1절 카드 ↗
Inscription of the Book. . 1 The burden of Nineveh. The book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite. This title directs us to consider, 1. The great city against which the word of the Lord is here delivered; it is the burden of Nineveh, not only a prophecy, and a weighty one, but a burdensome prophecy, a dead weight to Nineveh, a mill-stone hanged about its neck. Nineveh was the place concerned, and the Assyrian monarchy, which that was the royal seat of. About 100 years before this Jonah had, in God's name, foretold the speedy overthrow of this great city; but then the Ninevites repented and were spared, and that decree did not bring forth. The Ninevites then saw clearly how much it was to their advantage to turn from their evil way; it was the saving of their city; and yet, soon after, they returned to it again; it became worse than ever, a bloody city, and full of lies and robbery. They repented of their repentance, returned with the dog to his vomit, and at length grew worse than ever they had been. Then God sent them not this prophet, as Jonah, but this prophecy, to read them their doom, which was now irreversible. Note, The reprieve will not be continued if the repentance be not continued in. If men turn from the good they began to do, they can expect no other than that God should turn from the favour he began to show, Jeremiah 18:10 . 2. The poor prophet by whom the word of the Lord is here delivered: It is the book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite. The burden of Nineveh was what the prophet plainly foresaw, for it was his vision, and what he left upon record (it is the book of the vision ), that, when he was gone, the event might be compared with the prediction and might confirm it. All the account we have of the prophet himself is that he was an Elkoshite, of the town called Elkes, or Elcos, which, Jerome says, was in Galilee. Some observe that the scripture ordinarily says little of the prophets themselves, that our faith might not stand upon their authority, but upon that of the blessed Spirit by whom their prophecies were indited. return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-2-8" class="com-number"
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절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
> 니느웨에 관한 경고의 말씀이다. 엘고스 사람 나훔이 본 환상의 책이다. (나훔 1:1)
이 표제는 우리가 두 가지를 살펴보도록 이끈다.
**첫째, 이 말씀이 선포되는 대상인 대도시이다.** 이것은 니느웨에 관한 경고의 말씀이다. 단순한 예언이나 중요한 예언이 아니라, 니느웨에 무거운 짐처럼 얹힌 예언이다. 곧 니느웨의 목에 걸린 맷돌 같은 짐이다. 니느웨는 당시 앗시리아 제국의 왕도였다. 이 예언보다 약 100년 전에 요나가 하나님의 이름으로 이 대도시의 신속한 멸망을 예고하였다. 그러나 그때 니느웨 사람들이 회개하여 용서를 받았고, 그 심판의 선고는 결국 실행되지 않았다. 니느웨 사람들은 자신들이 악한 길에서 돌이킨 것이 얼마나 유익한 일이었는지를 분명히 보았다. 그것이 바로 자기 도시를 구한 일이었다. 그러나 그들은 얼마 지나지 않아 다시 그 길로 돌아갔다. 니느웨는 전보다 더 악해졌다. 피로 물든 도시, 거짓과 약탈로 가득 찬 도시가 되었다. 그들은 자신의 회개를 스스로 저버렸고, 개가 토한 것으로 돌아가듯 돌아갔으며, 결국 전보다 더 악한 상태가 되었다. 그러자 하나님은 요나 같은 선지자를 보내시지 않고 이 예언을 보내셨으니, 이미 돌이킬 수 없이 확정된 그들의 운명을 선포케 하신 것이다. 주목하라. 회개가 지속되지 않으면 유예도 지속되지 않는다. 사람이 시작한 선을 행하기를 그치면, 하나님도 베풀기 시작하신 은혜를 그치실 수밖에 없다(렘 18:10).
**둘째, 이 말씀을 전달하는 가련한 선지자이다.** 이것은 엘고스 사람 나훔이 본 환상의 책이다. 선지자는 자신이 앞을 내다보았으니, 니느웨의 경고는 그의 환상이었다. 그리고 그것을 기록으로 남겼으니(이것은 그 환상의 책이다), 그가 세상을 떠난 뒤에도 사건과 예언을 대조하여 예언의 성취를 확인할 수 있게 하였다. 선지자 자신에 대해서는 오직 엘고스 출신이라는 것만 전해진다. 엘고스 혹은 엘코스는 제롬에 따르면 갈릴리 지방의 한 마을이었다고 한다. 주목하라. 성경은 선지자 자신에 대해서는 대개 거의 말하지 않는다. 이것은 우리의 믿음이 선지자의 권위 위에 서는 것이 아니라, 예언을 주신 성령의 권위 위에 서도록 하기 위함이다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-nam-1-1-1(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
1~15절 카드 ↗
N A H U M. CHAP. I. In this chapter we have, I. The inscription of the book, Nahum 1:1 . II. A magnificent display of the glory of God, in a mixture of wrath and justice against the wicked, and mercy and grace towards his people, and the discovery of his majesty and power in both, Nahum 1:2-8 . III. A particular application of this (as most interpreters think) to the destruction of Sennacherib and the Assyrian army, when they besieged Jerusalem, which was a very memorable and illustrious instance of the power both of God's justice and of his mercy, and spoke abundance of terror to his enemies and encouragement to his faithful servants, Nahum 1:9-16 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verse-1" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-nam-1-004 - part_of
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절 (explains)
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
2~8절 카드 ↗
The Judgment of Nineveh; The Awful Power of God. . 2 God is jealous, and the LORD revengeth; the LORD revengeth, and is furious; the LORD will take vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth wrath for his enemies. 3 The LORD is slow to anger, and great in power, and will not at all acquit the wicked: the LORD hath his way in the whirlwind and in the storm, and the clouds are the dust of his feet. 4 He rebuketh the sea, and maketh it dry, and drieth up all the rivers: Bashan languisheth, and Carmel, and the flower of Lebanon languisheth. 5 The mountains quake at him, and the hills melt, and the earth is burned at his presence, yea, the world, and all that dwell therein. 6 Who can stand before his indignation? and who can abide in the fierceness of his anger? his fury is poured out like fire, and the rocks are thrown down by him. 7 The LORD is good, a strong hold in the day of trouble; and he knoweth them that trust in him. 8 But with an overrunning flood he will make an utter end of the place thereof, and darkness shall pursue his enemies. Nineveh knows not God, that God that contends with her, and therefore is here told what a God he is; and it is good for us all to mix faith with that which is here said concerning him, which speaks a great deal of terror to the wicked and comfort to good people; for this glorious description of the Sovereign of the world, like the pillar of cloud and fire, has a bright side towards Israel and a dark side towards the Egyptians. Let each take his portion from it; let sinners read it and tremble; let saints read it and triumph. The wrath of God is here revealed from heaven against him enemies, his favour and mercy are here assured to his faithful loyal subjects, and his almighty power in both, making his wrath very terrible and his favour very desirable. I. He is a God of inflexible justice, a jealous God, and will take vengeance on his enemies; let Nineveh know this, and tremble before him. Their idols are insignificant things; there is nothing formidable in them. But the God of Israel is greatly to be feared; for, 1. He resents the affronts and indignities done him by those that deny his being or any of his perfections, that set up other gods in competition with him, that destroy his laws, arraign his proceedings, ridicule his word, or are abusive to his people. Let such know that Jehovah, the one only living and true God, is a jealous God, and a revenger; he is jealous for the comfort of his worshippers, jealous for his land ( Joel 2:18 ), and will not have that injured. He is a revenger, and he is furious; he has fury (so the word is), not as man has it, in whom it is an ungoverned passion (so he has said, Fury is not in me, Isaiah 27:4 ), but he has it in such a way as becomes the righteous God, to put an edge upon his justice, and to make it appear more terrible to those who otherwise would stand in no awe of it. He is Lord of anger (so the Hebrew phrase is for that which we read, he is furious ); he has anger, but he has it at command and under government. Our anger is often lord over us, as theirs that have no rule over their own spirits, but God is always Lord of his anger and weighs a path to it, Psalms 78:50 . 2. He resolves to reckon with those that put those affronts upon him. We are told here, not only that he is a revenger, but that he will take vengeance; he has said he will, he has sworn it, Deuteronomy 32:40 ; Deuteronomy 32:41 . Whoever are his adversaries and enemies among men, he will make them feel his resentments; and, though the sentence against his enemies is not executed speedily, yet he reserves wrath for them and reserves them for it in the day of wrath. Against his own people, who repent and humble themselves before him, he keeps not his anger for ever, but against his enemies he will for ever let out his anger. He will not at all acquit the wicked that sin, and stand to it, and do not repent, Nahum 1:3 ; Nahum 1:3 . Those wickedly depart from their God that depart, and never return ( Psalms 18:21 ), and these he will not acquit. Humble supplicants will find him gracious, but scornful beggars will not find him easy, or that the door of mercy will be opened to a loud, but late, Lord, Lord. This revelation of the wrath of God against his enemies is applied to Nineveh ( Nahum 1:8 ; Nahum 1:8 ), and should be applied by all those to themselves who go on still in their trespasses: With an over-running flood he will make an utter end of the place thereof. The army of the Chaldeans shall overrun the country of the Assyrians, and lay it all waste. God's judgments, when they come with commission, are like a deluge to any people, which they cannot keep off nor make head against. Darkness shall pursue his enemies; terror and trouble shall follow them, whithersoever they go, shall pursue them to utter darkness; if they think to flee from the darkness which pursues them they will but fall into that which is before them. II. He is a God of irresistible power, and is able to deal with his enemies, be they ever so many, ever so mighty, ever so hardy. He is great in power ( Nahum 1:3 ; Nahum 1:3 ), and therefore it is good having him our friend and bad having him our enemy. Now here, 1. The power of God is asserted and proved by divers instances of it in the kingdom of nature, where we always find its visible effects in the ordinary course of nature, and sometimes in the surprising alterations of that course. (1.) If we look up into the regions of the air, there we shall find proofs of his power, for he has his ways in the whirlwind and the storm. Which way soever God goes he carries a whirlwind and a storm along with him, for the terror of his enemies, Psalms 18:9 , c. And, wherever there is a whirlwind and a storm, God has the command of it, the control of it, makes his way through it, goes on his way in it, and serves his own purposes by it. He spoke to Job out of the whirlwind, and even stormy winds fulfil his word. He has his way in the whirlwind, that is, he goes on undiscerned, and the methods of his providence are to us unaccountable as it is said, His way is in the sea. The clouds are the dust of his feet; he treads on them, walks on them, raises them when he pleases, as a man with his feet raises a cloud of dust. It is but by permission, or usurpation rather, that the devil is the prince of the power of the air, for that power is in God's hand. (2.) If we cast our eye upon the great deeps, there we find that the sea is his, for he made it; for, when he pleases, he rebukes the sea and makes it dry, by drying up all the rivers with which it is continually supplied. He gave those proofs of his power when he divided the Red Sea and Jordan, and can do the same again whenever he pleases. (3.) If we look round us on this earth, we find proofs of his power, when, either by the extreme heat and drought of summer or the cold and frost of winter, Bashan languishes, and Carmel, and the flower of Lebanon languishes, the choicest and strongest flower languishes. His power is often seen in earthquakes, which shake the mountains ( Nahum 1:5 ; Nahum 1:5 ), melt the hills, and melt them down, and level them with the plains. When he pleases the earth is burnt at his presence by the scorching heat of the sun, and he could burn it with fire from heaven, as he did Sodom, and at the end of time he will burn the world and all that dwell therein. The earth, and all the works that are therein, shall be burnt up. Thus great is the Lord and of great power. 2. This is particularly applied to his anger. If God be an almighty God, we may thence infer ( Nahum 1:6 ; Nahum 1:6 ), Who can stand before his indignation? The Ninevites had once found God slow to anger (as he says Nahum 1:3 ; Nahum 1:3 ), and perhaps presumed upon the mercy they had then had experience of, and thought they might make bold with him; but they will find he is just and jealous as well as merciful and gracious, and, having shown the justice of his wrath, in the next he shows the power of it, and the utter insufficiency of his enemies to contend with him. It is in vain for the stoutest and strongest of sinners to think to make their part good against the power of God's anger. (1.) See God here as a consuming fire, terrible and mighty. Here is his indignation against sin, and the fierceness of his anger, his fury poured out, not like water, but like fire, like the fire and brimstone rained on Sodom, Psalms 11:6 . Hell is the fierceness of God's anger, Revelation 16:19 . God's anger is so fierce that it beats down all before it: The rocks are thrown down by him, which seemed immovable. Rocks have sometimes been rent by the eruption of subterraneous fires, which is a faint resemblance of the fierceness of God's anger against sinners whose hearts are rocky, for none ever hardened their hearts against him and prospered. (2.) See sinners here are stubble before the fire, weak and impotent, and a very unequal match for the wrath of God. [1.] They are utterly unable to bear up against it, so as to resist it, and put by the strokes of it: Who can stand before his indignation? Not the proudest and most daring sinner; not the world of the ungodly; no, not the angels that sinned. [2.] They are utterly unable to bear up under it so as to keep up their spirits, and preserve any enjoyment of themselves: Who can abide in the fierceness of his anger? As it is irresistible, so it is intolerable. Some of the effects of God's displeasure in this world a man may bear up under, but the fierceness of his anger, when it fastens immediately upon the soul, who can bear? Let us therefore fear before him; let us stand in awe, and not sin. III. He is a God of infinite mercy; and in the midst of all this wrath mercy is remembered. Let the sinners in Zion be afraid, that go on still in their transgressions, but let not those that trust in God tremble before him. For, 1. He is slow to anger ( Nahum 1:3 ; Nahum 1:3 ), not easily provoked, but ready to show mercy to those who have offended him and to receive them into favour upon their repentance. 2. When the tokens of his rage against the wicked are abroad he takes care for the safety and comfort of his own people ( Nahum 1:7 ; Nahum 1:7 ): The Lord is good to those that are good, and to them he will be a stronghold in the day of trouble. Note, The same almighty power that is exerted for the terror and destruction of the wicked is engaged, and shall be employed, for the protection and satisfaction of his own people; he is able both to save and to destroy. In the day of public trouble, when God's judgments are in the earth, laying all waste, he will be a place of defence to those that by faith put themselves under his protection, those that trust in him in the way of their duty, that live a life of dependence upon him, and devotedness to him; he knows them, he owns them for his, he takes cognizance of their case, knows what is best for them, and what course to take most effectually for their relief. They are perhaps obscure and little regarded in the world, but the Lord knows them, Psalms 1:6 . return to ' Top of Page ' <a name="verses-9-15" class="com-number"
Pericope (part_of)
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pericope/per-nam-1-002
절 (explains)
bible-text/nam-1-2, bible-text/nam-1-3, bible-text/nam-1-4, bible-text/nam-1-5, bible-text/nam-1-6, bible-text/nam-1-7, bible-text/nam-1-8
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
> 여호와는 질투하시며 보복하시는 하나님이시다. 여호와는 보복하시며 진노로 가득하시다. 여호와는 자기 대적들에게 복수하시고, 자기 원수들에게 진노를 품으신다. 여호와는 노하기를 더디 하시며 능력이 크시지만, 죄인을 결코 벌하지 않은 채 그냥 두지 않으신다. 여호와의 길은 회오리바람과 폭풍 가운데 있고, 구름은 그분 발의 티끌이다. 그분이 바다를 꾸짖어 마르게 하시고 모든 강을 말리신다. 바산과 갈멜이 시들고, 레바논의 꽃도 시든다. 산들이 그분 앞에서 떨고, 언덕들이 녹아내린다. 그분의 임재 앞에서 땅이 진동하니, 곧 온 세상과 그 안에 사는 모든 자가 그러하다. 누가 그분의 분노 앞에 설 수 있겠는가? 누가 그분의 맹렬한 진노를 견딜 수 있겠는가? 그분의 진노가 불처럼 쏟아지니, 바위들도 그분에 의해 부서진다. 여호와는 선하시며, 환난 날의 요새이시다. 그분은 자기에게 피하는 자들을 아신다. 그러나 그분은 넘치는 홍수로 그곳을 완전히 끝장내시고, 자기 원수들을 흑암 속으로 쫓아내실 것이다. (나훔 1:2-8)
니느웨는 자신과 다투시는 하나님을 알지 못한다. 그러므로 여기서 그 하나님이 어떤 분이신지를 들어야 한다. 우리 모두에게도 여기에 기록된 말씀에 믿음을 섞어서 받아들이는 것이 유익하다. 이 말씀은 악한 자들에게 큰 두려움을, 선한 이들에게는 큰 위로를 말하기 때문이다. 세상의 주권자에 대한 이 영광스러운 묘사는, 마치 구름기둥과 불기둥처럼, 이스라엘을 향해서는 밝은 면을, 이집트를 향해서는 어두운 면을 드러낸다. 각자 자기 몫을 취하라. 죄인은 읽고 두려워하고, 성도는 읽고 승리하라. 하나님의 진노는 원수들을 향해 하늘에서 드러나고, 그분의 호의와 자비는 신실한 신하들에게 보증되며, 전능한 능력이 그 두 가지 모두에 미쳐, 그분의 진노는 심히 무섭고 그분의 은혜는 심히 사모할 만한 것이 된다.
**I. 하나님은 굽히지 않는 공의의 하나님이시다.** 질투하시는 하나님이시며, 원수들에게 반드시 보복하신다. 니느웨는 이것을 알고 그 앞에 두려워 떨어야 한다. 니느웨의 우상들은 하찮은 것들로, 거기에는 두려워할 만한 것이 전혀 없다. 그러나 이스라엘의 하나님은 크게 두려워할 분이시다.
1. 하나님은 그분의 존재나 완전하심을 부정하고, 그분과 경쟁하여 다른 신들을 세우고, 그분의 율법을 짓밟고, 그분의 섭리를 비난하고, 그분의 말씀을 조롱하고, 그분의 백성을 학대하는 자들이 그분께 퍼붓는 모욕과 능욕을 마음에 두신다. 그러한 자들은 알아야 한다. 유일하신 살아 계신 참 하나님, 곧 여호와는 질투하시는 하나님이시며 복수하시는 분이시라는 것을. 그분은 자기를 경배하는 자들의 평안을 위해 질투하시고, 자기 땅을 위해 질투하시며(욜 2:18), 그것이 해를 입는 것을 용납하지 않으신다. 그분은 복수하시는 분이시며 진노로 가득하시다. 성경의 표현으로는 그분이 진노를 가지고 계신다는 것이다. 사람의 진노처럼 통제되지 않는 감정으로서가 아니라(하나님은 이렇게 말씀하셨다. "내 안에 진노가 없다", 사 27:4), 의로우신 하나님께 합당한 방식으로 진노를 가지셔서, 그 공의에 날을 세우시고, 그것 없이는 하나님을 전혀 두려워하지 않을 자들에게 더 무섭게 나타나게 하신다. 히브리어 표현에서 "진노로 가득하시다"고 번역된 것은 직역하면 '진노의 주인'이라는 뜻이다. 그분은 진노를 가지고 계시지만, 그것을 명령하고 다스리신다. 우리의 진노는 종종 우리를 지배하여, 자기 심령을 다스리지 못하는 자들처럼 된다. 그러나 하나님은 언제나 자신의 진노의 주인이시며, 그것에 대한 길을 재신다(시 78:50).
2. 하나님은 자신을 모욕한 자들과 반드시 결산하겠다고 작정하신다. 여기서 우리에게 전해지는 것은, 그분이 복수하시는 분일 뿐 아니라 반드시 보복하신다는 것이다. 그분이 그렇게 말씀하셨고, 맹세까지 하셨다(신 32:40-41). 사람들 중에 그분의 대적자와 원수가 되는 자는 누구든지 그분의 분노를 맛보게 될 것이다. 그분의 원수들에 대한 형벌이 신속히 집행되지 않더라도, 그분은 그들을 위해 진노를 쌓아 두시고 진노의 날에 그들을 그 진노에 넘겨주신다. 회개하며 자신을 낮추는 자신의 백성에게는 진노를 영원히 품지 않으시지만, 원수들에게는 영원히 진노를 쏟으신다. 그분은 죄를 짓고 고집하며 회개하지 않는 악인들을 결코 그냥 두지 않으신다(나 1:3). 하나님에게서 떠나 다시는 돌아오지 않는 자들은 악하게 그분을 떠나는 것이다(시 18:21). 하나님은 그들을 무죄로 여기지 않으신다. 겸손히 간구하는 자들은 그분이 은혜로우심을 발견할 것이지만, 오만하게 구걸하는 자들은 그분이 쉽사리 문을 여시는 분이 아님을 발견할 것이며, "주여, 주여" 하는 늦고 큰 부르짖음에도 자비의 문이 열리지 않는다는 것을 알게 될 것이다. 원수들을 향한 하나님의 진노에 관한 이 선포는 니느웨에 적용되며(나 1:8), 여전히 죄 가운데 행하는 모든 자들이 스스로에게 적용해야 한다. 그분은 넘치는 홍수로 그곳을 완전히 끝장내실 것이다. 갈대아인들의 군대가 앗시리아 땅을 휩쓸어 모든 것을 황폐하게 만들 것이다. 하나님의 심판이 권능으로 임할 때, 그것은 어느 민족에게나 홍수와 같아서 막아 낼 수도 맞설 수도 없다. 어둠이 그분의 원수들을 뒤쫓을 것이다. 공포와 재난이 그들이 어디로 가든지 따라다니며, 완전한 흑암 속으로 그들을 몰아갈 것이다. 그들을 뒤쫓는 어둠에서 피하려 하면, 그들 앞에 있는 어둠 속으로 떨어질 뿐이다.
**II. 하나님은 저항할 수 없는 능력의 하나님이시다.** 그분은 아무리 많고 강하고 완악한 원수들이라도 대적할 수 있으시다. 그분은 능력이 크시며(나 1:3), 그러므로 그분을 우리 편으로 두는 것이 좋고, 그분을 원수로 두는 것은 나쁘다.
1. 하나님의 능력은 자연 질서 안에서 여러 실례들을 통해 주장되고 증명된다. 자연의 일상적인 질서에서 우리는 언제나 그 보이는 효과들을 발견하고, 때로는 그 질서의 놀라운 변화 속에서도 발견한다.
**(1) 공중의 영역에서.** 하나님은 회오리바람과 폭풍 가운데 그분의 길을 가신다. 하나님이 어디로 가시든 회오리바람과 폭풍을 몰고 가시어 원수들을 두렵게 하신다(시 18:9). 그리고 회오리바람과 폭풍이 있는 곳마다 하나님이 그것을 명령하시고 다스리시며, 그 속을 헤치고 나아가시고, 그 안에서 자신의 목적을 이루신다. 하나님은 욥에게 회오리바람 가운데서 말씀하셨고, 폭풍의 바람도 그분의 말씀을 이루어 드린다. 구름은 그분 발의 티끌이니, 그분이 능히 보좌에서 일어나실 때 발에 일으키는 티끌과 같다. 주목하라. 자연 안에서 두렵고 압도적인 것들은 모두 하나님의 종이다.
**(2) 땅과 바다에서.** 그분이 바다를 꾸짖어 마르게 하시고 모든 강을 말리신다(나 1:4). 바산과 갈멜이 시들고, 레바논의 꽃도 시든다. 이것은 그분의 일반 섭리에서도 사실이지만, 특히 기적에서 사실이다. 그분은 홍해를 갈라 바닥을 드러내셨고, 요단강을 쪼개셨다. 무엇이든 하나님의 분노에 직면하면 황폐해진다. 바산은 비옥한 것으로, 갈멜은 풍성한 것으로, 레바논은 아름다운 것으로 알려졌지만, 그분이 꾸짖으시면 모두 시들고 만다.
**(3) 산들과 땅에서.** 산들이 그분 앞에서 떨고, 언덕들이 녹아내린다(나 1:5). 그분의 임재 앞에서 온 땅이 진동한다. 시내산의 율법 수여와 후에 주어진 여러 현현들이 이러한 장면들을 보여 주었다.
2. 이 모든 능력의 증거들로부터 도출되는 두 가지 결론이 있다.
**(1) 누가 그분의 분노를 견딜 수 있겠는가?** 산들이 그분 앞에서 떨고, 바위들이 부서진다면, 인간의 힘이 무슨 소용이 있겠는가? 그분의 분노가 이 모든 것들 위에 임하면, 육체는 무엇이겠는가? 그분의 진노가 불처럼 쏟아지니, 바위들도 그분에 의해 부서진다. 이 산문조의 묘사는 진노하신 하나님 앞에 서는 것이 얼마나 불가능한가를 보여 준다. 거대한 산과 단단한 바위도 무너지는데, 죄인이 어떻게 설 수 있겠는가?
**(2) 그분을 신뢰하는 자들에게는 얼마나 안전한가?** 하나님은 원수들에게 이토록 두려우신 분이지만, 그분을 신뢰하는 자들에게는 환난 날의 요새가 되신다(나 1:7). 여기에 죄인들에게 두려움을 주는 말씀과 성도들에게 위로를 주는 말씀이 함께 있다. 그분의 진노가 이처럼 강렬하고 그분의 능력이 이처럼 크시지만, 그분은 선하시다. 선하다는 것은 자비롭고 은혜로우시다는 것이다. 그분은 어려운 시기에 피난처가 되신다. 그분의 분노를 피할 수 없는 환난 가운데서도, 그분을 신뢰하는 자들은 그분 안에서 안전한 피난처를 찾을 것이다. 그분은 그분을 피하는 자들을 아신다. 이것은 단순히 그들의 이름을 아신다는 것이 아니라, 그들과 언약 관계 안에서 그들을 아신다는 것이다. 그분은 그들을 버리지 않으신다. 이 모든 진노와 능력에도 불구하고, 그분은 자신의 백성을 향해 은혜롭고 신실하시다. 주목하라. 선하심이 능력과 결합될 때, 이것은 신뢰하기에 완전한 근거가 된다. 지극히 선하시고 전능하신 분을 신뢰하는 것이 얼마나 복된 일인가!
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-nam-1-2-8(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반
9~15절 카드 ↗
Destruction of the Assyrian Army; Overthrow of Sennacherib. . 9 What do ye imagine against the LORD ? he will make an utter end: affliction shall not rise up the second time. 10 For while they be folden together as thorns, and while they are drunken as drunkards, they shall be devoured as stubble fully dry. 11 There is one come out of thee, that imagineth evil against the LORD , a wicked counsellor. 12 Thus saith the LORD ; Though they be quiet, and likewise many, yet thus shall they be cut down, when he shall pass through. Though I have afflicted thee, I will afflict thee no more. 13 For now will I break his yoke from off thee, and will burst thy bonds in sunder. 14 And the LORD hath given a commandment concerning thee, that no more of thy name be sown: out of the house of thy gods will I cut off the graven image and the molten image: I will make thy grave; for thou art vile. 15 Behold upon the mountains the feet of him that bringeth good tidings, that publisheth peace! O Judah, keep thy solemn feasts, perform thy vows: for the wicked shall no more pass through thee; he is utterly cut off. These verses seem to point at the destruction of the army of the Assyrians under Sennacherib, which may well be reckoned a part of the burden of Nineveh, the head city of the Assyrian empire, and a pledge of the destruction of Nineveh itself about 100 years after; and this was an event which Isaiah, with whom probably this prophet was contemporary, spoke much of. Now observe here, I. The great provocation which the Assyrians gave to God, the just and jealous God, for which, though slow to anger, he would take vengeance ( Nahum 1:11 ; Nahum 1:11 ): There is one come out of thee, that imagines evil against the Lord --Sennacherib, and his spokesman Rabshakeh. They framed an evil letter and an evil speech, not only against Hezekiah and his people, but against God himself, reflecting upon him as level with the gods of the heathen, and unable to protect his worshippers, dissuading his people from putting confidence in him, and urging them rather to put themselves under the protection of the great king, the king of Assyria. They contrived to alter the property of Jerusalem, that it should be no longer the city of the Lord, the holy city. This one, this mighty one, so he thinks himself, that comes out of Nineveh, imagining evil against the Lord, brings upon Nineveh this burden. Never was the glorious Majesty of heaven and earth more daringly, more blasphemously affronted than by Sennacherib at that time. He was a wicked counsellor who counselled them to despair of God's protection, and surrender themselves to the king of Assyria, and endeavour to put them out of conceit with Hezekiah's reformation ( Isaiah 36:7 ); with this wicked counsellor he here expostulates ( Nahum 1:9 ; Nahum 1:9 ): " What do you imagine against the Lord? What a foolish wicked thing it is for you to plot against God, as if you could outwit divine wisdom and overpower omnipotence itself!" Note, There is a great deal imagined against the Lord by the gates of hell, and against the interests of his kingdom in the world; but it will prove a vain thing, Psalms 2:1 ; Psalms 2:2 . He that sits in heaven laughs at the imaginations of the pretenders to politics against him, and will turn their counsels headlong. II. The great destruction which God would bring upon them for it, not immediately upon the whole monarchy (the ruin of that was deferred till the measure of their iniquity was full), but, 1. Upon the army; God will make an utter end of that; it shall be totally cut off and ruined at one blow; one fatal stroke of the destroying angel shall lay them dead upon the spot; affliction shall not rise up the second time, for it shall not need. With some sinners God makes a quick despatch, does their business at once. Divine vengeance goes not by one certain rule, nor in one constant track, but one way or other, by acute diseases or chronical ones, by slow deaths or lingering ones, he will make an utter end of all his enemies, who persist in their imaginations against him. We have reason to think that the Assyrian army were mostly of the same spirit, and spoke the same language, with their general, and now God would take them to task, though they did but say as they were taught; and it shall appear that they have laid themselves open to divine wrath by their own act and deed, Nahum 1:10 ; Nahum 1:10 . (1.) They are as thorns that entangle one another, and are folded together. They make one another worse, and more inveterate against God and his Israel, harden one another's hearts, and strengthen one another's hands, in their impiety; and therefore God will do with them as the husbandman does with a bush of thorns when he cannot part them: he puts them all into the fire together. (2.) They are as drunken men, intoxicated with pride and rage; and such as they shall be irrecoverably overthrown and destroyed. They shall be as drunkards, besotted to their own ruin, and shall stumble and fall, and make themselves a reproach, and be justly laughed at. (3.) They shall be devoured as stubble fully dry, which is irresistibly and irrecoverably consumed by the flame. The judgments of God are as devouring fire to those that make themselves as stubble to them. It is again threatened concerning this great army ( Nahum 1:12 ; Nahum 1:12 ) that though they be quiet and likewise many, very secure, not fearing the sallies out of the besieged upon them, because they are numerous, yet thus shall they be cut down, or certainly shall they be cut down, as grass and corn are cut down, with as little ado, when he shall pass through, even the destroying angel that is commissioned to cut them down. Note, The security of sinners, and their confidence in their own strength, are often presages of ruin approaching. 2. Upon the king. He imagined evil against the Lord, and shall he escape? No ( Nahum 1:14 ; Nahum 1:14 ): " The Lord has given a commandment concerning thee; the decree has gone forth, that thy name be no more sown, that thy memory perish, that thou be no more talked of as thou hast been, and that the report of thy mighty actions be dispersed upon the wings of fame and celebrated with her trumpet." Because Sennacherib's son reigned in his stead, some make this to point at the overthrow of the Assyrian empire not long after. Note, Those that imagine evil against the Lord hasten evil upon themselves and their own families and interests, and ruin their own names by dishonouring his name. It is further threatened, (1.) That the images he worshipped should be cut off from their temple, the graven image and the molten image out of the house of his gods, which, some think, was fulfilled when Sennacherib was slain by his two sons, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, by which barbarous parricide we may suppose the temple was looked upon as defiled, and was therefore disused, and the images were cut off from it, the worshippers of those images no longer attending there. Or it may be taken more generally to denote the utter ruin of Assyria; the army of the enemy shall lay all waste, and not spare even the images of their gods, by which God would intimate to them that one of the grounds of his controversy with them was their idolatry. (2.) That Sennacherib's grave shall be made there, some think in the house of his god; there he is slain, and there he shall be buried, for he is vile; he lies under this perpetual mark of disgrace, that he had so far lost his interest in the natural affection of his own children that two of them murdered him. Or it may be meant of the ignominious fall of the Assyrian monarchy itself, upon the ruins of which that of Babylon was raised. What a noise was made about the grave of that once formidable state, but now despicable, is largely described, Ezekiel 3:3 ; Ezekiel 3:11 ; Ezekiel 3:15 ; Ezekiel 3:16 . Note, Those that make themselves vile by scandalous sins God will make vile by shameful punishments. III. The great deliverance which God would hereby work for his own people and the city that was called by his name. The ruin of the church's enemies is the salvation of the church, and a very great salvation it was that was wrought for Jerusalem by the overthrow of Sennacherib's army. 1. The siege shall hereby be raised: " Now will I break his yoke from off thee, by which thou art kept in servitude, and will burst thy bonds asunder, by which thou seemest bound over to the Assyrian's wrath." That vast victorious army, when it forced free quarters for itself throughout all the land of Judah, and lived at discretion there, was as yokes and bonds upon them. Jerusalem, when it was besieged, was, as it were, bound and fettered by it; but, when the destroying angel had done his work, Jerusalem's bonds were burst asunder, and it was set at liberty again. This was a figure of the great salvation, by which the Jerusalem that is above is made free, is made free indeed. 2. The enemy shall be so weakened and dispirited that they shall never make any such attempt again, and the end of this trouble shall be so well gained by the grace of God that there shall be no more occasion for such a severe correction. (1.) God will not again afflict Jerusalem; his anger is turned away, and he says, It is enough; for he has by this fright accomplished his whole work upon Mount Zion ( Isaiah 10:12 ), and therefore " though I have afflicted thee, I will afflict thee no more; " the bitter portion shall not be repeated unless there be need and the patient's case call for it; for God doth not afflict willingly. (2.) The enemy shall not dare again to attack Jerusalem ( Nahum 1:15 ; Nahum 1:15 ): The wicked shall no more pass through thee as they have done, to lay all waste, for he is utterly cut off and disabled to do it. His army is cut off, his spirit cut off, and at length he himself is cut off. 3. The tidings of this great deliverance shall be published and welcomed with abundance of joy throughout the kingdom, Nahum 1:15 ; Nahum 1:15 . While Sennacherib prevailed, and carried all before him, every day brought bad news; but now, behold, upon the mountains, the feet of him that bringeth good tidings, the feet of the evangelist; he is seen coming at a distance upon the mountains, as fast as his feet will carry him; and how pleasant a sight is it once more to see a messenger of peace, after we have received so many of Job's messengers! We find these words made use of by another prophet to illustrate the mercy of the deliverance of the people of God out of Babylon ( Isaiah 52:7 ), not that the prophets stole the word one from another (as those did, Jeremiah 23:30 ), but speaking by the same Spirit, they often used the same expressions; and it may be of good use for ministers to testify their consent to wholesome truths ( 1 Timothy 6:3 ) by concurring in the same forms of sound words, 2 Timothy 1:13 . These words are also quoted by the apostle, both from Isaiah and Nahum, and applied to the great redemption wrought out for us by our Lord Jesus, and the publishing of it to the world by the everlasting gospel, Romans 10:15 . Christ's ministers are those messengers of good tidings, that preach peace by Jesus Christ. How beautiful are the feet of those messengers! How welcome their message to those that see their misery and danger by reason of sin! And observe, He that brings these good tidings brings with them a call to Judah to keep her solemn feasts and perform her vows. During the trouble, (1.) The ordinary feasts had been intermitted. Inter arma silent leges--The voice of law cannot be heard amidst the shouts of battle. While Jerusalem was encompassed with armies they could not go thither to worship; but now that the embargo is taken off they must return to the observance of their feasts; and the feasts of the Lord will be doubly sweet to the people of God when they have been for some time deprived of the benefit of them and God graciously restores them their opportunities again, for we are taught the worth of such mercies by the want of them. (2.) They had made vows to God, that, if he would deliver them out of this distress, they would do something extraordinary in his service, to his honour; and now that the deliverance is wrought they are called upon to perform their vows; the promise they had then made must now be made good, for better it is not to vow than to vow and not to pay. And those words, The wicked shall no more pass through thee, may be taken as a promise of the perfecting of the good work of reformation which Hezekiah had begun; the wicked shall not, as they have done, walk on every side, but they shall be cut off, and the baffling of the attempts from the wicked enemies abroad is a mercy indeed to a nation when it is accompanied with the restraint and reformation of the wicked at home, who are its more dangerous enemies. return to ' Top of Page ' Micah Mic 7 Nahum Nah Nahum Nah 2 Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. Bibliographical Information Henry, Matthew. "Complete Commentary on Nahum 1". 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Pericope (part_of)
- part_of
pericope/per-nam-1-003 - part_of
pericope/per-nam-1-004 - part_of
pericope/per-nam-1-005
절 (explains)
bible-text/nam-1-9, bible-text/nam-1-10, bible-text/nam-1-11, bible-text/nam-1-12, bible-text/nam-1-13, bible-text/nam-1-14, bible-text/nam-1-15
Source
source-manifest/mhm— Matthew Henry Complete Commentary (PD)- evidence_grade: T_theological
> 너희가 여호와를 대적하여 무엇을 꾀하느냐? 그분이 완전히 끝장내실 것이니, 재앙이 두 번 일어나지 못할 것이다. 그들은 가시덤불처럼 얽히고 술에 취한 것같이 되어, 바싹 마른 검불처럼 완전히 사라질 것이다. 네게서 한 사람이 나왔으니, 그는 여호와를 대적하여 악을 꾀하고 사악함을 도모하는 자다. 여호와께서 이렇게 말씀하신다. "그들이 비록 온전한 힘을 지니고 수가 많을지라도, 그렇게 베임을 당하여 사라질 것이다. 내가 너를 괴롭혔으나, 다시는 너를 괴롭히지 않을 것이다. 이제 내가 그의 멍에를 네게서 꺾어 버리고, 네 결박을 끊어 버리겠다." 여호와께서 너에 관하여 명령하셨다. "다시는 네 이름을 이어 갈 후손이 없을 것이다. 네 신들의 집에서 내가 새긴 우상과 부어 만든 우상을 끊어 버리겠다. 네가 비천하니, 내가 네 무덤을 마련하겠다." 보라, 좋은 소식을 전하며 평화를 알리는 자의 발이 산 위에 있다! 유다야, 네 절기를 지키고 네 서원을 이행하여라. 악한 자가 다시는 네 가운데로 지나가지 못할 것이니, 그가 완전히 끊어졌기 때문이다. (나훔 1:9-15)
이 구절들은 산헤립 치하의 앗시리아 군대의 멸망을 가리키는 것으로 보인다. 이것은 니느웨의 경고, 곧 앗시리아 제국의 수도에 선포된 경고의 일부로 볼 수 있으며, 약 100년 뒤에 있을 니느웨 자체의 멸망에 대한 징표이기도 하다. 이 사건은 아마도 이 선지자와 동시대인인 이사야가 많이 말한 것이기도 하다.
**I. 앗시리아인들이 하나님께 드린 큰 도발이다.** 의롭고 질투하시는 하나님은, 노하기를 더디 하시지만, 반드시 보복하신다(나 1:11). 네게서 한 사람이 나왔으니, 곧 산헤립과 그의 대변인 랍사게이다. 그들은 히스기야와 그의 백성을 대적하는 악한 편지와 악한 연설을 꾸몄을 뿐만 아니라, 하나님 자신을 대적하여 그분을 이방의 신들과 같은 수준으로 내리깎고, 자기 백성을 보호할 능력이 없으신 분으로 묘사하였다. 그들은 백성들이 하나님을 신뢰하는 것을 단념시키고, 오히려 앗시리아 대왕의 보호 아래 스스로를 맡기라고 촉구하였다. 그들은 예루살렘의 성격을 바꾸어, 그것이 더 이상 여호와의 도성, 거룩한 성이 되지 못하게 하려 하였다. 니느웨에서 나온 이 자, 스스로 강자라고 여기는 이 자가, 여호와를 대적하여 악을 꾀함으로써 니느웨 위에 이 경고를 초래하였다. 하늘과 땅의 영광스러운 왕 앞에서 산헤립만큼 담대하게, 그것도 신성모독적으로 도전한 자는 없었다. 그 사악한 모사는 백성들로 하여금 하나님의 보호를 절망하고 앗시리아 왕에게 항복하도록 권하며, 히스기야의 개혁에 대한 반감을 조장하였다(사 36:7). 하나님은 이 사악한 모사에게 반문하신다(나 1:9). "너희가 여호와를 대적하여 무엇을 꾀하느냐? 마치 신적 지혜를 능가하고 전능하심 자체를 압도할 수 있는 것처럼 하나님을 대적하여 꾀를 내다니, 이 얼마나 어리석고 악한 일인가!" 주목하라. 지옥의 문에서는 주님을 대적하여 많은 일을 꾀하고, 세상 안에 있는 그분 나라의 이익을 대적하여 많은 일을 꾀한다. 그러나 그것은 헛된 일로 드러날 것이다(시 2:1-2). 하늘에 앉아 계신 분은 정치적 야심가들의 꾀를 비웃으시고, 그들의 계략을 거꾸러뜨리실 것이다.
**II. 하나님이 그들에게 가져오실 큰 멸망이다.** 왕국 전체의 즉각적인 멸망은 아니다. 그 멸망은 그들의 죄악이 가득 차는 때까지 미루어졌다. 그러나 다음 두 가지가 닥쳐온다.
1. **군대에 대한 심판이다.** 하나님은 그것을 완전히 끝장내실 것이다. 그것은 한 번의 타격으로 완전히 잘라지고 멸망될 것이다. 멸망시키는 천사의 한 번의 치명적인 일격이 그들을 그 자리에서 쓰러뜨릴 것이다. 재앙이 두 번 일어날 필요가 없을 것이다. 어떤 죄인들에게는 하나님이 빠르게 결말을 내신다. 신적 보복은 한 가지 일정한 규칙이나 한 가지 고정된 방식을 따르지 않는다. 급성 질병이든 만성 질병이든, 빠른 죽음이든 느린 죽음이든, 어떤 방식으로든 하나님을 대적하여 꾀를 내기를 고집하는 모든 원수들을 완전히 끝장내실 것이다. 앗시리아 군대는 대부분 그들의 장군과 같은 정신을 가지고 같은 말을 하였을 것이다. 그들은 가르침 받은 대로 말했을 뿐이지만, 이제 하나님이 그들을 다루실 것이다. 그들은 자신들의 행위와 말로 스스로 신적 진노에 노출되었음이 드러날 것이다(나 1:10).
- 그들은 서로 엉킨 가시덤불 같다. 그들은 서로를 더 악하고 더 완악하게 만들며, 서로의 마음을 강퍅하게 하고, 불경건 속에서 서로의 손을 강하게 한다. 그러므로 하나님은 농부가 가시덤불을 어떻게 처리하는가와 같이 하실 것이다. 그것들을 분리할 수 없을 때, 모두 함께 불에 던진다.
- 그들은 술에 취한 자들 같다. 교만과 분노에 취해 있다. 이러한 자들은 돌이킬 수 없이 무너지고 멸망할 것이다. 그들은 술 취한 자처럼, 자신의 파멸에 빠진 어리석은 자들이 되어 걸려 넘어지고 쓰러지며, 스스로 수치를 자초하고 당연히 조롱을 받을 것이다.
- 그들은 바싹 마른 검불처럼 불길에 삼켜질 것이다. 이 불길은 저항할 수도 피할 수도 없다. 하나님의 심판은 자신을 그에 대한 검불로 만드는 자들에게 삼키는 불과 같다.
이 큰 군대에 대해 거듭 위협하신다(나 1:12). 그들이 비록 안전하고 수가 많을지라도, 매우 안전하여 포위된 자들의 공격을 두려워하지 않을지라도, 수가 많기 때문이다. 그럼에도 그렇게 베임을 당할 것이다. 그들을 베도록 위임받은 멸망의 천사가 지나갈 때, 마치 풀과 곡식이 베임을 당하듯 조금의 힘도 들이지 않고 베임을 당할 것이다. 주목하라. 죄인들의 안전함과 자기 힘에 대한 확신은 종종 다가오는 멸망의 전조다.
2. **왕에 대한 심판이다.** 그가 여호와를 대적하여 악을 꾀하였으니, 그가 피할 수 있겠는가? 그럴 수 없다(나 1:14). "여호와께서 너에 관하여 명령하셨다. 이 명령은 선포된 것이고, 변경할 수 없으며, 반드시 이루어질 것이다."
- "다시는 네 이름을 이어 갈 후손이 없을 것이다." 산헤립의 이름은 끊길 것이다. 그의 이름을 이어 갈 씨앗이 뿌려지지 않을 것이다. 이것은 글자 그대로 성취되었다. 산헤립은 자기 아들들에게 살해되었고(사 37:38), 그의 왕조는 곧 멸망하였다.
- "네 신들의 집에서 내가 새긴 우상과 부어 만든 우상을 끊어 버리겠다." 산헤립의 신들은 그를 보호할 수 없었고, 그 신전은 오히려 그의 패망의 장소가 되었다. 그는 니스록의 신전에서 예배하다가 죽임을 당하였다(사 37:38).
- "네가 비천하니, 내가 네 무덤을 마련하겠다." 이것은 그가 가장 명예롭지 못한 방식으로 묻힐 것임을 나타낸다. 위인들은 화려하게 장사되지만, 산헤립은 불명예로운 죽음을 죽을 것이다.
**III. 유다에게 주어진 약속이다.** 그 약속은 곧 앗시리아의 멍에가 끊어질 것이라는 약속이다(나 1:12-13). "내가 너를 괴롭혔으나, 다시는 너를 괴롭히지 않을 것이다. 이제 내가 그의 멍에를 네게서 꺾어 버리고, 네 결박을 끊어 버리겠다." 앗시리아 왕이 유다에게 지워 온 멍에와 결박을 하나님이 끊어 버리실 것이다. 하나님이 허락하신 고난도 있고, 하나님이 그치게 하시는 고난도 있다. 하나님의 백성은 고난이 하나님의 허락 아래 임하였다면, 그것이 그치게 되는 것도 하나님의 뜻 안에 있음을 신뢰할 수 있다.
**IV. 기쁜 소식과 그 선포이다(나 1:15).** 보라, 좋은 소식을 전하며 평화를 알리는 자의 발이 산 위에 있다! 이것은 산헤립의 군대를 멸하신 뒤, 그 기쁜 소식을 전하러 오는 사자를 묘사한다. 유다는 곧 앗시리아의 위협에서 벗어날 것이다. 선지자는 이사야 52:7의 말씀을 반영하며 유다에게 말한다. 이 구절은 신약에서 복음을 전하는 자들에 대한 예표로 사용된다(롬 10:15).
유다야, 네 절기를 지키고 네 서원을 이행하여라. 오랫동안 앗시리아의 위협 아래 억압받아 왔기 때문에, 하나님의 예배를 자유롭게 드릴 수 없었다. 그러나 이제 그 원수가 끊어졌으니, 자유롭게 하나님을 경배하고 그분께 드린 서원을 이행하라. 악한 자가 다시는 네 가운데로 지나가지 못할 것이니, 그가 완전히 끊어졌기 때문이다. 주목하라. 하나님이 원수들에게 심판을 내리시는 것은 자기 백성에게 구원을 베푸시기 위함이다. 교회의 원수들의 패망은 교회의 자유와 평화를 위한 것이다. 이것은 온전한 성취가 그리스도 안에서 이루어질 더 큰 구원을 미리 보여 준다.
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원주석
- 번역원본
commentary-section/mhm-nam-1-9-15(Matthew Henry, PD) - CC0-1.0 · Sonnet 위탁 번역 · 성경 인용은 WEB(PD) 기반