches from that whirlpool whom he pleases. So this persuasion ought to inspire us with firm and unassailable constancy, since it is necessary for those who so repose the whole care of their life and safety upon God, to be thoroughly conscious and undoubtedly sure that God will defend a good cause. And this is also expressed by these words of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego Behold our God whom we worship When they bring forward God’s worship, they bear testimony to the surliness of their support, when they undertake nothing rashly, but are worshippers of the true God, and labor for the defense of piety. For this is the difference, between martyrs and malefactors, who are often compelled to suffer the penalty of their madness for attempting to overthrow all things. We see, indeed, the majority tossed about by their own intemperance. If they happen to suffer punishment, they are not to be reckoned among God’s martyrs; for, as Augustine says, the martyr is made by his cause, and not by his punishment. Hence the weight of these words, when these three men attest their worship of God, since in this way they boast in their power of enduring any urgent danger not rashly, but only as supported by the sure worship of God. I now come to the second point. If God be unwilling to deliver us from death, be it known to thee, O king, we will not worship thy gods I said first of all, we should be constantly prepared to undergo every conflict, to commit our life to his charge, to submit to his will and hand, and to the protection of his custody. But the desire of this earthly and fading life ought not; to retain its hold upon us, and to hinder us from the free and candid confession of the truth. For God’s glory ought to be more precious to us than a hundred lives. Hence we cannot be witnesses for God without we lay aside all desire of this life, and at least prefer God’s glory to it. Meanwhile, we must. remark the impossibility of doing this, without the hope of a better life drawing us towards itself. For where there is no promise of any eternal inheritance implanted in our hearts, we. shall never be torn away from this world. We are naturally desirous of existence, and that feeling cannot be eradicated, unless faith overcome it; as Paul says, Not that we wished to be unclothed, but clothed upon. ( 2 Corinthians 5:4 .) Paul confesses that men cannot be naturally induced to wish for departure from the world, unless, as we have said, through the power of faith. But when we understand our inheritance to be in heaven, while we are strangers upon earth, then we put off that clinging to the life of this world to which we are too much devoted. These then are the two points which prepare the sons of God for martyrdom, and remove hesitation as to their offering their life in sacrifice to God. First, if they are persuaded that God is the protector of their life and will certainly liberate them should it be expedient; and secondly, when they live above the world and aspire to the hope of eternal life in heaven, while prepared to renounce the world. This magnanimity is to be remarked in their language, when they say, Be it known to thee, O king, that we do not worship thy gods nor adore the statue which, thou hast set up Here they obliquely accuse the king of arrogating too much to himself, and of wishing religion to stand or fall by his own will. Thou hast erected the statue, but thy authority is of no moment to us, since we know it to be a fictitious deity whose image thou wishest us to worship. The God whom we worship has revealed himself to us we know him to be the maker of heaven and earth, to have redeemed our fathers from Egypt, and to intend our chastisement by driving us into exile. Since, therefore, we have a firm foundation for our faith hence we reckon thy gods and thy sway valueless. It follows: return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-19" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-003
절 (explains)
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:18 주석
어제 우리는 사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고의 견고함이 두 가지 이유에 근거한다고 말했다. 하나님이 그들의 생명의 보호자이시며 유익하다면 자신의 능력으로 임박한 죽음에서 그들을 자유롭게 하실 것이라는 확실한 설득, 그리고 하나님이 그러한 제물이 드려지기를 원하신다면 담대하고 두려움 없이 죽겠다는 결심이다. 다니엘이 이 세 사람에 대해 기록하는 것은 우리 모두에게 해당된다. 진리를 위해 우리에게 위험이 임박할 때, 우리 생명을 하나님의 손에 두는 것을 배워야 하고, 그런 다음 담대하고 두려움 없이 죽음에 헌신해야 한다. 이 첫 번째 요점에 관해, 경험은 하나님이 그들을 해방하실 능력이 있다는 확신을 가지지 못하기 때문에 매우 많은 이들이 하나님과 믿음의 고백에서 돌아서는 것을 가르쳐준다. 하나님의 말씀에서 진보를 이룬 자는 자신의 생명을 하나님의 보호 아래 두는 것과 그것이 그분의 보호 아래 안전하다고 여기는 것을 배운 자다. 이 두 번째 점, 즉 세상을 초월하여 살며 하늘에 있는 영원한 생명의 소망을 향하는 것이 없이는 이것이 불가능하다. 천국에 우리의 기업이 있고 우리는 세상에서 나그네라는 것을 이해할 때, 우리는 세상의 삶에 너무 매달리는 그 집착을 버린다. 따라서 하나님의 아들들을 순교로 준비시키고 자신의 생명을 하나님께 제물로 드리는 것에 대한 망설임을 제거하는 이 두 가지 요점이 있다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-18-18(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
19절 카드 ↗
Here, at; first sight, God seems to desert his servants, since he does not openly succor them. The king orders them to be thrown into a furnace of fire: no help from heaven appears for them. This was a living and remarkably efficacious proof of their faithfulness. But they were prepared, as we have seen, to endure everything. These bold answers were not prompted simply by their trust in God’s immediate help, but by a determination to die; since a better life occupied their thoughts, they willingly sacrificed the present life. Hence they were not frightened at this terrible order of the king’s, but followed on their course, fearlessly submitting to death for the worship of God. No third way was opened for them, when a choice was granted either to submit to death, or apostatize from the true God. By this example we are taught to meditate on our immortal life in times of ease, so that if God pleases, we may not hesitate to expose our souls by the confession of the true faith. For we are so timorous when we are attacked by calamity, we are seized with fear and torpor, and then when we are not pressed by any urgency we feign for ourselves a false security. When we are allowed to be at ease, we ought to apply our minds to meditation upon a future life, so that this world may become cheap to us, and we may be prepared when necessary to pour forth our blood in testimony to the truth. And this narrative is not set before us simply to lead us to admire and celebrate the courage of these three holy ones, but their constancy is proposed to us as an example for imitation. With reference to King Nebuchadnezzar, Daniel here shews, as in a glass, the pride and haughtiness of kings when they find their decrees disobeyed. Surely a mind of iron ought to grow soft by the answer which we have just narrated, on hearing Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego committing their lives to God; but when it heard how they could not be drawn aside from their faithfulness by the fear of death, its anger was only increased. In considering this fury, we ought to take into account the power of Satan in seizing and occupying the minds of men. For there is no moderation in them, even if they shew some great and remarkable hope of virtues, — for, as we have seen, Nebuchadnezzar was endued with many virtues; but as Satan harassed him, we discern nothing but cruelty and barbarity. Meanwhile, let us remember how pleasing our constancy is to God, though it may not produce any immediate fruit before the world. For many indulge in pleasure through thinking they would be rash in devoting themselves to death, without any apparent utility. And on this pretext, they excuse themselves from not contending more boldly for the glory of God, by supposing they would lose their labor, and their death would be fruitless. But we hear what Christ pronounces, namely, this sacrifice is pleasing to God, when we die for the testimony of the heavenly doctrine, although the generation before which we bear witness to God’s name is adulterous and perverse, nay, even hardened by our constancy. ( Matthew 5:11 , and Matthew 10:32 , and Mark 8:38 .) And such an example is here set before us in these three holy men; because, although Nebuchadnezzar was more inflamed by the freedom of their confession, yet that; liberty pleased God, and they did not repent of it, though they did not discern the fruit of their constancy which they wished. The Prophet also expresses this circumstance to demonstrate the king’s fury, since he ordered the furnace to be heated seven times hotter than before; and then, he chose from his own servants the strongest of all to bind these holy men, and cast them into the furnace of fire But from the result it is very evident, that this did not occur without God’s secret impulse; for the devil will sometimes throw discredit on a miracle, unless all doubt is removed. Since therefore the king ordered the furnace to be heated sevenfold more than before, next when he chose the strongest attendants, and commanded them to follow him, God thus removed all doubts, by liberating his servants, because light emerges more clearly from the darkness, when Satan endeavors to shut it out. Thus God is accustomed to frustrate the impious; and the more impious they are in opposing his glory, the more he makes his honor and doctrine conspicuous. In like manner, Daniel here paints, as in a picture, how King Nebuchadnezzar passed nothing by, when he wished to strike terror into the minds of all the Jews by this cruel punishment. And yet he obtained nothing else by his plans than a clearer illustration of God’s power and grace towards his servants. It now follows: — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-21" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-004
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:19 주석
여기서 처음에는 하나님이 자신의 종들을 저버리시는 것처럼 보인다. 왕은 그들을 불 풀무에 던지도록 명한다. 하늘에서 아무런 도움이 나타나지 않는다. 그러나 그들은 우리가 본 것처럼 모든 것을 견딜 준비가 되어 있었다. 이 담대한 대답들은 단순히 하나님의 즉각적인 도움에 대한 신뢰에서 나온 것이 아니라, 죽음을 각오한 결심에서 나온 것이었다. 더 나은 생명이 그들의 생각을 사로잡았으므로 그들은 현재의 생명을 기꺼이 희생했다. 따라서 그들은 왕의 이 무서운 명령에 놀라지 않고 과정을 계속하여 두려움 없이 하나님에 대한 예배를 위해 죽음에 굴복했다. 예수 그리스도도 이렇게 말씀하셨다—이 제물이 하나님께 기쁜 것이라고, 우리가 비록 우리가 증거하는 세대가 간음하고 사악하며, 우리의 견고함으로 더욱 완고해지더라도 하늘 교리의 증거를 위해 죽을 때(마 5:11; 10:32; 막 8:38). 그리고 이러한 예가 이 세 거룩한 사람들에게서 우리 앞에 제시된다. 왜냐하면 비록 느부갓네살이 그들의 자유로운 고백으로 더욱 격분되었지만 그 자유가 하나님을 기쁘게 했고, 그들은 자신들이 원했던 견고함의 열매를 분간하지 못했지만 후회하지 않았기 때문이다. 선지자는 또한 왕의 격분을 나타내기 위해 이 상황을 표현한다. 왕이 풀무를 이전보다 일곱 배나 더 뜨겁게 달구도록 명했고, 자신의 종들 중 가장 힘센 자들을 선택하여 이 거룩한 사람들을 묶어 불 풀무에 던지도록 했다. 그러나 결과에서 이것이 하나님의 은밀한 충동 없이는 일어나지 않았음이 매우 분명하다. 하나님은 이렇게 불경한 자들을 좌절시키신다. 그리고 그들이 하나님의 영광에 대항하면 할수록 그분은 자신의 영예와 교리를 더욱 현저하게 나타내신다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-19-19(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
21절 카드 ↗
Here Daniel relates the miracle by which God liberated his servants. He has two parts: first, these three holy men walked untouched in the midst of the flame; and the fires consumed those attendants who east them into the furnace. The Prophet diligently enumerates whatever tends to prove the power of God. He says, since the king’s command was urgent, that is, since the king ordered in such anger the furnace to be heated, the flames devour the men who executed his orders. For in Job, ( Job 18:5 ,) שביב , shebib, means “spark,” or the extremity of a flame. The sense of the Prophet is by no means obscure, since the extremity of the flame consumed those strong attendants by playing round them, while Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego walked through the fuel in the fire and flame. They were not in the extremity of the flame; for it is as if the Prophet had said — the king’s slaves were consumed by the very smoke, and the fire was without the slightest effect on the servants of God. Hence he says, these three fell down in the furnace of fire By saying they fell, it means they could not take care of themselves or attempt to escape; for he adds, they were bound. This might at first naturally suffocate them, till they were immediately consumed; but they remained untouched, and then walked about the furnace loose. We hereby see how conspicuous was God’s power, and how no falsehood of Satan’s could obscure it. And next, when the very points of the flame, or the fiery sparks, devour the servants, here again the deed is proved to be of God. Meanwhile, the result of the history is the preservation of these three holy men, so surprisingly beyond their expectation. This example is set before us, to show us how nothing can be safer than to make God the guardian and protector of our life. For we ought not to expect to be preserved from every danger because we see those holy men delivered; for we ought to hope for liberation from death, if it be useful, and yet we ought not to hesitate to meet it without fear, if God so please it. But we should gather from our present narrative the sufficiency of God’s protection, if he wishes to prolong our lives, since we know our life to be precious to him; and it is entirely in his power, either to snatch us from danger, or to withdraw us to a better existence, according to his pleasure. We have an example of this in the case of Peter; for he was on one day led forth from prison, and the next day put to death. Even then God shewed his care of his servant’s life, although Peter at length suffered death. How so? Because he had finished his course. Hence, as often as God pleases, he will exert his power to preserve us; if he leads us onwards to death, we must be assured it is best for us to die, and injurious to us to enjoy life any longer. This is the substance of the instruction which we may receive from this narrative. It now follows: — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-24" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-dan-3-004
절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:21 주석
여기서 다니엘은 하나님이 자신의 종들을 해방하신 기적을 기록한다. 두 부분이 있다. 첫째, 이 세 거룩한 사람들이 불꽃 한가운데서 다치지 않고 걸었다. 둘째, 불이 그들을 풀무에 던진 종들을 태워 죽였다. 선지자는 하나님의 능력을 증명하는 데 도움이 되는 것은 무엇이든 부지런히 열거한다. 그는 왕의 명이 급했으므로, 즉 왕이 그처럼 분노하여 풀무를 달구도록 명했으므로, 불꽃이 명령을 집행한 사람들을 삼켰다고 말한다. 선지자는 왕의 종들이 불꽃의 맨 끝에서 소진되는 동안, 사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고는 불 속을 걸어다녔다고 말하는 것 같다. 그들은 불꽃의 끝 부분에 있지 않았다. 선지자가 말하는 것은 이것이다—왕의 종들은 연기 자체로 소진되었는데, 불이 하나님의 종들에게는 조금도 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이 기적이 얼마나 현저했는지, 그리고 사탄의 어떤 거짓도 그것을 가릴 수 없었는지를 우리는 본다. 전체적으로 선지자는 이 세 거룩한 사람들이 자유를 얻어 풀무에서 나온 것이 얼마나 큰 유익이었는지를 보여준다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-21-21(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
24절 카드 ↗
Here Daniel relates how God’s power was manifest to the profane — to both the king and his courtiers, who had conspired for the death of these holy men. He says, then, the king trembled at that miracle; since God often compels the impious to acknowledge his power, and when they stupidity themselves, and harden all their senses, they are compelled to feel God’s power whether they will or not. Daniel shews how this happened to King Nebuchadnezzar. He trembled, says he, and rose up quickly, and said to his companions, Did we not cast three men bound into the fire? When they say, It is so, Nebuchadnezzar was doubtless impelled by Divine impulse, and a secret instinct, to inquire of his companions to extract this confession from them. For Nebuchadnezzar might easily approach the furnace, but God wished to extract this confession from his enemies, that both they and the king might allow the rescue of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, to have proceeded from no earthly medium, but from the admirable and extraordinary power of God. We may here remark, how the impious are witnesses to God’s power, not willingly, but because God placed this question in the king’s mouth, and also in his not permitting them to escape or turn aside from the confession of the truth. But Nebuchadnezzar says, four men walked in the fire, and the face of the fourth is like the son of a god No doubt God here sent one of his angels, to support by his presence the minds of his saints, lest they should faint. It was indeed a formidable spectacle to see the furnace so hot, and to be cast into it. By this consolation God wished to allay their anxiety, and to soften their grief, by adding an angel as their companion. We know how many angels have been sent to one man, as we read of Elisha. ( 2 Kings 6:15 .) And there is this general rule — He, has given his angels charge over thee, to guard thee in all the ways ; and also, The camps of angels are about those who fear God . ( Psalms 91:11 , and Psalms 34:7 .) This, indeed, is especially fulfilled in Christ; but it is extended to the whole body, and to each member of the Church, for God has his own hosts at hand to serve him. But we read again how an angel was often sent to a whole nation. God indeed does not need his angels, while he uses their assistance in condescension to our infirmities. And when we do not regard his power as highly as we ought, he interposes his angels to remove our doubts, as we have formerly said. A single angel was sent to these three men; Nebuchadnezzar calls him a son of God; not because he thought him to be Christ, but according to the common opinion among all people, that angels are sons of God, since a certain divinity is resplendent in them; and hence they call angels generally sons of God. According to this usual custom, Nebuchadnezzar says, the fourth man is like a son of a god. For he could not recognize the, only-begotten Son of God, since, as we have already seen, he was blinded by so many depraved errors. And if any one should say it was enthusiasm, this would be forced and frigid. This simplicity, then, will be sufficient for us, since Nebuchadnezzar spoke in the usual manner, as one of the angels was sent to those three men — since, as I have said, it was then customary to call angels sons of God. Scripture thus speaks, ( Psalms 89:6 , and elsewhere,) but God never suffered truth to become so buried in the world as not to leave some seed of sound doctrine, at least as a testimony to the profane, and to render them more inexcusable — as we shall treat more at length in the next lecture. (194) (194) See Dissertation 13 at the end of this volume. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-26" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-dan-3-005
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:24 주석
여기서 다니엘은 하나님의 능력이 이 거룩한 사람들의 죽음을 공모했던 세속적인 자들—왕과 그 신하들—에게 어떻게 나타났는지를 기록한다. 그는 왕이 그 기적에 두려워 떨었다고 한다. 하나님은 종종 불경한 자들에게 자신의 능력을 인정하도록 강요하신다. 그들이 자신을 멍청하게 하고 모든 감각을 굳히더라도, 원하든 원하지 않든 하나님의 능력을 느끼지 않을 수 없다. 느부갓네살이 말한다—세 사람을 결박하여 풀무에 던지지 않았는가? 그런데 이제 네 사람이 풀무 속을 걷고 있다. 하나님은 의심할 것 없이 한 천사를 보내어 그 거룩한 자들의 마음이 기진하지 않도록 자신의 임재로 그들을 지탱하게 하셨다. 그 넷째의 모습이 신의 아들과 같다고 한다. 의심할 것 없이 하나님이 여기서 천사들 중 하나를 보내셨다. 느부갓네살이 그를 신의 아들이라고 부른 것은 그가 그리스도임을 인식해서가 아니라, 모든 백성 가운데 천사들을 신의 아들이라 부르는 일반적인 견해에 따른 것이다. 왜냐하면 어떤 신성이 그들 안에 빛나기 때문이다. 따라서 그 일반적인 관습에 따라 느부갓네살은 넷째가 신의 아들처럼 보인다고 말한다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-24-24(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
26절 카드 ↗
HERE a sudden change is described in the mood of this cruel and proud king. We have already seen how confidently he extracted worship from the servants of God, and when he saw them disobedient to his command, how mightily he raged against them. Now Daniel shews in how short a time this pride was subdued and this cruelty appeased; but we must remark that the king was not so changed as entirely to put his disposition and manners. For when he was touched with this present miracle, he gave God the glory, but only for a moment; and still he did not return to wisdom. We cannot take too diligent notice of examples of this kind, as many estimate the characters of others from a single action. But the worst despisers of God can submit to him for a short time, not merely by feigning to do so before men, but in real seriousness, since God compels them by his power, but meanwhile they retain their pride and ferocity within their breasts. Of this kind, then, was the conversion of King Nebuchadnezzar. For when astonished by the miracle, he could no longer resist the Almighty, he was still inconsistent, as we shall afterwards see. We may also notice how the impious, who are unregenerate by God’s Spirit, are often impelled to worship God; but this is only temporary, and this equable tenor never remains through their whole life. But when God renews his own, he undertakes to govern them even to the end; he animates them to perseverance, and confirms them by his Spirit. We must here remark how God’s glory is illustrated by this temporary and vanishing conversion of the reprobate; because, whether they will or not, yet they yield to God for a time, and thus the greatness of his power is acknowledged. God, therefore, turns an event which does not profit the reprobate to his own glory, and at the same time punishes them more severely. For Nebuchadnezzar’s conduct was less excusable after his once acknowledging the God of Israel to be the supreme and only God, and then relapsing into his former superstitions. He says, therefore, — He approached the door of the furnace, and spoke thus, — Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, servants of the most high God, come forth and come hither A short time before, he wished his own statue to be worshipped, and his own name to be esteemed the only one in heaven and earth, since this was pleasing to him. We then saw how he claimed the right of subjecting the religion and worship of God to his own will and lust; but now, as if he were a new man, he calls Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, servants of the most high God! What place, then, was left to him and to all the Chaldeans? How could they now worship those fictitious gods and idols which they had fabricated? But God extracted these words from the proud and cruel king, as when criminals and compelled, by tortures, to say what they would otherwise refuse. Thus Nebuchadnezzar confessed God to be the most high God of Israel, as if he had been tortured, but not of his own accord, or in a composed state of mind. He does not pretend this before men, as I have said; but his mind was neither pure nor perfect, since it was in a ferment with this temporary commotion. And this must also be added — the instinct was rather violent; than voluntary. Daniel afterwards relates — His companions came forth from the midst of the fire By these words he again confirms the miracle; for God could extinguish the fire of the furnace, but he wished it to burn in the sight of all, to render the power of this deliverance the more conspicuous. Meanwhile we must notice the three men walking in the furnace, until the king commanded them to come forth, because God had issued no command. They saw themselves perfectly safe and. sound in the midst of the furnace; they were content with God’s present benefit, but still they had no free departure, until fetched by the king’s voice. As when Noah, in the ark, saw safety prepared for him in that tomb, yet he did not try anything until commanded to come forth. ( Genesis 8:16 .) So also Daniel asserts that his companions did not, come forth from the furnace till the king commanded them. Then at length they understood how what they had heard from the king was pleasing to God; not because he was a Prophet or teacher, but because they were cast into the furnace by his command. So also when he recalls them, they know the end of their cross to be arrived, and thus they pass from death unto life. It follows — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-27" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-dan-3-005
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:26 주석
여기서 이 잔인하고 교만한 왕의 기분이 갑자기 변한 것이 묘사된다. 우리는 이미 그가 얼마나 당당하게 하나님의 종들에게서 예배를 요구했는지, 그리고 그들이 자신의 명령에 불복종하는 것을 보았을 때 얼마나 맹렬하게 분노했는지를 보았다. 이제 다니엘은 이 교만이 얼마나 짧은 시간에 제압되고 이 잔인함이 가라앉았는지를 보여준다. 그러나 왕이 그처럼 변화되어 자신의 기질과 예절을 완전히 버린 것은 아니라는 것을 주목해야 한다. 그가 이 현재의 기적으로 감동받았을 때 그는 잠시 하나님께 영광을 돌렸지만, 곧 지혜로 돌아오지 않았다. 이 종류의 예들을 너무 부지런히 주목해야 한다. 왜냐하면 많은 이들이 단 하나의 행동에서 다른 이들의 성격을 평가하기 때문이다. 가장 나쁜 하나님의 멸시자들도 짧은 시간 동안 그분에게 굴복할 수 있으며, 단지 사람들 앞에서 가장하는 것이 아니라 진지한 현실에서도 그렇다. 하나님이 자신의 능력으로 그들을 강요하기 때문이다. 그러나 그들은 여전히 가슴속에 자신들의 교만과 사나움을 유지한다. 이것이 느부갓네살의 회심의 종류였다. 기적에 놀란 왕이 그 전능하신 분께 더 이상 저항할 수 없었지만, 여전히 일관성이 없었다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-26-26(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
27절 카드 ↗
Daniel relates how the satraps were gathered together with the leaders, prefects, and councilors of the king. The gathering was simply a collection of numbers, and if they deliberated about anything of importance, they all agreed. And this confirms the miracle, since if they had been stupefied, how could the great power of God be proposed to the eyes of the blind? Although they were so astonished, they were not altogether foolish, And Daniel implies this by saying, they were assembled together After they had discussed the matter, he says, they came to behold that specimen of the incredible power of God. Then he enumerates many reasons, which clearly shew these three men not to have been preserved by any other means than God’s singular good will. He says, The fire had no power over their bodies then, a hair of their head was not burnt thirdly, their garments were unchanged lastly, the smell of fire had not penetrated to themselves or their garments He expresses more by the word smell than if he had simply said, — the fire had not penetrated. For fire must naturally consume and burn up whatever is submitted to it; but when not even the smell of fire has passed over any substance, the miracle is more conspicuous. Now, we understand the Prophet’s intention. On the whole, he shews how the benefit of freedom was no, small one, since Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego came out of the furnace. Besides, these satraps, prefects, and. governors, were witnesses of the power of God. Their testimony would be the more valuable, as all the Jews were, spectators of this grace of God, which even they scarcely believed. But since these men were clearly and professedly enemies to true piety, they would willingly have concealed the miracle, had it been in their power. But God draws them against their wills, and compels them to be eye-witnesses, and they are thus obliged to confess what cannot be in the slightest degree doubtful. It follows- return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-28" class="com-number"
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pericope/per-dan-3-005
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:27 주석
다니엘은 사트랍들이 지도자들, 방백들, 왕의 모사들과 함께 어떻게 모였는지를 기록한다. 그 모임은 단순히 여러 사람이 모인 것이었다. 그리고 이것이 기적을 확증한다. 그들이 멍청해졌다면 어떻게 하나님의 큰 능력이 눈먼 이들의 눈앞에 제안될 수 있었겠는가? 비록 그들이 그처럼 놀랐지만 완전히 어리석지는 않았다. 그런 다음 그는 이 세 사람이 다른 어떤 수단이 아닌 하나님의 특별한 선하신 뜻에 의해 보존되었다는 것을 분명히 보여주는 여러 이유를 열거한다. 불이 그들의 몸에 아무 능력이 없었고, 머리카락 하나도 타지 않았으며, 그들의 옷도 변하지 않았고, 불 냄새조차 그들이나 그들의 옷에 스며들지 않았다고 한다. 선지자는 단순히 불이 스며들지 않았다고 말하는 것보다 냄새라는 단어로 더 많은 것을 표현한다. 불은 당연히 자신에게 제출된 것은 무엇이든 태우고 소진시킨다. 그러나 어떤 물질에 불 냄새조차 지나가지 않았을 때, 기적이 더욱 현저하다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/cal-dan-3-27-27(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
28절 카드 ↗
This, indeed, is no common confession, but the event proved how suddenly King Nebuchadnezzar was acted on by impulse, without having, the living root of the fear of God in his heart. And I repeat this again, to shew that repentance does not consist in one or two works, but in perseverance, as Paul says, — “If ye live in the Spirit, walk also in the Spirit.” ( Galatians 5:25 .) Here he requires constancy in the faithful, by which they may shew themselves to be truly born again of God’s Spirit. Nebuchadnezzar celebrated the God of Israel as if inspired by an enthusiasm, but at the same time he mingled his idols with the true God, so that there was no sincerity in him. So when the impious feel God’s power, they do not dare to proceed with obstinacy against him, but wish to appease him by a false repentance, without putting off their natural disposition. Thus we readily conclude Nebuchadnazzar to be always the same, although God extracted from him this confession, — Blessed, says he, be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego! Why does he not rather speak of him as his own God? This may be excused, had he really devoted himself to the God of Israel, and abjured his former superstitions. As he does not act thus, his confession is worthless; not because he wished to obtain men’s favor or good opinion by what he said, but he deceived himself after the manner of hypocrites. He pronounces the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego to be blessed if he really felt this, he must at the same time curse his idols, for the glory of the one true God cannot be extolled without all idols being reduced to nothing. For how can God’s praise exist without his being solely conspicuous? If any other deity is opposed to him, his majesty is already buried in complete obscurity. Hence we may collect that Nebuchadnezzar was not touched with true repentance when he blessed the God of Israel. He adds, Who sent his angel, and delivered his servants. Here Daniel shews more clearly the absence of conversion in Nebuchadnezzar, and his failure to embrace the God of Israel, and worship him with sound and complete surrender of his affections. Why so? Because piety is always founded upon the knowledge of the true God, and this requires instruction. Nebuchadnezzar knew the God of Israel to be majestic from the display of his power, for he had such a spectacle presented to him as he could not despise, if he wished. Here he confesses that Israel’s God was mighty, since he was taught it by a miracle; but this, as I have reminded you, is not sufficient for solid piety, unless instruction is added, and occupies the first place. I allow, indeed, that miracles prepare men to believe, but if miracles only occurred without the knowledge of God being added from his Word, faith will vanish away — as the example sufficiently remarkable here sets before us. We term the faith of Nebuchadnezzar to be but momentary, because while his senses were fixed upon the miracle, he was content with the spectacle, without inquiring into the character of the God of Israel, and the bearing of his law. He was not anxious about a Mediator; hence he neglected the chief point of piety, and rashly seized upon one part of it only. We clearly observe this in many profane men, for God often humbles them, to induce them suppliantly to fly to him for safety; but meanwhile, they remain perplexed by their own senses; they do not deny their own superstitions, nor regard the true worship of God. To prove our obedience to God, we must, uphold this principle — nothing pleases him which does not spring from faith. ( Romans 14:23 .) But faith cannot be acquired by any miracle, or any perception of the Divine power; it requires instruction also. The miracles avail only to the preparation for piety or for its confirmation; they cannot by themselves bring men to worship the true God. This is surprising indeed, when a profane king says the angel was sent by God It is sufficiently evident from heathen writings that something was always known about angels. This was, as it were, a kind of anticipation and previous persuasion, since all people are persuaded that angels exist, so that they had some idea of angels, although but a partial one. For, when a short time ago Daniel said the fourth appearance in the furnace was called by the king of Babylon “a son of a god,” then, as I have explained it, Nebuchadnezzar professed some belief in angels. He now says more expressly, God sent his angel As angels afford supplies to the elect and the faithful, I treat the subject here but shortly, since I am not in the habit of dwelling upon ordinary passages. It is enough for the present passage to shew how the impious, who have learnt nothing from either God himself or from piety at large, were yet imbued with these principles, since God is accustomed to use the assistance of angels to preserve his people. For this reason Nebuchadnezzar now says; the angel was sent by God to deliver his servants He next adds, who trusted in him; and this is worthy of notice, since it is added as a reason why these three men were so wonderfully preserved, through reposing all their hopes on God. Although Nebuchadnezzar was very like a log or a stone with relation to the doctrine of faith, yet God wished by means of this stone and log to instruct us, to inspire us with shame, and to reprove us of incredulity, since we are unable to conform our lives to his will, and to approach all dangers boldly, whenever it becomes necessary. For if we are thoroughly persuaded that God is the guardian of our life, surely no threats, nor terrors, nor death itself, should hinder us from persevering in our duty. But distrust is the cause of slothfulness, and wherever we deflect from a straightforward course, we deprive God of his honor, by becoming backsliders, while some want of faith betrays itself and is palpably apparent. Hence let us learn, if we wish our life to be protected by God’s hand, to commit ourselves entirely
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-dan-3-006
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:28 주석
이것은 평범하지 않은 고백이다. 그러나 결과는 느부갓네살 왕이 자신의 마음에 하나님을 두려워하는 살아 있는 뿌리 없이 충동에 의해 얼마나 갑자기 작용받았는지를 보여준다. 회개는 한두 번의 행위에 있지 않고 인내에 있다고 다시 반복한다. 바울이 말한 것처럼—"성령으로 살면 성령으로 행하라"(갈 5:25). 느부갓네살은 마치 어떤 열광에 의해 사로잡힌 것처럼 이스라엘의 하나님을 찬양했다. 그러나 동시에 자신의 우상들을 참된 하나님과 혼합했으므로, 그에게는 아무런 성실함이 없었다. 그러므로 우리는 느부갓네살이 항상 동일하다고 쉽게 결론짓는다. 비록 하나님이 이 고백을 그에게서 끌어내셨지만. 그는 말한다—사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고의 하나님을 찬송하라! 왜 그는 오히려 그분을 자신의 하나님이라고 말하지 않는가? 만약 그가 진정으로 자신을 이스라엘의 하나님께 헌신하고 이전의 미신들을 포기했다면 변명이 될 수 있었다. 그는 그렇게 하지 않으므로, 그의 고백은 가치 없다. 사드락, 메삭, 아벳느고의 하나님이 복되시다고 선언한다. 만약 그가 이것을 진정으로 느꼈다면, 동시에 자신의 우상들을 저주해야 했다. 유일하신 참 하나님의 영광은 모든 우상들이 무로 돌려지지 않으면 높여질 수 없기 때문이다.
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commentary-section/cal-dan-3-28-28(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
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Here Nebuchadnezzar is urged further forward — for we must use this phrase — since he does not take up the worship of one God from his heart, and bid his errors finally farewell. Hence it is as if God was thrusting him violently forward, while he promulgates this edict. The edict is by itself pious and praiseworthy; but, as we have already said, Nebuchadnezzar is borne along by a blind and turbulent impulse, because piety had no root in his heart. Though he is always intent on this miracle, his faith is only momentary, and his fear of God but partial. Why then is Nebuchadnezzar now seen as the patron of God’s glory? Because he was frightened by the miracle, and thus being acted on by impulse alone, he could not; be soundly restrained by the fear of God alone. And finally, this desire which he expresses is nothing but an evanescent movement. It is useful to remark this, since we see many born along by impetuous zeal and rage to vindicate God’s glory; but they lack tact and judgment, so that they deserve no praise. And many wander still further — as we see in the Papacy — when many edicts of kings and princes fly about; and if any one should ask them why they are so eager as not to spare even human blood, they put forth indeed a zeal for God, but it is mere madness without a spark of true knowledge. We must hold, therefore, that no law can be passed nor any edict promulgated concerning religion and the worship of God, unless a real knowledge of God shines forth. Nebuchadnezzar indeed had a reason for this edict, but, as I have already said, there was a special motive for his conduct. Some, indeed, now wish to be thought Christian princes, and yet are only inflamed by a hypocritical zeal, and so they pour forth innocent blood like cruel beasts. And why so? Because they make no distinction between the true God and idols. But I shall discuss this point at greater length to-morrow, and so pass over casually what I shall treat at length, when the fit opportunity arrives. Every people, therefore, and nation, and language, which shall have offered a perverse speech against their God Nebuchadnezzar again extolled the God of Israel, but how was he taught the majesty of God? By this one proof of his power, for he neglected the chief point — the ascertaining from the law and the prophets the nature of God and the power of his will. Thus we see, on one side, how God’s glory is asserted here, and yet the principal point in his worship, and in true piety, is neglected and omitted. No light punishment is added — - he must be cut in pieces , next, his house must be turned into a dunghill, since he has spoken reproachfully of the God of Israel Hence we gather how this severity is not to be utterly condemned, when God’s worship is defended by severe punishments; yet a correct sentence ought to be passed in each case. But I put this off also till to-morrow. It is now added, because there is no other God who can deliver after this manner; and. this confirms what I have formerly touched upon, namely, King Nebuchadnezzar does not regard the law in his edict, nor yet the other requisites of piety; but he is only impelled and moved by the miracle, so as not to bear or desire anything to be said opprobriously against the God of Israel. Hence the edict is deserving of blame in this point, since he does not inquire what God’s nature is, with the view of obtaining a sufficient reason for issuing it. It is added at length, — return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-30" class="com-number"
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source-manifest/cal— Calvin's Commentaries (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:29 주석
여기서 느부갓네살은 더욱 앞으로 내몰린다. 그는 마음에서 한 하나님만의 예배를 받아들이지 않고 자신의 오류에 마지막으로 작별을 고하지 않기 때문이다. 따라서 이 칙령을 공포할 때 하나님이 마치 그를 폭력적으로 앞으로 밀고 있는 것 같다. 칙령 자체는 경건하고 칭찬할 만하다. 그러나 이미 말한 대로 느부갓네살은 맹목적이고 소란스러운 충동에 의해 움직인다. 하나님의 영광을 옹호하기 위해 충동적이고 맹렬한 열심으로 내몰리는 많은 이들을 보는 것이 유익하다. 그러나 그들은 재간과 판단이 없어 칭찬을 받지 못한다. 따라서 하나님에 대한 진정한 지식이 빛나지 않으면 종교와 하나님의 예배에 관한 어떤 법도 공포될 수 없고 어떤 칙령도 발표될 수 없다는 것을 우리는 주장해야 한다. 그는 덧붙인다—이런 방식으로 건져낼 수 있는 다른 하나님이 없다고. 이것은 내가 이전에 언급한 것을 확증한다. 느부갓네살이 자신의 칙령에서 율법도 다른 경건의 필요조건들도 고려하지 않고, 단지 기적에 의해 충동받고 움직여져서 이스라엘의 하나님에 대해 어떤 비방도 말하거나 원하지 않는다는 것이다.
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commentary-section/cal-dan-3-29-29(Calvin, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 번역
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This seems to be of slight consequence; but yet it was not added in vain. We are to understand that the miracle was confirmed throughout the whole province and region, because all the Chaldeans knew those three men were cast into the furnace, and then afterwards shared in the imperial sway and were restored to their former honors. In consequence of this event, God’s power could not be unknown. It was just as it God had sent forth three heralds through the whole region, who everywhere proclaimed how they were wonderfully delivered from death by God’s special interposition. Whence, also, it would be understood how worthless were all the deities then worshipped in Chaldea, and how that great deity whose statue Nebuchadnezzar had set up had been despised, and how the true God proved his consistency in snatching his servants from death. return to ' Top of Page ' Daniel Dan 2 Daniel Dan Daniel Dan 4 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Calvin, John. "Commentary on Daniel 3". 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### 칼빈의 다니엘 3:30 주석
이것은 별 중요성이 없는 것처럼 보이지만, 그렇게 첨가된 것이 아니다. 이 기적이 온 지방과 지역에 확증되었음을 이해해야 한다. 모든 갈대아인들이 이 세 사람이 풀무에 던져졌고 이후 제국적 권세에 참여하게 되어 이전 영예로 회복되었다는 것을 알았기 때문이다. 이 사건의 결과로 하나님의 능력이 알려지지 않을 수 없었다. 마치 하나님이 온 지역에 세 명의 전령을 내보내어, 하나님의 특별한 개입으로 죽음에서 기적적으로 구원받은 이야기를 어디서나 선포하게 하신 것과 같았다. 이로 인해 갈데아에서 당시 예배받던 모든 신들이 얼마나 가치 없는지, 느부갓네살이 세운 신상의 그 위대한 신이 어떻게 경멸당했는지, 그리고 참된 하나님이 자신의 종들을 죽음에서 건지심으로 자신의 일관성을 어떻게 증명하셨는지가 이해되었을 것이다.
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